考研英語(yǔ)二作文講解及模版與背誦范文全

1、圖表作文(一)第一節(jié)圖表作文的類型圖表作文可分為兩大類：表作文和圖作文。表作文表格(Table)可以使人量數(shù)據(jù)系統(tǒng)化，便于閱讀、比較。表格常由標(biāo)題(Title)表頭(Boxhead)(表格的第一行)、側(cè)目(Stub)(表格左邊的第一列)和主體(Body)部分(表格的其余部分)等部分組成。如下表：用表格表達(dá)的信息具體準(zhǔn)確，而且表格中的各項(xiàng)均按一定規(guī)律排列。閱讀表格時(shí)要注意找出表格中各個(gè)項(xiàng)目的相互關(guān)系，表格中各個(gè)項(xiàng)目的變化規(guī)律。例如，上而的表格中的數(shù)字說(shuō)明,和1978年相比，1983年大學(xué)入學(xué)的人數(shù)在增加，而小學(xué)的入學(xué)人數(shù)在減少。搞清楚這些變化規(guī)律也就讀懂了表格的內(nèi)容。圖作文圖作文又可分為三種：圓

2、形圖作文、曲線圖作文和條狀圖作文。圓形圖作文圓形圖(Piechart)也稱為餅狀圖或圓而分割圖。圓形圖因?yàn)楸容^形象和直觀，各部分空間人小差別容易分辨，所以常用來(lái)表示總量和各分量之間的百分比關(guān)系。整個(gè)圓表示總量，楔形塊表示分量。有時(shí)圓形圖述有數(shù)值表，兩者結(jié)合可把各分量表示得更準(zhǔn)確、清楚。例如：ThisisapiechartoftheaverageweeklyexpenditureofafamilyinGreatBritain.Ascanbeseefromthechart,themainexpenditureofanaverageBritishfamilyisspentonfood,whichac

3、countsfor25%ofitstotalexpenditure.Thenexttwosignificantexpendingitemsaretransportandhousing,whichare15%and12%respectively.Ifwetakeintoaccountclothingandfootwear,whichmakesup10%,thefouressentialsoflife,thatis,food,transport,housing,andclothingandfootwear,amountto62%ofthetotalexpenditure.(2)曲線圖作文曲線圖(L

4、inegraph)也稱為線性圖或坐標(biāo)圖。曲線圖最適合表示兩個(gè)變量之間關(guān)系的發(fā)展過(guò)程和趨勢(shì)。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，曲線所呈現(xiàn)的形狀比某一點(diǎn)所代表的變量的值更有意義。曲線圖有橫軸和縱軸。一般先看橫軸所代表的數(shù)量或時(shí)間等，然后再看縱軸所顯示的意義。同時(shí)必須找出線條所反映的最高或最低的變化。例如：這個(gè)曲線圖的橫軸代表1990年的不同的月份，縱軸代表交通事故的數(shù)量。從交通事故曲線圖上可知，前八個(gè)月的交通事故的數(shù)量有升有降。曲線圖在八月份升到了最高點(diǎn)(39),此后一直呈下降的趨勢(shì)，I二月份降到了最低點(diǎn)(16)?？梢?，199()邙的交通事故的數(shù)量總體上呈下降的趨勢(shì)。條形圖作文條形圖(Bargraph)也稱為立柱圖或圓柱

5、圖。條形圖由寬度相同但長(zhǎng)度不同的條塊代表不同的量。當(dāng)要比較兒個(gè)項(xiàng)目或量時(shí)，常用不同顏色來(lái)區(qū)分。條形圖主要用來(lái)表示：1)同一項(xiàng)目在不同時(shí)間的量;2)同一時(shí)間不同項(xiàng)目的量。閱讀條形圖時(shí)，要先看圖例，再看橫軸、縱橫各代表什么量，每一個(gè)刻度所代表的值是多少，最后找出圖中各長(zhǎng)條所表示的數(shù)據(jù)及各長(zhǎng)條間的相互關(guān)系。例如：左邊的條形圖的橫軸代表時(shí)間，縱軸代表期望壽命(LifeExpectancy),這一條形圖想要體現(xiàn)的是同一項(xiàng)目(期望壽命)在不同時(shí)間的量。右邊的條形圖的橫軸也是代表時(shí)間，縱軸是代表嬰兒的死亡率(InfantMortality),這一條形圖想要體現(xiàn)的也是同一項(xiàng)目(嬰兒的死亡率)在不同時(shí)間的量。左

6、邊的條形圖表明199()年的人均期望壽命比1960年的人均期望壽命長(zhǎng)2()歲，而199()年的嬰兒死亡率比1960年的嬰兒死亡率下降了50%。第二節(jié)圖表作文的出題形式例1題目:ChangesinPeoplesDietStudythefollowingtablecarefullyandyourcompositionmustbebasedontheinformationgiveninthetable.Writethreeparagraphsto:Estatethechangesinpeoplesdiet(飲食)inthepastfiveyears;givepossiblereasonsforthe

7、changes;drawyourownconclusions.Youshouldquoteasfewfiguresaspossible.例2題目：CarAccidentsDeclininginWaltonCityRememberthatyourcompositionmustbewrittenaccordingtothefollowingoutline;1.Riseandfalloftherateofcaraccidentsasindicatedbythegraph;Possiblereason(s)forthedeclineofcaraccidentsinthecity;Yourpredict

8、ionsofwhatwillhappenthisyear.Yourcompositionshouldbenolessthan120wordsandyoushouldquoteasfewfiguresaspossible.彳列3Forthispart,youareallowed3()minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicHealthGaininDevelopingCountries.Yourcompositionmustbenolessthan120wordsandyoushouldbaseyourcompositiononthefollowinginstruc

9、tions(giveninChinese):以卜圖為依據(jù)描述發(fā)展中國(guó)家的期望壽命(lifeexpectancy)和嬰兒死亡率(infantmortality)的變化情況說(shuō)明引起變化的各種原因從以上例子可見，圖表作文一般在題目中給出作文的標(biāo)題和一個(gè)或兒個(gè)統(tǒng)計(jì)表格、圓形圖、曲線圖或條形圖，有時(shí)還用英文或中文提綱的形式給出提示，要求我們：用文字描述圖表，客觀解釋圖表中所傳遞的信息，并找出某種規(guī)律或趨勢(shì)；就圖表中所反映的某種趨勢(shì)或問(wèn)題分析其原因或后果。第三節(jié)圖表作文的寫作要領(lǐng)圖表作文著重說(shuō)明事實(shí)，常常是通過(guò)對(duì)圖表中所反映的具體數(shù)據(jù)的說(shuō)明、分析、比較，對(duì)某種事物或現(xiàn)象的事實(shí)或變化情況等加以說(shuō)明，并提出結(jié)

10、論或看法。因此，圖表作文常常采用議論文體的寫作方法。寫好圖表作文，關(guān)鍵在于能否讀懂圖表中所提供的信息，把握各信息間的聯(lián)系，用準(zhǔn)確流暢的語(yǔ)言把這一信息表達(dá)出來(lái)，并就這一信息發(fā)表自己的看法。圖表作文的寫作步驟寫圖表作文時(shí)，要注意遵循以下步驟：認(rèn)真分析圖表的含義，弄清圖表中所含的信息及不同信息間的關(guān)系；確定文章的主題思想，構(gòu)思出文章的基本框架，篩選出能說(shuō)明圖表主題思想的典型數(shù)據(jù)；編列文章的提綱；根據(jù)文章的提綱，將各段的提綱內(nèi)容擴(kuò)展成段落，然后將各個(gè)段落組成文章，注意段與段之間的銜接與過(guò)渡；檢查與修改。圖表作文的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)寫圖表作文時(shí)，常采用三段式的謀篇方式。文章的第一段往往分析圖表中的數(shù)據(jù)變化反映什么

11、問(wèn)題或趨勢(shì)，概述圖表所揭示的信息。第二段分析造成這一問(wèn)題或趨勢(shì)的原因。第三段則展望未來(lái)的情況或提出解決問(wèn)題的辦法或建議。這一結(jié)構(gòu)可以簡(jiǎn)單地表述為：第一段：概述圖表反映的主題思想第二段：分析產(chǎn)生的原因第三段：展望未來(lái)或提出方法或建議圖表作文常用的句型常用的開篇句型(即概述圖表內(nèi)容時(shí)常用的表達(dá)法)Accordingtothetable/piechart/linegraph/bargraph,wecansee/concludethat.根據(jù)該表/圖，我們可知Thetable/graphreveals(shows/indicates/illustrates/represents/pointsout)t

12、hat.該表/圖表明Aswecanseefromthetable.Ascanbeseenfromtheline/bargraph.Asisshown(illustrated/indicated)inthepiechart.如表/圖所示，描述增減變化常用的句型Comparedwith.isstillincreasedby.Thenumberof.grew/rosefrom.to.Anincreaseisshownin.;thencameasharpincreaseof.In.thenumberremainsthesame/dropsto.Therewasaveryslight(small/slo

13、w/gradual)rise/increasein1990.Therewasaverysteady(marked/sharp/rapid/sudden/draTnatic)drop(decrease/decline/fal/reduction)in1998/comparedwiththatoflastyear).下而是根據(jù)例2的題目要求寫的范文。(l)Fromthegraph,wecanseethatthenumberofcaraccidentsinWaltoncityfluctuatedduringtheyearof1990.Thefirsttwomonthsof1990showedanin

14、creasingtrend.Therateroseto32inMarchbutfellto26inJune.(4)FromJuneon,theratewasrisingagainandreachedthepeakpoint39inAugust.(5)AfterAugusttheratebegantodeclineremarkably,andeventuallydroppedtothelowestpoint16attheendoftheyear.(6)Therefbre,ifsobviousthatcaraccidentinWaltoncitydeclinedin1990.(1)主題句/概述表格

15、反映的內(nèi)容(2)(5)反映交通事故的變化情況小結(jié)：總結(jié)表格數(shù)據(jù)反映的總趨勢(shì)(7)Thereareseveralreasonsforthedecline.(8)First,anewtrafficlawwasmadeandcameintoforce.(9)Itprovidedthatinsummereverycarmustbeair-conditioned.(1Asaresult,thehighestrateinAugust,whenhumidityandhightemperaturemakedriversimpatientandeasilyleadtocaraccidents,droppedst

16、eadily.(ll)Second,newroadswerebuiltandsomenarrowstreetswerewidened,whichquickenedtheflowoftraffic.Finally,thecityadministrationmadegreateffortstoheightenpeoplesawarenessofobservingtrafficrules.(7)主題句原因/措施一解釋措施一/次要輔助W)采取措施一后的結(jié)果(11)原因/措施二原因臘施三(13)Withallthesenewmeasures,FmsuretherateofcaraccidentsinWa

17、ltoncitywillgoonfallingthisyear.03)總結(jié)：展望未來(lái)的情況第四節(jié)、圖表作文練習(xí)及其參考范文下而是寫作練習(xí)，在寫作的過(guò)程中注意審題，考慮文章的結(jié)構(gòu)、采用的擴(kuò)展方法、開頭的結(jié)尾的方法以及文章中的過(guò)渡等。練習(xí)1：Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositionofnolessthan120wordsonChangesinPeoplesDiet.Studythefollowingtablecarefullyandyourcompositionmustbebasedontheinfor

18、mationgiveninthetable.Writethreeparagraphsto:1.statethechangesinpeoplesdiet(飲食)inthepastfiveyears;givepossiblereasonsforthechanges;drawyourownconclusions.Youshouldquoteasfewfiguresaspossible.Asisshowninthetable,therehavebeengreatchangesinpeoplesdietbetween1986and1990.(2)Fromthetable,wecanfindthatgra

19、in,formerlythemainfoodofmostChinesepeople,isnowplayingalessimportantroleinpeoplesdiet.(3)Andthesamegoesforfruitandvegetables.(4)Ontheotherhand,theconsumptionofhigh-nutritionfoodsuchmilkandmeathasincreasedrapidly.(5)Whathascausedthesechanges?Therearemainlythreereasons(主題句).(6)First,peoplearemuchwealt

20、hierthanbefbre.(7)Withhigherincome,theycanaffordtobuynutritiousfoods.(8)Second,peoplehaverealizedtheimportanceofabalanceddiettotheirhealth.(9)Lackofcertainamountofmeatormilk,forexample,willresultinpoorhealth.(l0)Finally,owingtotheeconomicreform,meatandmilk,whichwerescarceinthepast,areproducedinlarge

21、quantities.Althoughmilkandmeatareimportanttooneshealth,eatingtoomuchrichfoodmayresultinobesityandmayotherdiseases.(12)Therefore,peopleshouldnotonlyeatalotofmilkandmeat,butalsoenoughgrain,fruitandvegetableforthesakeoftheirhealth.圖表作文(二)一、圖表作文寫作常識(shí)1、圖形種類及概述法：泛指一份數(shù)據(jù)圖表：adatagraph/chart/diagram/illustrati

22、on/table餅圖：piechart宜方圖或林形圖：barchart/histogram趨勢(shì)曲線圖：linechart/curvediagram表格圖:table流程圖或過(guò)程圖：flowchart/sequencediagram程序圖：processing/proceduresdiagram2、常用的描述用法Thetable/chartdiagram/graphshows(that)Accordingtothetable/chartdiagram/graphAs(is)showninthetable/chartdiagram/graphAscanbeseenfromthetable/char

23、t/diagram/graph/figures,ligures/statisticsshows(that)Itcanbeseenfromthefigures/statisticsWecanseefromthefigures/statistiesIlisclearfromthefigures/statisticsItisapparentfromthefigures/statisticstable/chart/diagram/graphfigures(that)table/chart/diagram/graphshows/describes/illustrateshow3、圖表中的數(shù)據(jù)(Data)

24、具體表達(dá)法數(shù)據(jù)(Data)在某一個(gè)時(shí)間段I古I定不變：fixedintime在一系列的時(shí)間段中轉(zhuǎn)變：changesovertime持續(xù)變化的data在不同情況下：增加:increase/raise/rise/goup卩成少:decrease/growdown/drop/fall波動(dòng):fluctuate/rebound/undulate/wave$急定:remainstable/stabilize/leveloil.最常用的兩種表達(dá)法：動(dòng)詞+副詞形式(Verb+Adverbform)形容詞+名詞形式(Adjective+Nounform)二、相關(guān)常用詞組1、主章開頭圖表類型：tablechart

25、、diagramgraphcolumnchart、piegraph描述：show、describeillustratecanbeseenfromclear、apparentreveal、represent內(nèi)容：figurestatisticnumberpercentageproportion2、表示數(shù)據(jù)變化的單詞或者詞組rapid/rapidly迅速的，飛快的，險(xiǎn)峻的dramatic/dramatically戲劇性的，生動(dòng)的significant/significantly有意義的，重大的，重要的sharp/sharply銳利的，明顯的，急劇的steep/steeply急劇升降的steady/

26、steadily穩(wěn)固的，堅(jiān)定不移的gradual/gradually漸進(jìn)的，逐漸的slow/slowly緩慢的，不活躍的slight/slightly輕微的、略微地stable/stably穩(wěn)定的3、其它在描述中的常用到的詞significantchanges圖中一些較人變化noticeabletrend明顯趨勢(shì)duringthesameperiod在同一時(shí)期grow/grew增長(zhǎng)distribute分布，區(qū)別unequally不相等地inthecaseofadv.在的情況下intermsof/inrespectoiVregarding在方而incontrast相反,大不相同goveminen

27、tpolicy政府政策marketforces市場(chǎng)規(guī)率measuren.尺寸,方法，措施v.估量，調(diào)節(jié)forecastn.先見，預(yù)見v.預(yù)測(cè)三、英語(yǔ)圖表寫作套句精選thctableshowsthechangesinthenumberofovertheperiodfromto該表格描述了在年之年間數(shù)量的變化。thebarchartillustratesthat該柱狀圖展示了thegraphprovidessomeinterestingdataregarding該圖為我們提供了有關(guān)有趣數(shù)據(jù)。thediagramshows（that）該圖向我們展示了thepiegraphdepicts（that）該

28、圓形圖揭示了thisisacuregraphwhichdescribesthetrendof.這個(gè)曲線圖描述T的趨勢(shì)。thefigures/statisticsshow（that）數(shù)據(jù)（字）表明thetreediagramrevealshow該樹型圖向我們揭示了如何thedata/statisticsshow（that）該數(shù)據(jù)（字）可以這樣理解thedata/statistics/figuresleadustotheconclusionthat這些數(shù)擁資料令我們得出結(jié)論1l.asisshown/dernonstrated/exhibitedinthediagram/graph/chart/ta

29、ble.如圖月f示accordingtothechart/figures根據(jù)這些表（數(shù)字）asisshowninthetable如表格所示ascanbeseenfromthediagram,greatchangeshavetakenplacein從圖中可以看出，發(fā)生了巨大變化。fromthetable/chart/diagram/figure,wecanseeclearlythatoritisclear/apparentfromthechartthat從圖表我們可以很清楚（明顯）看到.thisisagraphwhichillustrates這個(gè)圖表向我們展示了thistableshowsthe

30、changingproportionofa&bfromto該表格描述了年到年間a與b的比例關(guān)系。thegraph,presentedinapiechart,showsthegeneraltrendin該圖以圓形圖形式描述了總的趨勢(shì)。thisisacolumnchartshowing這是個(gè)柱型圖，描述了ascanbeseenfromthegraph,thetwocurvesshowthefluctuationof如圖所示，兩條曲線描述了的波動(dòng)情況。2l.overtheperiodfrom.to.the.remainedlevel.在至期間,基本不變。22.intheyearbetweenand在

31、年至!J期間23.inthe3yearsspanningfrom1995through19981995年至1998三年里fromthenon/fromthistimeonwards從那時(shí)起thenumberof.remainedsteady/stablefroin（month/year）to（month/year）。月（年）至月（年）的數(shù)量基本不變。thenumbersharplywentupto數(shù)字急劇上升至thepercentageof.stayedthesamebetween.and至期間的比率維持不變。thefigurespeakedatin（month/year）的數(shù)目在月（年）達(dá)到

32、頂點(diǎn),為thepercentageremainedsteadyat比率維持在thepercentageof.isslightlylarger/smallerthanthatof比例比的比例略高（低）。thereisnotagreatdealofdifterencebetweenand與的區(qū)另U不人。thegraphsshowathreefoldincreaseinthenumberof該圖表表明的44.fromthisyearon,therewasagradualdeclinelreductioninthe,reachingaHgiireof與44.fromthisyearon,therewa

33、sagradualdeclinelreductioninthe,reachingaHgiireof與之間有許多相似(不同)之處a于ba于b有共冋之處。a與b之間的差別在于年急劇上升thedifferencebetweenaandbliesin50(year)witnessed/sawasharprisein開頭段轉(zhuǎn)述題目常用句型Thelinegraphdescribes/illustrates/demonstrates/summarizes/outlines/shows.后而跟名詞或者從句開頭段或者主體段引出數(shù)據(jù)或者趨勢(shì)常用句型Accordingto/Asshownin/Ascanbeseen

34、后而跟圖表的類型Itcanbeseenfrom.后而跟圖表的類型.thatItismanifestfrom.后而跟圖表的類型.that表示上升的動(dòng)詞Goup(wentup)/rise(rose)/grow(grew)/increase(increased)/ascend(ascended),M:中rise和increase也經(jīng)常作名詞,grow-growth表示急劇上升的動(dòng)詞Jump(jumped)/surge(surged)/shootup(shotup)/soar(soared)其中surge也可以做名詞表示下降的動(dòng)詞Decline/fall/drop/sink/dip/decrease/

35、descend,其中decline/fall/drop/decrease也經(jīng)常做名詞表示急劇下降的動(dòng)詞Plummet/plunge表示速度快的形容詞Sharp/dramatic/drastic/rapid/precipitous/steep副詞力口-ly表示幅度大的形容詞Marked/substantial/significant,副詞加ly表示緩慢,逐漸的形容詞Gradual/steady/gentle/slow,副詞加ly表示小幅度的形容詞Modest/moderate/slight,副詞加-ly表示波動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞Fluctuate,不及物動(dòng)詞，名詞fluctuation表示穩(wěn)定在一個(gè)水平上的

36、動(dòng)詞Leveloffat/leveloutat/hoverat/stabilizeat/reachedaplateauat表示達(dá)到最高的動(dòng)詞Peakat/reachthehighestpointat,peak也可以做名詞表示達(dá)到最低的動(dòng)詞Reachthebottomat/thelowestpointat/bottomoutat,bottom也可以做名詞表示經(jīng)歷了某種變化的及物動(dòng)詞Experience/witness/see表示達(dá)到了多少數(shù)量的及物動(dòng)詞或詞組Reach/arriveat/amountto/hit/register/standat表示占.（后而跟百分?jǐn)?shù)或數(shù)字）的及物動(dòng)詞或詞組Acc

37、ountfor/represent/constitute/makeup表示數(shù)抓由某兒個(gè)部分組成的既無(wú)動(dòng)詞或者詞組Aiscomposedof/comprise/ismadeupof/consistsofB,CandD.注意和include區(qū)別表示對(duì)未來(lái)數(shù)字的預(yù)測(cè)的及物動(dòng)詞Project/predict/forecast表示吩別”的副詞Respectivelyinthe2004Olympics,ChinaandRussiawonXandYgoldmedalsrespectively.表示“大約”的副詞或者詞組About,around,approximately,roughly,justover,j

38、ustunder圖表作文（三）作文1DIRECTIONS:A.Studythefollowinggraphscarefullyandwriteanessayinatleast15（）words.B.YouressaymustbewrittenclearlyontheANSWERSHEETII.C.Youressayshouldcoverthesethreepoints:1.effectofthecountrysgrowinghumanpopulationonitswildlifepossiblereasonfortheeffectyoursuggestionforwildlifeprotect

39、ion5:zoJ、=slioMdxcXXX?-z26()24()22()200l)16()14()120l(X)W)6040200ISPOPILATIONCJROWTHOXEKTIMEvssmll-EXIINCIIONOVERTIMEHAH5:zoJ、=slioMdxcXXX?-z26()24()22()200l)16()14()120l(X)W)6040200ISPOPILATIONCJROWTHOXEKTIMEvssmll-EXIINCIIONOVERTIMEHAH【段落類型分析】第一段第二段第三段圖畫/圖表描述段原因闡釋段建議措施段【參考范文一】Fromthesegraphs,wecan

40、drawaconclusionthat,withthegrowthofhumanpopulation,thenumberofspecieshasdecreasedrapidlyinAmerica,andsomespecieshaveevenvanishedfromourplanet.TherearenumerousreasonsaccountingforthephenomenonandIwouldliketoexploreafewofthemostimportantoneshere.Aboveall,asthehumanpopulationgrowsrapidly,agrowingnumber

41、ofpeoplecametolivewheresomewildspecieshavebeenliving.Thenthesespecieshavetomovetootherplaces.Someofthemprobablycannotadapttothenewenvironmentanddie.Inaddition,althoughmanypeoplelookonthewildlifeastheirfriends,somepeoplemaynotthinkso.Theycatchalotofwildanimalsandselltheminordertogetmoremoney.Conseque

42、ntly,thenaturalbalanceandtheecologicenvironmentaredestroyed.Theclearcuttinghasbecomeincreasinglyserious.Sosomeofthewildlifebecomehomelessandextinc匸Inordertoprotectthewildlife,Ihavesomesuggestions.First,thegovernmentsshouldmakelawstopreventthemfrombeingcaughtandkilled.Second,thegovernmentsshouldeduca

43、tepeopletolovenatureandprotectit.Third,asforourselves,weshouldtakepracticalactionstoprotectourlivingenvironment.(210words)【參考范文二】ThetwochartsshowthattheincreaseintheU.S.populationhasbeenaccompaniedbyacorrespondingdeclineinthenumberofwildlifespecies.Fartoomanyspecieshavebeenlostalready.Thisposesadang

44、ertotheecologicalbalance.Asthehumanpopulationexpands,wildanimalsinmountingnumbersarehuntedforfood,orbecausetheyarethoughttopresentathreattoman.Butstudiesshowthatoneoftheprimarycausesofthedisappearanceofwildlifeispollution,whichisoneoftheconsequencesofpopulationgrowthandeconomicdevelopment.Thismakesu

45、swonderifmenareabletosharethisplanetinhannonywithotherlifeforms.Inmyopinion,itisimperativeforustotakestepstoreversethedisturbingtrendillustratedinthechails.Onemeasurewouldbetoforbidthebuildingofcitiesinareaswherewildlifeisthreatenedwithextinction.But,moreimportantly,menmustlearntostoppollutingtheenv

46、ironment,orhehimselfwillbeextinct.(167words)【參考范文三】Asisseenfromthetwographs,itisclearthatwiththerapidgrowthofU.S.populationfrom1800to1990,thenumberofitswildlifespeciesnolongerexistingsoaredduringthesameperiod.Naturally,wecandrawtheconclusionthatthesharpdeclineofwildlifespeciesresultedfromthepopulati

47、ongrowth.Severalreasonsmayaccountforthisphenomenon.Tobeginwith,asthepopulationgrows,peopleconsumemuchmorenaturalresources.Second,withtheincreaseofhumanactivities,modempeopletakeupmoreandmorespacewhichexertsagreatinfluenceonotherspecies.Finally,theproblemofpollutionbecomesmoreandmoreseriouswiththedev

48、elopmentofmodemindustry.Moreandmoreanimalshavetoadaptthemselvestothedecayingenvironmentormovetoatotallydifferentplace,butnotallofthemarefortunateenoughtosurvivethechanges.Solvingthisproblemcallsfor,aboveall,thegovemmenfseffortstocontrolpopulationgrowth,todecreaseindustrialpollutionandtoenhancethelaw

49、stoforbidwildlifehunting.Moreover,commoncitizensshouldbeawareofthisecologicalcrisisandtakeontheresponsibilityofwildlifeprotection.Inaword,onlywhenthegovernmentandthecommonpeoplemakejointeffortscanwehopetofindasatisfactorysolutiontothisproblem.(216words)作文2圖略Thelinegraphillustrateshowthenumberofpeopl

50、eusingaLondonundergroundstationfluctuatesoverthecourseof16hours(6amto10pm).Aswecanseefromthegraph,at6amthenumberofpeopleatthestationstandsatonlylOO.Thenumbershootsupoverthenexttwohours,peakingat4(X)at8am.Thenthenumberdescendsdrasticallyfortwohours,bottomingoutat18()atlOam.TheperiodbetweenlOoclockand

51、12o*clockwitnessesamoderategrowthinthenumberofpeopleinthestation,withthenumberreaching280atmidday.Numbersinthefollowingtwohoursstabilizeatjustunder30()people.Thenthenumberplummetstoonly100from2pmto4pm.Thenthenexttwohoursseeadramaticriseagain,with6pmregistering38()people.After6pm,thenumberdipsagain,r

52、eachingthelowestpointof130at8pm.Theperiodfrom8pmto10pmexperiencesaslightrise,butthenthenumberofpeopledeclinesagainfrom180at9pmto135at10pm.Thislinegraphclearlydemonstratesthatrushhoursintheearlymorningandtheearlyeveningareperiodswhenthestationisusedbythemostpeople.作文3Thediagramillustratesinfourstages

53、therecoveryoftheforestsinYellowstoneNationalParkafteradevastatingforestfire.Inthefirstpicture,whiletheoldforestsstillexist,theydropbadwoodtothesoilunderthem,whichrendersthesoilmorefertile.Thenlightningandfirestrike,destroyingtheforestscompletely.Andthegrowthofnewforestsstartsrightatthispoint.Theseco

54、ndpicturedemonstratesthatinthefirst50yearsafterthedevastatingfire,saplingsgrowinbuildwhiledescendinoverallnumber.Inthenexttwocenturies,theyoungtreescontinuetothriveinYellowstone,becauseofthefertilesoilandtheamplesunlight.Then,threehundredyearsafterthefire,thenumberoftreesdeclinetoroughlythesameasthe

55、oldforests.Thesefivepicturesshowusthatittakesaslongasthreecenturiesforadestroyedforesttofullyrecover.Further,theyvividlyexplaintousthenaturallawofsurvivalofthefittest”.Thenumberoftreesthataregioncansupportisnotlimitless,whichmeanstheforestsonearthwillnotbeaninexhaustibleresource.作文4Thetablebelowgive

56、sinformationaboutchangesinmodesoftravelinEnglandbetween1985and2000.Summarisetheinformationbyselectingandreportingthemainfeatures,andmakecomparisonswhererelevant.Averagedistanceinmilestravelledperpersonperyearrbymodeoftravel19852000Walking255237Bicycle5141Car39g4806Localbus429274Longdistancebus54124T

57、rain289366Taxi1342Other450585Allmodes4J406,475范文1ThetableindicatesthenumberofmilesbytheaverageEnglishpersonin1985and2000,usingvariousmeansoftransport.Thenumberofmileswalked,cycledandtravelledbylocalbusalldecreased.Ofthese,thenumberofmilestravelledbylocalbusdecreasedthemost,from429milesin1985to274mil

58、esin2000.Thenumberofmilestravelledbycarongdistancebus,trainandtaxiallincreased.Thenumberofmilesdrivenbycarwas3,199in1985androseby5()%to4,806in2000.Thenumberofmilestravelledbylongdistancebusmorethandoubledfrom54miles(1985)to124miles(2000).Thenumberofmilesdrivenbytaxitrebledfrom13miles(1985)to42miles(

59、2000).Theuseofother,unspecified,foimsoftransportalsoincreased.Overall,thenumberofmilestravelledbytheaverageEnglishpersonrosefrom4,740milesin1985to6,475milesin2000,withtheincreaseofcarsaccountingforalmostallofthatincrease173words)范文2ThetabledemonstrateshowdifferentmodesoftravelchangedinEnglandin15yea

60、rsspanningfrom1985to2()()0.Ingeneral,themodesareclassifiedintotwokindsintermsofaveragemilestravelledperpersonperyear:oneenjoyedrisingpopularitywhiletheotherdecreasing.Thetravelmodeswhichgainedpopularityintheperiodincludedcars,longdistancebuses,trains,taxisandothers.Carsremainedtopamongthemodesinthe1