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1、語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)課件(可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞)初中英語(yǔ)冀教版2022/9/29初中英語(yǔ)冀教版2022/9/272022/9/292022/9/272.1 規(guī)則變化2022/9/292.1 規(guī)則變化2022/9/272.2 不規(guī)則變化 改變名詞中的元音字母或其他形式 foot feet, tooth teeth, goose geese man men, woman women, child children, mouse mice單復(fù)數(shù)同形詞 deer, sheep, fish等 由漢語(yǔ)音譯表示度量、幣值等單位量詞,如:five yuan2022/9/292.2 不規(guī)則變化 改變名詞中的元音字母或其他形

2、式單復(fù)2.2 不規(guī)則變化 表示某國(guó)人的名詞復(fù)數(shù)變化: 口訣記憶中日不變英法變,其余s加后面。2022/9/292.2 不規(guī)則變化 表示某國(guó)人的名詞復(fù)數(shù)變化: 口訣記憶2.3 復(fù)合名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式2022/9/292.3 復(fù)合名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式2022/9/271)可數(shù)名詞有單、復(fù)數(shù)之分。例:a bird 一只鳥;many birds 很多只鳥2)可數(shù)名詞可以直接用不定冠詞a/an、數(shù)詞或many, some, any, a lot of, lots of等修飾。例:an apple ;three chairs ; some students2022/9/291)可數(shù)名詞有單、復(fù)數(shù)之分。例:a bir

3、d 一只鳥;manThere is a pen on the desk. 桌子上有一支鋼筆。There are many students in the classroom. 教室里有很多學(xué)生。3) 可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式;復(fù)數(shù)形式或兩個(gè)(或兩個(gè)以上)單數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。4) 在特殊疑問(wèn)句中,用how many修飾可數(shù)名詞。例:How many pens do you have? 你有多少支鋼筆?2022/9/29There is a pen on the desk. 桌子3) 不能用不定冠詞a/an或數(shù)詞直接修飾。若要表示數(shù)量,則需要借助一定的單位詞來(lái)

4、表示。2022/9/293) 不能用不定冠詞a/an或數(shù)詞直接修飾。若要表示數(shù)量,則4) 特殊疑問(wèn)句中,對(duì)不可數(shù)名詞前的修飾語(yǔ)提問(wèn),用how much。例:How much milk is there in the glass? 玻璃杯中有多少牛奶?5) 有些名詞既可以作可數(shù)名詞,又可以作不可數(shù)名詞。但它們的漢語(yǔ)意思有差別。例: fish 魚(可數(shù)),魚肉(不可數(shù)); chicken 小雞(可數(shù)),雞肉(不可數(shù)); glass 玻璃杯(可數(shù)),玻璃(不可數(shù))。2022/9/294) 特殊疑問(wèn)句中,對(duì)不可數(shù)名詞前的修飾語(yǔ)提問(wèn),用how m 名詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)一般用單數(shù)形式。 例:an apple tr

5、ee蘋果樹; three apple trees 三棵蘋果樹 但是man和woman作定語(yǔ)時(shí),它們的單復(fù)數(shù)要和后面被修飾 的詞保持一致。 例:two women teachers 兩位女教師名詞作定語(yǔ)2022/9/29 名詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)一般用單數(shù)形式。名詞作定語(yǔ)2022可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞前都可以用some, any, a lot of, lots of 等來(lái)修飾,表示“一些,許多”,被稱為“萬(wàn)能詞”。例:There are some oranges on the desk. 桌子上有一些桔子。There is a lot of water in the bottle. 瓶里有許多水。但是,man

6、y, few, a few 只能修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式; much, little, a little只能修飾不可數(shù)名詞。萬(wàn)能詞2022/9/29可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞前都可以用some, any, a lo不可數(shù)名詞沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式,表示量的時(shí)候需要借助于“數(shù)詞/冠詞+量詞+of+不可數(shù)名詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表示。注意:1)量詞可以是單數(shù)也可以是復(fù)數(shù)。 2)量詞如果是復(fù)數(shù)形式,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞則用復(fù)數(shù)。例:There are two glasses of milk on the table. 桌子上有兩杯牛奶。不可數(shù)名詞的“量”2022/9/29不可數(shù)名詞沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式,表示量的時(shí)候需要借助于“數(shù)詞/冠詞+【典例1

7、】 What do you have for breakfast? I often have_ and _. A. breads; eggs B. bread; egg C. breads; egg D. bread; eggs 考查可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。bread為不可數(shù)名詞,沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式,而egg為可數(shù)名詞,在句中應(yīng)變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)。句意:我經(jīng)常吃面包和雞蛋。故選D。2022/9/29【典例1】考查可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。bread為不可數(shù)名詞,【典例2】British people eat_ a lot, and theyre usually cooked in different ways.A.

8、 chicken B. beef C. fish D. potatoes考查可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。根據(jù)句中的“theyre”可知,應(yīng)選復(fù)數(shù)名詞,而chicken, beef, fish都是不可數(shù)名詞。故選D。2022/9/29【典例2】考查可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。根據(jù)句中的“theyr【典例3】There are a lot of _ in our school. They work very hard. A. woman teachers B. women teachers C. womans teachers D. woman teacher考查可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。 woman和man在句

9、中作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞時(shí),它們的單復(fù)數(shù)要和后面名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致。故選B。2022/9/29【典例3】考查可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。 woman和man在句語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)課件(現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí))2022/9/29語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)課件2022/9/27現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)是表示現(xiàn)在、說(shuō)話瞬間或當(dāng)前正在做著的動(dòng)作。2022/9/29現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)是表示現(xiàn)在、說(shuō)話瞬間或當(dāng)前正在做著的動(dòng)作。2022知識(shí)定位時(shí)態(tài)形式動(dòng)名詞肯定否定疑問(wèn)使用條件標(biāo)志詞變化規(guī)則能力要求2022/9/29知識(shí)定位時(shí)態(tài)動(dòng)名詞肯定使用條件標(biāo)志詞變化規(guī)則能力要求2022否定形式問(wèn)句形式主語(yǔ) + be not doing sth. be + 主語(yǔ) + doing 主語(yǔ) + b

10、e doing sth.Lily is doing her homework now.Lily is not doing her homework now.Is Lily doing her homework now?肯定形式2022/9/29否定形式問(wèn)句形式主語(yǔ) + be not doing sth.1) 表示現(xiàn)在( 指說(shuō)話人說(shuō)話時(shí)) 正在發(fā)生的事情。 Whats your brother doing now? 你弟弟在做什么? He is flying a kite. 他在放風(fēng)箏。2022/9/291) 表示現(xiàn)在( 指說(shuō)話人說(shuō)話時(shí)) Whats you2)習(xí)慣進(jìn)行:表示長(zhǎng)期的或重復(fù)性的動(dòng)作

11、,說(shuō)話時(shí)動(dòng)作未必正在進(jìn)行。The number is getting bigger and bigger.數(shù)字在逐漸變大。2022/9/292)習(xí)慣進(jìn)行:表示長(zhǎng)期的或重復(fù)性的動(dòng)作,說(shuō)話時(shí)動(dòng)作未必正在進(jìn)3)表示反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或持續(xù)存在的狀態(tài),往往帶有說(shuō)話人的主觀色彩。He is always thinking of others. 他總是想著別人。(表贊揚(yáng))2022/9/293)表示反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或持續(xù)存在的狀態(tài),往往帶有說(shuō)話人的主觀2022/9/292022/9/27有些表示位移的動(dòng)詞,如,go, become, leave, fly, move, start, arrive, return.

12、等,通常用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表示將來(lái)的含義。Next month my family is moving to Beijing.下個(gè)月,我家就要搬到北京去了。My aunt is leaving for Shanghai at eleven oclock tomorrow morning. 明天上午十一點(diǎn)我姑姑將去上海。2022/9/29有些表示位移的動(dòng)詞,如,go, become, leave,(1)一般句中用到表示“在現(xiàn)在”的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),如:now, right now, at the moment 或Its+幾點(diǎn)鐘”句型,常判斷用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。Eg:Its six oclock. The chil

13、dren are playing basketball.現(xiàn)在六點(diǎn)鐘了,孩子們正在打籃球。2022/9/29(1)一般句中用到表示“在現(xiàn)在”的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),如:now, (2)句中用到“Listen!” “Look!” “Keep quiet” “Dont make noise!”等提示語(yǔ)時(shí),表明說(shuō)話間另一個(gè)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行,這時(shí),句子也要用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。Eg:Keep quiet ! The teachers are talking in the office.安靜!老師正在辦公室里談話。 2022/9/29(2)句中用到“Listen!” “Look!” “Ke(3)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)常用來(lái)表示在當(dāng)前一直做著

14、的動(dòng)詞,這時(shí)句中常用these days ,all the time等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。Eg: These days, uncle Wang is building a small room for his dog. 這些天,李叔叔正在為他的狗建一個(gè)小房子。2022/9/29(3)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)常用來(lái)表示在當(dāng)前一直做著的動(dòng)詞,這時(shí)句中常用(4) 通過(guò)上下文句義,表明某一動(dòng)作是現(xiàn)在或說(shuō)話瞬間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,這個(gè)句子也要用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。Eg: Where is Tom? 湯姆在哪兒? He is running on the playground . 他正在操上想跑步。2022/9/29(4) 通過(guò)上下文句義,表

15、明某一動(dòng)作是現(xiàn)在或說(shuō)話瞬間發(fā)生的動(dòng)(5)表示狀態(tài)和感覺(jué)的詞,一般不能用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài),因?yàn)樗麄儾荒鼙硎菊谶M(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。Eg:Look! The boat looks like a duck.看!這只船像只鴨子。2022/9/29(5)表示狀態(tài)和感覺(jué)的詞,一般不能用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài),因?yàn)樗麄儾荒芸疾楝F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)。根據(jù)“直、去、雙、變”原則:talk-talking; play-playing。進(jìn)行時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)是be + v-ing?!镜淅?】用詞語(yǔ)的正確形式填空 (1) Listen, Mr. Wu on the phone (talk). (2) I soccer now. Im walking. (n

16、ot play)is talkingam not playing2022/9/29考查現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)。根據(jù)“直、去、雙、變”原則:talk-考查現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)。根據(jù)題意: (1) 表示“習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作”適用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí); (2) 表示此時(shí)此刻正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,適用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。 (3) We_(go)to school at 7:30 in the morning . (4) Listen! Lucy _(sing )now.gois singing2022/9/29考查現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)。根據(jù)題意: (1) 表示“ (5) Is your father at home? Ye

17、s ,he is. He a TV show (watch) (6)They to go to the shop now. (want ) (7) you for your friends? (wait) No, Im not.is watchingwantAre waiting考查現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)。根據(jù)“直、去、雙、變”原則:watch-watching, wait-waiting。進(jìn)行時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)是be + v-ing。 (4)中表示某人的意愿,不用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。 2022/9/29 (5) Is your father at home?【典例2】Look! Tom _ TV happily o

18、n the sofa. A. watch B. watches C. watching D. is watching考查現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。look是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞,現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)為be + v-ing,所以只有答案D符合。2022/9/29【典例2】Look! Tom _ TV happilbe動(dòng)詞的用法 am is are2022/9/29be動(dòng)詞的用法 am is be動(dòng)詞的種類be動(dòng)詞包括“am”, “is”, “are”三種形式。第一人稱單數(shù)(I)配合am來(lái)用。句型解析析:I am+I am Snoopy.I am ten years old. I am a student. I am

19、 a boy.2022/9/29be動(dòng)詞的種類be動(dòng)詞包括“am”, “is”, “are”be動(dòng)詞的種類第二人稱(You)配合are使用。句型解析:You are+You are my good friend. You are a good person.You are beautiful.2022/9/29be動(dòng)詞的種類第二人稱(You)配合are使用。You arbe動(dòng)詞的種類第三人稱單數(shù)(He or She or It)配合is使用。句型解析:She(He, It) is +She is a good girl.She is so cute.She is tender.2022/9/2

20、9be動(dòng)詞的種類第三人稱單數(shù)(He or She or It)be動(dòng)詞的種類人稱復(fù)數(shù) (we /you/they)配合are使用。句型解析:We (You, They) are +We are in Class 5,Grade 7.They are my friends.You are good students.2022/9/29be動(dòng)詞的種類人稱復(fù)數(shù) (we /you/they)配合ar綜合解析當(dāng)使用be動(dòng)詞的時(shí)候,前面請(qǐng)先加上第幾人稱。be動(dòng)詞前面的人稱,是不可隨意替換的。例如:I am, You are, She is,并不會(huì)出現(xiàn)I is, You am, She are 這樣的情形。

21、2022/9/29綜合解析當(dāng)使用be動(dòng)詞的時(shí)候,前面請(qǐng)先加上第幾人2022/9Be的用法口訣 I用am;you,we ,they 都 用are, is連著he,she,it;單數(shù)名詞用is,復(fù)數(shù)名詞全用are。 變疑問(wèn),往前提,句末問(wèn)號(hào)莫丟棄。 變否定,更容易,be后not莫忘記。 疑問(wèn)否定任你變,句首大寫莫遲疑 2022/9/29Be的用法口訣 I用am;you,we ,they 都用動(dòng)詞am, is, are填空(請(qǐng)注意大小寫)1. Where _ Ann? She _ here.2. How old _ you? I _ thirteen.3. _ you Mr Read? Yes, I

22、 _.4. What _ your name? My name _ Fang Fang.5. What grade _ you in? I _ in Grade Two.isareamisAreisamisaream2022/9/29用動(dòng)詞am, is, are填空(請(qǐng)注意大小寫)isarea1._Iateacherinamiddleschool? 2._youaworkerorastudent? 3.She_Lilyssister. 4._thestudentfromAmerica? 5.Thesebooks_mine(我的). They_Mary s(Mary的). 用動(dòng)詞am, is,

23、are填空AmAreisIsarentare2022/9/291._Iateacherinamiddl人稱代詞和物主代詞2022/9/29人稱代詞和物主代詞2022/9/27代詞填空:weyouyouhe/ it/ shemeyouhim/it/herthemmyouryourtheir2022/9/29代詞填空:weyouyouhe/ itmeyouhim/it一、按要求寫出下列代詞的形式 I (賓格)_ 2. he (形容詞性物主代詞) _ 3. us(主格)_4、they(賓格)_ 5. she(賓格) _ 6、you(名詞性物主代詞)_ 7、it(賓格)_ 8、him(復(fù)數(shù))_ 9、h

24、er(形容詞性物主代詞)_ 10、my(復(fù)數(shù))_ 11、they(名詞性物主代詞) _ 12. we(單數(shù))_ mehiswethemheryoursitthemherourtheirsI 2022/9/29一、按要求寫出下列代詞的形式 mehiswethemhery13me(主格)_14you(形容詞性物主代詞)_15he(名詞性物主代詞)_16her(人稱代詞主格)_ 17our(人稱代詞主格)_18they(形容詞詞性物主代詞)_19their(人稱代詞主格)_20me(名詞性物主代詞)_21. his(人稱代詞賓格)_22this(復(fù)數(shù))_23those(單數(shù))_24who(所有格)_

25、I yourwehisthatshetheyhimthesetheirmine whose 2022/9/2913me(主格)_I yourwehisthatsh二. 從括號(hào)內(nèi)選擇正確的代詞填空Your football clothes are on the desk.Please put _(they,them,their, theirs) away. (請(qǐng)把它們收起來(lái)吧。)2. (We,Us,Our,Ours)_ English teacher is Mrs. Green. We all like _(she,her,hers).3. (I,Me,My,Mine)_ cant get my

26、 kite.Could you help _(I,me,my,mine)?2022/9/29二. 從括號(hào)內(nèi)選擇正確的代詞填空2022/9/274. Tom cant get down from the tree.Can you help _(he,him,his)?5. Her kite is broken(壞了). Can _ ( you,your,yours ) mend(修理) it?6. We cant find our bikes. Can you help _(we,us,our,ours)?7. These are _( he,him,his ) planes. The whit

27、e ones are _ ( I,me,mine, my ).2022/9/294. Tom cant get down from the二. 將下列句中漢語(yǔ)譯為英語(yǔ):1Where is_(你們的)room?2_(你)can go to ask _(他們)3. Is _(他的bike new? _ (我的)is new4Where is _(我的)eraser?5Put on _(你的)sweater.6“_(誰(shuí))is it?” Its_(我)”7. Its time to go to school. Let _(我們)go8_(她)is an English girl. _(她的)name

28、is Lucy9_(誰(shuí)的)eraser is that ? 10This knife isnt _(她的) Its _(他的)yourYouthemhisMinemyyourWho meusShe His Whose hershis2022/9/29二. 將下列句中漢語(yǔ)譯為英語(yǔ):yourYouthemhisM語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)課件(基數(shù)詞)初中英語(yǔ)冀教版七年級(jí)下冊(cè)2022/9/29初中英語(yǔ)冀教版七年級(jí)下冊(cè)2022/9/27Part語(yǔ)法透析考點(diǎn)大觀易錯(cuò)辨析通關(guān)訓(xùn)練2022/9/29Part語(yǔ)法透析考點(diǎn)大觀2022/9/27語(yǔ)法透視表示數(shù)目的詞稱為基數(shù)詞。其形式如下:1)112, 獨(dú)立成詞。one two

29、three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve2022/9/29語(yǔ)法透視表示數(shù)目的詞稱為基數(shù)詞。其形式如下:2022/9/2語(yǔ)法透視2)13-19, 由39 + teen構(gòu)成。14fourteen 16-sixteen 17-seventeen 19nineteen 特殊拼寫: 13 thirteen 15-fifteen 18eighteen 3)2090, 以-ty結(jié)尾。20twenty 30-thirty 40forty 50fifty 80-eighty 60-sixty 70-seventy 90ninety 2022/9

30、/29語(yǔ)法透視2)13-19, 由39 + teen構(gòu)成。語(yǔ)法透視4)2199, 兩位數(shù),十位與個(gè)位之間有 “”。twenty-one 55 fifty-five 99 ninety-nine5)101999,三位數(shù),百位與十位/個(gè)位之間加and。101 one hundred and one840 eight hundred and forty693 six hundred and ninety-three2022/9/29語(yǔ)法透視4)2199, 兩位數(shù),十位與個(gè)位之間有 “”。語(yǔ)法透視6) 1,000以上數(shù)目,從右向左每三位用“,”分開,分別讀為thousand , million, bi

31、llion 29,43150076,thousandhundredmillionbillionand2022/9/29語(yǔ)法透視6) 1,000以上數(shù)目,從右向左每三位用“,”分語(yǔ)法透視1、表示具體數(shù)目,hundred, thousand, million不用復(fù)數(shù)。表示不確定數(shù)目,用復(fù)數(shù)。即hundreds of(數(shù)百),thousands of(數(shù)千), millions of(數(shù)百萬(wàn))+ 名詞復(fù)數(shù),可以用many/several修飾,但不能與具體數(shù)目連用。1) Our country has a population of 1,300 million people. 2) There are

32、 three thousand students in our school.3) After the war, thousands of people became homeless.4) Several / Many thousands of trees must be planted every year.2022/9/29語(yǔ)法透視1、表示具體數(shù)目,hundred, thousand語(yǔ)法透視3、“基數(shù)詞+名詞” 的合成形容詞作定語(yǔ),中間有連字符“”,當(dāng)中的名詞用單數(shù)。 a 3 year old girl a seven-day holiday 4、表計(jì)量- “基數(shù)詞+度量單位+形容詞”。

33、 The classroom is 7 meters long, 6 meters wide and 3 meters high.2022/9/29語(yǔ)法透視3、“基數(shù)詞+名詞” 的合成形容詞作定語(yǔ),中間有連字語(yǔ)法透視1)順讀法-先時(shí)后分, “幾點(diǎn)幾分” 9:30 nine thirty 6:21 six twenty-one 2)逆讀法-先分后時(shí) 表示“幾點(diǎn)過(guò)幾分”,半小時(shí)以內(nèi),介詞用past 分鐘數(shù)+past +鐘點(diǎn)數(shù) 10:10 ten past ten 8:20 twenty past eight表示“幾點(diǎn)差幾分”,半小時(shí)以上,介詞用to 60減原分鐘+ to + (下一個(gè))鐘點(diǎn)數(shù) 9:

34、50 ten to ten 7:40 twenty to eight2022/9/29語(yǔ)法透視1)順讀法-先時(shí)后分, “幾點(diǎn)幾分” 2)逆讀語(yǔ)法透視3) 15分鐘:a quarter 30分鐘:a half 9:15 a quarter past nine 12:30 half past twelve2022/9/29語(yǔ)法透視3) 15分鐘:a quarter 30分鐘【解析】該題考查的是數(shù)詞的用法。句意為“一周九百英鎊?那不錯(cuò)啊。”Nine hundred是一個(gè)具體的數(shù)量,這是數(shù)詞不能用復(fù)數(shù)形式,后面也不能加of。所以應(yīng)選D。語(yǔ)法透視解析Nine _ pounds a week? Thats

35、 very good.A. hundred of B. hundreds ofC. hundreds D. hundredNext2022/9/29【解析】該題考查的是數(shù)詞的用法。句意為“一周九百英鎊?那不錯(cuò)The number 2,564 is written as_.two thousand five hundred and sixty-fourtwo thousand five hundred sixty-fourtwo thousand five hundred and sixty fourtwo thousands five hundreds and sixty-four【解析】數(shù)詞

36、thousand前有具體數(shù)字修飾,表示確定數(shù)目,thousand用單數(shù)形式,故排除B/D;表示幾十幾時(shí),十位數(shù)和個(gè)位數(shù)之間需加連字符“-”,所以答案選A。語(yǔ)法透視解析2022/9/29The number 2,564 is written as考點(diǎn)大觀易錯(cuò)辨析通關(guān)訓(xùn)練語(yǔ)法透視2022/9/29考點(diǎn)大觀語(yǔ)法透視2022/9/27語(yǔ)法透視1.用來(lái)描述在過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)候發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。2.也用來(lái)表示在過(guò)去某段時(shí)間里經(jīng)常發(fā)生的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。I got up at 7:00 yesterday. 昨天我是七點(diǎn)起床的。My father was at work yesterday afternoon.昨

37、天下午我爸爸在工作。2022/9/29語(yǔ)法透視1.用來(lái)描述在過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)候發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。2語(yǔ)法透視2022/9/29語(yǔ)法透視2022/9/27語(yǔ)法透視肯定句:主語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式+. 主語(yǔ) + was/were+.否定句:主語(yǔ) + didnt + 動(dòng)詞原形 + . 主語(yǔ) + was/were+ not + .疑問(wèn)句:Did + 主語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞原形 +.? Was/Were+ 主語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞原形 +.? I didnt cleaned my room last week. Did you cleaned your classroom last week?I cleaned my room

38、 last week.2022/9/29語(yǔ)法透視肯定句:主語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式+. I did語(yǔ)法透視2022/9/29語(yǔ)法透視2022/9/27語(yǔ)法透視2022/9/29語(yǔ)法透視2022/9/27語(yǔ)法透視am, iswas areweregowent dodidhavehad comecametaketook saysaideatate seesawgetgot putputsleepslept givegavewritewrote readread/red/2022/9/29語(yǔ)法透視am, iswas 語(yǔ)法透視buybought sitsat swim swam makemade feelf

39、elt hearheard growgrew telltold knowknew findfoundbeginbegan bring broughtstandstood spendspentcatchcaught teachtaught2022/9/29語(yǔ)法透視buybought sit語(yǔ)法透視動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí),表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的事;be用was或用were, have,has變had;謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式,過(guò)去時(shí)間作標(biāo)志;一般動(dòng)詞加-ed,若是特殊得硬記。否定句很簡(jiǎn)單,主語(yǔ)之后didnt添;疑問(wèn)句也不難,did放在主語(yǔ)前;如果謂語(yǔ)之前有did,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需還原;動(dòng)詞若是was,were,否定就把not添。

40、2022/9/29語(yǔ)法透視動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí),表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的事;2022/9/27語(yǔ)法透視昨天天氣陽(yáng)光燦爛。誤Itweresunnyyesterday正Itwassunnyyesterday析be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式有兩種形式,分別是was和were。was為am,is的過(guò)去式,were為are的過(guò)去式。本句的主語(yǔ)為it,故謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用was。2022/9/29語(yǔ)法透視昨天天氣陽(yáng)光燦爛。2022/9/27語(yǔ)法透視張老師上學(xué)期教我們英語(yǔ)。誤 Mrs Zhang taughts us English last term. 正 Mrs Zhang taught us English last term. 析 單數(shù)第

41、三人稱作主語(yǔ)的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要加-s/es,而實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式無(wú)人稱和數(shù)的變化。 2022/9/29語(yǔ)法透視張老師上學(xué)期教我們英語(yǔ)。2022/9/27語(yǔ)法透視誤-Was Lucy watched TV last night? -Yes, she was. 誤-Did Lucy watched TV last night? -Yes, she did. 正-Did Lucy watch TV last night? -Yes, she did. 析 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為was或were的句子,變一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí),把was或were提到句首,回答時(shí)直接可用was/were;謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)要用助動(dòng)詞d

42、o的過(guò)去式did來(lái)構(gòu)成一般疑問(wèn)句式。實(shí)義動(dòng)詞不用過(guò)去形式要用動(dòng)詞原形,回答時(shí)直接用did。構(gòu)成特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)也是這樣,實(shí)義動(dòng)詞也用動(dòng)詞原形。2022/9/29語(yǔ)法透視誤-Was Lucy watched TV la語(yǔ)法透視1. 十分鐘前他穿上外套出去了。 誤He put on his coat and goes out ten minutes ago 正He put on his coat and went out ten minutes ago析根據(jù)句中的ten minutes ago可知句中的兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞都要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。2.當(dāng)他爸爸回家的時(shí)候,他睡覺(jué)了。 誤When his father go

43、t home , he goes to bed. 正 When his father got home , he went to bed. 析 前后句時(shí)態(tài)要一致,根據(jù)前句中的got可知后句的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。2022/9/29語(yǔ)法透視1. 十分鐘前他穿上外套出去了。 2022/9/2語(yǔ)法透視Next1.get- 2.say- 3.have- 4.be- 5.tell- 6.think-7.write- 8.drive- 9.run-10.read- 11.see- 12.stand- gotsaidhadwas, weretoldthoughtwrotedroveranreadsawsto

44、od2022/9/29語(yǔ)法透視Next1.get- 語(yǔ)法透視NextWe _ (live) in Japan last year.Jack_ (stop) the car last Sunday.Tom _ (clean) my room and _(study) for the Chinese test last weekend.4.What _ you _(do) last night?livedstoppedcleanedstudieddiddo2022/9/29語(yǔ)法透視Nextlivedstoppedcleanedstu語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)課件(頻度副詞)2022/9/292022/9/27202

45、2/9/292022/9/27頻度副詞表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生或狀態(tài)存在的頻率。常用的頻度副詞及頻度副詞短語(yǔ)有:always, usually, often, sometimes, never, once a week, every day等。對(duì)頻度副詞或頻度副詞短語(yǔ)提問(wèn)時(shí),用how often,表示“多久一次”。2022/9/29頻度副詞表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生或狀態(tài)存在的頻率。常用的頻度副詞及頻度副模糊頻度副詞always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever, never精確頻度副詞every day, once a week, twice a month, three

46、 times a year2022/9/29模糊頻度副詞精確頻度副詞2022/9/27alwaysneverusuallyoftensometimesseldom02022/9/29alwaysneverusuallyoftensometimalways的頻度是100%,意為“總是;永遠(yuǎn)地”。usually的頻度是70%左右,意為“通常;平?!?。often的頻度是50%左右,意為“常?!薄ometimes的頻度是20%左右,意為“有時(shí)”。hardly的頻度是5%左右,意為“幾乎不;簡(jiǎn)直不”。never的頻度是0,意為“從來(lái)不;永不”。2022/9/29always的頻度是100%,意為“總是

47、;永遠(yuǎn)地”。usua1) always表示的頻率為100%,意思是總是、 一直、始終。 I always do my cleaning on Sundays. 我總是在星期天打掃衛(wèi)生。2022/9/291) always表示的頻率為100%,意思是總是、 一2)usually與always相比,表示的頻率要低些,約為70%-80%。意思是通常。Plants are usually green. 植物通常是綠色的。Usually she goes to work by bus. 她通常乘公共汽車去上班。 2022/9/292)usually與always相比,表示的頻率要低些,約為3)often

48、的頻率比usually又略低些,約為60%-70%,意思是經(jīng)常、常常。Do you often write to them? 你常給他們寫信嗎? Does Fred come here often? 弗雷德常來(lái)這兒?jiǎn)幔?2022/9/293)often的頻率比usually又略低些,約為60%-74)sometimes的頻率比often又低些,約為50%sometimes30%,意思是“有時(shí)、不時(shí)”。Jenny usually eats a sandwich for lunch. Sometimes she eats soup.珍妮經(jīng)常午飯吃一個(gè)三明治。但她有時(shí)候喝湯。2022/9/294)s

49、ometimes的頻率比often又低些,約為50%6)never與always完全相反,是100%否定,意思是“從不,決不,絕不,總是不“。I can never stop. 我絕不會(huì)停止。Li Ming never wears dresses. 李明從不穿裙子。2022/9/296)never與always完全相反,是100%否定,意思是通常頻率副詞放在實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前, be動(dòng)詞,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞之后。但是sometimes最活躍。它既可以在句中也可以在句首,還能在句末。2022/9/29通常頻率副詞放在實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前, be動(dòng)詞,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞之She is always ready to

50、 help others. (be動(dòng)詞后)My parents have never been to Beijing.(助動(dòng)詞后)We often go there. (實(shí)義動(dòng)詞前)Sometimes she writes to me.(句首或句尾)2022/9/29She is always ready to help ot1. often, always, usually等通常和一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)連用,表示現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。例:It often rains here in April. 這兒四月份常下雨。2022/9/291. often, always, usually等通常和一2.al

51、ways與進(jìn)行時(shí)連用時(shí),并不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行,而是表示贊嘆、厭煩等情緒。例:He is always thinking of others. 他總是想著別人。As a boy, he was always making trouble.他小時(shí)候總是惹是生非。(表贊揚(yáng))(表厭煩)2022/9/292.always與進(jìn)行時(shí)連用時(shí),并不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行,而是表3. 對(duì)頻度副詞提問(wèn)時(shí),用how often。例: I write to my brother sometimes.How often do you write to your brother?2022/9/293. 對(duì)頻度副詞提問(wèn)時(shí),用how

52、 often。例:2022how often與how long/far/soon的用法區(qū)別(多用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí))(多用于完成時(shí))(多用于一般將來(lái)時(shí))2022/9/29how often與how long/far/soon的用法sometimes與some times/some time/sometime2022/9/29sometimes與some times/some timehardly與hard辨析例: Lucy hardly ate anything. 露西幾乎什么都沒(méi)吃。 The ice is hard enough to skate on. 這冰很硬,可以在上面滑。2022/9/29

53、hardly與hard辨析例: Lucy hardly at【典例1】 Zhang lili, “The most beautiful teacher”, is good to her students. Yes, and she is _ popular with her students. A. sometimes B. never C. always D. hardly考查頻度副詞。always總是,sometimes有時(shí),never從不,hardly幾乎不。be popular with 深受的歡迎。根據(jù)題意,答案選C。2022/9/29【典例1】 Zhang lili, “The m

54、ost b【典例2】 Did you go to the cinema to see 3D Titanic last night? No, I _ go to the cinema. The tickets are too expensive. A. hardly B. sometimes C. only D. usually考查頻度副詞。hardly幾乎不,sometimes有時(shí),only僅僅,usually經(jīng)常。由too expensive(太貴)可知,“幾乎不看電影”,所以答案選A。2022/9/29【典例2】 Did you go to the cinem【典例3】 _ is it f

55、rom home to the shopping mall? About fifteen minutes ride. A. How long B. How far C. How often D. How much考查頻度副詞。How long多久,How far多遠(yuǎn),How often多久一次,How much多少錢。根據(jù)About fifteen minutes ride可知,問(wèn)的是距離,故答案選B。2022/9/29【典例3】 _ is it from home t 語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)課件(簡(jiǎn)單句的五種基本句型)初中英語(yǔ)冀教版八年級(jí)上冊(cè)2022/9/29 初中英語(yǔ)冀教版八年級(jí)上冊(cè)2022/9/272

56、022/9/292022/9/271. 主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)( S+ Link.V+P )系動(dòng)詞分兩類:be, look, keep, seem等屬一類;get, grow, become, turn等屬另一類,表示變化。be本身沒(méi)有什么意義,只起連系主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)的作用。其它系動(dòng)詞仍保持其部分詞義.1. This is an English-Chinese dictionary. 這是本英漢辭典.2. The dinner smells good. 午餐的氣味很好.3. Everything looks different. 一切看來(lái)都不同了.2022/9/291. 主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)( S+ L

57、ink.V+P )系動(dòng)詞2. 主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ) (S + V)句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞能表達(dá)完整的意思。這類動(dòng)詞叫做不及物動(dòng)詞,后面可以跟副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)從句等。1. The sun was shining. 太陽(yáng)在照耀著.2. The moon rose. 月亮升起了.2022/9/292. 主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ) (S + V)1. The sun w3. 主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ) + 賓語(yǔ) (S + V + O)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都具有實(shí)義,都是主語(yǔ)產(chǎn)生的動(dòng)作,但不能表達(dá)完整的意思,必須跟有一個(gè)賓語(yǔ),即動(dòng)作的承受者,才能使意思完整。這類動(dòng)詞叫做及物動(dòng)詞。1. Who knows the answer? 誰(shuí)知道答案? 2. He enj

58、oys reading. 他喜歡看書.2022/9/293. 主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ) + 賓語(yǔ) (S + V + O)1. Wh4. 主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ) + 間接賓語(yǔ) +直接賓語(yǔ) (S + V + O + O)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須跟有兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)才能表達(dá)完整的意思。這兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)一個(gè)是動(dòng)作的直接承受者,另一個(gè)是動(dòng)作的間接承受者。1. I showed him my pictures. 我給他看我的照片.2. He bought you a dictionary.他給你買了一本字典.2022/9/294. 主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ) + 間接賓語(yǔ) +直接賓語(yǔ) 1. I sh5. 主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ) + 賓語(yǔ) +賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) (S + V + O + C)動(dòng)

59、詞雖然是及物動(dòng)詞,但是只跟一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)還不能表達(dá)完整的意思,必須加上一個(gè)補(bǔ)充成分來(lái)補(bǔ)足賓語(yǔ),才能使意思完整。1. He asked me to come back soon. 他要我早點(diǎn)回來(lái).2. I saw them getting on the bus at that time. 我看見他們當(dāng)時(shí)在上了那輛公共汽車.2022/9/295. 主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ) + 賓語(yǔ) +賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) 1. He as“主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ) + 間接賓語(yǔ) +直接賓語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)分兩種情況:若間接賓語(yǔ)(一般由人來(lái)充當(dāng))跟在謂語(yǔ)之后,中間無(wú)需介詞連接;若間接賓語(yǔ)位于直接賓語(yǔ)后,這一介詞不可省略。My father bought me an I

60、pad.My father bought an Ipad for me.2022/9/29“主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ) + 間接賓語(yǔ) +直接賓語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)分兩種情況:若間同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。1. Please pass me a cup of tea. Please pass a cup of tea _ _.2. Li Ming lent Lucy his bike two hours ago. Li Ming _ his bike _ _ two hours ago.tomelenttoLily2022/9/29同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。1. Please pass me a cup 分析下列句子成分 。1. Our school

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