自然風(fēng)光下威塞克斯人的命運

1、自然風(fēng)光下威塞克斯人的命運【摘要】哈代的威塞克斯小說中的自然景物描寫風(fēng)格獨特。自然景物的描寫在他的這些小說中已不僅僅起著舞臺背景式的作用，而是成為小說中的一個有機組成部分。他的小說側(cè)重于討論人、自然、環(huán)境及其互相間的關(guān)系。在他筆下，自然被人格化了，并和人熔為一體。在其威塞克斯系列小說中，凡能與自然和諧相處的人物都能獲得一個美妙的結(jié)局;反之，都無一例外地走向消滅。主人公心中的抱負(fù)和其所處環(huán)境的矛盾是促成哈代悲劇小說的根源所在。哈代堅信人類是自然的一部分，是自然的守護者，且應(yīng)總是和自然同存共進。他強調(diào)人應(yīng)該與大自然和諧共存?！娟P(guān)鍵詞】哈代;自然;威塞克斯人;命運;和諧1.Intrdutin1tsu

2、hddshapes;hisflersthepurplebellsandyellgrse;hisanialkingdthesnakesandrppers;hissietyitshuanhaunters.2HereeanfindHardysfervidlveandrespettardsNature.Inhisessexnvels,Hardybelievesthat“anisntbelngthiself,butpartfNature.Thisisebdiedastheabve.3Thirdly,Hardysstries,bythesettingfNatureheprvided,arealaysvin

3、gandbeithing.“Theytuhheartsntsuhbyeansftheirplts(hihareverygd)asthrughthepathsftheetinaltangle.3.Nature,haraterandfateThefllingisanillustratinfHardysfurtraginvels,nebyne.ThestriesareallsetinthefitinalsuthernEnglandreginthatHardynaedessex,andhavebeeknnasthe“essexnvels.Allthesebkshavealtfnaturaldesrip

4、tins,hihinturnexertagreatinfluenentheharatersandserveasafilfthedevelpentftheplts.3.1TheReturnftheNative(1878)ThebkstitleTheReturnftheNative,givesreadersthefirstindiatinfalse,andptentiallydisastrus,affinityfsituatin,event,andharater.Inthisnvel,thekeyrd“Nativentnlyharaterizeslybutalsprvidesthefirstdes

5、riptinfEustaia,hihisirniyetsuintly.rever,“Native“Theseahanged,thefieldshanged,therivers,thevillagesandthepeplehanged,yetEgdnreained.;“Ianntenduretheheath,exeptinitspurpleseasn.Theheathisarueltaskasterte.6Intheendtheybthdie,drnedinthefldedeirnanightfindandstr.ThethergruppeplehnafervidlvetNature,thehe

6、ath.Theher,lysattitudetardsNatureis,“Tyinditisstexhilarating,andstrengthening,andsthing.Iuldratherliventhesehillsthananyhereelseintherld.8TheglyEgdnHeathisusedasthesettingfthisnvel.Theairfitsuggeststhe“tragipssibilities.Natindiretlypresentedinthenveltakesplaeutsidethebundaryfthisheath.Itisalstheitne

7、ssfhistry,fr“hentherthingssankbrdingtsleeptheheathappearedsllytaakeandlisten.EverynightitsTitanifrseeedtaaitsething;butithadaitedthus,unved,duringsanyenturies,thrughtherisesfsanythings,thatituldnlybeiaginedtaaitnelastrisis-thefinalverthr.9UpnthisNatureseneappearsthehuanity,alngithtruble:Thasinreturn

8、siththebitternessfanabrtivearriage;ildeveandEustaiaareinvlvedinarelatinfdubtfulNature;EustaialngstflyaayfrtheildernessftheheathtgivefreeplaythersulinthevanitiesandgrandeursfParislife.Everythingseesthavebeenbrughtttheedgeftragedy.Hardystragedyisrethanpersnalandsial.Thenaturalrld,naely,theEgdnHeath,pl

9、aysantinsignifiantpart.Suggestingitsiense,andptentiallydestrutive,per,theheathstitanifrntrastsarkedlyiththefrailtyandVulnerabilityfhuan“frNature,hererefersteather,playsavitalpartinthedevelpentftheplts.“rkistakeninaseriusandspeifisense;inthesyblisetpieefthestrsenefFarfrtheaddingrd,frexaple,thereaderi

10、sstillalaysadeaarefhGabrielsexperienefrkenableshitpredittheeatherrhhegesabutsavingtheriks.11Hever,inthisnvelthereisasharpdifferene.Thereadersareaptt“graspthefeelftheglyeather.123.3TessfthedUrbervilles(1891)ItisknnthatHardyrteabut“est-untrylifeinitslessexplredreesses;andheftenadehisherayunganhhasbeen

11、astadrift,inaralandintelletualilderness,andthereerenfixedrulestguideher,nlythedrivefhernsul.Thatis,Tesssfirlyandnstantlypursuittardshers-alledhappiness.InTessfthedUrbervilles,Hardyfusesnpastralinrdertntrastdifferentaysflife,anddifferentattitudestNature,innenarrativesituatin.Thebeginningfthestryisthe

12、nderfullydesribedBlakr,inadesriptive,rearkablyvisualay:“Behindhithehillsarepen,thesunblazesdnupnfieldsslargeastgiveanenlsedharatertthelandsape,thelanesarehite,thehedgeslandplashed,theatspherelrless.Hereinthevalley,therldseestbenstrutedupnasallerandredeliatesale;thefieldsareerepaddks,sreduedthatfrthi

13、shEighttheirhedge-rsappearanetrkfdarkgreenthreadsverspreadingthepalergreenfthegrass.Theatspherebeneathislangurus,andisstingedithazurethathatartistsalltheiddledistanepartakesalsfthathue,hilethehriznbeyndisfthedeepestultraarine.Arablelandsarefeandliited;ithbutslightexeptinstheprspetisabradrihassfgrass

14、andtrees,antlinginrhillsanddalesithintheajr.SuhistheValefBlakr.15TheNaturebyHardyisalayseltediththeherine.Bys,itipliesthaththeherinesbeautyisinharnyiththebeautiesftheNatureandsheisfthedaughterfNature:“inutediandsfisturefrtheisthung,t,upnTessseyelashes,anddrpsupnherhair,likeseedpearls.henthedaygrequi

15、testrngandnplaethesedriedffher;rever,Tessthenlstherstrangeandetherealbeauty;herteeth,lips,andeyessintillatedinthesunbeas,andsheasagainthedazzlinglyfairdairyaidnly,hhadthldhernagainstthetherenftherld.16Tpresentaheerfulatspherefrtheharvest,Hardypersnatesthesun,andsahievesavividdesriptinfthesun.And“ase

16、nsefpastralisevkedbythehintedaffinityftheseneryandtraditinal,anualrk.1718Thesendpart:aiserablelifeandasharpntrastdesriptinfNatureasasetting.AsfrTessshardandiserablelifeintheild,barrenfar,HardypresenteditbythefilingfaharshNaturedesriptin.“Therehadntbeensuhainterfryears.Itaeninstealthyandeasuredglides

17、,likethevesfahess-player.nerningafterthefelnelytreesandthethrnsfthehedge-rsappearedasiftheyhadputffavegetablefrananialinteguentgates.Afterthisseasnfngealeddapnessaeaspellfdryfrst,henstrangebirdsfrbehindtheNrthPlebegantarrivesilenrtlynthevisitantsrelishedasfd.19Here,thesharpparisnbeteenTessshardlifea

18、ndherharnysheisithNature,servesasafilandgivesreadersagreatshkandregret!SineTessishappilyadjustedtherenvirnent.“AfreshandVirginaldaughterfNature23ThisisalsanthersuessfulexaplefHardysplextreatentfpltandharaterbyhissuessfuldesriptinfNature.24Drivenbythis,HardyritesJudethebsure,ithhihhenludeshisnvelriting.JudehasnthingtfallbaknafterhislverSueleaveshi;ntGd,andntNature,hihinanyfHardysearliernvelsasseenasafrtingandstrengtheningfre.IndeedinthisnvelHardysaysthatNatureslais“utualbuthery25Hardysenandeninthesenvels,rthyastheyare,aredestryedbythebinedfresfharatera