高中英語(yǔ)：人教版選修十Unit2 語(yǔ)言知識(shí)歸納

1、Book 1() Unit 2 King Lear 語(yǔ)言知識(shí)歸納導(dǎo)學(xué)案編寫人：冉紅 審核人：領(lǐng)導(dǎo)簽字：【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】扎實(shí)掌握本單元的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，提升自己的理解力、記憶力。【使用說(shuō)明及學(xué)法指導(dǎo)】利用早自習(xí)時(shí)間瘋狂記憶單詞，短語(yǔ)，句型?！締卧R(shí)總結(jié)】/. succeedv If you succeed in doing something, you manage to do it.達(dá)至 lj 目的;成功做成;辦到 e.g. We have already succeeded in working out ground rules with the Department of Defense.我們已經(jīng)

2、成功地與國(guó)防部敲定了基本原那么。v If you succeed another person, you are the next person to have their job or position. 繼任 e.g. David Rowland is almost certain to succeed him as chairman on January 1.戴維羅蘭將在1月1日接替他任主席幾乎已成定局。e.g. The present ruler, Prince Rainier III, succeeded to the throne on 9 May 1949.現(xiàn)任元首，蘭尼埃三世親

3、王于1949年5月9 口繼位。v If one thing is succeeded by another, the other thing happens or comes after it.=follow and replace sth 【搭配模式】：usually passive 在之后e.g. Embarrassmenl was now succeeded by fear.e.g. Their early success was succeeded by a period of miserable failure.Nothing succeeds like success. =Succ

4、ess often leads to even greater success.一力質(zhì)百十頃succeeding adj. coming after sth else 隨后的，接著的e.g. Over the succeeding weeks, things went from bad to worse.successor n.繼承人，繼位人：接替物illustratev to use pictures, photographs or diagrams ,etc in a book, etc .給(書)加插圖(或圖表)e.g. His lecture was illustrated with

5、slidesv to make the meaning of sth clearer using examples, pictures, etc.(用例如、圖畫等)說(shuō)明、解釋 e.g. He quoted some old Chinese sayings to illustrate his points.v (o show (hat sth is true ora situation exists.說(shuō)明;說(shuō)明;證明e.g. This change is neatly illustrated by what has happened to the Arab League.這種變化鮮明地表達(dá)在阿拉

6、伯聯(lián)盟所發(fā)生的事件上。illustration (書、雜志等的)插圖、圖表；實(shí)例，例如；例釋e.g. Here, by way of illustration, are some extracts from our new catalogue.這里引為例證的是我們新目錄的局部摘錄。e.g. Illustration by example is better than explanation in words.用實(shí)例說(shuō)明比用詞語(yǔ)解釋清楚。The burden of government sits on heavily on my shoulders.e.g. The jacket sat bea

7、utifully on her shoulders.When I got to work , I found a huge bunch of flowers sitting on my desk.The box sat unopened on the shelf.allocate V to give sth officially to sb or sth 分配；分派：劃撥搭配 1) be allocate d to sb or sth 2) allocate sth for/to n 3) allocate sth to sb 4) allocate sb sth e.g. Tickets a

8、re limited and will be allocated to those who apply first.票數(shù)有限，先申請(qǐng)者先得。 e.g. The federal budget allocated $7.3 billion for development programs.聯(lián)邦預(yù)算將73億美元撥給了開(kāi)發(fā)工程。e.g. I (hink clearly enough to decide how much lime to allocate to each exam question properly.adore: v love sb or like sth ver)f much 熱愛(ài)，愛(ài)

9、慕,酷愛(ài) 1) +sth 2) +doing sth adoration n.不可數(shù)名詞 熱愛(ài)；愛(ài)慕：敬慕：崇拜 eg She is worthy of your adoration. adoring adj 熱愛(ài)的：愛(ài)慕的：崇拜的 e.g. He would(常常)stand and gaze at her with adoringeyes.adoringly adv Im adoringly staring the miracle maker in the face.我崇拜地看著奇跡的締造 者.come between A and B (Do not come between me and

10、 my anger)to damage a relationship between two people 挑撥離間to prevent sb from giving enough attention to sthe.g. I dont let anything come between me and my work.distribute v.If you distribute things, you hand them or deliver them to a number of people. 分發(fā);分配;分送 1) distribute sth( to sb) 2)be distribu

11、ted among sb 3) n distribution e.g. Students shouted slogans and distributed leaflets.學(xué)生們喊著 口號(hào)，分發(fā)著傳單。 e.g. Thousands of soldiers are working to distribute food and blankets to the refugees.e.g. In the move, most of the furniture was left to the neighbors or distributed among friends. 大局部家具在搬家的時(shí)候都留給了

12、鄰居或送了朋友e.g. Please distribute the examination papers round the class.請(qǐng)把考卷發(fā)給全班同學(xué)。e.g. The conference discussed the fair distribution of income and wealth.(收入和財(cái)富的公平 分配)contradictv. If you contradict sb. you say that what (hey have just said is wrong by saying something different 反駁;否認(rèn);駁斥flatly contrad

13、ict.e.g. Young children should never contradict what their parents say.孩子們絕對(duì)不應(yīng)頂撞父母。v. If one policy or situation contradicts another, there is a conflict between them.與矛盾;同抵觸e.g. I wont trust you any longer, your actions contradict your words.contradiction n 矛盾;不一致e.g. Your statements today are in c

14、ontradiction with what you said yesterday.e.g. Once the principal contradiction is grasped, all problems will be readily solved.一旦抓住了主要矛盾，一切問(wèn)題就迎刃而解。contradictory adj互相矛盾的;相互對(duì)立的e.g. We had to face up to a number of seemingly contradictory concerns.on behalf ofas the representative of sbe.g. At the ai

15、rport he read an address of welcome on behalf of the association.在機(jī)場(chǎng)上他代表該協(xié)會(huì)致了歡迎詞。in the interests of sb/sth e.g. She gave witness on behalf of the accused person.她替被告作證。flatter 1) flatter sb 2) flatter sb into doing. flatterer:拍馬屁的人V. praise sb in an insincere way to please sb or to persuade sb (o d

16、o something 向.諂媚;奉承;討好e.g. You flatter me immensely!你太恭維我了!e.g. It turns my stomach to hear him flatter.聽(tīng)到他拍馬屁，我實(shí)在感到討厭。e.g. flatter myself Ive done it all rather well.我認(rèn)為自己已經(jīng)做得相當(dāng)好了 ( flatter oneself that.自 認(rèn)為)flattery. n. insincere praise 奉承，阿諛Flattery is not his style.e.g. Cut out the banana oil; f

17、lattery will get you nowhere!別花言巧語(yǔ)了,吹捧是不會(huì)使你撈到好處 的！frictionn. If there is friction between people, there is disagreement and argument between them 矛盾;不和;爭(zhēng)執(zhí) e.g. Sara sensed (hat there had been friction between her children.薩拉感覺(jué)到她的孩子之間有過(guò)爭(zhēng) 執(zhí)。n. Friction is the force that makes it difficult for things t

18、o move freely when they are touching each other.摩擦力e.g. Oil can reduce friction.潤(rùn)滑油能減小摩擦力。12, oppose 1) oppose sth 2) oppose doing 3) strongly/Zbitterly oppose, 4) be opposed tov. If you oppose someone or oppose (heir plans or ideas, you disagree with what they want to do and try to prevent them fro

19、m doing it 反對(duì)； 阻撓e.g. Mr Taylor was not bitter towards (hose who had opposed him.泰勒對(duì)那些反對(duì)過(guò)他的人并 未懷恨在心。e.g. She remained bitterly opposed to moving abroad.deceitful :adj behaving dishonestly to trick sb 欺騙的;欺詐的e.g. The ambassador called the report deceitful and misleading.大使指稱那份報(bào)告具有欺騙性和誤導(dǎo)性。corruptadj .

20、 doing dishonest or illegal things in return for money or power 腐敗的;貪污受賄的;營(yíng)私舞弊 的；不老實(shí)的e.g. Corrupt officials always try to draw the curtain over their corruption.貪官總是企圖掩蓋自 己的腐敗行為。v. causes sb to behave in a dishonest and immoral way 使腐化，使墮落e.g. He was corrupted by power and ambition.e.g. He claimed t

21、hat sex and violence on the internet led to the corruption of young people. (n. 墮落)cunning adj &n. being good at cheating or tricking sb 巧妙的;狡猾的;奸詐的狡黠; 狡猾;詭詐e.g. It took energy and cunning just to survive.e.g. Youre cunning, and I cant work you out.你這個(gè)人太狡猾，我實(shí)在看不透你e.g. Its a cunning piece of detectiv

22、e work.這是一篇構(gòu)思巧妙的偵探作品。sacrifice l)sacrifice sth for/to sb/sth 2) sacrifice sth to do sth 3) make a sacrificev. If you sacrifice something that is valuable or important, you give it up, usually to obtain something else for yourself or for other people.犧牲;舍棄;獻(xiàn)出e.g. She sacrificed family life to her car

23、eer.她為事業(yè)舍棄 了 家庭。e.g. He decided to sacrifice a trip for a new house.為 了購(gòu)買新房子，他決定放棄旅行。n. the act of giving up sth important or valuable to get sth more important 犧牲， 舍棄e.g. She made many sacrifices to get Anita a good education.vacant 1) Situations Vacant2) No Vacancies!(of a seat, room, house, etc)

24、empty and available for sb to use ,not used(座位、房間、地方)空的，未被占用的二unoccupiede.g. The scat next to him was vacant.(of a job. position, etc) available for sb (o lake (崗位，職位等)空缺的 fall/become vacant e.g. A job fell vacant in the accounting department.財(cái)會(huì)部出現(xiàn)了一個(gè)空缺。3)(of a look, expression., etc) showing that s

25、b is not thinking of anything(表情、眼神)茫然的,無(wú)神的 e.g. His mind seems completely他的頭腦似乎空空如也.a vacant look/smile/smileThe man was making some kind of joke, and he nodded vacantly.那人在講著什么笑話，他茫然地點(diǎn)點(diǎn)頭。insultv. to do something (hat is rude or offensive 侮辱;辱罵e.g. It is strictly forbidden to insult or otherwise mi

26、streat prisoners,嚴(yán)禁對(duì)罪犯侮辱和打罵虐待.n. An insult is a rude remark, or something a person says or does which insults you.e.g. He was still steaming over the insult he had received.他仍在為他所受的侮辱發(fā)怒。3)短語(yǔ)to add insult to injury更為不公的是;更不可接受的是;更糟的是e.g. We started off late; to add instill to injury，our car broke dow

27、n on the way.dueIf something is due at a particular time, it is expected to happen, he done, or arrive at that time.到期的;預(yù)期的;預(yù)定到達(dá)的e.g. The results are due at the end of the month.預(yù)計(jì)月底會(huì)有結(jié)果。e.g. He is not due for release until 2020.他要到 2020 年才能被釋放。due to sth=as a direct result of sthSomething that is d

28、ue, or that is due to someone, is owed to them, either as a debt or because they have a right to it.應(yīng)有的;應(yīng)得的;應(yīng)得到的e.g. Ive got some leave clue to me and I was going to Tasmania for a fortnight.我打算利用應(yīng)享有的假 期去塔斯馬尼亞呆兩周。4)適當(dāng)?shù)?適合的;充分的e.g. A fter due consideration it was decided to send him away to live with foster parentsarranged marriage 包辦婚姻hand over sth to. give sb (he responsibility for dealing with a particular situation or problemFor whichever