2022年秋新教材高中英語Unit1PeopleofAchievementSectionⅠReadingandThinking課件新人教版選擇性必修第一冊(cè)

1、Section Reading and Thinking文章導(dǎo)語:史蒂芬霍金是一位著名的科學(xué)家。1942年出生在英國倫敦。他在倫敦附近的一個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)讀完了小學(xué)和中學(xué)。盡管他成績不錯(cuò),但他從來也沒有在班里排過第一。他曾經(jīng)承認(rèn)自己不是一個(gè)好學(xué)生,因?yàn)樗?jīng)常偷懶不好好學(xué)習(xí)。這也太令我們驚訝了。Stephen Hawking was one of the most famous scientists in this century.He was born in 1942.Hes a famous scientist and expert on space and time.Stephen was sear

2、ching some very big questions,such as “How did the universe begin?How will it end?”Stephen was a student at Oxford University.He studied maths and science.Then,at the age of twenty,he became sick.The doctors said to his family,“He has only two more years to live.” As a matter of fact,the doctors wer

3、e wronghe didnt die.He couldnt walk.He couldnt feed himself but he could get in or out of bed by himself.But he refused to give in to the condition.He talked with the help of a computer.After Oxford,Stephen went to Cambridge University.Three years later,in 1965,he became a doctor of philosophy1.Beca

4、use of his serious health problems,it was difficult for him to draw or to write.So he started to think in pictures.With this new way of thinking,he became one of the most famous scientists in the world.In 1988,he wrote his first important book, A Brief History of Time. He was once invited to China.H

5、e impressed us with his self-confidence,humorous and witty2 conversation.詞海拾貝1.philosophy /flsfi/ n.哲學(xué)2.witty /wIti/ adj.言辭詼諧的;機(jī)智的美文凝萃1.Which of the following is NOT true?CA.Stephen was good at thinking.B.Stephen couldnt walk.C.Stephen could feed himself and get in bed by himself.D.Stephen had once

6、studied maths and science.2.What did Stephens studies include according to the passage?Science,maths and philosophy.詞 匯 認(rèn) 知重點(diǎn)單詞 1.crucial adj.至關(guān)重要的;關(guān)鍵性的2.vital adj.必不可少的;極其重要的;充滿生機(jī)的3.botanical adj.植物學(xué)的4.evaluate vt.評(píng)價(jià);評(píng)估5.property n.性質(zhì);特征;財(cái)產(chǎn)6.distinct adj.清晰的;清楚的;有區(qū)別的7.liquid n.液體adj.液體的;液態(tài)的8.obtain

7、 vt.(尤指經(jīng)努力)獲得;贏得vi.(規(guī)章、習(xí)俗等)存在;流行9.defeat n.失敗;挫敗vt.擊敗;戰(zhàn)勝10.analyse vt. 分析11.substance n. 物質(zhì);物品;事實(shí)根據(jù)12.insist vi.& vt.堅(jiān)持;堅(jiān)決要求13.mostly adv.主要地;一般地詞匯拓展mit vt.承諾;保證vi.忠于;全心全意投入(工作、活動(dòng)等)committed adj.盡心盡力的;堅(jiān)定的;堅(jiān)信的2.academy n.(藝術(shù)、文學(xué)、科學(xué)等)研究院;學(xué)會(huì);?？圃盒cademic adj.學(xué)業(yè)的;學(xué)術(shù)的3.objective n.目標(biāo);目的adj.客觀的object n.物體v

8、i.反對(duì);不贊成4.boil vt.& vi.(使)沸騰;煮開;燒開n.沸騰;沸點(diǎn)boiling adj.很熱的;熾熱的5.acknowledge vt.承認(rèn)(屬實(shí)、權(quán)威等);(公開)感謝acknowledgement n.(對(duì)事實(shí)、現(xiàn)實(shí)、存在的)承認(rèn);感謝6.apparent adj.顯而易見;表面上的apparently adv. 顯而易見;看來;顯然7.scientific adj.科學(xué)(上)的;關(guān)于科學(xué)的science n.科學(xué)scientist n.科學(xué)家重點(diǎn)短語1.by chance 偶然2.draw out 提取;拉長3.insist on 堅(jiān)決要求mit oneself to

9、(sth/doing sth/do sth) 承諾;保證(做某事、遵守協(xié)議或安排等)閱 讀 自 測Step 1Fast Reading一、快速瀏覽課文,回答問題1.What is artemisinin?It is a crucial new treatment for malaria.2.With what purpose did the Chinese government form a team of scientists in 1967?Discovering a new treatment for malaria.Step 2Detailed Reading二、仔細(xì)閱讀課文,選擇最佳

10、答案1.According to paragraph 1,we can learn that C.A.Tu Youyou is the only person to win the Nobel Prize for Physiology or MedicineB.Artemisinin is a crucial ancient treatment for malariaC.Tu Youyou made an important discovery for mankindD.Tu Youyou discovered a treatment for malaria on her own2.When

11、did Tu Youyou decide to review ancient Chinese medical texts to find traditional botanical treatments for malaria?CA.In 1930.B.In 1967.C.In 1969. D.In 1971.3.In the process of discovering artemisinin,Tu Youyou D.A.began with a private projectB.succeeded during the first experimentC.found dried wormw

12、ood leaves effectiveD.made the extract from sweet wormwood in a creative way4.Which of the following statements is TRUE?BA.Tu Youyou first invented the idea of using fresh wormwood as a cure to treat a fever.B.Tu Youyou was inspired by a medical text from the fourth century.C.The substance needs to

13、be heated to the boiling point to be effective.D.Malaria is more common in Hunan than other parts of China.5.Where would you most likely find this passage?DA.In a blog. B.In a book.C.In a letter.D.In a newspaper.詞 匯 精 講1.【教材原文】Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria,and is t

14、hought to save 100,000 lives a year in Africa alone.(page 2)青蒿素成了抗瘧疾藥物的關(guān)鍵成分,據(jù)估計(jì)每年僅在非洲就挽救了10萬人的性命?？键c(diǎn)vital adj.必不可少的;極其重要的;充滿生機(jī)的 be vital to.對(duì)是極其重要的It is vital to do sth 做某事是很重要的It is vital that.是十分重要的(that從句中常用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu),should也可以省略。)語境領(lǐng)悟(1)Consideration for other people is vital to all of us.對(duì)我

15、們所有人而言,體諒他人是極其重要的。(2)As for the work,it is vital to keep accurate records.就這項(xiàng)工作而言,做好準(zhǔn)確的記錄非常重要。(3)It is vital that we should be kept informed of all developments.重要的是我們應(yīng)該隨時(shí)了解事態(tài)的發(fā)展。溫馨提示用于“It is+形容詞+that從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中且從句常用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)的形容詞還有:important,essential,necessary,natural,strange等,should可以省略。學(xué)以致用單句語法填

16、空(1)Its vital that they carry(carry) out the operation immediately.(2) Hunan measures are vital to our national security.(3)It is vital that he gets on well with his classmates and teachers.(4)It is vital for us to finish(finish) our homework in time.2.【教材原文】Tu Youyou,a committed and patient scienti

17、st,was born in Ningbo,China,on 30 December 1930,and graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955.(page 2)屠呦呦,這位盡職盡責(zé)、鍥而不舍的科學(xué)家1930年12月30日出生于中國寧波,1955年畢業(yè)于北京大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)部。考點(diǎn)committed adj.盡心盡力的;堅(jiān)定的;堅(jiān)信的 commit vt.承諾;保證vi.忠于;全心全意投入(工作、活動(dòng)等)commit oneself 表達(dá)意見commit oneself to(sth/doing sth/do sth)承諾;保證(做

18、某事、遵守協(xié)議或安排等)commitment n.承諾;保證;奉獻(xiàn)make a commitment (to do sth) 做出承諾(做某事)語境領(lǐng)悟(1)Tom is a committed member of the team.湯姆是一個(gè)忠于職守的隊(duì)員。(2)I do not want to commit to any particular date.我不想定下任何具體的日期。(3)Both sides committed themselves to settle the dispute peacefully.雙方承諾和平解決爭端。(4)If you are serious about

19、our relationship,you should make a commitment.如果你對(duì)我們的關(guān)系是認(rèn)真的,你就應(yīng)該給個(gè)承諾。學(xué)以致用單句語法填空(1)Nobody was prepared to commit themselves(they) in this situation.(2)You dont have to commit to anything over the phone.(3)They made a commitment(commit) to keep working together at the meeting.完成句子(4)我們已經(jīng)答應(yīng)幫忙,就一定會(huì)做到的。W

20、eve made a commitment to help,and we will.(5)關(guān)于那個(gè)話題,他拒絕表明自己的態(tài)度。He refused to commit himself on that subject.3.【教材原文】Her team examined over 2,000 old medical texts,and evaluated 280,000 plants for their medical properties.(page 2)她的團(tuán)隊(duì)研讀了2,000多篇中醫(yī)藥古籍,并評(píng)估了28萬種植物的藥學(xué)屬性。考點(diǎn)evaluate vt.評(píng)價(jià);評(píng)估 evaluation n.估價(jià)

21、;評(píng)價(jià)make an evaluation of 對(duì)進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)語境領(lǐng)悟(1)We need to evaluate how well the policy is working.我們需要對(duì)這一政策產(chǎn)生的效果做出評(píng)價(jià)。(2)I cant make an evaluation of your ability without seeing your work.不看你的工作我不能對(duì)你的能力做出評(píng)價(jià)。學(xué)以致用單句語法填空(1)Last Friday,I was asked to give the new students a test to evaluate(evaluate) their languag

22、e level.(2)They made an intensive evaluation(evaluate) of the health care programme.(3)We must make an evaluation of the consequences caused by the fire.4.【教材原文】They then tried boiling fresh wormwood,and using the liquid obtained from this to treat malaria,but this did not work either.(page 2)之后,他們嘗

23、試水煎新鮮青蒿葉,用熬出的液體治療瘧疾,但是依舊無效。考點(diǎn)boil vt.& vi.(使)沸騰;煮開;燒開n.沸騰;沸點(diǎn) boiling water 正在沸騰的水boiled water 開水(已經(jīng)開過的水)on the boil 十分活躍;如火如荼語境領(lǐng)悟(1)Boiling water evaporates rapidly.沸水蒸發(fā)很快。(2)Cool the boiled water to proper temperature.把開水冷卻到適當(dāng)?shù)臏囟取?3)We have several projects all on the boil at once.我們熱火朝天地同時(shí)進(jìn)行了幾個(gè)項(xiàng)目。

24、學(xué)以致用單句語法填空(1)Id like to have some boiled(boil) water.(2)Look out!Dont have the boiling(boil) water burn you.(3)The girl stood in the kitchen,waiting for the water to boil(boil).5.【教材原文】However,Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat.(page 2)然而,屠呦呦并不認(rèn)輸?？键c(diǎn)一acknowledge vt.承認(rèn)(屬實(shí)、權(quán)威等);(公開)感謝 acknowledge d

25、oing/having done sth 承認(rèn)做了某事acknowledge sb/sth to be/as.承認(rèn)某人/某物是Its generally/universally/widely acknowledged that.大家公認(rèn)/普遍認(rèn)為acknowledgement n.(對(duì)事實(shí)、現(xiàn)實(shí)、存在的)承認(rèn);感謝語境領(lǐng)悟(1)He acknowledged being/having been defeated.他承認(rèn)被擊敗了。(2)She is acknowledged as/to be one of the best artists in the world.她被認(rèn)為是世界上最好的藝術(shù)家之

26、一。(3)It is universally acknowledged that he has a great talent for music.普遍認(rèn)為他有很高的音樂天賦。考點(diǎn)二defeat n.失敗;挫敗vt.擊敗;戰(zhàn)勝 admit defeat 承認(rèn)失敗;認(rèn)輸 語境領(lǐng)悟(1)He defeated the champion in three sets.他三盤擊敗了冠軍。(2)What he said meant admitting defeat.他說的話意味著承認(rèn)失敗。易混辨析 win/beat/defeat詞語意義所跟賓語win贏得;獲勝比賽、獎(jiǎng)品、獎(jiǎng)金、名譽(yù)、財(cái)產(chǎn)、戰(zhàn)爭等beat擊敗

27、;戰(zhàn)勝競爭中的隊(duì)伍或?qū)κ?或戰(zhàn)爭中的敵人等defeat擊敗;戰(zhàn)勝通常接表示“人”或“團(tuán)體”的名詞或代詞做賓語。既可以指在比賽中,也可以指在戰(zhàn)場上戰(zhàn)勝對(duì)手學(xué)以致用單句語法填空(1)With no solid evidence,he refused to acknowledge stealing/having stolen(steal) the ladys purse.(2)She is widely acknowledged as/to be the best scientist in China.(3)Since we didnt prepare for the speech contest,

28、we were defeated(defeat).(4)Their recent wins have proved that theyre still the ones to beat(beat).句型轉(zhuǎn)換(5)People widely acknowledge that students should be evaluated in terms of overall quality.It is widely acknowledged that students should be evaluated in terms of overall quality.6.【教材原文】She conclu

29、ded that boiling the sweet wormwood apparently destroyed its medical properties.(page 2)她得出結(jié)論,認(rèn)為水煎青蒿顯然破壞了它的藥學(xué)屬性?？键c(diǎn)conclude vt.& vi.(使)結(jié)束vt.斷定;推斷出;得出結(jié)論 conclude.from.從中得出結(jié)論conclude(from sth) that.(從某事中)推斷出;(從某事中)斷定conclude by doing.以做結(jié)束conclusion n.結(jié)論;推論draw/reach/come to the/a conclusion得出結(jié)論in concl

30、usion最后;綜上所述,總之語境領(lǐng)悟(1)She concluded her performance with a poem.她以一首詩結(jié)束了她的表演。(2)We will have a further discussion before we draw a final conclusion.我們將做進(jìn)一步的討論,然后再得出最終結(jié)論。(3)He concluded by wishing everyone a safe trip home.他講話結(jié)束時(shí)祝愿大家回家一路平安。(4)In conclusion,I would like to thank all the people present

31、 at the meeting today.最后,我想感謝今天所有參加會(huì)議的人。學(xué)以致用單句語法填空(1)What can we conclude from the conversation?(2)In conclusion(conclude),Id like to express how much I have enjoyed myself.(3)What conclusion(conclude) did you come to at the meeting?7.【教材原文】Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing the

32、 medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe.(page 3)屠呦呦與團(tuán)隊(duì)成員甚至堅(jiān)持以身試藥,以確保藥物是安全的。考點(diǎn)insist vi.& vt.堅(jiān)持;堅(jiān)決要求 insist on sth/sb doing sth 堅(jiān)持某事/做某事;堅(jiān)決要求某事/做某事溫馨提示insist后接that從句時(shí),有兩種情況:表示“堅(jiān)持主張,堅(jiān)決要求”時(shí),從句要用虛擬語氣,即從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”,should可以省略。表示“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為,堅(jiān)稱”時(shí),則從句用陳述語氣。語境領(lǐng)悟(1)The boy insists on my/me be

33、ing there at once.那個(gè)男孩堅(jiān)決要求我立馬到那兒去。(2)Do you have anything to say for yourselves?你們有什么要為自己說的嗎?Yes,theres one point we must insist on.是的,有一點(diǎn)我們必須堅(jiān)持。(3)I insisted that we(should) have a look at every car.我堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)該每輛車都看一下。學(xué)以致用單句語法填空(1)They all insisted that the project be carried(carry) out on schedule.(

34、2)You should insist on doing exercise every day.(3)She insisted that she had been(be) to Beijing the year before.句 型 剖 析1.【教材原文】In the beginning,Tu Youyou went to Hainan, where malaria was more common,to study malaria patients.(page 2)起初,屠呦呦奔赴瘧疾更為常見的海南研究瘧疾患者。句法分析句中where引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,修飾先行詞Hainan。引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)

35、,where是關(guān)系副詞,在從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語,其前面有表示地點(diǎn)的先行詞。注意:where引導(dǎo)狀語從句時(shí),前面沒有表示地點(diǎn)的先行詞。語境領(lǐng)悟(1)She is going to live in Beijing,where she has some close friends.她打算住在北京,在那里她有一些好朋友。(定語從句)(2)The bookshop where I bought this book is not far from here.我買這本書的那家書店離這兒不遠(yuǎn)。(定語從句)(3)Where there is water,there is life.有水的地方就有生命。(狀語從句)學(xué)

36、以致用單句語法填空(1)This is Wuhan,where the Changjiang River and the Hanjiang River meet.(2)Readers love the start of a story,where there are new and sometimes strange people to be met for the first time.(3)Bamboo grows best in places where it is warm and it rains often.句型轉(zhuǎn)換(4)A tall building was put up at

37、the place where there used to be a desert.A tall building was put up where there used to be a desert.2.【教材原文】She concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood apparently destroyed its medical properties.(page 2)她得出結(jié)論,認(rèn)為水煎青蒿顯然破壞了它的藥學(xué)屬性。句法分析本句that引導(dǎo)賓語從句,做concluded的賓語。在賓語從句中,動(dòng)詞-ing形式短語boiling the sweet wor

38、mwood做主語,表示“水煎青蒿”這件事情。動(dòng)詞-ing形式或動(dòng)詞-ing形式短語可以位于句首直接做主語。謂語動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。有時(shí),也可以用it做形式主語,把動(dòng)詞-ing形式(真實(shí)主語)置于句尾。但這種場合不多,多見于某些形容詞及名詞之后。常見的能用于這種結(jié)構(gòu)的形容詞有:good,enjoyable,interesting,foolish,difficult,useless,worthwhile等,構(gòu)成It is/was+形容詞+動(dòng)詞-ing形式。語境領(lǐng)悟(1)Climbing mountains is really fun.爬山真是有趣。(2)Reading aloud is ver

39、y important for us to learn a foreign language.朗讀對(duì)我們學(xué)一門外語非常重要。(3)It was a waste of time reading that book.讀那本書是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。學(xué)以致用單句語法填空(1)It is no use telling the boy not to worry.(2)It is a waste of time persuading(persuade) him to join us.(3)Reading is(be) necessary for us to expand our knowledge.(4)Watchi

40、ng(watch) films is his favourite pastime.3.【教材原文】Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize,she said,“The honour is not just mine.”(page 3)獲悉自己被授予諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)時(shí),她說:“這份榮譽(yù)不僅僅屬于我”。句法分析在本句中,“介詞upon+動(dòng)詞-ing形式”構(gòu)成介詞短語,用作時(shí)間狀語。有時(shí)也可以換成“upon ones doing”的形式。另外,介詞upon還可換為on,表示“一件事緊接著另一件事而發(fā)生”。這種用法常見于正式的文體,依據(jù)語境,

41、可譯為“在的時(shí)候;當(dāng)時(shí);一就”,相當(dāng)于連詞as soon as或when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。語境領(lǐng)悟(1)Upon graduating,he joined a small law firm.一畢業(yè)他就加入了一個(gè)小型律師事務(wù)所。(2)On finishing it,I was struck by the feeling that it was the best composition I had ever written.我寫完這篇作文時(shí),就感覺到這是我寫過的最好的作文。學(xué)以致用完成句子(1)我本該在一收到你寄來的這條作為我的生日禮物的可愛的圍巾時(shí)就寫這封感謝信的。I should have

42、written a thank-you letter for the lovely scarf you sent me for my birthday upon/on receiving it.(2)一到飛機(jī)場,我們所有人就受到熱烈歡迎。On/Upon arriving at the airport,we all were welcomed warmly.句型轉(zhuǎn)換(3)Upon arriving home,Mike turned on TV to watch his favourite programme.As soon as Mike arrived home,he turned on TV

43、 to watch his favourite programme.(4)Upon seeing her,I smiled and ran towards her.When I saw her,I smiled and ran towards her.一、單詞拼寫1.The students return in September for the start of the new academic(學(xué)業(yè)的) year.2.We went to the botanical(植物學(xué)的) garden the other day.3.Parents play a crucial(至關(guān)重要的) rol

44、e in preparing their children for school.4.We hope this objective(目標(biāo)) will be attained with the help of our friends.5.Fat is solid(固體的) at room temperature,and oil is liquid(液體) at room temperature.6.I have acknowledged(承認(rèn)) that my fault has brought you great trouble and inconvenience.7.He extracted

45、(拔出) a small notebook from his hip pocket.8.She was apparently(顯然) a very nervous woman,and that affected her career.9.I had obtained(獲得) my first camera for the express purpose of taking railway photographs.10.Scientific(科學(xué)的) research is widely claimed to be the source of the high standard of living in our country.二、選詞填空 commit oneself to;insist on;in conclusion;draw out;by chance;be awarded to1.In conclusion,walking is a cheap,safe,enjoyab