九年級Notes on the Text中考專題復習之完型填空策略 教案

1、基于成都中考專題復習之完型填空策略一、題型分析完形填空是以格式塔心理學中的完形理論為基礎，該理論認為大腦在認知事物的時候是把它們看作一個整體來對待，對于空缺的部分能夠自動腦補出來。因此，完形填空相當于殘缺的拼圖，學生需要補全圖案，使之完整。分析2023-2023年成都中考的完形填空題型可以發(fā)現(xiàn)三個命題趨勢：1）語篇體裁以說明文和記敘文為主，題材涉及趣味故事、外國文化、寓言故事、生活哲理、人物小記等；2）語篇難度低于閱讀理解材料，側(cè)重對文本的整體理解，主要考察學生在語篇理解的基礎上對詞語搭配、詞句意義辨析和語法規(guī)則等的掌握，即語言的運用能力；3）語言知識主要著眼于對實詞（名詞、動詞、形容詞、副詞

2、）的考查，虛詞的考查偶有涉及：2023年未考查；2023年一題（介詞）；2023年4題（介詞、副詞、連詞）。因此，在做完形填空時，學生的語篇意識尤為重要。除了考慮詞匯搭配、語法和句子結(jié)構(gòu)，還要考慮語篇的整體邏輯。就如同一副拼圖，語篇的詞、句、段各部分之間都有著內(nèi)在的邏輯聯(lián)系。利用語篇的整體性，可以快速、有效的補全拼圖，還原圖案。二、學情分析初三的學生有一定的詞匯量和閱讀理解能力。但在做完形填空時，學生很容易憑感覺做題，知其然而不知其所以然。學生需要學會從語篇角度出發(fā)，結(jié)合上下文的相關(guān)信息有思路、有技巧的做題。造成完形填空丟分的主要原因如下：沒有耐心讀全文，急于做題不會聯(lián)系上下文找線索詞匯用法混

3、淆生活閱歷及文化常識缺失三、教學思路首先分析成都近三年中考（2023-2023年）完形填空題型的命題趨，然后對2023年的完形填空A、B兩篇文章進行詳細的分析，逐題明確考點。最后，在此基礎上總結(jié)完形填空的解題策略，并借助拼圖的思想幫助學生更好的理解完形填空的解題步驟和技巧，即從語篇意義理解出發(fā)，結(jié)合上下文的信息進行邏輯推理和判斷，還原語篇材料。2023A考點：上下文理解+詞匯辨析難度：2 stars主題：警方畫像師職業(yè)的介紹體裁：說明文字數(shù)：115題目小結(jié)：均考察詞性辨析，對詞匯的理解要求較高，考察對詞匯的運用能力?？键c：上下文+詞匯As a police artist, Joe Brown

4、draws pictures of suspects（嫌疑犯）when people tell him about the 46. _（句中信息，前文推斷）of each suspect. Then, the police put the pictures in newspapers and on television to help 47. _（句中信息，前文推斷） the suspects.His job is interesting but not 48. _（句中信息，后文推斷）, because different people describe the same person di

5、fferently and sometimes many people dont have good 49. _, especially the old.（句間信息，后文推斷）“The suspect is of medium height and young. He has long straight brown hair and big eyes,” an old woman says. Another woman says,” Hes tall and thin with blonde hair. Hes about thirty years old.” In the end, the

6、real 50. _（語篇信息，前文suspect同義復現(xiàn)）is a short heavy man and he has short brown hair. 46. A. act B. personality C. appearance （N） 47. A. remember B. find C. describe （V）48. A. easy B. exciting C. useful （Adj）49. A. expressions B. methods C. memories （N）50. A. artist B. criminal C. policeman （N）解析：46題考查名詞辨

7、析。前文提到Joey的工作是警方畫像師，要給嫌疑犯畫像，換言之需要描述嫌疑犯的外貌 appearance。47題考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)句子意義，結(jié)合基本常識，在報紙電視上刊登畫像是為了找到嫌疑犯。48題考查形容詞辨析。interesting but，結(jié)合后文不同的人對嫌疑犯外貌的描述差異很大，可以推斷畫像師的職業(yè)雖有趣但不容易。49題考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)后文especially old可以判斷是人們的記性不好，尤其是老人。expressions的單詞意義是易錯點。50題考查名詞辨析。整個語篇在討論給嫌疑人畫像，結(jié)合上文可以推斷嫌疑犯其實和畫像差異很大，選suspect的近義詞criminal。202

8、3B考點：上下文理解+詞匯辨析難度：3 stars主題：學生盲目從眾的故事體裁：記敘文字數(shù)：220出處：21世紀英語報初一版2023年3月12日題目小結(jié)：難度中等，生詞少，需要對文章背景有了解BOne day in class, the teacher held up an apple. She stood on the platform（講臺）and said,“Please 51. _（句間信息，后文原詞復現(xiàn)） it in the air, and ” One student 52. _ his hand and said, “I can smell it. It is the smell

9、 of an apple.” （固定搭配+語篇信息，后文原詞、同義復現(xiàn)）The teacher stepped 53. _（語篇信息，結(jié)合語境推測情節(jié)）the platform, passed by each of the students and said,“Smell 54. _ （句間信息，前文推斷）to see if the smell of the apple is still in the air.” Half of the students put up their hands to show that they could smell it. The teacher retur

10、ned to the 55. _ （語篇信息，前文推斷，同義復現(xiàn)）of the classroom and asked again who else could smell the apple. The rest raised their hands except one boy. The teacher came to the boy and asked,” You really cant smell the apple?” The boy answered, “ No, I cant smell it. I dont think its a 56. _ （句中信息，語境推斷）apple.”

11、 The teacher 57. _（句中信息，推斷態(tài)度） at the boy and said to the class, “ Hes right! Its not 58. _ （句間信息，情節(jié)推斷）to get the apple smell from this apple.” All of the other students had been tricked. Some may have thought that perhaps the apple didnt have the apple smell, 59. _（句間信息，語境推斷邏輯）they didnt dare to spe

12、ak up. They just 60. _ the first student blindly and went along with him. （語篇信息，語境情節(jié)推斷）51. A. watch B. fell C. smell （v）句間信息，后文原詞復現(xiàn)52. A. shook B. raised C. showed （v）固定搭配+語篇信息，后文復現(xiàn)53. A. on B. off C. towards （prep）語篇信息，結(jié)合語境推測情節(jié)54. A. later B. once C. again （adv）句間信息，前文推斷55. A. front B. middle C. ba

13、ck （prep）語篇信息，前文同義復現(xiàn)56. A. real B. tasty C. nice （adj）句中信息，語境推斷57. A. laughed B. smiled C. shouted（v）句中信息，后文推斷態(tài)度58. A. surprising B. possible C. common（adj）句間信息，后文情節(jié)推斷59. A. and B. so C. but （conj.）句間信息，語境推斷邏輯60. A. followed B. admired C. preferred（v）語篇信息，語境情節(jié)推斷解析：51題考查動詞辨析，后文原詞復現(xiàn)，提到I can smell it 以

14、及 smell again可知，此處是老師讓大家在空氣中聞一下，即smell，而非 watch 或 fell。52題考查動詞短語，raise ones hand為固定搭配，后文也多次復現(xiàn)put up your hand, raise your hand。53題考查介詞辨析，此題較難，學生需對聯(lián)系上下文，前文提到老師站在講臺上，后文說教師經(jīng)過每一個學生，由此推測教師是step off，走下講臺。54題考查副詞辨析，根據(jù)前文情節(jié)老師讓學生聞過一次，此處應再聞一次。55題考查介詞辨析，return to回到，結(jié)合前文情節(jié)老師從講臺走下來，現(xiàn)在應該回到講臺platform，換言之就是教室的前面the

15、front of the classroom。56題考查形容詞辨析，根據(jù)前文情節(jié)男孩沒有聞到蘋果的味道，所以他認為這不是真的蘋果，選real。tasty(可口的)和nice(好的)與文章主題無關(guān)。57題考查動詞辨析，通過后文可知老師對男孩持贊許態(tài)度，故選正面詞匯 smell，而非 laugh at 嘲笑或是shout at 吼叫。58題考查形容詞辨析，結(jié)合前文情節(jié)蘋果是假的，所以不可能聞到蘋果味。59題考查連詞辨析，該題較難，需理解情節(jié)以及前后半句的邏輯關(guān)系，結(jié)合該段主題句可知，有的人可能發(fā)現(xiàn)了蘋果沒有味道，但不敢說出來，前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。60題考查動詞辨析，結(jié)合前文的故事情節(jié)，并結(jié)合該空格后a

16、nd并列的動詞短語went along with，可以推斷其他學生在盲目的聽從第一個學生的觀點。四、教學設計TopicCloze test strategies Students Grade 9 Lesson type Micro-course Duration 20 mins Teaching objectivesBy the end of the video, students are expected to Use the jigsaw puzzle idea for a cloze test;Get familiar with the 3 steps and 6 strategies

17、for a cloze test. Teaching proceduresActivities Intentions Step1 Lead in Lead in the topic using a pic of the jigsaw puzzle To get students attention Step2 Introduce the process of working on a cloze test Use the jigsaw puzzle idea to introduce the basic process of dealing with a cloze test. There a

18、re 3 steps: Get the whole picture: students need to scan the text quickly and get the main idea to have a basic understanding of the passage. （通讀全文，領悟大意）Get into the details and find the logic: students need to use some strategies to find the most proper choice based on the logic behind the text. Re

19、ad and check: students need to read over again and ensure the answers go along with the main idea and the context of the passage. To help students get to know the 3 basic steps for a cloze test using the jigsaw idea Step3 Introduce 6 strategies by examples from the entrance examination tests to high

20、 school between 2023 to 2023.The strategies are as follow. 重視主主題句，尋求信息。首句一般概括的文章的主題，可以窺見文章的概貌和作業(yè)的寫作意圖。分析語境褒貶，判斷情緒。文章大多反映了主人公特定的心理、情緒起伏和寫作意圖。利用文章的語境褒貶性可以對文章進行邏輯判斷，在準確理解文意的基礎上推斷空格的信息，找出能反映語境褒貶性的標志性詞語或句子，大膽預測下文。巧用平行結(jié)構(gòu)，判斷邏輯。平行結(jié)構(gòu)指結(jié)構(gòu)相似、意思密切相關(guān)、語氣一致的句子或短語組成串排列的語言現(xiàn)象。平行結(jié)構(gòu)在形式上整齊均勻，內(nèi)容上緊密聯(lián)系。利用意義或形式上的關(guān)聯(lián)和對比的這一特點，可以提高解題效率。結(jié)合生活文化常識，辨別真?zhèn)?。有的題根據(jù)學生的個人常識就可以