初中中考英語(yǔ)要點(diǎn)匯總

1、中中學(xué)英語(yǔ)要點(diǎn)匯總HYPERLINK l bycj1.賓語(yǔ)從句 HYPERLINK l zycj 2.狀語(yǔ)從句 HYPERLINK l dycj 3定語(yǔ)從句 HYPERLINK l wishhope 4.wish和hope HYPERLINK l thankstofor 5.thanks for和thanks to HYPERLINK l ggdc1 6.感官動(dòng)詞用法之一 HYPERLINK l ggdc2 7.感官動(dòng)詞用法之二 HYPERLINK l findthink 8.find和think部分用法 HYPERLINK l wouldlikewant 9.would like / wan

2、t / feel like HYPERLINK l cxycddy 10.詞序易錯(cuò)的短語(yǔ) HYPERLINK l pingjiatianqi 11.對(duì)“評(píng)價(jià)”“天氣”提問(wèn)之區(qū)別 HYPERLINK l takecostpayspend 12.take, cost, pay, spend區(qū)別 HYPERLINK l shuangbin 13.雙賓結(jié)構(gòu) HYPERLINK l liancijieci 14.部分詞作連詞與介詞 HYPERLINK l eding1 15.動(dòng)詞ed / ing作形容詞用法之一 HYPERLINK l eding2 16.動(dòng)詞ed / ing作形容詞用法之二 HYPER

3、LINK l ingedzhuyu 17.動(dòng)詞ing和帶to不定式作主語(yǔ) HYPERLINK l laterafteragobefore 18.later / after / ago / before HYPERLINK l seasons 19.四季 HYPERLINK l months 20.月 HYPERLINK l week 21.星期 HYPERLINK l yie 22.“也” HYPERLINK l to1 23.帶to不定式用法之一 HYPERLINK l littlefew 24.(a) little / (a) few HYPERLINK l verbphrase 25.及

4、物動(dòng)詞+副詞 HYPERLINK l asas 26.asas用法 HYPERLINK l prefer 27.prefer用法 HYPERLINK l someanyevery 28. some-, any-, every-用法 HYPERLINK l tensesandforms 29.動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和形式 HYPERLINK l ifwhether 30.if / whether區(qū)別 HYPERLINK l yinwei 31.因?yàn)?HYPERLINK l tuice 32.表推測(cè) HYPERLINK l sosuch 33.so與such區(qū)別 HYPERLINK l souse 34.so的

5、另兩個(gè)用法 HYPERLINK l neithernor 35.neither / nor用法之一 HYPERLINK l keepmakeetc 36.keep, make, get, have用法 HYPERLINK l used 37.used短語(yǔ) HYPERLINK l throughpastacross 38. through / past / across 區(qū)別 HYPERLINK l number 39.the number of / a number of HYPERLINK l yanxudongci 40.延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 HYPERLINK l budingdaici 41.a

6、ll / each / both / none / either / neither HYPERLINK l jiliang 42.計(jì)量表達(dá)法 HYPERLINK l mustmayneed 43. Must I / May I / Need I ? 用法 HYPERLINK l hundredthousand 44.hundred / thousand / million / billion HYPERLINK l fanyiyiwen 45.反意疑問(wèn)句 HYPERLINK l chuan 46.put on, wear, dress, in HYPERLINK l xuniyuqi 47.

7、虛擬語(yǔ)氣部分用法 HYPERLINK l otheretc 48. other(s) / the other(s) / another HYPERLINK l howphrases 49.how long / often / soon / far HYPERLINK l fenshu 50.分?jǐn)?shù)表達(dá) HYPERLINK l daoda 51.到達(dá) HYPERLINK l gantan 52.感嘆句 HYPERLINK l becauseofetc 53.because/ instead / out (of) 用法 HYPERLINK l muchtooetc 54.too much, too

8、many與much too HYPERLINK l alonelonely 55. alone / lonely HYPERLINK l belongtobe 56.belong to與be HYPERLINK l by 57.by常見用法 HYPERLINK l inphrases 58.部分用in的短語(yǔ) HYPERLINK l jideyongfa 59.比較級(jí)與最高級(jí)部分要點(diǎn) HYPERLINK l shuo 60.talk, tell, say, speak HYPERLINK l timephrases 61.sometime(s) / some time(s) HYPERLINK

9、l need 62.need 的用法 HYPERLINK l dodeal 63.do with 與deal with HYPERLINK l jiujinyuanze 64.就近原則 HYPERLINK l zhuweiyizhi 65.主謂一致 HYPERLINK l quitesuchreally 66.quite / such / really用法之一 HYPERLINK l whatquestions 67.部分用what 提問(wèn)的句型 HYPERLINK l therebe 68.there be部分用法 HYPERLINK l foudingci 69.常見表否定的詞或短語(yǔ) HYP

10、ERLINK l jiedongciyuanxing 70.常見后接動(dòng)詞原形的詞或短語(yǔ) HYPERLINK l jieving 71.常見后接動(dòng)詞ing的詞或短語(yǔ) HYPERLINK l jietodosth 72.常見后接帶to不定式的詞或短語(yǔ) HYPERLINK l passivevoice 73.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)用法 HYPERLINK l nounasdingyu 74.名詞或所屬格作定語(yǔ) HYPERLINK l winbeat 75.win與beat區(qū)別 HYPERLINK l itthatthisone 76. 代詞it / that / this / one部分用法 HYPERLINK

11、l endphrases 77.at / by the end of, in the end區(qū)別 HYPERLINK l havegonebeen 78.have gone to/have been to / in HYPERLINK l allwhole 79.all / whole用法 HYPERLINK l abitalittle 80.a bit / a little區(qū)別 HYPERLINK l shanchangornot 81.“擅長(zhǎng)/ 不擅長(zhǎng)”“對(duì)有利/有害” HYPERLINK l shuliangjienouns 82. 表數(shù)量的詞與短語(yǔ)的部分用法 HYPERLINK l y

12、icuofuci 83.易用錯(cuò)的副詞 HYPERLINK l xianzaiwanchengshizhici 84.常用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的詞或短語(yǔ) HYPERLINK l adjandadv 85.形容詞與副詞區(qū)別 HYPERLINK l everyday 86.everyday與every day HYPERLINK l everyone 87.everyone與every one HYPERLINK l nonenoone 88.none與no one HYPERLINK l jiaotonggongju 89.乘交通工具之表達(dá) HYPERLINK l kindsofkindof 90.kin

13、d of 與kinds of HYPERLINK l rainsnowwind 91.rain / snow / wind的常見修飾詞 HYPERLINK l dayuse 92.day的部分用法 HYPERLINK l gebiemingciyongfa 93.個(gè)別名詞的部分用法 HYPERLINK l leaveuse 94.leave的用法 HYPERLINK l illsick 95. ill與sick的區(qū)別 HYPERLINK l return 96.return用法 HYPERLINK l favoriteown 97.favourite 與own的類似結(jié)構(gòu) HYPERLINK l

14、 stopstartetc 98.stop / start (begin) / like / forget (remember) / go on等詞或短語(yǔ)用法 HYPERLINK l renchengdaici 99.人稱代詞形式 HYPERLINK l jishucixushuci 100.基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞 HYPERLINK l roomspaceplace 101.room / space / place HYPERLINK l guojirenyuyan 102.常見國(guó)籍、人及語(yǔ)言的對(duì)應(yīng) HYPERLINK l yixiecuocixing 103.易寫錯(cuò)詞形 HYPERLINK l j

15、obwork 104. job與work HYPERLINK l withandin 105.with和in表示“用” HYPERLINK l shikebiaoda 106.時(shí)刻之表達(dá) HYPERLINK l na 108. take, bring, fetch與carry HYPERLINK l tiaojianqishi 109. 條件與祈使 HYPERLINK l onedaysomeday 111. one day，someday / some day HYPERLINK l missinglost 112. missing與lost HYPERLINK l mingcijixius

16、hici 113.常見部分名詞及其修飾詞 HYPERLINK l foudinghuida 114.個(gè)別疑問(wèn)句的常見否定回答 HYPERLINK l fun 115.fun的用法 HYPERLINK l chule 116.except / except for / besides HYPERLINK l toasprep 117.常見帶to為介詞的短語(yǔ) HYPERLINK l becausewhy 118.because與why的部分用法 HYPERLINK l nonot 119.no與not的區(qū)別 HYPERLINK l rightuse 120. Thats all right / A

17、ll right / Thats right. 的區(qū)別 HYPERLINK l onbiaofangshi 121. on表方式的用法 HYPERLINK l yesnoanswers 122.用yes與no回答時(shí)要注意的問(wèn)題 HYPERLINK l buguizedongci 不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞表中學(xué)英語(yǔ)要點(diǎn)匯總1.賓語(yǔ)從句：怎樣判斷出一個(gè)從句是賓語(yǔ)從句？ eq oac(,1) 在動(dòng)詞后作賓語(yǔ)(動(dòng)賓): Do you know where he comes from? 劃線部分是動(dòng)詞know的賓語(yǔ). eq oac(,2).在有些接雙賓結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞后作賓語(yǔ): He asked me when we wo

18、uld leave. 此句中me與從句when-分別是ask的賓語(yǔ)。 eq oac(,3)在介詞后作賓語(yǔ)(介賓)：Lets talk about how we solve this problem. eq oac(,4)在Im sorry, Im afraid, Im sure等結(jié)構(gòu)后的句子也被認(rèn)為是賓語(yǔ)從句. 賓語(yǔ)從句需注意的時(shí)態(tài)問(wèn)題: eq oac(,1)主句若是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句根據(jù)不同情況用不同時(shí)態(tài)。He says (that) he will have a walk soon. （soon指將來(lái)，從句用將來(lái)時(shí)） The teacher asks who is the cleverest

19、 in the school. （暗指目前誰(shuí)最聰明，從句用現(xiàn)在時(shí)） I want to know who came here late this morning. （今早已過(guò)去，從句用過(guò)去時(shí)） eq oac(,2)主句若是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句也要用過(guò)去時(shí)。 He wondered if I would come. She told me that her son had got well. She said that she liked watching TV. We thought Jim was wrong. eq oac(,3)無(wú)論主句是何時(shí)態(tài)，從句若表客觀真理，要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Mr. Li

20、 said the moon is smaller than the earth. eq oac(,4)賓語(yǔ)從句無(wú)論有何引導(dǎo)詞，句子都要用陳述句語(yǔ)序。 2.狀語(yǔ)從句：此處所說(shuō)的狀語(yǔ)從句用法僅包括條件(if和unless引導(dǎo))狀語(yǔ)從句和時(shí)間(when等引導(dǎo),見下文)狀語(yǔ)從句。狀語(yǔ)從句需注意以下問(wèn)題： eq oac(,1)主句若是一般將來(lái)時(shí)、祈使句或含不表過(guò)去的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞等，則if(如果), unless(除非)，when(當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候), as soon as(一就)，before, after, until, till, as(當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候)所引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。You may take a r

21、est when you finish doing your work. （主句有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞）Could you look after my son after I leave home? （情態(tài)動(dòng)詞could是為了讓語(yǔ)氣委婉，并不指過(guò)去時(shí)，從句仍用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)）1 I will go out as soon as it stops raining this afternoon. （1 Wait for your brother at the bus station until he arrives. （主句是祈使句） eq oac(,2)而主句若是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句也要用表過(guò)去時(shí)的適當(dāng)時(shí)態(tài)，如：

22、I would give the money to the charity if I had a million dollars. When he got to the park, his classmates had left. My son ran towards me as soon as he saw me on the street.3.定語(yǔ)從句：定語(yǔ)從句是指修飾前面名詞或代詞的句子。從句前面的名詞或代詞叫先行詞，從句中的引導(dǎo)詞叫關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞。關(guān)系代詞who只指人，which只指物。that既可指人又可指物。whose 后必須跟有名詞，既指人，也可指物。關(guān)系詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，不可省略

23、，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。whom只指人，只作賓語(yǔ)。關(guān)系副詞where指“在那里”，when指“在那時(shí)”。 （以下所給例子凡斜體字部分均作定語(yǔ)從句。）She is a girl who / that is beautiful and kind-hearted. The girl who / that is tall is my sister.（以上關(guān)系詞作主語(yǔ)，不可省略。） She is a girl (who / whom / that) I know very well. （關(guān)系詞做know的賓語(yǔ)，可以省略。） That boy whose hair is very long is my brot

24、her. I own a bike whose price is high. (關(guān)系詞whose表所屬，后需接名詞。前句指人，譯為“這個(gè)孩子的”；后句指物，譯為“這個(gè)自行車的”。）I bought a watch (which / that) I paid 100 yuan for. （指物, 作pay的賓語(yǔ)，可以省略。）I prefer a place which / that is clean and quiet. （關(guān)系詞譯為“這個(gè)地方”，主語(yǔ)，不可?。㊣ prefer a place where I can live a quiet life. （關(guān)系詞譯為“在這個(gè)地方”，是地點(diǎn)副詞。

25、）I shall never forget the day when a boy helped me find my dog. （“在這一天”，是時(shí)間副詞）4.wish和hope: eq oac(,1)wish既可接to do sth. 也可接sb + to do sth. 也可接that從句.I wish to spend my summer holiday in Qingdao. I wish you to join my party this Sunday. I wish (that) I could be a scientist. （注：接that從句時(shí)，從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。） eq oa

26、c(,2)hope接to do sth. 或that從句. 但不接sb to do sth.I hope to receive a letter from you some day. I hope you will get well soon.I hope (that) everything goes well. （接從句時(shí)不用虛擬）5.thanks for和thanks to: Thanks for your helping me with the work. (此句表達(dá)對(duì)對(duì)方為自己做了某事的感謝，后無(wú)補(bǔ)充的結(jié)果。) Thanks to your suggestion, I didnt ma

27、ke such mistakes. (此句表達(dá)感謝由于某方所做的有利的事，出現(xiàn)了后面的結(jié)果。)26.感官動(dòng)詞用法之一：see, hear, listen to, watch, notice等詞，后接賓語(yǔ)，再接動(dòng)詞原形或ing形式。前者表全過(guò)程，后者表正在進(jìn)行。句中有頻率詞時(shí)，以上的詞也常跟動(dòng)詞原形。 I heard someone knocking at the door when I fell asleep. (我入睡時(shí)有人正敲門)2 I heard someone knock at the door three times. (聽的是全過(guò)程) I often watch my classm

28、ates play volleyball after school. (此處有頻率詞often) 若以上詞用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，后面原有動(dòng)詞原形改為帶to不定式： We saw him go into the restaurant. He was seen to go into the restaurant. I hear the boy cry every day. The boy is heard to cry every day.7.感官動(dòng)詞用法之二：look, sound, smell, taste, feel可當(dāng)系動(dòng)詞，后接形容詞。He looks angry. It sounds good

29、. The flowers smell beautiful. The sweets taste sweet. The silk feels soft. I felt tired. They all looked tired. 這些動(dòng)詞都不用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。如：The sweets are tasted sweet.是錯(cuò)誤的。 注意：如果加介詞like, 則后不可接形容詞，而接名詞或代詞： He looks like his mother. That sounds like a good idea. It sounds like great fun. It smells like a flower.

30、 It tastes like salt.8.find和think部分用法: find / think + 賓語(yǔ) + 賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。(代替賓從) 賓補(bǔ)有以下情況： eq oac(,1).名詞短語(yǔ) John found his son a clever boy. eq oac(,2.)形容詞短語(yǔ) Mrs. Smith thinks her husband kind of lazy. eq oac(,3.)有時(shí)賓補(bǔ)后可接帶to不定式 I found it hard to fool the girl. eq oac(,4)find后也有v-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。I found him reading

31、 a book just now.9.would like / want / feel like: eq oac(,1)would like，和want類似：都可接名詞短語(yǔ)：I would like / want another three desks. 都可接帶to 不定式：I would like / want to go out for a walk. 都可接sb,然后再跟帶to 不定式: I would like you to give me a hand. eq oac(,2)feel like: 后也可接名詞短語(yǔ)：Do you feel like some tea? 后若接動(dòng)詞，須

32、用動(dòng)詞ing形式：Do you feel like having a walk? I dont feel like drinking tea. 【注：feel like常用于疑問(wèn)句或否定句中?！?0.詞序易錯(cuò)的短語(yǔ)： eq oac(,1)形容詞修飾不定代詞或不定副詞，形容詞在后面。Is there anything delicious in the fridge? Nothing serious. There is something wrong with the computer. I want to go somewhere warm. eq oac(,2)else修飾疑問(wèn)詞和不定代詞、不

33、定副詞，也放在后面。 What else can you see in the picture? Who else is in the room? Do you have anything else to say? Where else can you see it?3 eq oac(,3)enough修飾形容詞和副詞，enough 放在后面。3 This sweater is cheap enough. Nemo is old enough to work. He ran fast enough to catch up with the dog. She doesnt listen care

34、fully enough. 11.對(duì)“評(píng)價(jià)”、“天氣”的提問(wèn)之區(qū)別： eq oac(,1)What do you think of ?= How do you like ? =How / What do you feel about?“你對(duì)怎么看？”(How?句中有l(wèi)ike，是動(dòng)詞。) eq oac(,2)Whats the weather like in? = How is the weather in?“的天氣什么樣?”(What?句中有l(wèi)ike，是介詞，“像”。而How?句中無(wú)like.)12.take, cost, pay, spend區(qū)別： eq oac(,1)It + take +

35、 sb + some time + to do sth： It took us half an hour to cut down the tree. eq oac(,2)物 + cost + sb + 錢： The bag cost me thirty yuan. 若cost后無(wú)sb, 則譯作“價(jià)錢是”： The bag costs 30 Yuan. eq oac(,3)人+ pay + sb + 錢 + for sth： I paid the seller 200 Yuan for the bike. (pay后所加內(nèi)容可視具體情況取舍。切記for后接的是物，而不是人或錢。) eq oac(

36、,4)人 + spend + 時(shí)間/ 錢 + on sth / (in) doing sth. The girl spent two hours (in) searching the Internet. The girl always spends much money on her clothes. spend 有時(shí)可指“度過(guò)”：spend holiday / weekends / winter13.雙賓結(jié)構(gòu)：pass / give / teach / offer / lend / send / sell / call / show / buy / ask / tell 等可加雙賓結(jié)構(gòu)。也就

37、是接sb + sth. Pass me the book, please. He gave us some pens. 其中pass, give, offer, lend, send, sell, show等也可接sth + to sb. 如: lend the book to me. buy, build等可接sth + for sb. My brother bought a dictionary for me. 另外，若sth是代詞時(shí)，不用雙賓結(jié)構(gòu)。Please show it to me. 而不說(shuō)show me it.14.部分詞作連詞與介詞：（連詞接句子，介詞接名詞或代詞） Keep

38、careful when you are listening to the teacher. （斜體部分是句子，when是連詞） Keep careful when listening to the teacher. （斜體部分是名詞短語(yǔ)，when是介詞） 類似的，while, than, before, after, as, since, until等。 如：Ill wait until I hear from her. （連詞） Ill wait until hearing from her. (介詞) Ill wait until next Friday / September / 11

39、:00. （接的都是表時(shí)間的短語(yǔ)，until是介詞）15.動(dòng)詞ed與動(dòng)詞ing作形容詞用法之一: eq oac(,1). 動(dòng)詞ed作形容詞：表示被動(dòng)或已發(fā)生,常作定語(yǔ)。The boy named Peter is my friend. 那個(gè)叫做彼得的男孩是我的朋友。此處是后置定語(yǔ)，劃線部分起修飾作用，下同。4Hes eating fried chicken. “他在吃炸雞?！弊鯿hicken的4There is no time left. “沒時(shí)間剩余了?！弊鰐ime的后置定語(yǔ)。I have read a novel written by Lu Xun.我讀了一部魯迅寫的小說(shuō)。做后置定語(yǔ)。下同

40、。He lives in a house built twenty years ago. 他住在一個(gè)二十年前被建造的房子里。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，定語(yǔ)部分不只一個(gè)詞時(shí)， 常放在名詞的后面。 eq oac(,2)動(dòng)詞ing作形容詞：表示正在進(jìn)行或表示功能，常作定語(yǔ)。 the crying boy, a running bus, the rising sun, a bus running on the road, the boy crying in the corner (以上表示正在進(jìn)行)a sitting room, the bathing suit, a cutting machine, writing

41、 paper (本行表示功能)16.動(dòng)詞ed與動(dòng)詞ing作形容詞用法之二： 由一些及物動(dòng)詞派生而來(lái)，和心理感受有關(guān)，但ed修飾人，ing常修飾物。 以下詞凡是譯為“使”的及物動(dòng)詞，其ed形式的形容詞都譯為“感到的”，其ing形式的形容詞都譯為“令人(感到)的”。以下帶-ed形式的詞的各個(gè)短語(yǔ)一般都譯為“對(duì)感到”。excitingsurprisingamazingembarrassingencouragingfrustratinginterestingthrillingterrifyingpleasing, = pleasantsatisfyingfrighteningtiring boring

42、excitingsurprisingamazingembarrassingencouragingfrustratinginterestingthrillingterrifyingpleasing, = pleasantsatisfyingfrighteningtiring boringrelaxingfascinatingannoyingmovingworryingconfusingexcited (be d about)surprised (be d at)amazed (be d at)embarrassed(be ed in)encouraged(be ed at / by)frustr

43、ated (be d of)interested (be ed in)thrilled (be ed at)terrified (be terrified at/ of / with)pleased (be d with)satisfied(be satisfied with)frightened (be ed at / of )tired (be d of)bored (be d with)relaxed (無(wú)固定搭配)fascinated (be d by)annoyed (be ed with)moved (be d by)worried (be worried about)confus

44、ed (be confused about) excite（使興奮，使激動(dòng)） surprise（使驚訝，使吃驚） amaze（使吃驚） embarrass（使尷尬） encourage(使受鼓舞, 鼓勵(lì)) frustrate（使失望，使沮喪） interest（使感興趣） thrill（使激動(dòng)/ 緊張） terrify（使恐怖，使害怕） please （使高興，使?jié)M意） satisfy (使?jié)M意) frighten （使害怕，使驚懼） tire（使厭煩） bore（使厭煩） relax（使放松） fascinate（使著迷） annoy（使煩惱） move（使感動(dòng)） worry（使擔(dān)憂）5 c

45、onfuse（使困惑5 His words amazed me. The news frustrated us very much. (都是及物動(dòng)詞，后接人) His words were amazing. (修飾物) I was amazed at his words. (修飾人)How exciting the film is! （修飾物） He was moved by the movie. (修飾人)17.動(dòng)詞ing和帶to不定式作主語(yǔ)： To be a teacher is my dream. Working hard brings you success.Taking care o

46、f our environment is very important. To plant trees makes me happy. Reading books gives you knowledge. (以上各句謂語(yǔ)都用單數(shù)，見黑體部分) Listening and writing are both difficult. (此句主語(yǔ)因指兩件事，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)) 18.later / after / ago / before: eq oac(,1)later“時(shí)間后”結(jié)構(gòu)：時(shí)間段+later 常用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)。They went to Beijing five days later. (late

47、r前無(wú)時(shí)間段，單獨(dú)在句尾，常用于將來(lái)時(shí)：Ill see you later.) eq oac(,2)after“時(shí)間后”結(jié)構(gòu)：after+時(shí)間段，常用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)，和 eq oac(,1)相同。They went to Beijing after five days. The dog died after a week. (after也可加句子, 但主句不一定用一般過(guò)去時(shí)：Ill send you an e-mail after I get home. Return it to me after you finish it. 見2.) eq oac(,3)ago“時(shí)間前”結(jié)構(gòu)：時(shí)間段+ago,

48、 用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)。The Greens moved to Shanghai four weeks ago. I saw it ten minutes ago. (若有since+時(shí)間段+ago，常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：Mr. Li has worked here since 5 years ago.) eq oac(,4)before 單獨(dú)放在句尾，常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：“以前” I have been to London before. He has seen the film before. (若是時(shí)間段+before,常用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，“前”： I had seen the film two weeks

49、 before. We had found out the answer to the problem an hour before.) 19.四季：spring春；summer夏；autumn秋；winter冬；season季20.月：January, 一月； February, 二月； March, 三月； April, 四月； May, 五月；June, 六月； July, 七月； August, 八月； September, 九月； October, 十月；November, 十一月； December, 十二月。21.星期：Sunday, 周日；Monday, 周一；Tuesday,

50、 周二；Wednesday, 周三；Thursday, 周四；Friday, 周五；Saturday, 周六。Sunday是一周的第一天， Saturday是最后一天。22.“也”：either, 用于否定句的末尾。also, 通常挨著動(dòng)詞，少用于句尾。too, 通常在句尾，前常有逗號(hào)。as well, 只用于句尾, 前無(wú)逗號(hào)。 注意：后三個(gè)詞都不用于否定句。623.帶to不定式用法之一：帶to不定式有邏輯賓語(yǔ)在前時(shí)，to后動(dòng)詞用及物動(dòng)詞；不及物時(shí)需跟介詞。The work is too hard for me to do. （work做及物動(dòng)詞do的邏輯賓語(yǔ)）6 I have nothing

51、 to say. （nothing做及物動(dòng)詞say的邏輯賓語(yǔ)）I have a letter to write. （letter是及物動(dòng)詞write的邏輯賓語(yǔ)） 而以下情況有介詞：I have a pen to write a letter with. （ 用鋼筆寫信，所以要有“用”字，故加with.）The zoo is not a good place for animals to live in. （“住在動(dòng)物園里”，zoo是live in的邏輯賓語(yǔ)，故不及物動(dòng)詞live加介詞in. ） Tom has no friends to talk to. （friends 是talk to的邏

52、輯賓語(yǔ)，to不可少。） He runs too fast for us to catch up with. （he是catch up with的邏輯賓語(yǔ)，帶with.） There are no seats to sit on. （坐在座位上，故sit后要加on.） 24.(a) little / (a) few: eq oac(,1)few，little“幾乎沒有；少”否定詞。few加可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù), little加不可數(shù)名詞。 There is little water in the bottle, is there? (前否定，后肯定) Tom is so shy that he has

53、few friends. eq oac(,2)a few“一些”肯定詞，加可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù); a little“一些；一點(diǎn)”也是肯定詞，加不可數(shù)名詞。 Tom is not an Englishman , but he knows a little English. eq oac(,3)另外，在too, very, so等詞后用few, little; 在only, just, still等詞后用a few, a little. 而quite a few / a little 都譯為“很多”，分別相當(dāng)于many和much. （注：有時(shí)a little.并不是固定短語(yǔ)。如： a little she

54、ep譯為“一只小羊”）25.及物動(dòng)詞+副詞：put on (穿上) / put off (推遲) / put away (把整理好) / put up (舉起，搭起，掛起，張貼) / put down (放下) / put out(撲滅); break down(損壞，倒塌);turn on(打開) / turn off (關(guān)閉) / turn up (調(diào)大) / turn down(關(guān)小); get back(取回); use up(用光); cut up(切碎） eat up(吃光） sell out(賣完） cheer up(振作）give away(贈(zèng)送) / give out(發(fā)放)

55、 / give up(放棄) / give back(歸還); pick up(撿起、拿起) think up（想出；想起）; hand in (上交) / hand out(分發(fā)；散發(fā)); fix up(修理); work out(算出) dress up(打扮); help out(幫人解決); keep off / keep out(阻止；擋住)； take off(脫下) / take away(拿走) / take out(拿出); look up(查找) / look over(仔細(xì)查看); throw away / off (拋棄) wake up(叫醒); write down

56、(寫下); let down(使沮喪); make up(編造、組成)； set off(激起、觸發(fā))注：名詞做以上短語(yǔ)的賓語(yǔ)，可放在它們中間或后邊；而代詞做賓語(yǔ)，只放在中間。26.asas用法：中間加形容詞和副詞原級(jí)。 eq oac(,1)和一樣 His room is as big as mine. He runs as fast as I do / me / I. You should keep the room as clean as your brothers. eq oac(,2)asas possible / sb can “盡可能” We went there as soon

57、as possible. 7Listen to the teacher as carefully as you can. 7 eq oac(,3)有些短語(yǔ)有幾個(gè)意思：as soon as 和一樣快；一就； as much as和一樣多；多達(dá)； as long as和一樣長(zhǎng)；長(zhǎng)達(dá)；只要； as well as和一樣好；和一樣； as far as遠(yuǎn)達(dá)；就來(lái)說(shuō) (asas在否定句中也可說(shuō)soas.) 也可表示倍數(shù)： This room is twice as big as that one. 這個(gè)房間是那個(gè)房間的兩倍大。27.prefer用法：prefer sth to sth 或 prefer

58、doing sth to doing sth.“比起更喜歡” prefer to do sth rather than do sth寧愿也不愿 若單獨(dú)一個(gè)prefer，和like 用法類似，后接 to do sth 或 doing sth “更喜歡做某事”28. some-, any-, every-用法： eq oac(,1)some-“某，一些”，用于肯定的陳述句中。I have something to tell you. Maybe somebody has taken it. 若用于疑問(wèn)句中表示期待對(duì)方肯定的回答或表示請(qǐng)求或建議.Why not ask somebody to hel

59、p you? Shall we give him something to eat? What about some milk? Could you please lend me some chairs? Will you buy me some books? May I give you some tea? Would you like some milk?在一些”do some”短語(yǔ)中, 即使是疑問(wèn)句中, some也不變?yōu)閍ny. 如：Will you do some washing next Sunday? 這些短語(yǔ)有： do some shopping / cleaning / coo

60、king / sweeping / washing 等。 eq oac(,2)any-, 在疑問(wèn)句中仍譯為“某，一些”Do you have anything to say？ Is anybody in the house？ Have you seen it anywhere? 在if 引導(dǎo)的句中，常用any. 如：If you have any water, please give me some.在肯定句和否定句中譯為“任何” You may put the box anywhere in the room. He is taller than any other student in t