山西省長(zhǎng)治市寺底中學(xué)2023年高一英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末試題含解析

1、山西省長(zhǎng)治市寺底中學(xué)2023年高一英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末試題含解析一、 選擇題1. -Where _ the recorder_? I cant see it anywhere- I just put it right here. But now its gone. A. did; put B. has; been put C. had; been put D. has; put參考答案：B2. The problem is very difficult. Im afraid you cant work it out now.I fail this time, I will try it again.

2、A. Even if B. Since C. As if D. Though參考答案：A3. I didnt mean _ her. But talking like that means _her.A. to hurt; to hurt B. hurting; hurtingC. to hurt; hurtingD. hurting; to hurt參考答案：C4. It is the third time that she has won the race, _ has surprised us all.A. that B. whereC.whichD. what參考答案：C5. I or

3、der not to be disturbed, I spent three hours _ in my study. A. locking B. locked C. to lock D. being locked參考答案：B6. He was obviously annoyed，for he was not used to _ like that.A. speaking B. spoken to C. being spoken D. being spoken to參考答案：D略7. The shop was not far from here, so they went there on f

4、oot by bus.A. instead B. instead of C. more than D. than參考答案：B8. When you _ a task, problem, or situation in a particular way, you deal with it or think _ about it in that way.A. accuse B. acquireC. attach D. approach參考答案：D考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A. accuse控告，指責(zé)；B. acquire獲得，學(xué)會(huì)；C. attach附屬，附著； D. approach接近；動(dòng)手處理。“當(dāng)你以

5、特定方式處理任務(wù)、問(wèn)題或者情況時(shí)，你便會(huì)以這種方式處理或思考。”故選D。9. Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and _. A. acceptedB. considered C. learned D. digested 參考答案：D10. I think you should say sorry to me. You broke my cup._. You shouldnt have put your cup in my way.A. No wonder B. No w

6、ay C. No problem D No hurry參考答案：B略11. It _ long before we _ the result of the experiment.A. will not be; will know B. is; will know C. will not be; know D. is; know參考答案：C12. The train for the city at ten, so you have enough time to make preparations. A. leaves B. is leaving C. is to leave D. is goin

7、g to leave參考答案：A略13. Dont cheat in the exam-you will never _ it.A. get away with B. stay away from C. keep away from D. do away with參考答案：A14. Those successful deaf dancers think dancing is an activity _ sight matters more than hearing. A. when B. whose C. its D. where 參考答案：D15. - The price of the ga

8、s _ sharply during the several months.- So it has. I want to find someone to go to work with me to share the fee.A. has been put away B. has been put up C. has been put out D. has been put off參考答案：B二、 完型填空16. Children with learning disabilities (LD) often have problems. For many, strong _36_ of ange

9、r, shame, sadness, or disappointment can _37_ psychological difficulties such as anxiety, depression or low self-esteem.These problems can be far more than the _38_ challenges themselves.Several heading experts in the field of LD have offered suggestions on ways to help _39_ children from these prob

10、lems.To be most effective in supporting _40_ , it can help to understand some primary _41_ for the psychological and emotional challenges they may face.First, it is not difficult to see _42_ children with LD are at greater risk for developing psychological difficulties if one considers the repeated

11、failure they _43_ . Although they make efforts to “try harder,” children with LD may receive little _44_ feedback（反饋）. Their academic struggles and failures are often met with _45_ by teachers, peers and parents. Such disapproval can take the form of unpleasant labeling（標(biāo)簽）of a child _46_ “slow,” “l(fā)

12、azy” or “dumb.” _47_ developing a sense of pride in their accomplishments, children with LD may _48_ in disappointment and shame. Low self-esteem and a lack of confidence only _49_ prevent learning and academic success.The second reason is the _50_ difficulties they often experience. Research indica

13、tes that as many as 75% of kids with LD have such _51_ as making and keeping friends. Children with LD are less _52_ and often rejected by their peers. Teachers and other adults also may _53_ to have negative views of them.Such social rejection can result in _54_ of self-esteem and feelings of lonel

14、iness, which, _55_ , may lead to psychological difficulties such as anxiety and depression.36. A. feelings B. opinions C. ideas D. attitudes37. A. get B. cause C. solve D. overcome38. A. physical B. mental C. potential D. academic39. A. preview B. protect C. remove D. separate40. A. children B. expe

15、rts C. teachers D. parents41. A. rules B. ways C. reasons D. directions42. A. why B. where C. which D. when43. A. experience B. practise C. possess D. find44. A. timely B. hopeful C. subjective D. positive45. A. courage B. sympathy C. disapproval D. respect46. A. for B. as C. with D. to47. A. In fav

16、or of B. Instead of C. Because of D. In terms of48. A. work out B. turn away C. break off D. end up49. A. further B. hardly C. even D. slightly50. A. social B. general C. personal D. cultural51. A. mistakes B. values C. chances D. difficulties52. A. controlled B. requested C. submitted D. accepted53

17、. A. tend B. mean C. prefer D. pretend54. A. need B. pride C. loss D. awareness55. A. in general B. in particular C. in total D. in turn參考答案：36. A 37. B 38. D 39. B 40. A 41. C 42. A 43. A 44. D 45. C 46. B 47. B 48. D 49. A 50. A 51. D 52. D 53. A 54. C 55. D這是一篇議論文，闡述了有讀寫障礙的學(xué)生遇到的很多困難由于先天的讀寫障礙，他們的努

18、力得不到老師、同學(xué)甚至家長(zhǎng)的認(rèn)可，受到同齡人的排擠，而這些使他們產(chǎn)生了焦慮、沮喪等心理障礙，嚴(yán)重缺乏自尊心與自信心【36題詳解】考查名詞憤怒、羞愧、傷心、失望，這些都是情感（feelings），而不是觀點(diǎn)、想法、態(tài)度故選A【37題詳解】動(dòng)詞辨析題這些強(qiáng)烈的情感會(huì)導(dǎo)致焦慮、沮喪等心理障礙，用cause表示引起，導(dǎo)致故選B【38題詳解】語(yǔ)境題本文談?wù)摰氖怯凶x寫障礙的孩子，因此本題選D項(xiàng)：academic學(xué)業(yè)上的，此處譯為：他們所遇到的心理困難往往比學(xué)業(yè)方面的挑戰(zhàn)還大故選D【39題詳解】固定搭配題這里用protectfrom表示保護(hù)針對(duì)如何保護(hù)學(xué)生免受這些問(wèn)題的困擾，學(xué)習(xí)障礙研究領(lǐng)域的一些一流的專家

19、提出了一些建議故選B【40題詳解】語(yǔ)境題文章開(kāi)頭就提出了本文討論的對(duì)象：children with LD，因此本空選A為了在幫助孩子克服這些障礙時(shí)獲得最大的成效故選A【41題詳解】固定搭配題我們首先要弄清楚他們所面對(duì)的心理和情緒方面的困難與挑戰(zhàn)是由什么引起的reason常與for搭配，表示的原因，理由最后一段第一句中的The second reason也有暗示故選C【42題詳解】語(yǔ)境理解題作者在此分析原因：首先，假如那么我們就不難理解為什么有讀寫障礙的孩子更容易形成心理方面的障礙這里用why引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，表示為什么會(huì)出現(xiàn)這樣的情況故選A【43題詳解】名詞辨析題這里用experience表示經(jīng)歷

20、，經(jīng)受假如我們考慮一下他們經(jīng)受的一次次的失敗故選A【44題詳解】形容詞辨析題這些有讀寫障礙的孩子更努力地學(xué)習(xí)，但是他們的收效甚微這里用positive（肯定的，積極的）故選D【45題詳解】語(yǔ)境辨析題這里敘述的是他們?cè)趯W(xué)業(yè)方面面臨的挑戰(zhàn)與困難，由此及下一句判斷本題選C，disapproval不贊成：他們的這些努力沒(méi)有帶來(lái)積極的收效，也不能得到老師、同齡人和父母的肯定下一句中的disapproval是線索提示故選C【46題詳解】固定搭配題從語(yǔ)境看，label用作動(dòng)詞表示用標(biāo)簽標(biāo)明，（用稱呼或綽號(hào)不公正地）描述，把稱為；labelas把稱作，把說(shuō)成是：對(duì)這些孩子的努力所作出的責(zé)難，就是稱這些孩子遲鈍

21、、懶惰、愚蠢故選B【47題詳解】詞組辨析題空格處語(yǔ)意為：這樣一來(lái)，這些有讀寫障礙的孩子靠自己的成就換來(lái)的不是驕傲，而是失望和羞愧instead of代替，而不是，符合語(yǔ)境in favor of贊成，支持，because of 因?yàn)?，由于，in terms of依據(jù)，從方面來(lái)說(shuō)，都不符合語(yǔ)境故選B【48題詳解】詞組辨析題參見(jiàn)上題解析這里用end up表示以結(jié)束，符合語(yǔ)境work out計(jì)算出，鍛煉；turn away拒絕（某人）進(jìn)入，轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)臉去；break off中斷，突然停止故選D【49題詳解】副詞辨析題空格處語(yǔ)意為：這樣一來(lái)，孩子就會(huì)自尊心很弱，缺乏自信，這會(huì)進(jìn)一步阻礙他們的學(xué)習(xí)further

22、：進(jìn)一步故選D【50題詳解】語(yǔ)境理解題下文提到這些孩子在結(jié)交朋友和維持友誼方面的情況social表示社交的，交際的故選A【51題詳解】名詞辨析題全文探討的是有讀寫障礙的孩子遭遇的各種困難，前面一句說(shuō)他們所經(jīng)歷的社交困難，此處舉出有困難的例子，由此判斷選D：difficulties困難，而不是A錯(cuò)誤，B價(jià)值，C機(jī)會(huì)故選D【52題詳解】理解判斷題前面說(shuō)這些孩子很難結(jié)交朋友和維持友誼，下文說(shuō)他們受到同齡人的排斥，因此本題選D，很難被他人接受（accepted）故選【53題詳解】動(dòng)詞辨析題這里用tend to do sth表示往往傾向于做某事，易于做某事此處譯為：老師和其他成年人往往對(duì)他們的評(píng)價(jià)也不好

23、故選A【54題詳解】名詞辨析題空格處語(yǔ)意為：這樣就會(huì)使他們喪失自尊，覺(jué)得孤獨(dú)loss喪失故選C【55題詳解】語(yǔ)境辨析題從語(yǔ)境的連貫看，這里用in turn表示轉(zhuǎn)而空格處語(yǔ)意為：而這樣的情況轉(zhuǎn)而又使他們產(chǎn)生焦慮、沮喪等心理方面的問(wèn)題故選D三、 閱讀理解17. Crossing your legs is an extremely common habit; most people dont even notice that theyre doing it when they sit down. While you may find it comfortable to sit with one kn

24、ee crossed over the other, it might be causing health problems that you are not aware of.A study published in Blood Pressure Monitoring stated that sitting with your legs crossed can increase your blood pressure. The reason for this is that the blood in your legs has to work against gravity to be pu

25、mped back to your heart and that crossing one leg over the other increases resistance(阻力), making it even harder for the blood to circulate. This causes your body to increase your blood pressure to push the blood back to the heart. You wont feel any immediate effects, but repeated, drawn-out increas

26、es in blood pressure can cause long-term health problems. So, planning to sit for a long period of time? Dont keep your legs crossed.Crossing your legs at the knee can also cause pressure on the major nerve in your leg that passes just below your knee and along the outside of your leg, explains Rich

27、ard Graves, a medical expert. This pressure can cause numbness and temporary paralysis (麻痹) of some of the muscles in your foot and leg, preventing you from being able to raise your anklewhat we know as that“pins and needles”sensation. While the feeling of discomfort may only last a minute or two, r

28、epeatedly crossing your legs until they feel numb can cause permanent nerve damage.So next time you sit down, try to get yourself in the habit of sitting with both of your feet on the floor. Not only will it help your posture and stability, but it will also save your health in the long run.8. What c

29、an we learn about crossing ones legs?A. It is a very bad social habit.B. It is usually practiced on purpose.C. It can do harm to peoples health.D. It can make others feel uncomfortable.9. According to the study, sitting with your legs crossed can_.A. affect your blood pressureB. resist gravity effec

30、tivelyC. lead to heart attacks easilyD. improve the function of legs10. In the third paragraph pins and needles probably means_.A. slight sharp painsB. being a little nervousC. serious muscle injuriesD. being highly flexible11. What is the main purpose of the text?A. To compare common habits.B. To g

31、ive readers some advice.C. To evaluate effects of an experiment.D. To introduce research methods.參考答案：8. C 9. A 10. A 11. B本文主要講述就坐時(shí)蹺二郎腿對(duì)人體健康的危害，呼吁人們改掉這一習(xí)慣。【8題詳解】C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中While you may find it comfortable to sit with one knee crossed over the other, it might be causing health problems that you a

32、re not aware of.可知翹二郎腿對(duì)人的身體有害。故選C?！?題詳解】A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句A study published in Blood Pressure Monitoring stated that sitting with your legs crossed can increase your blood pressure.可知翹二郎腿影響你的血壓。故選A?！?0題詳解】A詞義猜測(cè)題。第四段中This pressure can cause numbness and temporary paralysis (麻痹) of some of the muscles in

33、 your foot and leg, preventing you from being able to raise your ankleWhile the feeling of discomfort may only last a minute or two, repeatedly crossing your legs until they feel numb can cause permanent nerve damage.可知，盡管這種不舒適可能只是持續(xù)一、二分鐘，長(zhǎng)期蹺二郎腿導(dǎo)致的刺痛感或者麻木感，可知?jiǎng)澗€單詞的意思是“手腳發(fā)麻”，故選A。【11題詳解】B主旨大意題。文章闡釋說(shuō)明蹺二

34、郎腿對(duì)人體健康的影響。文章在最后一段呼吁人們，不要就坐時(shí)蹺二郎腿，而應(yīng)該保持兩腳平放，這樣有助于平穩(wěn)的狀態(tài)和長(zhǎng)久的健康。故選B。18. What will man be like in the futurein 5000 or even 50, 000 years from now? We can only make guesses, of course, but we can be sure that he will be different from what he is today, for man is slowly changing all the time. Let us take

35、 an obvious example. Man, even five hundred years ago , was shorter than he is today. Now, on average, men are about three inches taller. Five hundred years is a ly short period of time, so we may assume that man will continue to grow taller. Again, in the modem world we use our brains a great deal.

36、 Even so, we still make use of only about 20% of the brain s capacity(容量). As time goes on , however , we shall have to use our brains more and more, and eventually we shall need larger ones! This is likely to bring about a physical change too: the head, in particular the forehead, will grow larger.

37、 Nowadays our eyes are in constant use. In fact , we use them so much that very often they become weaker and we have to wear glasses. But over a very long period of time it is likely that man s eyes will grow stronger. On the other hand, we tend to make less use of our arms and legs. These, as a res

38、ult, are likely to grow weaker. At the same time, however , our fingers will grow more sensitive（敏感的） because they are used a great deal in modern life. But what about hair? This will probably disappear from the body altogether in course of time because it does not serve a useful purpose any longer. In the future, then, both sexes are likely to be bald. Perhaps all this gives the impression that future man will not be a very a