2014屆高考英語語法復(fù)習(xí)課件：名詞性從句

1、名詞性從句 考 綱 解 讀掌握名詞性從句的基本知識，能區(qū)分定語從句和名詞性從句，特別是定語從句和同位語從句的區(qū)別。 考 情 解 讀 考點 題量年份名詞性從句主語從句賓語從句表語從句同位語從句20085311200927042010211302011562320126503 趨 勢 解 讀 1名詞性從句是復(fù)合句結(jié)構(gòu)、分類最為復(fù)雜的部分，高考熱點之一；2連接詞辨析，從句語序，有關(guān)名詞性從句的句型考查較多；3近年閱讀材料，尤其科普類文章出現(xiàn)的長句中多含有名詞性從句，對理解造成障礙。易錯警示It is very hard for Mary to work there for _she does can

2、t satisfy her boss.Awhat Bwhatever Cwhich Dwhichever易誤選A學(xué)生認(rèn)為后面主語從句缺少賓語，并且也沒有范圍要求，易誤選A，正確答案為B，whatever相當(dāng)于anything that。What made her upset?_she lost her bike.AThat B CWhich DBecause易誤選D、B學(xué)生極易根據(jù)漢語思維，誤選D，此處考查主語從句，省略了后面部分，補全應(yīng)為That she lost her bike made her upset，that雖只起引導(dǎo)作用，但不可缺少。正確答案為A。_ well go campi

3、ng depends on weather.AWhich BThat CIf DWhether易誤選C學(xué)生易從熟悉的賓語從句遷移，誤選C，此處考查主語從句，if在名詞性從句中只可引導(dǎo)賓語從句且有限制，正確答案為D。Could I speak to _is in charge of International Sales, please?Aanyone BsomeoneCwhoever Dno matter who易誤選B、D學(xué)生易依據(jù)漢語思維，誤選B，或不知何種從句而誤選D。此處考查賓語從句，whever可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句和讓步狀語從句，而no matter wh只引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，正確答案C。

4、_ leaves last should turn off the lights.AWho BWhom CWhoever DWhomever易誤選A學(xué)生觀察到主語從句缺少主語，憑借所謂的“語感”而極易誤選A。whoever/whomever從句此處表示“的人”，who/whom從句意為“誰”，表示一件事情。正確答案C。I do believe he can help me out and _he will come to my rescue.A. Bthat Cwhat Dwhich易誤選A學(xué)生極易根據(jù)that引導(dǎo)賓語從句常省略的慣例而誤選A，此處考查多個that從句作同一動詞的賓語，除第一個

5、that可省外，其余均不可省，若設(shè)計于短文改錯中，難度更大。正確答案B。A school building is being built at _ used to be a church.Awhich Bthat Cwhat Dwhere易誤選D學(xué)生根據(jù)漢語邏輯“地方”而易誤選where，此處考查賓語從句，缺主語，正確答案C?？键c精析 基 礎(chǔ) 盤 點1名詞性從句包括主語從句、賓語從 句、表語從句、同位語從句。3as/if/as though也可引導(dǎo)表語從句。 熱 門 考 點1what/whatever從句；2who/whom/whoever/whomever從句；3what/which/wha

6、tever/whichever從句；4whever與no matter wh；5it作形式主語或形式賓語；6同位語從句的后移現(xiàn)象；7名詞性從句的語序；8whether/if從句。 關(guān) 注 節(jié) 點(2012遼寧卷)The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for _he could find about Mark Twain.Awherever Bhowever Cwhatever Dwhichever答案Cwhatever在賓語從句中作find的賓語。熱點21(湖南卷)She is very dear to us.

7、We have been prepared to do _it takes to save her life.Awhichever Bhowever Cwhatever Dwhoever答案C句意：她是我們心愛的寶貝。我們準(zhǔn)備不惜一切代價挽救她的生命。do后的賓語從句缺賓語，故選whatever(anything that)，引導(dǎo)賓語從句，又作takes的賓語。在名詞性從句中whatever語氣強，一般相當(dāng)于what，可被其代替。He will do what/whatever he can to help us.兩者均可，whatever最佳。(2012福建卷)We promise _att

8、ends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.Awho Bwhom Cwhoever Dwhomever答案Cwhoever在賓語從句中作主語，promise sb sth結(jié)構(gòu)。熱點22The prize will be given to _performs best.Awho Bwhom Cwhoever Dwhomever答案Cwhoever在賓語從句中作主語，whoeveranyone who。whoever/whomever名詞性從句表示“的人”；who/whom名詞性從句表示“誰”一件事。(2012

9、陜西卷)As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose _suits you best.Awhatever Bwhichever Cwhenever Dwherever答案Bwhichever course在賓語從句中作主語，course上下文中省略。熱點23I was informed Mr. Black came from Cambridge or Oxford _now I cant remember.Awhat Bwhich Cwhere Dwhen答案B這里主要考查where(what)還是which。

10、思路是這樣的，當(dāng)有備選范圍時，就用which，如果沒有就用where或what，根據(jù)具體情況。如比較下列兩句：a.What do you like to read in the library? bThere are so many kinds of books in the library, which kind do you like to read best？故本題選B。I dont know what color she likes.which在名詞性從句中作定語whichn./pron.(單數(shù))有范圍So many books here, I dont know which one

11、I should take.(2009陜西卷)The howto book can be of help to _wants to do the job.Awho BwhomeverCno matter who Dwhoever答案D此處考查賓語從句，whoever在從句中作主語。熱點24_much work you must do, you should have a good rest._much work you must do cant prevent you from a good sleep.You can fetch _you like.You can fetch it _you

12、 like.答案However/no matter howHoweverwhatever whatever/no matter whathowever/whatever的適當(dāng)形式填空鑒別辦法：截枝法將從句去除，若主句主干結(jié)構(gòu)即主謂(賓)/主系表完整，則考查狀語從句(定語從句無whever引導(dǎo)詞，同位語從句whever從未考查)；若主句結(jié)構(gòu)不完整，則考查名詞性從句。(2011江西卷)Why dont you bring _to his attention that youre too ill to work on?Athat Bit Cthis Dhim答案Bit作形式賓語，that youre

13、 too ill to work on作真正賓語。熱點25Awhether Bhere Cwhich Dthat答案DIt occurred to sb that.表示“某人想到”。句意：他突然想到把鑰匙落在辦公室里了。it是形式主語，主語從句成分完整，不能用連接代詞which引導(dǎo)；whether與where不符合句意。(2012江西卷)It suddenly occurred to him _he had left his keys in the office.Ait Bthis Cthat Done答案Ait作形式賓語，that從句為真正的賓語。We feel _our duty that

14、 we should make our country a better place.常見句型(2012重慶卷)Evidence has been found through years of study _childrens early sleeping problems are likely to continue when then grow up.Awhy Bhow Cwhether Dthat答案Dthat childrens early.grow up是同位語從句，解釋evidence內(nèi)容，本句為同位語從句后移現(xiàn)象。熱點26(2011遼寧卷)When the news came _

15、the war broke out, he decided to serve in the army.Asince Bwhich Cthat Dbecause答案C句意：當(dāng)傳來戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)的消息的時候，他決定去參軍。the war broke out是news的具體內(nèi)容，因此這是同位語從句，作news的同位語，且從句中不缺少句子成分，所以用連詞that。that引導(dǎo)同位語從句雖不作任何成分，但不能省略。同位語從句后移現(xiàn)象1同位語從句為了句子結(jié)構(gòu)平衡，從主句謂語之前移至 主句謂語之后。2定語從句后移現(xiàn)象與之極為類似，只是從句性質(zhì)不 同，詳見定語從句熱點13。Someone is ringing th

16、e doorbell.Go and see _Awho is he Bwho he isCwho is it Dwho it is答案D考查賓語從句語序和it指代人的用法。熱點27Awhat is the matter Bwhat the matter isCwhat the matter was Dwhat was matter答案A考查從句語序。what is the matter為主系表結(jié)構(gòu)。Awhere was it Bwhere was it thatCwhere it was Dwhere it was that答案D考查從句語序。在從句中須用陳述語序。He looks upset

17、 but I dont know _with him.I wonder _I met him before!1雖然所有從句(省略、倒裝特殊句式除外)都須是陳述語序，但涉及從句語序問題，大多考查名詞性從句，尤其賓語從句。2近年來強調(diào)句型和名詞性從句結(jié)合考查語序比較常見。(2012天津卷)It doesnt matter _you turn right or left at the crossingboth roads lead to the park.Awhether Bhow Cif Dwhen答案Ait為形式主語，考查主語從句，if只能引導(dǎo)賓語從句且有限制。熱點28Ahow Bwhether

18、 Cwhat Dwhy答案B題干的意思是：“在這家商店里，無論你用現(xiàn)金支付還是用信用卡支付都無關(guān)緊要?！庇蒊t doesnt matter“沒關(guān)系”可知后面的意思應(yīng)該是“無論(不管)還是”，又根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞or就很容易確定選B項，構(gòu)成固定搭配whether.or.。how“如何”；what“什么”；why“為什么”。(2012山東卷)It doesnt matter _you pay by cash or credit card in this store.Awhere Bwhether Cthat Dwhy答案B句意：一個人的智力極限，通常來說，出生時就已經(jīng)定型了。但他是否能夠達到這些極

19、限取決于他所處的環(huán)境。根據(jù)depend on可知，主語從句含有不確定因素，可排除C。where表示地點，why表示原因，用于此處不合適，而使用whether表示“是否”，與題意吻合。(2012安徽卷)The limits of a persons intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but _he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.Athat Bwhat Chow Dwhether答案B句意：盡管已經(jīng)有近兩千名病人服用了這種藥品，但是，這種藥品會帶來什么

20、副作用還不明確?？疾槊~性從句。設(shè)空處需引導(dǎo)主語從句，that無實際意義，在從句中不作成分；what什么，在從句中可作主語、賓語或表語，還可作定語修飾名詞；how如何，多么，在從句中作方式狀語或修飾形容詞、副詞；whether是否，在從句中作狀語，不修飾名詞。side effect為名詞短語，故需用what修飾。(2010浙江卷)It is uncertain _side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it.whetherif4種名詞性從句賓語從句(有限制)whether to doif to dowhether從句可作介詞賓語if從句不作介詞賓語I dont know whether or not he will come.I