廣東省惠州市博羅縣華僑中學(xué)高二英語(yǔ)期末試卷含解析

1、廣東省惠州市博羅縣華僑中學(xué)高二英語(yǔ)期末試卷含解析一、 選擇題1. When you report this story to the police, dont any important detail.A. bring out B. let out C. leave out D. put out參考答案：C2. How are the things in your village? Modern farming methods have been brought in and the villagers are _ now than before.A. well off B. better o

2、ff C. badly off D. worse off參考答案：B3. Is that 120? My brother is seriously ill -Ok . Help is _.A. in the way B. in many ways C. on the way D. by the way參考答案：C4. -Jack is Janes brother.-_he reminds me much of Jane.A. No doubt B. No wonderC. Above all D. Of course參考答案：BA項(xiàng)no doubt 意為“毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)”B項(xiàng)“難怪，并不奇怪，不足為

3、奇。”C項(xiàng)意為“首要，最重要的”D項(xiàng)“of course ”意為“當(dāng)然”綜合四個(gè)選項(xiàng)B項(xiàng)最為符合題意，故該句話意為“杰克是簡(jiǎn)的兄弟，難怪他會(huì)老是提到他。故本題選擇B項(xiàng)。5. My parents_ in Hong Kong. They were born there and have lived nowhere else.A. live B. lived C. were living D. had lived參考答案：A略6. -Its burning hot today, isnt it?-Yes. _ yesterday. A. So was it B. So it was C. So i

4、t is D. So is it參考答案：A7. 參考答案：B略8. -Why _ you stay in the countryside, where it is not convenient to go shopping? - But Ive found it rather valuable for my health. A .can B. must C. may D. shall參考答案：B略9. It hit me _ my mother could be the proper person to persuade dad to change his mind. A. which B.

5、 what C. that D. if參考答案：C略10. How is your recent trip to Sichuan? Ive never had one before. A. a pleasant B. a more pleasant C. a most pleasant D. the most pleasant參考答案：B略11. The discovery of new evidence led to _.A. the thief having caughtB. caught the thiefC. the thiefs being caughtD. the thief to

6、 be caught 參考答案：C略12. _you were coming，I would have stayed at home.AIf I knowBShould I knowCHad I knownD. If I should have known參考答案：C13. The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday, but _ didnt help. A. he B. she C. which D. it 參考答案：D 14. 一When do we need to pay the bill? _ Sept

7、ember 30.A. During B. By C. In D. Within參考答案：B15. I watched the machine disposing of the waste using the principles of ecology, _ by its efficiency.A. absorbed B. demanded C. informed D. concentrated參考答案：A二、 填空16. You can relax if remembering everything is not your strong suit. Recent research makes

8、 the case that being forgetful can be a strengthin fact, selective memory can even be a sign of stronger intelligence.Traditional research on memory has focused on the advantages of remembering everything. But looking through years of recent memory data, researchers Paul Frankland and Blake Richards

9、 of the University of Toronto found that the neurobiology（神經(jīng)生物學(xué)） of forgetting can be just as important to our decision-making as what our minds choose to remember.“The goal of memory is not the transmission of information through time. Rather, the goal of memory is to help improve decision-making.

10、As such, transience（轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝） is as important as persistence in memory systems，” their study in Neuron states.Making intelligent decisions does not mean you need to have all the information at hand, it just means you need to hold onto the most valuable information. And that means clearing up space in yo

11、ur memory palace for the most up-to-date information on situations. Our brains do this by generating new neurons（神經(jīng)元） in our hippocampus（海馬體）, which have the power to overwrite existing memories that are influencing our decision-making.“If youre trying to deal with the situation and your brain is co

12、nstantly bringing up multiple conflicting memories, that makes it harder for you to make a wise decision，” Richards told Science Daily.If you want to increase the number of new neurons in your brains learning region, try exercising. Moderate aerobic exercise like jogging, power walking, and swimming

13、 have been found to increase the number of neurons making important connections in our brains.When we forget the names of certain clients and details about old jobs, our brain is making a choice that these details do not matter. Although too much forgetfulness can be a cause for concern, the occasio

14、nal lost detail can be a sign of a perfectly healthy memory system. The researchers found that our brains facilitate decision-making by stopping us from focusing too much on minor past details. Instead, the brain promotes generalization, helping us remember the most important gist of a conversation.

15、“One of the things that distinguishes an environment where youre going to want to remember stuff versus an environment where you want to forget stuff is this question of how consistent the environment is and how likely things are to come back into your life，” Richards said.If youre an analyst who me

16、ets with a client weekly, your brain will recognize that this is a client whose name and story you need to remember. If this is someone you may never meet again, your brain will weigh that information accordingly.These findings show us that total recall can be overrated. Our brains are working smart

17、er when they aim to remember the right stories, not every story.Title：Being Forgetful Might Actually Mean Youre _46_IntroductionRecent research proves that being forgetful can be a strength, for forgetting and selective memory are of _47_importance in our decision-making.The goal of memoryPeople tak

18、e advantage of memory to make good decisions rather than_48_ information._49_ of being forgetfulIt helps us forget outdated information.Making wise decisions involves the existing memories making _50_for the latest information.Meanwhile, too much contradictory information in memory can do harm to ou

19、r decision-making.Exercising helps increase neurons, contributing to our _51_ decision-making.It helps us see the big _52_After _53_the information it gets, the brain chooses to focus on the key points, occasionally forgetting unimportant past details.Whether to remember or forget particular stuff i

20、s _54_by the degree of the consistency of the environment and the _55_ of things reappearing later in life.ConclusionOur brains are working smarter when aiming to remember the right stories, not every story.參考答案：46. Smarter 47. equal 48. transmit 49. Advantages/Benefits 50. way/space/room 51. improv

21、ed/better 52. picture 53. weighing/comparing 54. determined/decided 55. likelihood/chance/possibility/probability本文是說(shuō)明文，大腦通過(guò)權(quán)衡比較后，有選擇的遺忘一些舊的或無(wú)關(guān)緊要的信息，選擇性遺忘會(huì)使我們的大腦更聰明。【46題詳解】考查對(duì)文章的理解和形容詞。根據(jù)文章最后一段These findings show us that total recall can be overrated. Our brains are working smarter when they aim to

22、remember the right stories, not every story.可知研究結(jié)果表明當(dāng)我們只記住重點(diǎn)而不是所有內(nèi)容時(shí)，選擇性遺忘會(huì)使我們的大腦更聰明。與句中Our brains are working smarter一致，故填Smarter.【47題詳解】考查對(duì)文章的理解和形容詞。根據(jù)第一段being forgetful can be a strengthin fact, selective memory can even be a sign of stronger intelligence.和第二段that the neurobiology of forgetting c

23、an be just as important to our decision-making as what our minds choose to remember.可知健忘可能是一種力量事實(shí)上，選擇性記憶和我們的決定一樣重要。根據(jù)as important as,故填equal.【48題詳解】考查對(duì)文章的理解和動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)第三段中The goal of memory is not the transmission of information through time. Rather, the goal of memory is to help improve decision-making.

24、可知記憶的目標(biāo)不是通過(guò)時(shí)間傳遞信息。相反,記憶的目標(biāo)是幫助提高決定。根據(jù)the transmission of information此處用其動(dòng)詞形式，故填transmit.【49題詳解】考查對(duì)文章的理解和名詞。根據(jù)本項(xiàng)內(nèi)容中It helps us forget outdated information.和It helps us see the big _7_可知此項(xiàng)是介紹健忘的好處或優(yōu)點(diǎn)，故填A(yù)dvantages/Benefits.【50題詳解】考查對(duì)文章的理解和名詞。根據(jù)第四段And that means clearing up space in your memory palace fo

25、r the most up-to-date information on situations.可知健忘能夠清理大腦空間，為記住最新信息做準(zhǔn)備。根據(jù)clearing up space可知是清理空間，騰地方，故填way/space/room.【51題詳解】考查對(duì)文章的理解和形容詞。根據(jù)第六段If you want to increase the number of new neurons in your brains learning region, try exercising. increase the number of neurons making important connectio

26、ns in our brains.可知鍛煉有助于增加大腦學(xué)習(xí)區(qū)域的新神經(jīng)元的數(shù)量，幫助我們更好地做決定。故填improved/better.【52題詳解】考查對(duì)文章的理解和名詞。根據(jù)后面內(nèi)容可知大腦通過(guò)權(quán)衡比較后，有選擇的遺忘一些舊的或無(wú)關(guān)緊要的信息。記住或忘記特定的東西取決于環(huán)境的一致性程度和事情在以后的生活中重現(xiàn)的可能性。這些都說(shuō)明健忘能夠幫助我們記住重要信息，顧全大局。故填picture.【53題詳解】考查對(duì)文章的理解和動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)第七段When we forget the names of certain clients and details about old jobs, our b

27、rain is making a choice that these details do not matter.可知大腦通過(guò)權(quán)衡比較后，有選擇的遺忘一些舊的或無(wú)關(guān)緊要的信息。指權(quán)衡比較，故填weighing/comparing.【54題詳解】考查對(duì)文章的理解和動(dòng)詞形式。根據(jù)第八段One of the things that distinguishes an environment where youre going to want to remember stuff versus an environment where you want to forget stuff is this qu

28、estion of how consistent the environment is and how likely things are to come back into your life.中how consistent the environment is可知記住或忘記特定的東西取決于環(huán)境的一致性程度，故填determined/decided.【55題詳解】考查對(duì)文章的理解和名詞。根據(jù)第八段One of the things that distinguishes an environment where youre going to want to remember stuff ver

29、sus an environment where you want to forget stuff is this question of how consistent the environment is and how likely things are to come back into your life.中how likely things are to come back into your life.可知記住或忘記特定的東西取決于環(huán)境的一致性程度和事情在以后的生活中重現(xiàn)的可能性。與likely意思一致，此處用名詞，表示“可能性”，故填likelihood/chance/possi

30、bility/probability.三、 閱讀理解17. Can you believe everything that you read? It seems as if every day, some new articles come out about a new discovery about this or that. For example, water is bad for you, or good for you. The answer depends on which scientific study has just come out. People cannot dec

31、ide which food items are healthy, how pyramids were constructed, and why dinosaurs disappeared. When we look for answers we sometimes can believe persuasive researches and scientists. But how trustworthy are they really? Here are two examples of scientific hoaxes (騙局).As far back as 1726, Johann Ber

32、inger was fooled by his fellow scientists into thinking he had made an amazing discovery. The fossils of spiders, lizards, and even birds with the name of God written on them in Hebrew were unlike anything that had been found before. He wrote several papers on them and was famous for those only to h

33、ave it revealed that they were planted by jealous colleagues to ruin his reputation.When an early human being was discovered in 1912, scientists at this time were wild with excitement over the meaning it had for the theory of evolution. There were hundreds of papers about this Piltdown man over the

34、next fifty years until it was finally discovered to be a complex hoax. The skull (頭骨) of a man had been mixed with the jawbone of an orangutan (猩猩) to make the ape (猿) man.The next time you read the exciting new findings of a study of the best scientist, do not automatically assume that it is true.

35、Even qualified people can get it wrong. Though we certainly should not ignore scientific research, we do need to take it with a grain of salt. Just because it is accepted as the truth today does not mean it will still be trustworthy tomorrow.45. What is the reason why Johann Beringer was fooled?A. H

36、is fellow scientists wanted to make fun of him.B. His workmates are eager to become famous too.C. These scientists made a mistake because of carelessness.D. His colleagues was jealous of him and did so to destroy his fame.46. The excited scientists thought that this Piltdown man _.A. was in fact a c

37、omplex hoaxB. was a great scientific inventionC. contributed to the theory of evolutionD. had the skull like that of an ape47. What does the underlined phrase “with a grain of salt” in Paragraph 4 mean?A. Happily.B. Generally.C. Doubtfully.D. Completely.48. What can we learn from the passage?A. Hebrew is probably a kind of language.B. Truths of science will never be out of time.C. People believe scientists because they a