2015入學(xué)考試試題解析英語二

1、讓有理想的人更加卓越！讓有理想的人更加卓越！精勤求學(xué) 自強(qiáng)不息 讓有理想的人更加卓越！ 讓有理想的人更加卓越！PAGE PAGE 16 PAGE PAGE 172015研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試試題（英語二）Section Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)In our contemporary culture, the prospect

2、 of communicating with - or even looking at - a stranger is virtually unbearable. Everyone around us seems to agree by the way they rolling in their phones, even without a 1 underground.Its a sad reality - our desire to avoid interacting with other human beings - because theres 2 to be gained from t

3、alking to the stranger standing by you. But you wouldnt know it, 3 into your phone. This universal protection sends the 4: Please dont approach me.What is it that makes us feel we need to hide 5 our screens?One answer is fear, according to HYPERLINK /jon-wortmann/ t _hplink Jon Wortmann, executive m

4、ental coach. We fear rejection, or that our innocent social advances will be 6 as creepy, he told The Huffington Post. We fear well be 7. We fear well be disruptive.Strangers are inherently 8 to us, so we are more HYPERLINK /conflict/peace/example/gudy6816.htm t _hplink likely to feel 9 anxiouswhen

5、communicating with them compared with our friends and acquaintances. To avoid this anxiety, we 10 to our phones. Phones become our security blanket, Wortmann says. They are our happy glasses that protect us from what we perceive is going to be more 11.But once we rip off the bandaid, tuck our HYPERL

6、INK /2014/05/07/smartphones-are-hideous-and-sad-kind-of_n_5234216.html t _hplink smartphonesin our pockets and look up, it doesnt 12 so bad. In one 2011 experiment, behavioral scientists HYPERLINK /2011-06-03/opinion/ct-perspec-0605-metra-20110603_1_commuters-quiet-cars-metra-reports t _hplink Nicho

7、las Epley and Juliana Schroederasked commuters to do the unthinkable: Start a13. The duo HYPERLINK /2011-06-03/opinion/ct-perspec-0605-metra-20110603_1_commuters-quiet-cars-metra-reports t _hplink had Chicago train commuterstalk to their fellow 14. When Dr. Epley and Ms. Schroeder asked other people

8、 in the same train station to 15 how they would feel after talking to a stranger, the commuters thought their 16 would be more pleasant if they sat on their own, HYPERLINK /2014/04/26/opinion/sunday/hello-stranger.html t _hplink the New York Times summarizes. Though the participants didnt expect a p

9、ositive experience, after they 17 with the experiment, not a single person reported having been snubbed. 18, these commutes were reportedly more enjoyable compared with those sans communication, which makes absolute sense, 19 human beings HYPERLINK /news/thrive t _hplink thriveoff of social connecti

10、ons. Its that 20: Talking to strangers can make you feel connected. 1.A ticketB permitC signalD record2.A nothingB littleC anotherD much3.A beatenB guidedC pluggedD brought4.A messageB codeC noticeD sign5.A underB beyondC behindD from6.A misappliedB mismatchedC misadjustedD misinterpreted7.A replace

11、dB firedC judgedD delayed8.A unreasonableB ungratefulC unconventionalD unfamiliar9.A comfortableB confidentC anxiousD angry10.A attendB pointC takeD turn11.A dangerousB mysteriousC violentD boring12.A hurtB resistC bendD decay13.A lectureB conversationC debateD negotiation14.A passengersB employeesC

12、 researchersD trainees15.A revealB chooseC predict D design16.A voyageB rideC walkD flight17.A went throughB did awayC caught upD put up18.A in turnB in fact C in particularD in consequence19.A unlessB sinceC ifD whereas20.A funnyB logicalC simpleD rare正確選項(xiàng) 1-5 CDCAC 6-10 DCDCD 11-15 AABAC 16-20 BAB

13、BC 真題解析：1. C A ticket 票 B permit 允許，許可 C signal信號(hào)，標(biāo)志 D record記錄，記載解析：名詞辨析。根據(jù)上句話含義，“我們周圍的每個(gè)人似乎都打開他們的手機(jī)，甚至沒有_出現(xiàn)的時(shí)候“。與手機(jī)相關(guān)的最合適的選項(xiàng)應(yīng)為C信號(hào)的意思。因此C為正確選項(xiàng)。2. D A nothing 沒有什么 B little 一點(diǎn) C another另外一個(gè) D much許多解析：名詞辨析。在這句話中because theres _to be gained，缺少的是gained 的賓語。所以我們much 代替這個(gè)賓語。因此D為正確選項(xiàng)。3. C A beaten被擊敗的，打敗

14、的 B guided有指導(dǎo)的 C plugged 塞緊的 D brought帶來，拿來解析：動(dòng)賓搭配。C選項(xiàng)plugged 與into搭配，譯為“塞進(jìn)”，符合原文語境。因此C為正確選項(xiàng)。4. A A message消息，信息 B code密碼，法則 C notice注意 D sign符號(hào)，簽名解析：動(dòng)賓搭配。send the messages 譯為“傳遞消息”符合原文語義。因此A為正確選項(xiàng)。5. C A under在下面 B beyond超出 C behind 在后面 D from來自解析：動(dòng)詞與介詞搭配。本題中，空格處所需一個(gè)介詞，和前面的hide搭配。因此，hide behind 翻譯成“

15、隱藏在_的后面”，搭配最為合理。因此C為正確選項(xiàng)。6.D Amisapplied 被誤用的 Bmismatched 不相配的，不勢均力敵的 Cmisadjusted 失調(diào)的 Dmisinterpreted誤解 解析：上下文語義+詞義辨析 在本題中，空格處需要填一個(gè)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，同時(shí)要搭配后面的“as creepy”(被_當(dāng)做怪異的)。因此，結(jié)合四個(gè)單詞的含義，D選項(xiàng)“被誤解成為行為怪異的”更符合原文語義要求。因此D為正確選項(xiàng)。7. C Areplaced被替換的 Bfired被開除的 Cjudged裁定的，評(píng)判的 Ddelayed延時(shí)的，拖延的 解析：上下文語義+詞義辨析 本句中，考查我們

16、“fear” 的事情是被_. 結(jié)合上下文語義以及選項(xiàng)含義，我們可以直接排除掉B和D,這兩項(xiàng)與“坐地鐵”無關(guān)。符合原文含義的是D，我們害怕被“評(píng)判”。因此C為正確選項(xiàng)。8. D Aunreasonable不合理的，不切合實(shí)際的 B ungrateful忘恩負(fù)義的，不領(lǐng)情的 Cunconventional非傳統(tǒng)的，不合慣例的 Dunfamiliar不熟悉的解析：上下文語義+形容詞辨析 本題考查形容詞的辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)本身沒有難度。做形容詞這一類題要注意它修飾的成分是什么。本句是一個(gè)較簡單的主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，主語是“strangers” ，空格處讓我們填表語，修飾的是strangers,因此，根據(jù)語義，應(yīng)該

17、選擇D選項(xiàng)“不熟悉的”，譯為“陌生人本身對(duì)我們來說就是不太熟悉的”。因此D為正確選項(xiàng)。9. C Acomfortable 舒適的，充裕的Bconfident自信的，有信心的Canxious憂慮的， Dangry生氣的，憤怒的解析：上下文語義+形容詞辨析 本題結(jié)合前半句的含義，“陌生人本身對(duì)我們來說就是不太熟悉的”，因此，人們?cè)诤湍吧私涣鞯臅r(shí)候會(huì)更_。我們要選擇一個(gè)形容詞來修飾與陌生人交流時(shí)候的心情，結(jié)合四個(gè)單詞含義，C“憂慮的”更符合這種交流心境。因此C為正確選項(xiàng)。10.D Aattend 出席，參加Bpoint指出，朝向，瞄準(zhǔn)Ctake 拿，帶 Dturn 翻轉(zhuǎn)，旋轉(zhuǎn),轉(zhuǎn)移解析：動(dòng)詞搭配。

18、上句語義為“為了避免這種尷尬，我們_我們的手機(jī)”。在本句中，需要一個(gè)動(dòng)詞，并且能“to”搭配。A與B比較好排除，關(guān)鍵看C和D這兩個(gè)選項(xiàng). C選項(xiàng) “take to ”譯為“開始，從事”。D選項(xiàng)“turn to”譯為“轉(zhuǎn)向”。D比C更能說明我們的這個(gè)動(dòng)作。因此D為正確選項(xiàng)。11. A Adangerous 危險(xiǎn)的Bmysterious神秘的Cviolent猛烈的，強(qiáng)烈的，暴力的 Dboring令人厭煩的，無聊的解析：形容詞辨析。結(jié)合上文語句，“電話已經(jīng)變成了我們的安全保證”，“它是我們快樂的保障并且能夠保護(hù)我們，不讓我們受到更_的情況?！备鶕?jù)上下文語義以及四個(gè)形容詞含義，A選項(xiàng)更符合語義要求?！?/p>

19、危險(xiǎn)的”和前面的“保護(hù)”搭配更為合理。因此A為正確選項(xiàng)。12. A Ahurt 損害，傷害Bresist抵制，抵抗Cbend彎曲 Ddecay（使）衰退，腐敗解析：動(dòng)詞辨析。這段句首有一個(gè)非常重要的連接詞 “But”,表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，說明接下來所要表述的含義與上文發(fā)生了完全的改變。根據(jù)對(duì)上一段的分析，是說人們?cè)诔俗罔F的時(shí)候，經(jīng)?？词謾C(jī)是因?yàn)楹ε潞湍吧私涣鳎敲催@一段的論述方向?yàn)椤暗侨绻覀兪掌鹗謾C(jī)，向上看看，其實(shí)不會(huì)_的重。”結(jié)合四個(gè)選項(xiàng)含義，A選項(xiàng)“傷害”更符合語義。因此A為正確選項(xiàng)。13. B Alecture演講，講課 Bconversation談話，會(huì)話Cdebate辯論，爭論 D

20、negotiation談判，協(xié)商解析：名詞辨析。本題相對(duì)較簡單，動(dòng)詞和名詞的搭配，“開始一個(gè)（場）_”，結(jié)合原文語義，應(yīng)該為開始談話。因此B為正確選項(xiàng)。14. A Apassengers 旅客Bemployees雇員Cresearchers 研發(fā)人員Dtrainees研修生解析：名詞辨析。結(jié)合全文主旨，本文在討論乘坐地鐵是否和陌生人說話的問題。因此，A“乘客”是最符合語境的。因此A為正確選項(xiàng)。15. C Areveal 顯示，透漏Bchoose選擇Cpredict 預(yù)測Ddesign設(shè)計(jì)，計(jì)劃解析：動(dòng)詞辨析。本題考查四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的詞義辨析。結(jié)合原文語境，我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，有一個(gè)非常重要的線索點(diǎn)，即“

21、how they would feel after talking to a stranger”我們要選擇一個(gè)動(dòng)詞能連接后面的“would”將來時(shí)，所以，只有C選項(xiàng)有這個(gè)功能。因此C為正確選項(xiàng)。16. B Avoyage 航行，旅行Bride騎，乘Cwalk步行 Dflight飛行解析：名詞辨析。在本句中, “_ would be more pleasant if they sat on their own,”要選擇一個(gè)動(dòng)詞與乘坐地鐵有關(guān)。因此，B選項(xiàng)“ride乘”比較符合原文語義。17.A Awent through 經(jīng)歷，檢查，瀏覽Bdid away（with）廢除，去掉Ccaught u

22、p 趕上，追上Dput up放，存儲(chǔ)，提供解析：介詞短語搭配。本題所需短語要與后面的experience搭配，因此A選項(xiàng)“經(jīng)歷”更符合語義要求。18. B Ain turn 依次，輪流，反過來Bin fact事實(shí)上 Cin particular尤其是 Din consequence結(jié)果是解析：邏輯關(guān)系題。本題考查的是遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，即下文對(duì)上文進(jìn)一步解釋說明。因此B為正確選項(xiàng)。19.B Aunless除非 Bsince直到，因?yàn)镃if如果 Dwhereas然而解析：邏輯關(guān)系題。本句考查的是因果關(guān)系，因此只有B選項(xiàng)可以表示這種邏輯關(guān)系。20. C Afunny 有趣的Blogical有邏輯的Csimp

23、le簡單的 Drare罕見的解析：形容詞辨析題。文章最后給出一個(gè)總結(jié)性的表述，即與陌生人說話可以讓你感覺有連接感，考查我們“這是什么樣的問題”。根據(jù)上下文語義關(guān)系選擇C更符合語境。Section Reading ComprehensionPart A Directions：Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text1A new study sugg

24、ests that contrary to most surveys. People art actually more stressed at home than at work. Researchers measured peoples control. Which is it at stress marker. While they were at work and while they were at home and found it higher at what is supposed to be a place of refuge?！癋urther contradicting c

25、onventional wisdom we found that women as well as men have lower levels of stress at work than at home” writes one of the researchers. Sarah Damaske In fact women say they feel better at work. She notes. “it is men not women. Who report being happier at home than at work” Another surprise is that th

26、e findings hold true for both those with children and without but more so for non parents. This is why people who work outside the home have better health。What the study doesnt measure is whether people are still doing work when they re at home whether it is household work or work brought home from

27、the office. For many men the end of the workday is a time to kick back. For women who stay home they never get to leave the office. And for women who work outside the home they often are playing catch-up-with-household tasks. With the blurring of roles and the fact that the home front lags well behi

28、nd the workplace in making adjustments for working women it s not surprising that women are more stressed at home。But its not just a gender thing. At work people pretty much know what theyre supposed to be doing: working making money doing the tasks they have to do in order to draw an income. The ba

29、rgain is very pure: Employee puts in hours of physical or mental labor and employee draws out life-sustaining moola。On the home front however people have no such clarity. Rare is the household in which the division of labor is so clinically and methodically laid out. There are a lot of tasks to be d

30、one there are inadequate rewards for most of them. Your home colleagues-your family-have no clear rewards for their labor; they need to be talked into it or if they re teenagers threatened with complete removal of all electronic devices. Plus they re your family. You cannot fire your family. You nev

31、er really get to go home from home。So its not surprising that people are more stressed at home. Not only are the tasks apparently infinite the co-workers are much harder to motivate。21.According to Paragraph 1，most previous surveys found that home_Awas an un realistic place for relaxationBgenerated

32、more stress than the workplaceCwas an ideal plac efor stress measurementDoffered greater relaxation than the workplace22.According to Damaske，who are likely to be the happiest at home?AWorking mothersBChildless husbandsC Childless wivesDWorking fathers23 The blurring of working womens roles refers t

33、o the fact that_Athey are both breadwinners and housewivesBtheir home is also a place for kicking backCthere is often much housework left behindDit is difficult for them to leave their office24.The word “moola”(Line4，Para 4)most probably means_AenergyBskillsCearningsDnutrition25.The home front diffe

34、rs from the workplace in that_Ahome is hardly a cozier working environmentBdivision of labor at home is seldom clear-cutChousehold tasks are generally more motivatingDfamily labor is often adequately rewarded答案：Text 121 答案D offered greater relaxation than the workplace 解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。精讀題干，劃出關(guān)鍵詞 Paragraph 1，

35、previous surveys，home。根據(jù)題干回到原文精確定位到第1句。首句提出“最新研究表明，與大部分研究相反，人們?cè)诩冶仍诠镜膲毫Ω蟆?。說明之前的研究與新研究不同，題干問previous surveys，因此之前的研究是公司比家里的壓力大。22 答案B childless husbands 解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。精讀題干，劃出關(guān)鍵詞大寫人物D，問家里誰最幸福。根據(jù)題干回文定位到第二段后半部分“It is menreport being happier”，因此男性更幸福。接下來，“but more so for nonparents”。因此答案為沒有孩子的丈夫。23 答案A they ar

36、e both bread winners and housewives 解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。題干提出“the blurring of working womens roles”，根據(jù)題干定位到第三段后半部分“the blurring of roles”，指代前面兩句話“For women who stay home.And for women who work outside the home”。根據(jù)原文定位句信息，得出女性既要忙工作又要忙家務(wù)。24.答案Cearnings這是一道詞義句意題，定位在第四段第二句，Atwork，peopleprettymuchknowwhattheyresuppose

37、dtobedoing:working,makingmoney,doingthetaskstheyhavetodoinordertodrawanincome.在工作中，人們清楚地知道他們?cè)撟鍪裁?，工作，賺錢，為了得到收入完成他們必須要做的工作。這與劃線單詞相對(duì)應(yīng)，employeedrawsoutlife-sustainingmoola和drawanincome相對(duì)應(yīng)，所以moola是earnings同義。25.答案Bdivisionoflaborathomeisseldom-clear-cut這是一道因果細(xì)節(jié)題，答案定位在第五段首句，Onthehomefront,however,peopleha

38、venosuchclarity.然而，對(duì)于家庭，人們并不是很清楚。nosuchclarity與seldom-clear-cut相對(duì)應(yīng)。Text 2For years studies have found that first-generation college students-those who do not have a parent with a college degree-lag other students on a range of education achievement factors. Their grades are lower and their dropout r

39、ates are higher. But since such students are most likely to advance economically if they succeed in higher education colleges and universities have pushed for decades to recruit more of them. This has created “a paradox” in that recruiting first-generation students but then watching many of them fai

40、l means that higher education has “continued to reproduce and widen rather than close” achievement gap based on social class according to the depressing beginning of a paper forthcoming in the journal Psychological Science。But the article is actually quite optimistic as it outlines a potential solut

41、ion to this problem suggesting that an approach(which involves a one-hour next-to-no-cost program)can close 63 percent of the achievement gap(measured by such factors as grades)between first-generation and other students。The authors of the paper are from different universities and their findings are

42、 based on a study involving 147 students(who completed the project)at an unnamed private university. First generation was defined as not having a parent with a four-year college degree Most of the first-generation students(59.1percent) were recipients of Pell Grants，a federal grant for undergraduate

43、s with financial need，while this was true only for 8.6 percent of the students with at least one parent with a four-year degreeTheir thesis-that a relatively modest intervention could have a big impact-was based on the view that first-gene ration students may be most lacking not in potential but in

44、practical knowledge about how to deal with the issues that face most college students They cite past research by several authors to show that this is the gap that must be narrowed to close the achievement gap。Many first-generation students struggle to navigate the middle-class culture of higher educ

45、ation，learn the rules of the game, and take advantage of college resources” they write And this becomes more of a problem when collages dont talk about the class advantage and disadvantages of different groups of students Because US colleges and universities seldom acknowledge how social class can a

46、ffect students educational experience，many first-gene ration students lack sight about why they are struggling and do not understand how students like them can improve26. Recruiting more first-generation students hasAreduced their dropout ratesBnarrowed the achievement gapC missed its original purpo

47、seDdepressed college students27 The author of the research article are optimistic becauseAthe problem is solvableBtheir approach is costlessq the recruiting rate has increasedDtheir finding appeal to students28 The study suggests that most first-gene ration studentsAstudy at private universitiesBare

48、 from single-parent familiesq are in need of financial supportDhave failed their collage29. The author of the paper believe that first-generation studentsAare actually indifferent to the achievement gapBcan have a potential influence on other studentsC may lack opportunities to apply for research pr

49、ojectsDare inexperienced in handling their issues at college30.We may infer from the last paragraph thatAuniversities often rect the culture of the middle-classBstudents are usually to blame for their lack of resourcesCsocial class greatly helps en rich educational experiencesDcolleges are partly re

50、sponsible for the problem in questionT226. 答案 C missed its original purpose 細(xì)節(jié)題 定位在首段末句，This has created “a paradox” in that recruiting first-generation students but then watching many of them fail means that higher education has“continued to reproduce and widen rather than close” achievement gap.文中

51、說雇傭第一代大學(xué)生然后看著他們失敗，這是一種自相矛盾的事，這意味著更進(jìn)一步的教育不斷擴(kuò)大了而不是縮小了這種差距。C選項(xiàng)是此句話的概括，也就是招聘第一代大學(xué)沒能達(dá)到其最初的目的。27. 答案 A the problem is solvable 因果細(xì)節(jié)題 定位在二段首句， But the article is actually quite optimistic as it outlines a potential solution to this problem.文章相當(dāng)樂觀因?yàn)樗o出了可能解決這一問題的辦法，as后就是文章樂觀的原因，it outlines a potential soluti

52、on to this problem與A選項(xiàng)同意替換。28. 答案C are in need of financial support 細(xì)節(jié)題 定位在三段第三句 Most of the first-generation students (59.1percent) were recipients of Pell Grant, a federal grant for undergraduates with financial need. with financial need.與選項(xiàng)C同意替換29. 答案D are inexperienced in handling their issues a

53、t college 細(xì)節(jié)題 定位在四段首句后半句 first-generation students may be most lacking not in potential but in practical knowledge about how to deal with the issues that face most college students. 第一代大學(xué)生缺少的不是潛力，而是在處理大多數(shù)大學(xué)生面對(duì)的問題時(shí)的實(shí)際的常識(shí)。but in practical knowledge about how to deal with the issues that face most coll

54、ege students與選項(xiàng)D同意替換30. 答案 D colleges are partly responsible for the problem in question 段落推斷題 定位在末段第三句 Because US colleges and universities seldom acknowledge how social class can affect students educational experience因?yàn)槊绹恍W(xué)院和大學(xué)很少承認(rèn)社會(huì)階級(jí)對(duì)學(xué)生教育經(jīng)歷的影響，所以。這就意味著學(xué)校應(yīng)該為目前的問題負(fù)部分責(zé)任，與選項(xiàng)D相對(duì)應(yīng)。Text3Even in tradit

55、ional offices，“the lingua franca of corporate America has gotten much more emotional and much more right-brained than it was 20 years ago，said Harvard Business School professor Nancy Koehn She started spinning off examples。“If you and I parachuted back to Fortune 500 companies in 1990，we would see m

56、uch less frequent use of terms like Journey mission passion. There were goals，there were strategies，there were objectives，but we didnt talk about energy；we didnt talk about passion?！盞oehn pointed out that this new era of corporate vocabulary is very “team”-oriented-and not by coincidence?！癓ets not f

57、orget sDorts-in male-dominated corporate America，its still a big deal. Its not explicitly conscious；its the idea that Im a coach，and youre my team，and were in this together. There are lots and lots of CEOs in very different companies，but most think of themselves as coaches and this is their team and

58、 they want to win。These terms a re also intended to infuse work with meaning-and，as Khurana points out，increase allegiance to the firm。“You have the importation of terminology that historically used to be associated with non-profit organizations and religious organizations：Terms like vision，values，p

59、assion，and purpose，”said KhuranaThis new focus on personal fulfillment can help keep employees motivated amid increasingly loud debates over work-life balance The “mommy wars” of the 1990s a re still going on today prompting arguments about why women still cant have it all and books like Sheryl Sand

60、bergs Lean In，whose title has become a buzzword in its own right. Terms like unplug，offline，life-hack，bandwidth，and capacity are all about setting boundaries between the office and the home But if your work is your “passion” youll be more likely to devote yourself to it，even if that means going home