高中英語專題 Unit 4　Natural disasters 5.4 詞匯短語

1、Section Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing.核心單詞根據(jù)音標及詞義寫出正確的單詞1_/spla/n.pl.補給品；供應(yīng)(量)；補給vt.供應(yīng)；供給2_/tp/vi.& vt.輕叩；輕敲；輕拍n水龍頭；輕叩；輕敲3_/pap/n.管子；管道4_/wsl/vi.吹口哨；發(fā)出笛聲vt.吹口哨；n.哨子(聲)；呼嘯聲5_/imdnsi/n.突發(fā)事件；緊急情況6_/km/adj.鎮(zhèn)靜的；沉著的vt.使平靜；使鎮(zhèn)靜7_/ed/n.援助；幫助；救援物資vi.& vt.(formal)幫助；援助8_/kr/vt.& vi.碰撞；撞擊n撞車；碰撞9_/

2、swip/vt.& vi.(swept, swept)打掃；清掃10_/wev/n.海浪；波浪vi.& vt.揮手；招手11_/strak/vi.& vt.(struck, struck/stricken)侵襲；突擊；擊打n罷工；罷課；襲擊12_/dlv(r)/vt.& vi.遞送；傳達vt.發(fā)表13._/smri/n.總結(jié)；概括；概要.拓展詞匯根據(jù)音標及詞義寫出正確的單詞，并牢記拓展詞匯1_ (vi.)(指火山)爆發(fā)；突然發(fā)生eruption (n.)火山爆發(fā)；(戰(zhàn)爭等)爆發(fā)2_ n能力；力量；權(quán)力powerful adj.強大的；有力的powerless adj.無力的；沒有能力的3_/f

3、ekt/n.影響；結(jié)果；效果effective adj.有效果的4_/le/n.長；長度long adj.長的.重點短語根據(jù)漢語意思補全短語1_ the open air 露天；在戶外2_ hand 現(xiàn)有(尤指幫助)3_away 消滅；徹底消除4_ up 搭建，舉起，張貼5stay_ 保持冷靜6in _ 處境危險7first of_ 首先8as many_ 多達.重點句型1v.ing結(jié)構(gòu)作結(jié)果狀語The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines acro

4、ss Asia yesterday, _ in Indonesia, India, Thailand, Malaysia at least four other countries.最強大的地震在過去的40年里引起了海嘯，昨天亞洲海岸線被毀，造成印尼、印度、泰國、馬來西亞以及其他至少四個國家6 500多人死亡。2be doing sth. when.正在做某事這時I _ with three children _ water started filling my home.我正在和三個孩子一起吃早餐這時家里開始充滿了水。3make itadj.to do sth.中it為形式賓語，動詞不定式是

5、真正的賓語。However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will_.然而，危險的條件和受損的道路將使運送食物和物資變得困難。Read the text on page 54 and then choose the best answer.1Whats the main idea of the passage ?ASomething about the most powerful tsunami in Asia.BThe cause of the most powerful tsunami in Asia.CThe loss of the mo

6、st powerful tsunami in Asia.DHow to rescue ourselves in times of disaster.2What caused the tsunami? AHurricane BTyphoonCFlood DEarthquake3What is a magnitude of the earthquake that happened on December 27, 2004?A7.0 B9.0C7.5 D64Why was food and supplies hard to deliver?ABecause there were not enough

7、 food and supplies.BBecause rescue teams dared not go.CBecause conditions were hard and roads were destroyed.DBecause governments didnt organize rescue teams.第一板塊|核心詞匯詮釋1supply npl.補給品；供應(yīng)(量)；補給vt.供應(yīng)；供給(教材P52)The supplies which were provided to the disaster area were collected from around the country

8、.向災(zāi)區(qū)提供的物資是從全國各地收集來的。(1)school/medical supplies 學(xué)校用品/醫(yī)療用品(2)supply sth. to sb. 為某人提供某物supply sb. with sth. 為某人提供某物The water supply has been cut off because the workers are repairing the main pipes.因工人們在修主要管道水資源供應(yīng)被切斷。The Internet supplies a lot of information to us every day.因特網(wǎng)每天給我們提供很多信息。即學(xué)即練一句多譯沒有必

9、要擔心，我們可以提供任何你需要的東西。 (1)There is no need to worry. We can _whatever you need. (2)There is no need to worry. We _ whatever you need to you.(3)There is no need to worry. We_ whatever you need for you.發(fā)散思維：“給某人提供某物”表達種種：provide sth. for vide sb. with sth.supply sth. to sb. supply sb. with sth.2. power n

10、能力；力量；權(quán)力(經(jīng)典例句)As is known to us, knowledge is power.眾所周知，知識就是力量。(1)have the power to do sth.具有做某事的能力come to power 上臺；執(zhí)政(動作)be in power 執(zhí)政；掌權(quán)(狀態(tài))beyond ones power 力所不能及的(2)powerful adj. 強有力的There was a time when the girl lost the power of speech.曾經(jīng)有一段時間，這個女孩不能說話。It is reported that the new president

11、will settle a lot of problems the moment he comes to power.據(jù)報道，新總統(tǒng)一上臺就要解決很多問題。即學(xué)即練單句語法填空/單句寫作(1)It has been two years since he came _power.(2)Im very sorry; it is _my power to finish such a difficult task.(3)I do believe that encouragement is so _(power) that it can change a person.(4)據(jù)我所知，這個政黨執(zhí)政兩年了

12、。As far as I know, it is two years since the party _As far as I know, the party _ for two years.發(fā)散思維：加詞綴ful名詞變形容詞薈萃：(1)power powerful adj.強大的；有力的(2)use useful adj.有用的；有益的(3) wonder wonderful adj. 精彩的(4)helphelpful adj.有幫助的3.calm vt.&vi.(使)平靜；(使)鎮(zhèn)定adj.平靜的；鎮(zhèn)靜的；沉著的(經(jīng)典佳句)It is of great importance to kee

13、p calm when a fire breaks out.當火災(zāi)發(fā)生時保持冷靜很重要。(1)calm down 平靜下來calm sb. down 使某人平靜下來；使某人鎮(zhèn)定下來(2)keep calm 保持鎮(zhèn)靜Calm down! There is nothing to worry about.鎮(zhèn)靜下來！沒有什么可擔心的。Calm yourself down；there is no need to feel upset about it. 讓你自己平靜下來，沒有必要為此事心煩。即學(xué)即練 單句寫作It is important_ in face of danger.在面臨危險時，保持鎮(zhèn)靜是重

14、要的。圖形助記：意境巧記“安靜”四兄弟4.aid n. & vt.幫助；援助；資助(經(jīng)典佳句)I couldnt speak any French, but a nice man came to my aid and told me where to go.我不會說法語，但是一位好心的男士來幫助我并告訴我怎么走。(1)give first aid to sb.對某人急救with the aid of 在的幫助下(2)aid sb.in (doing) sth. 幫助某人做某事aid sb.with sth. 以某事/物幫助某人aid sb.to do sth. 幫助某人做某事 With the

15、 aid of our teachers, we learned how to perform first aid.在老師的幫助下，我們學(xué)會了如何進行急救。Id be very grateful if you can aid me with my English.如果你能幫助我學(xué)習(xí)英語我將不勝感激。 即學(xué)即練 單句語法填空(1)Neighbours aided him _ money when he almost lost everything in the fire.(2)He is so kind a boy that he often aided his mother _(clean)

16、the house.發(fā)散思維：with the aid of 的同義詞：with the help of5.wave n波浪，波濤；揮手v波動；起伏；揮手(教材P54)Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0.漁民、游客、旅館、住宅和汽車都被9級地震引起的巨浪卷走了。eq x(wave goodbye to sb.向某人揮手告別blc rc(avs4alco1(

17、wave to/at sb.,give sb. a wave)向某人揮手)She refused my suggestion with a wave of her hand.她擺擺手拒絕了我的建議。He waved to/at us as the bus drove off.He gave us a wave as the bus drove off.公共汽車開走時，他向我們揮了揮手。即學(xué)即練單句語法填空(1)The policeman waved the driver _ (stop)(2)At the railway station, the mother waved goodbye _

18、her daughter until the train was out of sight.圖形助記：6.strike vi.&vt.打； 撞擊； 罷工； 突然想到；打動，迷??；(鐘) 敲； 侵襲n罷工一詞多義寫出下列句中strike的含義(1)The visitors were struck by the beauty of the West Lake.打動，迷住(2)The clock struck twelve when I got home last night.鐘(報時)(3)A terrible earthquake struck Japan, making 30,000 peop

19、le or so lose their lives.侵襲(4)A good idea struck me when I was reading the newspaper.突然想到(1)be struck by.被打動eq blc rc(avs4alco1(sth. strikes sb.,It strikes sb. that/wh.) 某人突然想起(2) be/go on strike 舉行罷工即學(xué)即練單句寫作我突然想到，我應(yīng)該拜訪我的老師。 _ I should pay a visit to my teacher.名師指津：(1) strike 過去式、過去分詞分別為：struck; s

20、truck/stricken(2)“某人忽然想起”固定句式： It hit/struck sb. that7.deliver vt. 遞送；生(小孩兒)；接生；發(fā)表(演說等)(經(jīng)典佳句)I feel highly honoured to be invited to deliver a speech at the meeting. 被邀請在會議上演講我感到莫大的榮幸。deliver sth.to投遞/運送某物給deliver a speech 發(fā)表演說It was very considerate of you to deliver milk to our door every morning.

21、你考慮得非常周到，每天早上把牛奶送到我們家門口。Hans was asked to deliver a speech on the graduation in Harvard University.漢斯被邀請在哈佛大學(xué)畢業(yè)典禮上發(fā)表演講。即學(xué)即練單句語法填空(1)The speech _ (deliver) by the headmaster at the meeting yesterday left a deep impression on his students.(2)I wonder why you refused _ (deliver) my letters to my home l

22、ast week.圖形助記：8.effect n結(jié)果；效力(經(jīng)典佳句) When I was young, I didnt know much about the harmful effects of smoking.在我年輕的時候，關(guān)于吸煙的危害性我知道得并不多。(1)have an effect on/upon對產(chǎn)生影響come into effect 生效side effect 副作用(2)effective adj. 有效的； 有影響的There is no doubt that reading books can have a good effect on the children.

23、不可否認，閱讀書籍會對兒童有良好的影響。The measures taken by the local government will come into effect next month.當?shù)卣扇〉拇胧⒂谙略律А?即學(xué)即練單句語法填空(1)While online shopping has changed our life, not all of its _ (effect) have been positive.(2)As we all know, smoking has a bad effect _ our health.發(fā)散思維：不同的“影響”：affect vt.影響inf

24、luence n. 影響effect n. 影響impact n. 影響第二板塊|重點句型解構(gòu)1句型公式： ving作結(jié)果狀語(教材P54)The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday, killing more than 6,500 people in Indonesia, India, Thailand, Malaysia, and at least four other countries.最強大的地

25、震在過去的40年里引起了海嘯，昨天亞洲海岸線被毀，造成印尼、印度、泰國、馬來西亞以及其他至少四個國家6 500多人死亡?，F(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語常表示意料、情理之中的結(jié)果。不定式作結(jié)果狀語常表示出乎意料的結(jié)果。Unfortunately his father died, leaving him a homeless boy.不幸的是他的父親去世了，使他成為一個無家可歸的孩子。To begin with, a new stadium has been built up, becoming the most beautiful building in our school. 首先，一座新的體育館被建立起

26、來，成為我校最美的建筑物。 即學(xué)即練單句語法填空(1)He hurried to the theatre, only _ (find) that the tickets had been sold out.(2)He got up late in the morning, _ (miss) the early bus.,名師指津：動詞ing作結(jié)果狀語，可轉(zhuǎn)化為定語從句，如：(1)He is always late for class, making his teacher angry.(2)He is always late for class, which made his teacher

27、angry.他總是上學(xué)遲到，這使老師很生氣。2.句型公式： be doing.when.正在做，就在這時(教材P54)I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.我正在和三個孩子一起吃早餐，這時家里開始充滿了水。when在此處是并列連詞，表示“正在那時，這時”，常用句型有：be doing.when.正在做，就在這時be about to do. when. 正要做，就在這時had just done.when. 剛做過這時We were having a meeting wh

28、en someone broke in.當時我們正在開會，突然有人闖了進來。We were about to set out when it began to rain.我們正要動身，這時開始下雨了。即學(xué)即練單句語法填空(1)I had just gone to bed _ the telephone rang.(2)I was about to give up _my best friend encouraged me to go on.(3)I _ (watch) TV when my little brother burst in.名師指津：牢記when的3種固定句型是解題的關(guān)鍵，whe

29、n意味“正在這時”，而不是“當時候”。. 單詞拼寫1It is very important to keep _ (鎮(zhèn)靜的) when an earthquake breaks out.2Global warming is having a great_ _(影響)on hundreds of plant and animal species around the world.3They _ (揮手) to us to stay where we were.4You have the_ _ (能力) to live it well.5You are likely to sing or _ (吹

30、口哨) when you are happy.6It was said that the _ (臺風)had caused a lot of damage. 7In the city, the water _ (管道) in some buildings cracked and burst.8What I did was (to) turn off the _(水龍頭). 9Several hours later, the little boy was rescued with the _(幫助) of the police.10Im very glad that you can write

31、me a _ (概要) of this report.單句語法填空1To help students deal with their mental problems, we will hold a lecture _ (deliver) by a professor from the UK.2Whats more, it is another _ (effect) way to deal with the problem.3They felt it difficult _ (finish) the work in such a short time.4Today the number of p

32、eople learning English in China _ (increase) rapidly.5A wonderful idea _ (strike) me suddenly when I was walking on the street.6The dustman _ (sweep) up all the fallen leaves on this street yesterday.7The _ (long) of the article should be about 800 words.8I _ (have) a discussion with my friend about

33、 how to improve my English when my mother called me.9It was reported that as _ as 157 people died at the air crash.10Several hours later, the little boy was rescued _ the aid of the police.選詞填空go through； sweep away； in shock； in the open air； put up； on hand 1They had to sleep _ after the earthquak

34、e. 2Always have your dictionary_ _when you study. 3I looked at my husband _,_waiting for him to tell me that I had misunderstood everything.4We dont clean the house for a few days, because we dont want to _ good luck.5A week before Earth Day, posters were_ _ around our school, calling on us to join

35、in the actions for a greener earth.6He must have _ many difficulties before he succeeded.單句寫作1我正要放棄的時候，我最好的朋友鼓勵我繼續(xù)。I _ my best friend encouraged me to go on.2我突然想到我應(yīng)該給媽媽買一條項鏈作為生日禮物。_I should buy a necklace for my mother as a birthday gift.3我們發(fā)現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)代社會學(xué)習(xí)一門外語是很有必要的。We _ a foreign language in modern soci

36、ety.課時作業(yè) 15閱讀理解AAs I stuck in the mud (泥), with my bike on top of me, I wondered what had forced me to come here. Madagascar is not a good place for a cycling holiday: one of the worlds poorest countries, only 11 percent of roadway is paved (鋪). South of the town of Antalaha, where I started, the ro

37、ad was in worse condition.I appeared from a week in the wilderness and reached the start of the Route National 5 at Maroantsetra, but my dream of a smooth road and speed was suddenly destroyed by mud. The “worst road in the country” changed my bicycle into a burden (負擔) for days. Finally, I_was_clai

38、med_by_the_road. Tired. Alone.As I wiped (擦) the mud from my face and looked upwards, I was greeted by a Malagasy man. He helped me stand up and smiled playfully while he pointed to my bike, which sat next to his. I started again. But I fell again in the mud. Angrily, I told him to go on, but if he

39、understood he showed no sign of it. His smile forced me back onto the bike. We continued like this for hours. But I fell less. Studying my quick guide, slowly I learned. As we passed through a village, a group of children saw me and shouted loudly. His only words were: “Their parents tell them while

40、 people steal and eat them. Funny, no？”I tried to ask why, but he had already set off. I tried to catch up; as I got closer, he took it as a challenge and sped up. We raced along the road. I rode a little faster and I was just behind, about to catch up with him. With a smile, he sped up and was away

41、, leaving me breathless.【語篇解讀】本文是記敘文。文章主要介紹了作者在非洲馬達加斯加騎行遇到困難的時候，一位當?shù)厝思钭约豪^續(xù)騎行的故事。1What was in the authors mind when he was in the mud?AHe considered his experience a special pleasure.BHe made up his mind to continue challenging himself.CHe tried to think out a new road for cycling in Antalaha.DHe re

42、gretted having the cycling holiday in Madagascar.2What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean?AThe author chose another road.BThe author decided to ask for help.CThe author lay on the road for a rest.DThe author had no confidence to ride on.3How did the Malagasy man help the author?ABy sho

43、wing him the right way.BBy wiping the mud from his bike.CBy riding in front of him all the way.DBy teaching him how to ride in the mud.4Whats the best title for the text?AA lonely trip BA bicycle raceCA lesson in cycling DA road in MadagascarBRaccoons are smaller relatives of bears. They are native

44、to North America, but they can also be found in Asia and Europe. Raccoons live in wooded areas close to water, but they can be often found near urban areas. There are about 7 different species of raccoons. Pygmy raccoon is the only endangered species.Raccoons usually reach 40 to 70cm in length and w

45、eigh between 526kg. Raccoons that live in colder climates are larger and heavier. They have grayish fur, black masks around eyes and long tails covered with black and brown bands. Because of their tails, they are also called “ringtail”Raccoons_are_omnivores. They like to eat insects, eggs, small mam

46、mals, fruit, berries, garbage, and so on. Raccoons hands look like humans. They each have five fingers and are used to collect food, open shells, door or trash cans. Raccoons often place food in water before they start to eat it. They have highly sensitive sense of touch and water increases their se

47、nsitivity even more. By touching the food, they get better insight about things they will eat.They are easily adaptable (適應(yīng)的) to various environments. They can live in hollow (中空的) trees equally happily like they can in useless cars. Raccoons live on their own and hunt at night. They dont hibernate

48、(冬眠), but they spend the coldest days of winters in their holes.Mating (交配) season takes place from January to mid March. Two months later, female will give birth to 34 babies. Their tails dont have bands, and the mask around eyes is still missing. Mother is very protective and she will teach them h

49、ow to survive and what to eat as they becomeready to leave the hole. Raccoons usually can live only 1.8 to 3.1 years in the wild, but they can live up to 20 years at a zoo.Raccoons can pass rabies, a kind of disease, to homeraised animals and people, which is very dangerous. Whats more, their waste

50、often has roundworms.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要向我們介紹了與浣熊有關(guān)的一些知識。5What do we learn about raccoons?AThey love living near water.BThey are at risk of dying out.CThey love getting close to humans.DThey only live in areas far from urban areas.6What does the author most probably mean by saying “Raccoons are omni

51、vores”？AThey dont hibernate.BThey are very large animals.CThey are sensitive to foods tastes.DThey feed on many different types of food.7What are raccoons good at?AFinding food in deep water.BUsing their feet to open food.CAdapting to a new environment.DTelling differences among smells.8After readin

52、g the text, we can say that _.Araccoons like attacking humansBpeople consider raccoons very lovelyCraccoons and bears have a lot in commonDits better that humans keep away from raccoonsCAngus, Doris, Gabriel and Kamil are some of the 21 names that have been chosen to be given to storms in the UK in

53、the 2016/17 season.The Met Office, the UKs national weather service, decided to give storms boys and girls names in 2015 in the same way as they did in America.The Met Office hopes that naming big storms will mean people are more aware (意識到) of them and how dangerous they can be. Derrick Ryall, from the Met Office, said, “We have seen how naming storms elsewhere in the world raises peoples awareness of storms before they break.”In the past, the same UK storm could be given different names by different organisa