初三英語(yǔ)中考語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)重難點(diǎn)詳解（十九）現(xiàn)在分詞與過(guò)去分詞初中知識(shí)點(diǎn)（含練習(xí)）

1、初三英語(yǔ)中考語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)重難點(diǎn)詳解（十九）現(xiàn)在分詞與過(guò)去分詞初中知識(shí)點(diǎn)整理（含練習(xí)）分詞就兩種：現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞，分別都可以作定語(yǔ)也可以作狀語(yǔ), 分詞用法是高中英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的重點(diǎn)。一、兩種分詞的主要區(qū)別現(xiàn)在分詞-ing有主動(dòng)含義，或表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行；過(guò)去分詞-ed有 被動(dòng)含義，或表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成。分詞因都是由動(dòng)詞變來(lái)的，仍保存 這動(dòng)詞的特性，可以帶自己的賓語(yǔ)，也可以被狀語(yǔ)修飾。二、分詞作定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)和復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)1作定語(yǔ)：一個(gè)獨(dú)立的分詞作定語(yǔ)，放在修飾的名詞之前；而分詞 短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，放在所修飾的名詞之后。如：The baby has a running nose.這個(gè)寶寶流鼻涕。The woman sta

2、nding behind the counterserved me. 站在柜臺(tái)后面的那個(gè)女人接待的我。I have a friend called Black.我有個(gè)叫布萊克的朋友。He gave me a broken glass.他給了我一個(gè)破玻璃杯。2現(xiàn)在分詞做以下動(dòng)詞的賓補(bǔ)。如:He kept me waiiting.I saw him eating a big apple.我看見(jiàn)他正在吃一大蘋(píng)果。Jenny saw something moving in the garden.杰瑞看到有東西在 花園里動(dòng)。3現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)，描述動(dòng)作發(fā)生的樣子，分詞本身和句子的主語(yǔ) 之間，有主謂關(guān)系。如

3、：She came running towards me.她向我跑來(lái)。running用于描摹came的方式，是跑著過(guò)來(lái)”的。 running和主語(yǔ)she之間是主謂關(guān)系，也就是說(shuō),running這個(gè)跑是有she 她發(fā)出來(lái)的！過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)，也是描述動(dòng)作發(fā)生的樣子，只不過(guò)去分詞和主語(yǔ)之 間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系：Accompanied by his Dad, he visited his new teacher.在父親的 陪伴下，他看望了自己的新老師。其中的accompanied和主語(yǔ)he 之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，也就是說(shuō)，he是被陪伴”的！4過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)，放在系動(dòng)詞后面，要注意與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的區(qū)別: “主系表”主要表

4、示樣子；被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示動(dòng)作。常用過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)有：be worried （焦慮）be surprised （吃驚）be pleased （高興）be embarrassed （尷尬）be tired （疲勞） get dressed （打扮好） beome frustrated （沮喪） get lost （迷路） get caught （遭遇） become intereted in （對(duì)感興趣）等等。5過(guò)去分詞可以作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。如：They have asked me to have the tree cut down.他們已經(jīng)要求 我砍掉那棵樹(shù)。其中cut是以一個(gè)過(guò)去分詞，tree和

5、cut之間是 被動(dòng)關(guān)系，實(shí)際上是“使這個(gè)樹(shù)被砍” 還有： have the car washed （找人洗車，使車被洗） have your hair cut （去理發(fā)，使你的頭發(fā)被剪） have the house rebuilt （重修房子，使這座房子被重修） have a new dress made （去做件新裙子，使一件新裙子被做）鞏固練習(xí)1.1 never heard himsuch a thing before.1.1 never heard himsuch a thing before.A. saying B. to say C. having said D. sayThe s

6、tudents in the exercise books may go now.A. handed B. having handed C. to be handing D. who have handedHe looked at me with aexpression, may be theproblem was quite .A. puzzled; puzzling B. puzzling; puzzled C. puzzled; puzzled D. puzzling; puzzlingI need my bike.A. repaired B. repairing C. to have

7、repaired D. being repairedCould you smell something?A. burn B. burnt C. burning d. being burnHe entered the house and left me outside.A. stand B. to stand C. standing D. to be standingThe meetingtomorrow is very important.A. held B. holding C. being held D. to be heldWhat weather! The lake was over.

8、A. freezing; frozen B. frozen; freezing C. freezing; freezing D. frozen; frozenlouder and make yourself .A. Speaking; hearing B. Speaking; heard C. Speak; heard D. Speak; hearingIs this the place by you the other day?A. referring B. referring to C. referred D. referred to 11. The news seems . All of

9、 them feltat thenews.A. discouraged; discouraging B. discouraged; discouragedC. discouraging; discouraged D. discouraging; discouraging 12. T m to you for your help.A. obliging B. obliged C. to oblige D. oblige 13. The workers cried, It s unfair!”A. affecting B. affected C. having affected D. having been affected14. Our monitor made speech at the class meeting.A. an inspiring B. an inspired C. a much inspired D. a much inspiring 15.