考博試題-考博翻譯5

考博翻譯Thatsexratiowillbefavoredwhich izesthenumberofdescendantsanindividualwillhaveandhencethenumberofgenecopiestransmitted.本句的正常語序應(yīng)當(dāng)是：Thatsexratiowhich izesthenumberofdescendantsanindividualwillhaveandhencethenumberofgenecopiestransmittedwillbefavored.但是因為主語Thatsexratio之后的以which引導(dǎo)的修飾它的定語從句，如果按照以上語序，則有頭重腳輕之感。所以原文將此長長的從句倒裝成謂語willbefavored之后。which引導(dǎo)的從句中，有兩處省略：第一處在izethenumberofdescendantsthatanindividualwillhaveanindividualwillhavedescendants的定語從句，但是，因為descendants在從句中作have的賓語，所以引導(dǎo)詞that可以省略。第二處省略是在第二個thenumberof之前，省略了與前面一樣的成分thatsexratiowhiaximizes.Andhence在此表示后面的成分作為前面“最大化一個的后代的數(shù)目的”結(jié)果。（Thisis）Adesiretothrowoverrealityalightthatneverwasmightgiveawayabruptlytothedesireonthepartofwhatwemightconsideranovelist-scientisttorecordexactlyandconcreythestructureandtextureofaflower.（這是一種）照亮現(xiàn)實的，此從來種用一個詞代替一個句子的方式如果在語中出現(xiàn)，只能出現(xiàn)在高級英語中，因此以前的英語學(xué)習(xí)中從未遇到過。其形式類似于中文的“”是“這句話真是”的省Bdesiretothrowoverrealityalightalight是overrealitythrowalightoverreality.throw長的定語從句不是修飾其前的light的，而是修飾一開始的desire的。C、第二個修飾成分中又來了一個倒裝，由于作者為了強調(diào)never,所以將其提前，了定語從句中的倒裝正常語序應(yīng)該是thatmightneverbegivenaway，倒裝后系動詞was被提前，given因為在情態(tài)動詞might之后所以變成了原型give。AgivewaytoB，是A讓位于B，而AbegivenwaytoB，則是A取代B。onthepartof之后的部分修飾后面的desire,what引導(dǎo)的從句現(xiàn)場閱讀時可以看成一個名詞。What從句中的不定式torecordexactlyandconcreythestructureandtextureofaflower中又有一個避免頭重腳輕的倒裝正常語序應(yīng)該是torecordthestructureandtextureofaflowerexactlyandconcre Hardy'sweaknessderivedfromhisapparentinabilitytocontrolthecomingsandgoingsofthesedivergentimpulsesandfromhisunwillingnesstocultivateandsustaintheenergeticandriskyones.derivederivedfrom后面的VirginiaWoolf'sprovocativestatementaboutherintentionsinwritingMrs.Dallowayhasregularlybeenignoredbythecritics,sinceithighlightsanaspectofherliteraryinterestsverydifferentfromthetraditionalpictureofthe"poetic"novelistconcernedwithexaminingstatesofreverieandvisionandwithfollowingtheintricatepathwaysofindividual般狀態(tài)，并致力于追尋意識的通幽曲徑。Asinceitstatementhighlightanaspect之后有兩個修飾成分，一ofherliteraryintereststhatthatisverydifferentfromthetraditionalpictureofthepoeticnovelistanaspect的。Novelistand連接的兩個介詞結(jié)構(gòu)concernedwithngnovelist.的定語從句中引導(dǎo)詞＋bethatisandconcernedwith與前面的concernedwith重復(fù)，所以concerned被省略。AssheputitinTheCommonReader,“ItissafetosaythatnotasinglelawhasbeenframedoronestonesetuponanotherbecauseofanythingChaucersaidorwroteandyet,aswereadhim,weareabsorbingmoralityateverypore.”（5-）們讀它的書的時候，身上每一個毛孔都充滿了道德”的行為規(guī)則或政治機構(gòu)，但受其影響之深，以及其之大。Withtheconclusionofaburstactivity,thelacticacidlevelishighinthebodyfluids,leavingthelargeanimalvulnerabletoattackuntiltheacidisreconverted,viaoxidativemetabolism,bytheliverintoglucose,whichisthensent(inpart)backtothemusclesforglycogensynthesis.譯文：隨著爆發(fā)出來的運動的結(jié)束，再體液中乳酸含量會變得很高，使into）葡萄糖，而葡萄糖接下來又會（部分）傳送回肌肉中重新糖原。viaoxidativemetabolismbytheliver又起到了語的作用，把beconvertedinto拆成兩段。bodyfluidsoxidativesynthesis通過glycogen這種東西則沒辦法，只AlthoughGutmanadmitsthatforcedseparationbysalewasfrequent,heshowsthatslaves’preference,revealedmostclearlyonplantationswheresalewasinfrequent,wasverymuchforstablemonogamy.（monogamy解釋：本句中語的使用revealedmostclearlyonplantationswheresalewasinfrequent,后半個分句中的主語thatslaves'preference與系動詞was離得太遠(yuǎn)，造成閱讀的。GutmanarguesconvincinglythatthestabilityoftheBlackfamilyencouragedthetransmissionof-andsowascrucialinsustaining-theBlackheritageoffolklore,music,andreligiousexpressionfromonegenerationtoanother,aheritagethatslaveswerecontinuallyfashioningoutoftheirAfricanandAmericanexperiences.達在內(nèi)的文化遺產(chǎn)一代一代傳遞下去，因而在維持文化遺產(chǎn)方面也起著至關(guān)重要的作that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中，encouragedthetransmissionoftheBlackheritage被同時表示并列和轉(zhuǎn)折的andso分開，給讀者造成了閱讀上和理解上的。最后一個逗號后面的部分是修飾前面的blackheritage的同位語。Thispreferenceforexogamy,Gutmansuggests，mayhavederivedfromWestAfricanruleserningmarriage,which,thoughtheydifferedfromonetribalgrouptoanother,allinvolvedsomekindofprohibitionagainstunionswithclosekin.withclosekin）的。解釋：本句有兩個語，第一個語Gutmansuggests割裂了主句的主語和謂語。WestAfricanrules后跟著兩個修飾成分，第一個是分詞修飾(erningmarriage),第二個是以which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句，從句中出現(xiàn)了第二個語thoughtheydifferedfromonetribalgrouptoanother，又割裂了從句引導(dǎo)詞與謂語之間的聯(lián)系。HisthesisworksrelativelywellwhenappliedtodiscriminationagainstBlacksintheUnitedStatesbuthisdefinitionofracialprejudiceas"racially-basednegativeprejudgmentsagainstagroupgenerallyacceptedasaraceinanygivenregionofethniccompetition，canbeinterpretedasalsoincludinghostilitytowardsuchethnicgroupsastheC