2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-中國(guó)藝術(shù)研究院考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號(hào)48

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-中國(guó)藝術(shù)研究院考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Manyartistslateinthelastcenturywereinsearchofameanstoexpresstheirindividuality.Moderndancewasoneofthewayssomeofthesepeoplesoughttofreetheircreativespirit.Atthebeginningtherewasnoexactingtechnique,nofoundationfromwhichtobuild.Inlateryears,trial,errorandgeniusfoundedthetechniquesandtheprinciplesofthemovement.Eventually,innovatorsevendrewfromwhattheyconsideredthedreadballet,butfirsttheyhadtoabandonallthatwasacademicsothatthenewcouldbediscovered.ThebeginningsofmoderndancewerehappeningbeforeIsadoraDuncan,butshewasthefirstpersontobringthenewdancetogeneralaudiencesandseeitacceptedandacclaimed.

Hersearchforanaturalmovementformsenthertonature.Shebelievedmovementshouldbeasnaturalastheswayingofthetreesandtherollingwavesofthesea,andshouldbeinharmonywiththemovementoftheEarth.Hergreatcontributionsareinthreeareas.

First,shebegantheexpansionofthekindsofmovementthatcouldbeusedindance.BeforeDuncandanced,balletwastheonlytypeofdanceperformedinconcert.Intheballetthefeetandlegswereemphasized,withvirtuosityshownbycomplex,codifiedpositionsandmovements.Duncanperformeddancebyusingallherbodyinthefreestpossibleway.Herdancestemmedfromhersoulandspirit.Shewasoneofthepioneerswhobroketraditionsoothersmightbeabletodeveloptheart.

Hersecondcontributionliesindancecostume.Sherejectedballetshoesandstiffcostumes.ThesewerereplacedwithflowingGreciantunes,barefeet,andunboundhair.Shebelievedinthenaturalbodybeingallowedtomovefreely,andherdressdisplayedthisideal.

Herthirdcontributionwasintheuseofmusic.InherperformancessheusedthesymphoniesofgreatmastersincludingBeethovenandWagner,whichwasnottheusualcustom.

Shewasasexcitingandeccentricinherpersonallifeasinherdance.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whatdidnaturerepresenttoIsadoraDuncan?

2.Comparedtothoseoftheballet,IsadoraDuncan’scostumeswereless（）.

3.WhichofthefollowingisnotmentionedasanareaofdancethatDuncanworkedtochange?

4.Wecaninferfromthepassagethattheauthor（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Somethingtoconquer.

B.Amodelformovement.

C.Aplacetofindpeace.

D.Asymbolofdisorder.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.costly

B.colorful

C.graceful

D.restrictive

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thestageset.

B.Themusic.

C.Costumes.

D.Movements.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.appreciatesmoderndanceverymuch

B.dislikesIsadoraDuncan’sdance

C.thinkshighlyofindividuality

D.knowsalotaboutmodernarts

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.ArtistsoftheLastCentury

B.EvolutionofDanceinthe20thCentury

C.NaturalMovementinDance

D.APioneerinModernDance

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.判斷推理題。題干問(wèn)的是“對(duì)IsadoraDuncan來(lái)說(shuō)，大自然代表了什么？”根據(jù)第二段的一、二句“她對(duì)自然運(yùn)動(dòng)形式的探索使她進(jìn)入了自然。她認(rèn)為運(yùn)動(dòng)應(yīng)該像樹(shù)木的搖擺和大海的波濤一樣自然，應(yīng)該與大地的運(yùn)動(dòng)協(xié)調(diào)一致?！币簿褪钦f(shuō)，IsadoraDuncan把大自然當(dāng)作舞蹈運(yùn)動(dòng)的模型，將舞蹈和自然相結(jié)合。所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)原文第四段的內(nèi)容“她摒棄了紫色內(nèi)衣，芭蕾舞鞋和具有限制性的服裝，取而代之的是飄逸的希臘寬松外衣、光著腳和披散著的頭發(fā)。”由此可知，Duncan的服裝是輕松自由的，相對(duì)于芭蕾服裝來(lái)說(shuō)，沒(méi)有那么多的限制性，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。原文第三段主要講述的是Duncan對(duì)舞蹈動(dòng)作的改變；第四段主要講述的是對(duì)舞蹈服裝的改變；第五段主要講述的是對(duì)音樂(lè)運(yùn)用的改變。所以只有選項(xiàng)A“舞臺(tái)”的改變?cè)谠闹袥](méi)有提及。

4.判斷推理題。原文首段的一二句提及“上世紀(jì)晚期，許多藝術(shù)家都在尋找一種表達(dá)自己個(gè)性的方法?，F(xiàn)代舞是其中一些人尋求釋放他們創(chuàng)造精神的方式之一?！苯酉聛?lái)的內(nèi)容主要是圍繞著現(xiàn)代舞的先驅(qū)IsadoraDuncan展開(kāi)，講述了她在舞蹈上的一些創(chuàng)新，由此可推斷，作者非常注重個(gè)性。所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

5.主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文是一篇傳記，主要講述的是現(xiàn)代舞的先驅(qū)——IsadoraDuncan對(duì)舞蹈的巨大貢獻(xiàn)。所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

2.單選題

Adversecircumstancescompelledhimtoclosehisbusiness.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.unfamiliar

B.local

C.unfavorable

D.good

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。句意：……環(huán)境迫使他關(guān)閉了生意。A選項(xiàng)unfamiliar“不熟悉的，沒(méi)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的”；B選項(xiàng)local“當(dāng)?shù)氐?，局部的”；C選項(xiàng)unfavorable“不利的，不宜的”；D選項(xiàng)good“好的”。根據(jù)下文的“closehisbusiness”可知，肯定是不好的環(huán)境導(dǎo)致他停業(yè)，adverse意為“不利的”，選項(xiàng)C與之意思相近。

3.單選題

AsforAnn,Iamnotsureabouther（）inItalian.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.fluency

B.clarity

C.coherence

D.excellency

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)fluency“（語(yǔ)言，文章）流利”；B選項(xiàng)clarity“清晰，清楚”；C選項(xiàng)coherence“一致，連貫性”；D選項(xiàng)excellency“優(yōu)點(diǎn)，美德”。句意：至于安，我不確定她的意大利語(yǔ)是否流利。選項(xiàng)A符合語(yǔ)境。

4.單選題

Inanenvironmentallyconscioustweakonthetypicalwayofgettingfoodtothetable,growingnumbersofpeopleareskippingoutongrocerystoresandevenfarmersmarketsandinsteadgoingrighttothesourcebybuyingsharesoffarms.

Ononeofthefarms,hereabout35mileswestofChicago,SteveTriskowasweedingbeetstheotherdayandcuttingbackashadetreesobabytomatoescouldgetsunlight.Mr.Triskoisaretiredcomputerconsultantwhoownssharesinthefour-acreErehwonFarm.

“Wedecidedthatit’sinourinteresttohaveasmallfarmsucceed,andhavethembeabletohaveasustainablefarmproducinggoodfood,”Mr.Triskosaid.

PartofaloosebutgrowingnetworkmostlymobilizedontheInternet,Erehwonisparticipatinginwhatisknownascommunity-supportedagriculture.About150peoplehaveboughtsharesinErehwon—inessence,hiringpersonalfarmersandturningtheoldnotionofsharecroppingonitshead.

TheconceptwasimportedfromEuropeandAsiainthe1980sasanalternativemarketingandfinancingarrangementtohelpcombattheoftenprohibitivecostsofsmall-scalefarming.Butuntilrecently,itwasslowtotakeroot.Therewerefewerthan100suchfarmsintheearly1990s,butinthelastseveralyearsthenumbershavegrowntocloseto1,500,accordingtoacademicexpertswhohavefollowedthetrend.

“Ithinkpeoplearebecomingmorelocal-minded,andthisfitsrightintothat,”saidNicholeD.Nazelrod,programcoordinatorattheFultonCenterforSustainableLivingatWilsonCollegeinChambersburg,Pa.,anationalclearinghouseforcommunity-supportedfarms.“Peopleareseeingwaystocometogetherandworktogethertomakethissuccessful.”

TheshareholdersofErehwonFarmhaveopenaccesstothelandandaguaranteedpercentageoftheseason’sharvestoffruitandvegetablesforpackagesthatrangefromabout$300to$900.Arrangementsoffresh-cutblossomstwiceamonthcanbeincludedforanextra$120—orforthedeluxepackage,$220will“feedthesoul”withweeklybouquetsofliliesandsunflowersandotherlocalblooms.

Shareholdersarenotrequiredtoworkthefields,buttheycaniftheywant,andmanydo.Mr.Triskosaidhisfamilyknowsthatwithouthisvolunteerlaborandagreementtoshareinthefinancialriskofraisingcrops,thesmallorganicfarmmightnotsurvive.“It’sveryhardforthemtomakeendsmeet,”hesaid,“soIdecidedtogooutandhelp.Weharvest,water,pullweeds,whatevertheyneeddoing.”

Erehwon—theword“nowhere”spelledbackward—startedwithtwoshareholders,reacheditsgoalof140lastyear,andnowhasraiseditstargettoabout200members.

1.Accordingtothepassage,growingnumbersofpeoplebuysharesoffarmsbecausethey（）.

2.ErehwonFarmdiffersfromthetraditionalfarmsinthatitis（）.

3.Wemayinferfromthepassagethatcommunity-sponsoredfarm（）.

4.TheaverageshareholdersofErehwonFarmareentitledto（）.

5.ItisimpliedthatErehwonFarm（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.areconsciousofenvironmentalproblems

B.abandonthetypicalwayofgettingfoodtothetable

C.nolongerdependongrocerystoresandfarmersmarkets

D.liketogrowvegetablesthemselvesinthesuburbanfarms

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.verysmall

B.veryefficient

C.community-supportedagriculture

D.sharedbypeoplefromdifferentplaces

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.isanewconceptemergingintheU.S.A

B.hastocombatwithsmall-scalefarming

C.isgraduallytakingshapeinAmericanagriculture

D.isverypopularasboomingagricultureintheU.S.A

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.cometogetherandworktogetheronthefarm

B.getaguaranteedpercentageoftheseason’sharvestoffruitandvegetables

C.enjoypackagesthatrangefromabout$300to$900

D.buy$120-$220fresh-cutblossomstwiceamonth

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.comesfromthebackwardspelledword“nowhere”

B.isafictionalnameandthereisnosuchafarmintheU.S.A

C.it’sveryhardtosurviveowingtoitssmallsize

D.developssoundly,inspiteofitsfinancialdifficulties

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)原文第一自然段的內(nèi)容“環(huán)保意識(shí)改變了將食物端上桌的傳統(tǒng)方式，相反，越來(lái)越多的人轉(zhuǎn)向了雜貨店甚至農(nóng)貿(mào)市場(chǎng)，通過(guò)購(gòu)買(mǎi)農(nóng)場(chǎng)的股份來(lái)直接獲取來(lái)源?！庇纱丝芍?，越來(lái)越多的人買(mǎi)農(nóng)場(chǎng)股份是受到環(huán)保意識(shí)的影響，所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“PartofaloosebutgrowingnetworkmostlymobilizedontheInternet,Erehwonisparticipatinginwhatisknownascommunity-supportedagriculture.Erehwon是松散卻不斷壯大的網(wǎng)絡(luò)的一部分，主要通過(guò)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)動(dòng)員起來(lái)，他參與的是所謂的社區(qū)支持農(nóng)業(yè)?！币约氨径巫詈笠痪洹癷nessence,hiringpersonalfarmersandturningtheoldnotionofsharecroppingonitshead.從本質(zhì)上說(shuō)，就是雇傭私人農(nóng)場(chǎng)主，顛覆舊的佃農(nóng)制度?！庇纱丝芍?，Erehwon農(nóng)場(chǎng)和傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)場(chǎng)的不同之處在于它是社區(qū)支持的農(nóng)業(yè)，選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)原文第五段第一句“TheconceptwasimportedfromEuropeandAsiainthe1980sasanalternativemarketingandfinancingarrangementtohelpcombattheoftenprohibitivecostsofsmall-scalefarming.這一概念是在20世紀(jì)80年代從歐洲和亞洲引進(jìn)的，作為一種替代性的銷售和籌資安排，來(lái)幫助克服小規(guī)模農(nóng)業(yè)通常高昂的費(fèi)用?！庇纱丝芍@不是一個(gè)新的概念，而且是來(lái)幫助而不是來(lái)和小規(guī)模農(nóng)場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的，所以選項(xiàng)A和選項(xiàng)B均表述錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)本段第二句“Butuntilrecently,itwasslowtotakeroot.但直到最近，它才慢慢生根發(fā)芽”可知，這一概念剛剛生根發(fā)芽，還沒(méi)有初步成形，所以選項(xiàng)C錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)本段最后一句的內(nèi)容可知，像Erehwon這樣的農(nóng)場(chǎng)由以前的不到100家到現(xiàn)在增長(zhǎng)到接近1500家，說(shuō)明社區(qū)支持的農(nóng)業(yè)在美國(guó)蓬勃發(fā)展的農(nóng)業(yè)非常受歡迎。所以選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段的第一句“TheshareholdersofErehwonFarmhaveopenaccesstothelandandaguaranteedpercentageoftheseason’sharvestoffruitandvegetablesforpackagesthatrangefromabout$300to$900.ErehwonFarm的股東可以自由使用土地，并保證獲得當(dāng)季水果和蔬菜收成的一定比例，金額從300美元到900美元不等?！庇纱丝芍?，選項(xiàng)B符合原文。選項(xiàng)A目前還沒(méi)有實(shí)現(xiàn)；選項(xiàng)C曲解了原文的意思；選項(xiàng)D不是普通股東享有的權(quán)利，所以只有選項(xiàng)B正確。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段首句“Erehwon—theword“nowhere”spelledbackward…Erehwon這個(gè)詞是由‘nowhere’倒著寫(xiě)的”，由此可知，選項(xiàng)A符合原文。選項(xiàng)B在文中沒(méi)有信息提及；根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知，Erehwon農(nóng)場(chǎng)不是由于規(guī)模小而無(wú)法生存，屬于曲解原文句意，所以選項(xiàng)C不正確；原文也沒(méi)有提及財(cái)政問(wèn)題，所以選項(xiàng)D也不正確。

5.翻譯題

各學(xué)科的發(fā)展日新月異，令人稱奇，但衡量知識(shí)、能力的方法卻依然如故，非常原始。迄今為止，教育工作還沒(méi)有找到比考試更有效、更可靠的方法，著實(shí)有點(diǎn)離奇。盡管有不少人認(rèn)定，考試能衡量出一個(gè)人的知識(shí)水平，但實(shí)際情況恰恰相反，這是有目共睹的。要想考察一個(gè)人死記硬背的本事和在極大壓力下快速答題的技巧，考試或許是個(gè)不錯(cuò)的辦法。然而，特別是對(duì)藝術(shù)學(xué)科來(lái)說(shuō)，要想了解一個(gè)人的藝術(shù)稟賦資質(zhì)和藝術(shù)實(shí)際能力如何，考試是考不出名堂來(lái)的。

【答案】Contrasttotherapidandastonishingdevelopmentinvarioussubjects,thewayofmeasuringknowledgeandabilityremainsasbefore,ratherprimitive.Sofar,therehasbeennowaywhichismoreeffectiveandreliablethanexamsineducation,whichseemskindofqueer.Thoughsomepeoplebelievethatexamscouldweighone’sknowledgelevel,thetruthisjusttheopposite,asisobvioustoall.Examsmaybeanot-so-badsolutiontotesttheabilitytoremembersomethingbyroteortoanswerquestionsquicklyyetundergreatpressure,buttheyareofvainifyouwanttoknowaboutthegift,intelligenceorpracticalabilitiesofaperson.

6.單選題

Leo.Tolstoywas（）asthegreatestwriterofthe20thcentury.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.saluted

B.estimated

C.scaled

D.measured

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)salute“敬禮，致敬”；B選項(xiàng)estimate“估計(jì)，判斷”；C選項(xiàng)scale“測(cè)量，攀登”；D選項(xiàng)measure“測(cè)量，估量”。句意“列夫?托爾斯泰被譽(yù)為20世紀(jì)最偉大的作家。”選項(xiàng)A符合語(yǔ)境。

7.單選題

Thesalesmanapproachedthehousecautiouslywhenhesawtheviciousdogatthedoor.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.cautious

B.deliberate

C.nervous

D.malicious

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)句意：當(dāng)推銷員看到門(mén)口有一只……狗時(shí)，他小心翼翼地走近房子。A選項(xiàng)cautious“謹(jǐn)慎的，小心的”；B選項(xiàng)deliberate“故意的”；C選項(xiàng)nervous“緊張的”；D選項(xiàng)malicious“惡意的，懷恨的”。選項(xiàng)D符合語(yǔ)境。

8.單選題

Sadly,asspendingonprivategardenshas（）,spendingonpublicparkshasgenerallydeclined.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.heightened

B.lifted

C.flown

D.soared

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)heighten“提高，升高”；B選項(xiàng)lift“舉起，抬高”；C選項(xiàng)flow“流動(dòng)，流通”；D選項(xiàng)soar“急升，激增”。句意：悲哀的是，隨著私人花園的支出飆升，公共公園的支出普遍下降。填空處填入的應(yīng)該是和declined相反的單詞，所以選項(xiàng)D符合語(yǔ)境。

9.單選題

MostbroadcastersmaintainthatTVhasbeenunfairlycriticizedandarguethatthepowerofmediumis（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.granted

B.implied

C.exaggerated

D.remedied

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)grant“授予，允許”；B選項(xiàng)imply“暗示”；C選項(xiàng)exaggerate“夸大”；D選項(xiàng)remedy“補(bǔ)救，糾正”。句意：大多數(shù)廣播公司認(rèn)為電視受到了不公正的批評(píng)，認(rèn)為媒體的力量被夸大了。選項(xiàng)C符合語(yǔ)境。

10.單選題

Theculturaldepartmentistryingtohelptheseperformingenterprisesoutofthe（）byvariousmeans.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.delight

B.twilight

C.flight

D.plight

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)delight“高興”；B選項(xiàng)twilight“衰退期”；C選項(xiàng)flight“飛行”；D選項(xiàng)plight“困境”。句意“文化部門(mén)正試圖通過(guò)各種方式幫助這些演藝企業(yè)走出困境?！边x項(xiàng)D符合語(yǔ)境。

11.單選題

Ingeneral,theamountthatastudentspendsforhousingshouldbeheldtoone-fifthofthetotal（）forlivingexpenses.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.acceptable

B.applicable

C.advisable

D.available

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)acceptable“可接受的”；B選項(xiàng)applicable“可適用的，合適的”；C選項(xiàng)advisable“明智的”；D選項(xiàng)available“可獲得的”。句意：一般來(lái)說(shuō)，學(xué)生可用于住房的錢(qián)應(yīng)該占全部生活費(fèi)的五分之一。availablefor意為“可用于……的”，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

12.單選題

Whenfacedwithdoubtsfromsomeadvisersontheattemptedinvasion,thepresidentignoredthem.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.failedtonotice

B.putupwith

C.stoodupfor

D.refusedtoconsider

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。根據(jù)句意：當(dāng)面對(duì)一些顧問(wèn)對(duì)入侵企圖的質(zhì)疑時(shí)，總統(tǒng)……了他們。ignore意為“忽略，忽視”。A選項(xiàng)failtonotice“沒(méi)有注意到”；B選項(xiàng)putupwith“容忍，忍受”；C選項(xiàng)standupfor“支持，擁護(hù)”；D選項(xiàng)refusetoconsider“拒絕考慮”。選項(xiàng)A與之意思最為接近，代入符合語(yǔ)境。

13.單選題

Theauthorofthebookhasshownhisremarkablykeen（）intohumannature.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.intellect

B.insight

C.perception

D.understanding

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)intellect“智力，理解力”；B選項(xiàng)insight“洞察力，洞悉”；C選項(xiàng)perception“知覺(jué)，感覺(jué)”；D選項(xiàng)understanding“理解”。句意：這本書(shū)的作者對(duì)人性有非常敏銳的洞察力。選項(xiàng)B符合語(yǔ)境。

14.單選題

TheInternet,E-commerceandglobalizationaremakinganeweconomicerapossible.Inthefuture,capitalistmarketswilllargelybereplacedbyanewkindofeconomicsystembasedonnetworkedrelationships,contractualarrangementsandaccessrights.

Hasthequalityofourlivesatwork,athomeandinourcommunitiesincreasedindirectproportiontoallthenewInternetandbusiness-to-businessInternetservicesbeingintroducedintoourlives?IhaveaskedthisquestionofhundredsofCEOSandcorporateexecutivesinEuropeandtheUnitedStates.Surprisingly,virtuallyeveryonehassaid,“No,quitecontrary.”Theverypeopleresponsibleforusheringinwhatsomehavecalleda“technologicalrenaissance”saytheyareworkinglongerhours,feelmorestressed,aremoreimpatient,andareevenlesscivilintheirdealingswithcolleaguesandfriends—nottomentionstrangers.Andwhat'smorerevealing,theyplacemuchoftheblameontheverysametechnologiestheyaresoaggressivelychampioning.

Thetechnoguruspromisedusthataccesswouldmakelifemoreconvenientandgiveusmoretime.Instead,theverytechnologicalwondersthatweresupposedtoliberateushavebeguntoenslaveusinawebofconnectionsfromwhichthereseemstobenoeasyescape.

Ifanearliergenerationwaspreoccupiedwiththequesttoencloseavastgeographicfrontier,generation,itseems,ismorecaughtupinthecolonizationoftime.Everysparemomentofourtimeisbeingfilledwithsomeformofcommercialconnection,makingtimeitselfthemostscarceofallresources.Oure-mail,voicemailandcellphones,our24-hourInteractnewsandentertainmentallseizeforourattention.

Andwhilewehavecreatedeverykindoflabor-andtime-savingdevicetoserviceourneeds,wearebeginningtofeellikewehavelesstimeavailabletousthananyotherhumansinhistory.Thatisbecausethegreatproliferationoflabor-and-time-savingservicesonlyincreasesthediversity,paceandflowofcommodifiedactivityaroundus.Forexample,e-mailisagreatconvenience.However,wenowfindourselvesspendingmuchofourdayfranticallyrespondingtoeachother’selectronicmessages.Thecellphoneisagreattime-saver.Exceptnowwearealwayspotentiallyinreachofsomeoneelsewhowantsourattention.

Socialconservativestalkaboutthedeclineincivilityandblameitonthelossofamoralcompassandreligiousvalues.Hasanyonebotheredtoaskwhetherthehyperspeedcultureismakingallofuslesspatientandlesswillingtolistenanddefer,considerandreflect?

Maybeweneedtoaskwhatkindsofconnectionsreallycountandwhattypesofaccessreallymatterinthee-economyera.Ifthisnewtechnologyrevolutionisonlyabouthyperefficiency,thenwerisklosingsomethingevenpreciousthantime—oursenseofwhatitmeanstobeacaringhumanbeing.

1.Accordingtothepassage,corporateexecutivesthinkthat（）.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

3.Wgeneration?

4.Inthesixthparagraph,theauthorimpliedthat（）.

5.Anappropriatetitleforthepassagemightbe（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.technologyrenaissanceshouldbepushedforward.

B.technologyhasaprofoundimpactontheirlives.

C.technologyactuallyresultsinadeclineintheirlifequality.

D.technologyshouldbeaggressivelychampioned.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Technologywassupposedtofreepeople.

B.Tgenerationbecameslavesoftechnology.

C.Newtechnologiesoccupymuchofourtime.

D.Itisdifficulttoavoidtheinfluenceoftechnologywonders.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Technologicalwonders.

B.Accesstoinformation.

C.Time.

D.Timesavingdevices.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.socialconservativesblamedthelossofmoralityontechnology.

B.generationwaslesscivilthantheearliergenerations.

C.thehyperspeedcultureledtothedeclineincivility.

D.technologymightmakepeoplelessimpatient.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.TheNewInternetLife.

B.TheDrawbacksoftooMuchAccess.

C.TheFailureofTechnologicalRenaissance.

D.TheDecliningQualityofLife.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第二段中的Hasthequalityofourlivesatwork,athomeandinourcommunitiesincreasedindirectproportiontoallthenewInternetandbusiness-to-businessInternetservicesbeingintroducedintoourlives?...“No,quitecontrary.”（我們?cè)诠ぷ?、家庭和社區(qū)的生活質(zhì)量是否與我們生活中引入的所有新互聯(lián)網(wǎng)和企業(yè)對(duì)企業(yè)的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)服務(wù)成正比？……“不，完全相反?！保┛芍狢選項(xiàng)“技術(shù)實(shí)際上導(dǎo)致了他們生活質(zhì)量的下降”符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第三段中的Instead,theverytechnologicalwondersthatweresupposedtoliberateushavebeguntoenslaveusinawebofconnectionsfromwhichthereseemstobenoeasyescape.（相反，本應(yīng)解放我們的科技奇跡，卻開(kāi)始把我們束縛在一個(gè)似乎無(wú)法輕易擺脫的聯(lián)系網(wǎng)中）但并不是說(shuō)網(wǎng)絡(luò)一代變成了技術(shù)的奴隸，因此選B。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第四段中的Everysparemomentofourtimeisbeingfilledwithsomeformofcommercialconnection,makingtimeitselfthemostscarceofallresources.（我們的每一個(gè)空閑時(shí)間都充滿了某種形式的商業(yè)聯(lián)系，使時(shí)間本身成為所有資源中最稀缺的）可知選C。

4.推理判斷題。文章第六段中的Hasanyonebotheredtoaskwhetherthehyperspeedcultureismakingallofuslesspatientandlesswillingtolistenanddefer,considerandreflect?（有沒(méi)有人問(wèn)過(guò)，高速發(fā)展的文化是否讓我們所有人都變得不那么有耐心，不太愿意傾聽(tīng)、推遲、考慮和反思？）可知D選項(xiàng)“科技可能會(huì)使人失去耐心”符合題意。

5.主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了科技給人們生活帶來(lái)的負(fù)面影響，因此B選項(xiàng)“使用過(guò)多的缺點(diǎn)”符合題意。

15.單選題

Asthesilentfilm（）sound,sodidthesoundfilm（）color.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.cryoutfor;cryoutfor

B.criedoutfor;criedoutfor

C.hadcriedoutfor;cryoutfor

D.hadcriedoutfor;criedoutfor

【答案】C

【解析】考查語(yǔ)法知識(shí)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，后半句為部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，助動(dòng)詞did提到了主語(yǔ)前面，所以第二空應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞原形，由此可排除選項(xiàng)B和選項(xiàng)D。前半句描述的事情發(fā)生在后半句之前，因此時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。句意“正如無(wú)聲電影迫切需要聲音一樣，有聲電影也迫切需要色彩?！?/p>

16.單選題

He（）incourtthathehadseentheprisonerrunoutofthebankafterithadbeenrobbed.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.justified

B.witnessed

C.testified

D.identified

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)justify“證明合法，證明……是正當(dāng)?shù)摹?；B選項(xiàng)witness“目擊，證明，為……作證”；C選項(xiàng)testify“作證，證明”；D選項(xiàng)identify“確定，鑒定，識(shí)別”。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都可以表示“作證，證明”，但testifyincourt是固定用法，表示“出庭作證”，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

17.單選題

TheGovernmenthasthereforeagreedtopayauthoritiesextrasumsto（）fortheirfinanciallosses.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.makeup

B.turnup

C.fillin

D.leanon

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)makeup“組成，編造，彌補(bǔ)”；B選項(xiàng)turnup“出現(xiàn)，發(fā)生”；C選項(xiàng)fillin“填寫(xiě)”；D選項(xiàng)leanon“依賴，靠在……上”。句意：政府因此同意向當(dāng)局支付額外的金額，以彌補(bǔ)他們的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。makeupfor意為“補(bǔ)償，彌補(bǔ)”，選項(xiàng)A正確。

18.單選題

Heisanactorof（）whohasneverabandonedhisprinciplesforthesakeofhisownbenefits.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.integrity

B.stability

C.scarcity

D.dignity

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)integrity“完整，正直，誠(chéng)實(shí)”；B選項(xiàng)stability“穩(wěn)定性，堅(jiān)定”；C選項(xiàng)scarcity“不足，缺乏”；D選項(xiàng)dignity“尊嚴(yán)，高貴”。句意“他是一個(gè)正直的演員，從不為了自己的利益而放棄自己的原則?！边x項(xiàng)A符合語(yǔ)境。

19.翻譯題

Althoughourunderstandingoflearningisstillnotcomplete,agreatdealisknown.Learninghasmanydifferentformsandtakesplaceundermanyconditions.Ingeneral,itinvolvesachangeinbehavior.Whenachangeinbehaviortakesplaceasaresultoflearning,thechangeisusuallyalong-lastingone.Learningmaymeanthatanumberofsmallindependentactsarearrangedinaneworder.Thishappens,forexample,whenyoulearntoplayanewpieceonthepiano.

【答案】盡管我們對(duì)“學(xué)習(xí)”的理解不盡完善，然而我們對(duì)此已有不少了解?！皩W(xué)習(xí)”可以呈現(xiàn)不同的形式，也可以在許多情況下進(jìn)行。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，“學(xué)習(xí)”必然會(huì)引起行為的變化?！皩W(xué)習(xí)”導(dǎo)致人們行為發(fā)生變化時(shí)，這種變化常能持久?！皩W(xué)習(xí)”也許意味著對(duì)一系列細(xì)小而不相關(guān)的行為按新的順序重新排列。就好比你在鋼琴上學(xué)習(xí)彈奏一首新的曲子。

20.單選題

The（）betweenthetwoplayingperiodsofafootballgameisonlyafewminutes.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.internal

B.reserve

C.interval

D.radium

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)internal“內(nèi)部”；B選項(xiàng)reserve“預(yù)備，儲(chǔ)存”；C選項(xiàng)interval“間隔，間距”；D選項(xiàng)radium“鐳”。句意：足球比賽兩場(chǎng)比賽之間的間隔只有幾分鐘。選項(xiàng)C符合語(yǔ)境。

21.單選題

Thedramaawardsprovidea(n)（）foryoungpeopletoimprovetheirperformingskills.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.captive

B.fugitive

C.initiative

D.incentive

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)captive“俘虜，迷戀者”；B選項(xiàng)fugitive“逃亡者，難捕捉之物”；C選項(xiàng)initiative“主動(dòng)權(quán)，首創(chuàng)精神”；D選項(xiàng)incentive“動(dòng)機(jī)，刺激”。句意“戲劇獎(jiǎng)能夠激勵(lì)年輕人提高他們的表演技巧?！边x項(xiàng)D符合語(yǔ)境。

22.單選題

TherighttopursuehappinessispromisedtoAmericansbytheUSConstitution,butnooneseemsquitesurewhichwayhappinessran.Itmaybeweareissuedahuntinglicensebutofferednogame.JonathanSwiftconceivedofhappinessas“thestateofbeingwell-deceived,”orofbeing“afoolamongidiots,”forSwiftsawsocietyasalandoffalsegoals.

Itis,ofcourse,un-Americantothinkintermsoffalsegoals.Wedo,however,seemtobededicatedtotheideaofbuyingourwaytohappiness.WeshallallhavemadeittoHeavenwhenwepossessenough.

AndatthesametimetheforcesofAmericanbusinessarehugelydedicatedtomakingusdeliberatelyunhappy.Advertisingisoneofourmajorindustries,andadvertisingexistsnottosatisfydesiresbuttocreatethem—andtocreatethemfasterthananyone'sbudgetcansatisfythem.Forthatmatter,ourwholeeconomyisbasedonaddictingustogreed.Weareeventolditisourpatrioticdutytosupportthenationaleconomybybuyingthings.

Lookatanyofthemagazinesthatcatertowomen.Thereadvertisingbeginsasartandslogansinthefrontpagesandendsaspillsandtherapyinthebackpages.Theartatthefrontillustratesthedreamofperfectbeauty.Thisisthebabyskinthatmustbehers.This,theperfumedbreathshemustbreatheout.This,thesixteen-year-oldfigureshemustdisplayatforty,atfifty,atsixty,andforever.ThisistheharnessintowhichMothermuststrapherselfinordertodisplaythatperfectfigure.Thisisthecreamthatrestoresskin,thesearethetabletsthatmeltawayfataroundthethighs,andthesearethepillsofperpetualyouth.

Obviouslynoreasonablepersoncanbecompletelypersuadedeitherbysuchartorbysuchpillsanddevices.Yetsomeoneisobviouslytryingtobuythisdreamandspendingbillionseveryyearintheattempt.Clearlythehappiness-marketisnotrunningoutofcustomers,butwhatisittheyaretryingtobuy?

Definingthemeaningof“happiness”isaperplexingproposition:thebestonecandoistotrytosetsomeextremestotheideaandthenworktowardsthemiddle.Tothinkofhappinessasachievingsuperiorityoverothers,livinginamansionmadeofmarble,havingawardrobewithhundredsofoutfits,willdotosetthegreedyextreme.

Fromthefirsttwoparagraphsofthepassagewemayinferthat（）.

In“advertisingexistsnottosatisfydesiresbuttocreatethem”(Line2,Para.3),“them”refersto（）.

Intheauthor’sview,buyingthingsisregardedas（）.

Itisimpliedbytheauthorthatthemagazinesare（）.

Thebesttitleforthepassagemaybe（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theUSConstitutiongivespeopletherighttopursuehappiness

B.Americanpeopleareatalossashowtogainhappiness

C.JonathanSwiftdidnotbelieveinhappinessitself

D.Americanpeopletendtobuytheirhappiness

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.people’sdesires

B.advertisements

C.varioussensesofhappiness

D.theforcesofAmericanbusiness

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.apatrioticduty

B.supportingthenationaleconomy

C.somethingaddictingustogreed

D.beingtakeninbyadvertising

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.sheerartandslogans

B.fulloflureanddeception

C.veryusefulforprofessionalwomen

D.useless,likecream,tabletsandpills

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Thepursuitofhappiness

B.Therighttopursuehappiness

C.ThefalsegoalsofAmericanpeople

D.Themisguidingforceofadvertising

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.判斷推理題。根據(jù)原文前兩段的內(nèi)容可知，美國(guó)憲法賦予美國(guó)人民追求幸福的權(quán)利，但似乎誰(shuí)也說(shuō)不清幸福跑到哪里去了。JonathanSwift提出了虛假目標(biāo)的說(shuō)法，但這種說(shuō)法不是美國(guó)式思維。然而，我們（美國(guó)人）似乎執(zhí)迷于花錢(qián)買(mǎi)幸福的理念。由此可知，選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

2.語(yǔ)義推斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵信息定位到第三段句意“廣告的存在不是為了滿足欲望，而是為了創(chuàng)造欲望?！庇纱丝芍?，這里的“them”指代的是前半部分提到的“desire”。所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Forthatmatter,ourwholeeconomyisbasedonaddictingustogreed.Weareeventolditisourpatrioticdutytosupportthenationaleconomybybuyingthings.這樣一來(lái)，我們的整個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)就是建立在使我們沉迷于貪婪的基礎(chǔ)上的。甚至有人告訴我們，通過(guò)購(gòu)買(mǎi)東西來(lái)支持國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)是我們的愛(ài)國(guó)義務(wù)?！庇纱丝芍?，作者認(rèn)為購(gòu)物是使我們沉迷于貪婪的東西，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第四段的內(nèi)容可知，作者提及，現(xiàn)在的雜志為了迎合女性的口味，開(kāi)頭的幾頁(yè)廣告都是藝術(shù)和口號(hào)，到了結(jié)尾的幾頁(yè)就都變成了藥丸和療法。由此可知，作者認(rèn)為雜志充滿了誘惑和欺騙，選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

5.主旨大意題。結(jié)合原文內(nèi)容可知，前兩段作者提及美國(guó)人追尋不到幸福的方向，而且傾向于花錢(qián)買(mǎi)幸福；接著作者講到了人們是如何花錢(qián)來(lái)購(gòu)買(mǎi)幸福的案例；最后作者指出幸福很難定義，關(guān)鍵在于個(gè)人如何看待。由此可知，本文主要是圍繞著追尋幸福這一話題展開(kāi)，所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

23.翻譯題

一九七八年，我們黨召開(kāi)具有重大歷史意義的十一屆三中全會(huì)，開(kāi)啟了改革開(kāi)放歷史新時(shí)期。從那時(shí)以來(lái)，中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨人和中國(guó)人民以一往無(wú)前的進(jìn)取精神和波瀾壯闊的創(chuàng)新實(shí)踐，譜寫(xiě)了中華民族自強(qiáng)不息、頑強(qiáng)奮進(jìn)新的壯麗史詩(shī)，中國(guó)人民的面貌、社會(huì)主義中國(guó)的面貌、中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨的面貌發(fā)生了歷史性變化。改革開(kāi)放是黨在新的時(shí)代條件下帶領(lǐng)人民進(jìn)行的新的偉大革命，目的就是要解放和發(fā)展社會(huì)生產(chǎn)力，實(shí)現(xiàn)國(guó)家現(xiàn)代化，讓中國(guó)人民富裕起來(lái)，振興偉大的中華民族。

【答案】In1978,ourPartyconvenedthethirdPlenarySessionofthe11thCentralCommitteeoftheCPCwithgreathistoricalsignificance,openinganewhistoricalperiodofreformandopeningup.Sincethen,theChineseCommunistsandtheChinesepeople,withtheirindomitablespiritofenterpriseandgreatinnovationandpractice,havewrittenanewepicofperseveranceandfortitudefortheChinesenation.HistoricchangeshavetakenplaceinthefaceoftheChinesepeople,socialistChinaandtheCommunistPartyofChina.ReformandopeningupisagreatnewrevolutionthatthePartyisleadingthepeopletocarryoutinthenewera.Itspurposeistoliberateanddeveloptheproductiveforces,modernizethecountry,enrichtheChinesepeopleandrevitalizethegreatChinesenation.

24.單選題

Mostyoungpeopleenjoysomeformofphysicalactivity.Itmaybewalking,cyclingorswimming,orinwinter,skatingorskiing.Itmaybegameofsomekindfootball,hockey,golf,ortennis.Itmaybemountaineering.

Thosewhohaveapassionforclimbinghighanddifficultmountainsareoftenlookeduponwithastonishment.Whyaremenandwomenwillingtosuffercoldandhardship,andtotakerisksonhighmountains?Thisastonishmentiscausedprobablybythedifferencebetweenmountaineeringandotherformsofactivitytowhichmengivetheirleisure.

Mountaineeringisasportandnotagame.Therearenoman-maderules,asthereareforsuchgamesasgolfandfootball.Thereare,ofcourse,rulesofadifferentkindwhichitwouldbedangeroustoignore,butitisthisfreedomfromman-maderulesthatmakesmountaineeringattractivetomanypeople.Thosewhoclimbmountainsarefreetousetheirownmethods.

Ifwecomparemountaineeringandothermorefamiliarsports,wemightthinkthatonebigdifferenceisthatmountaineeringisnota“teamgame”.Weshouldbemistakenin