版權(quán)說明:本文檔由用戶提供并上傳,收益歸屬內(nèi)容提供方,若內(nèi)容存在侵權(quán),請進行舉報或認(rèn)領(lǐng)
文檔簡介
住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-東北大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I(帶答案詳解)(圖片可根據(jù)實際調(diào)整大小)題型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題
NowapaperinSciencearguesthatorganicchemicalsintherockcomemostlyfrom()onearthratherthanbacteriaonMars.
問題1選項
A.configuration
B.constitution
C.condemnation
D.contamination
【答案】B
【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項configuration“配置;結(jié)構(gòu);外形”;B選項constitution“憲法;體制;構(gòu)造;結(jié)構(gòu)”;C選項condemnation“譴責(zé);定罪;非難的理由”;D選項contamination“污染,玷污;污染物”。句意:如今《科學(xué)》雜志上有一篇論文認(rèn)為,巖石中的有機化合物大多數(shù)來自地球本身的結(jié)構(gòu),而不是火星上的細(xì)菌。結(jié)合句意,B選項正確。
2.單選題
Drinkingwateris()whensewageseepsintothewatersupply.
問題1選項
A.concealed
B.consumed
C.contemplated
D.contaminated
【答案】D
【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項conceal“隱藏;隱瞞”;B選項consume“消耗,消費”;C選項contemplate“沉思;注視”;D選項contaminate“污染,弄臟”。句意:當(dāng)污水滲入到供水系統(tǒng)后,飲用水會被污染。根據(jù)句意判斷出D選項正確。
3.單選題
FastReading
Newspapers
Newspapersaretheoriginalformofbroadbandcommunication,adistinctionnotalwaysrecognizedintheageoftheInternet.Longbeforewehadcomputers,televisions,radios,telephonesandtelegraphs,newspaperswerethecheapestandmostefficientwaytoreachmassaudienceswithnews,commentaryandadvertising.Newspapers,fromtheirbeginningsashand-printed“broadsheets”,havebeenatruerandom-accessmedium-readerscanmoveeasilyandquicklythroughthedifferentsectionsofanewspaper,returningtothemdaysorevenweekslater.Andbecauseanewspaper’s“software”consistsofacommonlanguage,itpossessesauniversalandtimelessquality.
WhatDidtheGrowthofTVNewsMeantoNewspapers?
Withthegrowthoftelevisionnewsinthe1960s,newspapersconfrontedtheirfirstformidablecompetitor.Today,ABCNewsclaimsthatmoreAmericansgettheirnewsfromABCthanfromanyothersource—andit’sprobablytrue.TheUnitedStates’1,600dailynewspaperscontinuetoservemillionsofreaders,butnewspapersarenolongerthecountry’sdominantmassmedium.Howtosurviveandevenflourishinaculturemoreattunedto(吻合)electronicmediathantoprinter’sinkisthemostseriousissuefacingthenewspaperindustryasitentersthe21stcentury.
ItissafetosaythatnewspapersarenotabouttofollowtheMorsetelegraphintooblivion.Newspapersareaportableconvenientmedium.Noonelugsacomputermonitortothebreakfasttabletogetthemorningnews.And,newspapersareprovingsurprisinglyadeptatreinventingthemselvesfortoday’sreadersbyemphasizinggooddesign,colorphotographyanddetailedstoriesthatreportandinterpretcurrentevents.
WhatExactlyIsNewsandHowDoesItWork?
Curiously,forapublicationcalledanewspaper,noonehasevercoinedastandarddefinitionofnews.Butforthemostpart,newsusuallyfallsunderonebroadclassification-theabnormal.Itishumanfolly,mechanicalfailuresandnaturaldisastersthatoften“makethenews”.Reportersareanewspaper’sfront-lineeyesandears.Reportersglean(收集)informationfrommanysources,somepublic,suchaspolicerecords,andothersprivate,suchasagovernmentinformant.Occasionally,areporterwillgotojailratherthanrevealthenameofaconfidentialsourceforanewsstory.Americannewspapersproudlyconsiderthemselvesthefourthbranchofgovernment—thewatchdogbranch—thatexposeslegislative,executiveandjudicialmisbehavior.
Somereportersareassignedtobeats,oranareaofcoverage,suchasthecourts,cityhall,education,business,medicineandsoforth.Othersarecalledgeneralassignmentreporters,whichmeanstheyareoncallforavarietyofstoriessuchasaccidents,civiceventsandhuman-intereststories.Inthemovies,reportershaveexciting,frenzied(狂熱的)anddangerousjobsastheyliveafamouspronouncementofthenewspaperbusiness:“Comforttheafflictedandafflictthecomfortable.”Althoughafewmembersofthemediahavebeenkilledasaresultofinvestigationsintowrongdoing,newspaperworkforthegreatmajorityofreportersisroutine.
Allreportersareultimatelyresponsibletoaneditor.Dependingonitssize,anewspapermayhavenumerouseditors,beginningwithanexecutiveeditorresponsibleforthenewsdivision.Immediatelybelowtheexecutiveeditoristhemanagingeditor,thepersonwhooverseestheday-to-dayworkofthenewsdivision.Othereditors―sports,photo,state,national,featuresandobituary(訃告),forexample—mayalsoreporttothemanagingeditor.
However,thebestknownandinsomewaysthemostcrucialeditoristhecityormetroeditor.Thisistheeditorthatreportersworkfordirectly.Thecityormetroeditorassignsstones,enforcesdeadlinesandisthefirsttoseereporters’rawcopyonthecompositionsystemorcomputernetwork.Theseeditorsarecalledgatekeepers,becausetheycontrolmuchofwhatwillandwillnotappearinthenextday’spaper.Oftenworkingunderthestressofbreakingnews,theirdecisionstranslatedirectlyintothecontentofthenewspaper.
Oncethecityormetroeditorhasfinishededitingareporter’srawcopy,thestorymovesfromthecompositionsystemviathecomputernetworktoanotherpartofthenewsdivision,thecopydesk.Here,copyeditorscheckforspellingandothererrorsofusage.Theymayalsolookfor“holes”inthestorythatwouldconfusereadersorleavetheirquestionsunanswered.Thecopydeskchiefroutesfinishedstoriestoothereditorswhofitlocalandwireservicestories,headlines(writtenbytheeditor—notthereporter!)anddigitalphotographsontopages.Newspapersareincreasinglydoingthiswork,calledpagination(分頁),withpersonalcomputersusingsoftwareavailableatanyofficesupplystore.MicrosoftWindows,WordandQuarkExpressarethreeprogramsthat,thoughnotdesignedfornewspaperproduction,areeasilyadaptedforit.
WhatAretheEditorialPagesAllAbout?
Anewspaperpublishesitsviewsoncurrentevents-bothlocalandnational-onitseditorialpages.Thisiswhereeditorials,unsignedcommentarythatreflectsthecollectivepositionofthenewspaper’seditorialboard,appear.Editorialsarenotnews,butratherreasonedopinionbasedonfacts.Forexample,editorialsmaycriticizetheperformanceofpublicofficialssuchasthemayor,thepolicechief,orthelocalschoolboard;conversely,editorialsmaypraiseothersfortheirciviccontributions.Whateverthetopic,newspapershopetheireditorialswillraisethelevelofcommunitydiscourse.
Twowaysthisoccursarefamiliartoanynewspaperreader―letterstotheeditorandop-edarticles(acontractionofopposite-editorialpage).Lettersarealwaysamongthebest-readsectionofanynewspaper,forthisiswherereadersexpresstheiropinions.Op-edarticlesusuallyrun850to1,000words.Newspapersmakespaceforletterstotheeditorandop-edarticlesfreelyavailableaspartoftheircontributiontocivicdialogue.
Theeditorialpagesareunderthedirectionofaneditoroutsidethenewsdivision.Newspaperpeoplecallthis“separationofchurchandstate”,meaningthereisalinebetweennewsandopinionthatmustnotbecrossed.Todosostripsanewspaperofitsmostvaluableasset-credibility.Forthatreason,editorialpageeditorsatsomelargenewspapersreporttothepublisher,whoisthechiefexecutiveofficerofthecompany,andnottotheexecutiveeditor.Othernewspapersmayhavetheireditorialpageeditorreportingtotheexecutiveeditor.Whatevertheorganizationalmodel,though,neitherdepartmentcantelltheotherwhattopublishinthenewspaper.
HowAreNewspapersDistributed?
Responsibilityforgettingthenewspaperfromthepresstothereaderfallstothedistributiondivision.Largenewspaperspublishtwo,threeorevenfoureditions,allofwhichmustbereadytoleavethenewspaperplantatacertaintime.Thefirstedition,sometimescalledthebulldogedition(晨版),goestotheouterlimitsofthenewspaper’scirculationarea.
Thismaybeseveralcountiesorevenanentirestate.Latereditionscontainprogressivelyfreshernewsandgotosmallerareas.Thefinaledition,whichgoestopressaftermidnight,containsthelatestnewsbutcoversthesmallestgeographicalarea,usuallyacity.
Anysubscribertoadailynewspaperknowsthatitplops(撲通落下)ontothedrivewayintheweehoursofthemorning.Independentcontractorscalledcarriersbuycopiesofthenewspaperatdiscountanddeliverthem,usingtheirpersonalvehicles.ThefirstjobformanyAmericanyoungsterswasdeliveringtheafternoonpaperintheirneighborhood.
Thecirculationdepartmentdrawstheroutesthatcarriersfollow.Thisdepartmentisalsoresponsibleforracksales,newspapersthatgointocoin-operateddispensers(自動售貨機).Thecirculationdepartmentmaintainssubscribers’billingrecords,stopsandstartsdeliveriesuponrequest,andusesservicerunnerstodelivermissingpapers.
In18hoursofhighlycoordinatedworkcarriedoutbynumerousdivisions,whatnewspaperpeoplecalla“roughdraftofhistory”asmovedthroughcomputersystems,imaging(成像)machinesandpresses,toitsfinaldestination-thereaders.
After3:30a.m.,fewpeopleremainatanewspaperplant.Alltheotherdivisionshavegonehome.Thepresseshavefallensilent,perhapsundergoingmaintenancefortheremainderofthenight.Thesuddensilencewillnotlastlong.Inlessthanfourhours,thenewspaper,asitmustdo365daysayear,willrousefromitsshortsleepandstartalloveragain.
1.Whatcanbestdescribethequalitiesofnewspapersnow?
2.WhatqualitiesshouldNewspaperspossessinordertosurviveinthecompetitionagainstothermedia?
3.Today’snewspaperspaymoreattentiontothefollowingaspectsEXCEPT().
4.WhyAmericannewspapersconsiderthemselves“thewatchdogbranch”?
5.Whatwillandwillnotappearinthenextday’spaperisdecidedby().
6.Whatmustbepublishedonnewspapers’editorialpages?
7.Newspapersmakeroomforletterstotheeditorandopposite-editorialarticlesasimportantdevotionto().
問題1選項
A.Theyareoriginalandhand-printed.
B.Theyarethecheapestandmostefficient.
C.Theyareuniversalandeverlasting.
D.Theyarethewholeworld’sdominantmassmedium.
問題2選項
A.Convenienceandadaptability.
B.Convenienceandgooddesign.
C.Colorphotographyandadaptability.
D.Gooddesignandcolorphotography.
問題3選項
A.gooddesign
B.detailedstories
C.colorphotography
D.lowcostandhighincome
問題4選項
A.Becausetheyreportandinterpretcurrentevents.
B.Becausetheyuncoverlegislative,executiveandjudicialmisbehavior.
C.Becausetheyreporthumanfolly,mechanicalfailuresandnaturaldisasters.
D.Becausetheygatherstoriessuchasaccidents,civiceventsandhuman-intereststories.
問題5選項
A.thecopyeditor
B.theexecutiveeditor
C.themanagingeditor
D.thecityormetroeditor
問題6選項
A.Thecriticismofpublicofficialssuchasthemayorandthepolicechief.
B.Theopinionsthatreadersexpressaboutthedetailedstories.
C.Newspapers’commentsoncurrentevents.
D.Thegooddeedpublicofficialshavedonefortheirciviccontributions.
問題7選項
A.currentevents
B.publicreports
C.privatestories
D.civicdialogue
【答案】第1題:C
第2題:A
第3題:D
第4題:B
第5題:D
第6題:C
第7題:D
【解析】1.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實題。第一段指出:Andbecauseanewspaper’s“software”consistsofacommonlanguage,itpossessesauniversalandtimelessquality.(因為報紙的“軟件”是由一種共同的語言組成的,所以它具有普遍和無時間限制的特質(zhì))。因此C項“它們普遍而永恒”正確。
2.【試題解析】判斷推理題。第三段講了報紙是如何求生存:Newspapersareaportableconvenientmedium(報紙是一種方便攜帶的媒介),以及:And,newspapersareprovingsurprisinglyadeptatreinventingthemselvesfortoday’sreadersbyemphasizinggooddesign,colorphotographyanddetailedstoriesthatreportandinterpretcurrentevents.(驚人的是,報紙善于打造自身以適應(yīng)現(xiàn)今的讀者,通過注重好的設(shè)計,彩色攝影和報告和解釋時事的詳細(xì)報道)。由此可知,報紙為了在競爭中生存應(yīng)該具備方便和適應(yīng)性的特點,故選A。
3.【試題解析】判斷推理題。第三段指出:And,newspapersareprovingsurprisinglyadeptatreinventingthemselvesfortoday’sreadersbyemphasizinggooddesign,colorphotographyanddetailedstoriesthatreportandinterpretcurrentevents.(驚人的是,報紙善于打造自身以適應(yīng)現(xiàn)今的讀者,通過注重好的設(shè)計,彩色攝影和報告和解釋時事的詳細(xì)報道)。四個選項中,只有D項“低成本,高收入”未被提及,因此答案選D。
4.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實題。第四段指出:Americannewspapersproudlyconsiderthemselvesthefourthbranchofgovernment—thewatchdogbranch—thatexposeslegislative,executiveandjudicialmisbehavior.(美國報紙驕傲的自稱為政府第四個分支——監(jiān)察機構(gòu)——這暴露了立法、行政和司法方面的不當(dāng)行為)。由此可知B項正確。
5.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實題。第七段指出:Theseeditorsarecalledgatekeepers,becausetheycontrolmuchofwhatwillandwillnotappearinthenextday’spaper.(這些編輯被稱作守門人,因為他們控制著第二天報紙上將出現(xiàn)的大多數(shù)內(nèi)容)。由此可知D項正確。
6.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實題。第九段指出:Anewspaperpublishesitsviewsoncurrentevents-bothlocalandnational-onitseditorialpages.(報紙將其關(guān)于當(dāng)?shù)鼗驀鴥?nèi)最近事件的觀點發(fā)表于社論版面里)。由此可知,社論版發(fā)表對最近事件的看法。故選C。
7.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實題。第十段指出:Newspapersmakespaceforletterstotheeditorandop-edarticlesfreelyavailableaspartoftheircontributiontocivicdialogue.(報紙為讀者來信和反對意見的文章騰出地方,是它們?yōu)槭忻駥υ捵龀鲐暙I的一部分)。因此,D項“公民對話”正確。
4.單選題
Heisoneofthemostactive()intheextracurricularactivitiesofthestudents’union.
問題1選項
A.inhabitants
B.descendants
C.participants
D.tenants
【答案】C
【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項inhabitant“居民;居住者”;B選項descendant“后裔;子孫”;C選項participant“參與者”;D選項tenant“承租人;房客;佃戶”。句意:他是學(xué)生會課外活動最積極的參與者之一。結(jié)合句意,判斷出選項C正確。
5.單選題
ImportedfromGermany,this()instrumentrequiresawell-trainedoperator.
問題1選項
A.artificial
B.intricate
C.competent
D.luxurious
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項artificial“人造的;仿造的;虛偽的”;B選項intricate“復(fù)雜的;錯綜的;纏結(jié)的”;C選項competent“勝任的;有能力的”;D選項luxurious“奢侈的;豐富的”。句意:從德國進口的這個復(fù)雜儀器需要一位訓(xùn)練有素的操作者。根據(jù)句意,判斷出B選項正確。
6.單選題
Fiber-opticcablescancarryhundredsoftelephoneconversations().
問題1選項
A.simultaneously
B.spontaneously
C.homogeneously
D.contemporarily
【答案】A
【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。A選項simultaneously“同時地”;B選項spontaneously“自發(fā)地;自然地;不由自主地”;C選項homogeneously“同樣地”;D選項contemporarily“當(dāng)今;時下;眼前”。句意:光纜能同時地傳遞數(shù)以百計的電話交流。結(jié)合句意,A選項正確。
7.單選題
Itisnotadvisableto()inaffairsthatareofnoconcerntoyou.
問題1選項
A.impart
B.ponder
C.meddle
D.abound
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項impart“給予(尤指抽象事物),傳授;告知,透露”;B選項ponder“考慮;沉思”;C選項meddle“干預(yù);干涉”;D選項abound“富于;充滿”。句意:去干涉與你無關(guān)的事情是不明智的。根據(jù)句意判斷出C選項正確。
8.單選題
Hespokeso()thatevenhisopponentswerewonoverbyhisarguments.
問題1選項
A.reservedly
B.emphatically
C.determinedly
D.convincingly
【答案】D
【解析】【試題解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。A選項reservedly“決然地;斷然地”;B選項emphatically“著重地;強調(diào)地;斷然地”;C選項determinedly“決然地;斷然地”;D選項convincingly“令人信服地;有說服力地”。句意:他如此令人信服地發(fā)言,以至于他的對手都被他的辯論所說服。根據(jù)句意,D選項正確。
9.單選題
Inthemorningthechildrenweredelightedtofindthateverythingwasundera()ofsnowoutside.
問題1選項
A.coat
B.cloak
C.frock
D.shawl
【答案】A
【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項coat“外套;表層”;B選項cloak“斗篷;寬大外衣”;C選項frock“女裝;連衣裙;罩袍”;D選項shawl“圍巾;長方形披巾”。句意:早上孩子們高興地發(fā)現(xiàn),外面的一切都在一層雪的下面。固定搭配acoatof“一層”,結(jié)合此處語境,A選項正確。
10.單選題
Apopularwayofkeepingfitistogo(),whichisakindofslow-tomedium-pacedrunning.
問題1選項
A.trotting
B.sauntering
C.strolling
D.jogging
【答案】D
【解析】【試題解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項trot“小跑”;B選項saunter“漫步;閑逛”;C選項stroll“漫步;閑逛;巡回演出”;D選項jog“慢跑;輕推,輕撞”。句意:保持健康的流行方式是去慢跑,其是一種緩慢到中等步伐的跑步。結(jié)合此處語境,D選項正確。
11.單選題
Whatisthebestwoodtoburninthehomefireplace?Choosethekindofwoodtoburnislikechoosingabottleofwine.Eachchoiceyoucanmakehassomethingdifferenttooffer.Woodsdifferinthescenttheygiveoffandintheheattheyprovide.Thekindofwoodyouwillchoosedependsonyourownneedsandtastes.
Pine,spruce,andfiraresoftandeasytolight.Theyburnquicklywithahotflame.However,afirebuiltfromthesewoodsburnsoutquickly.Thiskindoffirerequiresalotofattention.Itneedsnewlogsaddedtokeepthefireburning.Afirebuiltfromsoftwoodsmightbeidealforyouatcertaintimes.Youmaywantaquickwarmingfirethatwillburnoutbeforeyougotobed.
Foralong-lastingfire,itisbesttouseheavierwoods.Thesewouldbeash,beech,birch,maple,andoak.Thesewoodsdon’tburnasfast.Oakgivesthemostevenandshortestflames.Italsoproducessteady,glowingcoals.Whenyouhaveseveraloaklogsburninginyourgrate,youcansettlebackforasteadyshowofflame.
Ifyouwantagood-smellingfire,usethewoodfromfruittrees.Apple,cherry,andnuttreesallproducepleasantscents.Theirsmokeusuallysmellslikethetree’sfruit.
Bymixingsoftwoodswithhardwoods,youcangetalong-lasting,easy-to-lightfire.Later,byaddingsomefruitwood,youcanproduceapleasantscentaswell.
Asarule,nomorethanfourlogsareneededtomakeagoodfire.Adjustthelogstomaintaintheflames.Pushtheendsofthelogsintheflamesfromtimetotime.Addkindlingandnewlogsasneededtorekindleadyingflame.Rakecoalstowardthefrontofthegratebeforeaddingnewlogsandputnewlogsattherear.Theretheywillreflectlightandheatintotheroom.
Letonlyaninchortwoofashcollectsatthebottomofthegrate.Anymorethanthiscanruintheandirons.Toomuchashblockstheflowofairtothefire.Someashisneededtoformthebedfortheglowingcoalsthatdropthroughthegrate.Theyhelptoholdtheheatanddirectdraftsofairuptothebaseofthefire.
1.Whatisthemainideaofthisarticle?
2.Spruceburnswitha().
3.Inordertogetmoreheatoutofyourfireplace,youshould().
問題1選項
A.Fruitwooddoesnotburnwellinthefireplace.
B.Wetwoodiseasydriedinahomefireplace.
C.Youshouldchooseyourfireplacewoodcarefully.
D.Heavierwoodscankeepalong-lastingfire.
問題2選項
A.coldflame
B.hotflame
C.shortflame
D.steadyflame
問題3選項
A.addnewlogstothebackofthefire
B.cleanyourchimneyonceayear
C.rakecoalstowardtherearofthefireplace
D.ruintheandirons
【答案】第1題:C
第2題:B
第3題:A
【解析】1.【試題解析】主旨大意題。本文主要談及壁爐選擇木材取決于需要和品味。可以得知C選項“你應(yīng)該仔細(xì)選擇你的壁爐木材”符合題意。
2.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞spruce可以定位到文章第二段中“Pine,spruce,andfiraresoftandeasytolight.Theyburnquicklywithahotflame.”,中文翻譯為:松樹、云杉和冷杉因柔軟而容易點燃。它們迅速燃燒,火焰很熱。因此B選項正確。
3.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由題干可以定位到文章倒數(shù)二段“Asarule,nomorethanfourlogsareneededtomakeagoodfire.Adjustthelogstomaintaintheflames.Pushtheendsofthelogsintheflamesfromtimetotime.Addkindlingandnewlogsasneededtorekindleadyingflame.Rakecoalstowardthefrontofthegratebeforeaddingnewlogsandputnewlogsattherear.Theretheywillreflectlightandheatintotheroom.”,中文翻譯為:一般說來,生一堆好火不需要超過四根木頭。調(diào)整原木以保持火焰。不時地把木柴的末端推入火焰中。添加引物和新的原木,以重新點燃即將熄滅的火焰。在添加新原木之前,把煤耙到爐排前面,并把新原木放在后面。在那里,它們將把光和熱反射進房間。故A為正確選項。
12.單選題
Agoodrefereehastobe()__intheoutcomeofafootballgame,orelsehemaytrytomakecallsthatfavoroneteamoveranother.
問題1選項
A.contemporary
B.comely
C.disinterested
D.notorious
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項contemporary“當(dāng)代的;同時代的”;B選項comely“清秀的,標(biāo)致的”;C選項disinterested“無私的;公正的;冷漠的;廉潔的”;D選項notorious“聲名狼藉的,臭名昭著的”。句意:一位好的裁判在足球比賽結(jié)果上必須是公正的,否則他可能試圖去做出有利于一支球隊的裁定。結(jié)合句意,故C選項正確。
13.單選題
Thejudgeruledthattheevidencewasinadmissibleonthegroundsthatitwas()totheissueathand.
問題1選項
A.irrational
B.unreasonable
C.irrelevant
D.invalid
【答案】C
【解析】【試題解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項irrational“不合理的”;B選項unreasonable“不合理的;非理智的”;C選項irrelevant“不相干的;不切題的”;D選項invalid“無效的;有病的;殘廢的”。句意:這位法官判定這一證據(jù)是不予采納的,理由是它與手頭的案件是不相干的。C選項正確。
14.單選題
Thestreetperformerwassobadwehadto()him,butdidwehavetothrowtherottentomatoesathishead?
問題1選項
A.jeer
B.dissolve
C.adjourn
D.guarantee
【答案】A
【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項jeer“嘲笑;戲弄”;B選項dissolve“使溶解;使分解;使液化”;C選項adjourn“推遲;使……中止”;D選項guarantee“保證;擔(dān)?!?。句意:街頭藝人的表演是如此糟糕,所以我們不得不嘲笑他,但是我們不得不向他的頭扔腐爛的西紅柿嗎?結(jié)合句意,A選項正確。
15.單選題
Manypeopleare()toinsectbites,andsomeevenhavetogotohospital.
問題1選項
A.insensitive
B.allergic
C.infectious
D.alert
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項insensitive“感覺遲鈍的”;B選項allergic“對……過敏的”;C選項infectious“傳染的;傳染性的”;D選項alert“警惕的;留心的”。句意:很多人對蟲子叮咬過敏,且有些人甚至不得不去醫(yī)院。結(jié)合此處句意,B選項正確。
16.單選題
Aftersomanyweekswithoutrain,thegroundquickly()thelittlerainthatfellyesterday.
問題1選項
A.absorbed
B.drained
C.digested
D.soaked
【答案】A
【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項absorb“吸收;使……全神貫注”;B選項drain“耗盡;使流出”;C選項digest“消化;融會貫通”;D選項soak“使浸泡,使浸漬”。句意:在許多個星期無雨后,地面很快地吸收了昨天下的小雨。結(jié)合句意,A選項正確。
17.單選題
Thelecturerwanderedfromhistextto()onapointthathadobviouslycaughthisaudience’sinterest.
問題1選項
A.elaborate
B.interrupt
C.explain
D.emphasize
【答案】A
【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項elaborate“詳細(xì)說明,闡述;詳盡計劃(常與on連用)”;B選項interrupt“中斷;打斷;插嘴;妨礙”;C選項explain“說明;解釋”;D選項emphasize“強調(diào),著重”。句意:這位演講者離開他的正文,去詳盡闡述明顯讓他的觀眾感興趣的一個觀點。結(jié)合句意,A選項正確。
18.單選題
Animportantpropertyofascientifictheoryisitsabilityto()furtherresearch.
問題1選項
A.stimulate
B.originate
C.renovate
D.endorse
【答案】A
【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項stimulate“刺激;鼓舞;激發(fā)”;B選項originate“引起;創(chuàng)作”;C選項renovate“更新;修復(fù);革新;刷新”;D選項endorse“背書;贊同”。句意:科學(xué)理論的一個重要特性是它激發(fā)進一步研究的能力。根據(jù)句意,A選項正確。
19.單選題
Amisconceptionfrequentlyheldbynovicewritersisthatsentencestructuremirrorsthought:themoreconvolutedthestructure,themore()theideas.
問題1選項
A.complicated
B.inconsequential
C.fanciful
D.blatant
【答案】A
【解析】考查形容詞同義辨析。A選項complicated“難懂的,復(fù)雜的”;B選項inconsequential“不重要的;不合理的;不合邏輯的”;C選項fanciful“想象的;稀奇的”;D選項blatant“喧囂的;公然的;炫耀的;俗麗的”。句意:新手作家時常擁有的一個錯誤想法是句子結(jié)構(gòu)反映想法,即結(jié)構(gòu)越復(fù)雜,那么想法也就越復(fù)雜。根據(jù)句意判斷出A選項正確。
20.單選題
Recentlyanumberofcaseshavebeenreportedofyoungchildren()aviolentactpreviouslyseenontelevision.
問題1選項
A.modifying
B.duplicating
C.accelerating
D.stimulating
【答案】B
【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項modify“修改,修飾;更改”;B選項duplicate“復(fù)制;模仿”;C選項accelerate“加速;促進;增加”;D選項stimulate“刺激;鼓舞,激勵”。句意:最近,許多有關(guān)少年兒童模仿先前在電視上所看到的暴力行為的案件被報道。根據(jù)句意,判斷出B選項正確。
21.單選題
Ourvacationtothetropicalbeachresortwasvery()untilthehurricanecame.
問題1選項
A.adverse
B.maximum
C.constrained
D.serene
【答案】D
【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項adverse“不利的;相反的;敵對的”;B選項maximum“最多的;最大極限的”;C選項constrained“拘泥的;被強迫的;不舒服的”;D選項serene“平靜的;晴朗的”。句意:在這場暴風(fēng)來臨之前,我們?nèi)釒Ш┒燃賱俚氐亩燃偈欠浅F届o的。結(jié)合此處語義,D選項正確。
22.單選題
Afterfouryearsinthesamejob,hisenthusiasmfinally().
問題1選項
A.deteriorated
B.dispersed
C.dissipated
D.drained
【答案】D
【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項deteriorate“惡化,變壞”;B選項disperse“分散;消散”;C選項dissipate“驅(qū)散;放蕩”;D選項drain“逐漸消失;流干”。句意:在做同樣的工作四年后,他的激情逐漸消失了。根據(jù)句意可知D選項正確。
23.單選題
Recentfindingsindicatethatbirdscanalsousethemagneticfieldoftheearthasanaidto().
問題1選項
A.criterion
B.orientation
C.standard
D.guideline
【答案】B
【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項criterion“標(biāo)準(zhǔn);規(guī)范;準(zhǔn)則”;B選項orientation“定位;適應(yīng);向東方”;C選項standard“標(biāo)準(zhǔn);度量衡標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”;D選項guideline“指導(dǎo)方針”。句意:最近的調(diào)查結(jié)果表明,鳥類也能使用地球磁場作為定位的輔助手段。結(jié)合句意,B選項正確。
24.單選題
Becausethedemandofcoaldecreased,manyminersbecame().
問題1選項
A.indignant
B.extraneous
C.immaterial
D.redundant
【答案】D
【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項indignant“憤憤不平的”;B選項extraneous“外來的;沒有關(guān)聯(lián)的”;C選項immaterial“非物質(zhì)的;無形的;不重要的;非實質(zhì)的”;D選項redundant“多余的,過剩的;被解雇的,失業(yè)的;冗長的”。句意:因為煤炭的需求下降,所以很多煤礦工人變得失業(yè)。結(jié)合句意,判斷出選項D正確。
25.單選題
Davidtendstofeeluselessandunwantedinasocietythatgivessomuch()tothosewhoareaggressiveandcompetewell.
問題1選項
A.regime
B.prestige
C.superiority
D.legislature
【答案】B
【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項regime“政權(quán);政體;社會制度;管理體制”;B選項prestige“威望;聲望;聲譽”;C選項superiority“優(yōu)越;優(yōu)勢”;D選項legislature“立法機關(guān);立法機構(gòu)”。句意:在一個給予那些有進取心且相當(dāng)有競爭力的人很多聲譽的社會里,大衛(wèi)傾向于認(rèn)為自己無用且不被該社會所需要。根據(jù)句意可知B選項正確。
26.單選題
Rockswhichhavesolidifieddirectlyfrommoltenmaterialsarecalledigneousrocks.Igneousrocksarecommonlyreferredtoasprimaryrocksbecausetheyaretheoriginalsourceofmaterialfoundinsedimentariesandmetamorphics.Igneousrockscomposethegreaterpartoftheearth’scrust,buttheyaregenerallycoveredatthesurfacebyarelativelythinlayerofsedimentaryormetamorphicrocks.Igneousrocksaredistinguishedbythefollowingcharacteristics:(1)theycontainnofossils;(2)theyhavenoregulararrangementoflayersand(3)theyarenearlyalwaysmadeupofcrystals.
Sedimentaryrocksarecomposedlargelyofminutefragmentsderivedfromthedisintegrationofexistingrocksandinsomeinstancesfromtheremainsofanimals.Assedimentsaretransported,individualfragmentsareassortedaccordingtosize.Distinctlayersofsuchsedimentsasgravel,sand,andclaybuildup,astheyaredepositedbywaterandoccasionallywind.Thesesedimentsvaryinsizewiththematerialandthepoweroftheerodingagent.Sedimentarymaterialsarelaiddowninlayerscalledstrata.
Whensedimentshardenintosedimentaryrocks,thenamesappliedtothemchangetoindicatethechangeinphysicalstate.Thus,smallstonesandgravelcementedtogetherareknownasconglomerates;cementedsandbecomessandstone;andhardenedclaybecomesshale.Inadditiontothese,othersedimentaryrockssuchaslimestonefrequentlyresultfromthedepositionofdissolvedmaterial.Theingredientpartsarenormallyprecipitatedbyorganicsubstances,suchasshellsofclamsorhardskeletonsofothermarinelife.
Bothigneousandsedimentaryrocksmaybechangedbypressure,heat,solution,orcementingaction.Whenindividualgrainsfromexistingrockstendtodeformandinterlock,theyarecalledmetamorphicrocks.Forexample,granite,anigneousrock,maybemetamorphosedintoagneissoraschist.Limestone,asedimentaryrock,whensubjectedtoheatandpressuremaybecomemarble,ametamorphicrock.Shaleunderpressurebecomesslate.
1.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto().
2.AllofthefollowingaresedimentaryrocksEXCEPT().
3.Thepassagewouldbemostlikelytoappearina().
4.Therelationshipbetweenigneousandsedimentaryrocksmaybestbecomparedtotherelationshipbetween().
5.Theauthor’stoneinthepassagecanbebestdescribedas().
問題1選項
A.explainthefactorsthatmaycauserockstochangeinform
B.showhowthescientificnamesofrocksreflecttherock’scomposition
C.defineanddescribeseveraldiversekindsofrocks
D.differentiatebetweendifferentkindsofigneousrocks
問題2選項
A.shale
B.schist
C.sand
D.gravel
問題3選項
A.newspaperfeatureexplaininghowoilisfound
B.pamphletpromotingconservationofnaturalresources
C.teachingmanualaccompanyinganearthsciencetext
D.nonfictionbookexplainingwheretofindfossils
問題4選項
A.waterandland
B.sandandclay
C.nucleusandcellwall
D.leavesandcompost
問題5選項
A.objective
B.meditative
C.concerned
D.ironic
【答案】第1題:C
第2題:B
第3題:C
第4題:D
第5題:A
【解析】1.【試題解析】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知,文章描述了igneousrocks火成巖、sedimentaryrocks沉積巖及metamorphicrocks變質(zhì)巖這三種巖石。因此判斷C項“定義和描述了幾種不同種類的巖石”正確。
2.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由題干可以定位到原文尾段“Forexample,granite,anigneousrock,maybemetamorphosedintoagneissoraschist.”,中文大意為:例如,屬于火成巖的花崗巖,可能變形成片麻巖或結(jié)晶片巖。B選項“片巖”正確,符合題意。
3.【試題解析】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知,文章描述了igneousrocks火成巖、sedimentaryrocks沉積巖及metamorphicrocks變質(zhì)巖這三種巖石,判斷C選項“附帶在地球科學(xué)課本上的教學(xué)手冊”,正確。
4.【試題解析】推理判斷題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞igneousandsedimentaryrocks可以定位到原文第一段“Igneousrocksarecommonlyreferredtoasprimaryrocksbecausetheyaretheoriginalsourceofmaterialfoundinsedimentariesandmetamorphics.”,中文翻譯為:火成巖通常被稱為原生巖,因為它們是在沉淀物和變質(zhì)物體中被發(fā)現(xiàn)的原材料。故選D“樹葉和(樹葉)堆肥”。
5.【試題解析】觀點態(tài)度題。通讀全文,作者的對三種巖石的描述都客觀的。因此A選項“客觀的”符合題意。
27.翻譯題
Inalmosteveryformofmedia,includingtelevision,newspapersandmagazines,agreatdealattentionispaidtothe
溫馨提示
- 1. 本站所有資源如無特殊說明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
- 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權(quán)益歸上傳用戶所有。
- 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網(wǎng)頁內(nèi)容里面會有圖紙預(yù)覽,若沒有圖紙預(yù)覽就沒有圖紙。
- 4. 未經(jīng)權(quán)益所有人同意不得將文件中的內(nèi)容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
- 5. 人人文庫網(wǎng)僅提供信息存儲空間,僅對用戶上傳內(nèi)容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護處理,對用戶上傳分享的文檔內(nèi)容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對任何下載內(nèi)容負(fù)責(zé)。
- 6. 下載文件中如有侵權(quán)或不適當(dāng)內(nèi)容,請與我們聯(lián)系,我們立即糾正。
- 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準(zhǔn)確性、安全性和完整性, 同時也不承擔(dān)用戶因使用這些下載資源對自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。
最新文檔
- 2024年銀行考試-中國銀行考試近5年真題集錦(頻考類試題)帶答案
- 第四單元寫話:留言條(教學(xué)課件)二年級語文上冊單元寫話能力提升(統(tǒng)編版)
- 熱力發(fā)電廠課程設(shè)計結(jié)語
- 《教育漫話》讀后感
- 排球墊球?qū)嶄浾n程設(shè)計
- ug課程設(shè)計收獲與體會
- 促進學(xué)生體質(zhì)健康促進行動計劃實施方案
- 江南大學(xué)計組課程設(shè)計
- 法律事務(wù)綜合課程設(shè)計
- XX欄桿更換施工方案
- 2024CSCO腫瘤患者靜脈血栓防治指南解讀
- 公安局招聘警務(wù)輔助人員勞動合同(2024版)
- 2024年國家保安員資格考試題庫及參考答案(完整版)
- 人教版數(shù)學(xué)四年級上冊期中考試試卷含完整答案(易錯題)
- 剖宮產(chǎn)子宮切口瘢痕妊娠診斷與治療指南
- 2024年高考語文閱讀之李娟散文專練全國原卷版
- UG-NX12.0實例教程-課件-第1、2章-UG-NX12.0概述、-曲線繪制
- 創(chuàng)新水處理技術(shù)
- 事業(yè)單位管理崗位職員等級晉升制度面臨問題及實施對策探析
- 中醫(yī)康復(fù)技術(shù)操作規(guī)范標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
- 三年級口算3課件
評論
0/150
提交評論