2022年考研考博-考博英語-全國醫(yī)學(xué)統(tǒng)考考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號24

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-全國醫(yī)學(xué)統(tǒng)考考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

1.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thewoman’sconditioniscritical.

B.Thewomanhasbeenpickingupquitewell.

C.Thewoman’sillnesswascausedbyamosquitobite.

D.Thewomanwon’tseethedoctoranymore.

【答案】B

【解析】M:Well,justkeepyourarmstraightthere.Fine,therewillbealittlepricklikeamosquitobite.OK?Therewego.Ok,Iwillsendthatsampleoffandwe’llcheckit.Ifthesampleisok,wewon’tneedtogoonseeingyouanymore.

W:SoyouthinkI’mgettingbetter?

M:Absolutely.

Q:Whatcanbeinferredfromtheconversation?

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。女士問醫(yī)生自己是否好轉(zhuǎn)，醫(yī)生回答當(dāng)然。

2.單選題

10.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Shehasdevelopedallergies.

B.Shedoesn’tknowwhatallergiesare.

C.Shedoesn’thaveanyallergies.

D.Shehasallergiestreatedalready.

【答案】C

【解析】M:Howaboutallergies?

W:NotthatI’mawareof.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

【解析】對話中男士問女士過敏情況怎么樣了，女士說不是認(rèn)為的那樣，即她沒過敏。

3.單選題

14.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Saturdaymorning.

B.Saturdaynight.

C.Sundayafternoon.

D.Nextweekend.

【答案】D

【解析】W:IfyougotothefootballgameonSaturdaynightandconcertorplayonSunday,youwon’thavemuchtimetostudy.

M:Well,Icandothattheweekendafterthisone.

Q:Whendoesthemanplantostudy?

【解析】男士說：Icandothattheweekend(我可以下周末再做)。

4.單選題

HesaysthatconstantthirstisanundesirableeffectofchemotherapyforwhichnoremedyexistsinWesternmedicalpractice,butcertainherbsdoprovidereliefforsuchpatients.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.protection

B.provision

C.theory

D.therapy

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.protection保護(hù)B.provision條款

C.theory理論D.therapy治療；療法

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】劃線詞前的句子意思為“他說，持續(xù)的口渴是化療的不良效果（Hesaysthatconstantthirstisanundesirableeffectofchemotherapy）”，劃線詞后的句意為“但某些草藥確實(shí)可以緩解這類患者的癥狀”，由后半句句意“緩解這類患者的癥狀”可知西方醫(yī)學(xué)是沒有真正能解決化療的不良效果的方法，即治療方法，所以D選項(xiàng)“治療，療法”符合句意。劃線單詞remedy“補(bǔ)救措施”。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C選項(xiàng)均不符合句意。

【句意】他說，持續(xù)的口渴是化療的不良后果，在西方醫(yī)學(xué)實(shí)踐中沒有任何補(bǔ)救措施，但某些草藥確實(shí)為這類病人提供緩解。

5.單選題

7.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Heistheheadofthehospital.

B.HeisinchargeofPediatrics.

C.HewentoutlookingforDan.

D.HewenttoMichiganonbusiness.

【答案】D

【解析】M:Hello,thisisDonNorthfromPediatrics.I’dlikeawordwithDoctorWilsonifit’spossible.

W:I’msorry,butheleftforMichigantoattendaconferencethismorning.Hewasinfactlookingforyoujustbeforeheleft.

Q:WhatistrueaboutDoctorWilson?

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。對話中說到：heleftforMichigantoattendaconferencethismorning，即DoctorWilson今早前往密歇根參加會議。

6.單選題

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Itcanimprovepeople'smood

B.Itmaycauseweightloss

C.itcanincreasetheinsulinsensitivity

D.Itmaycauseabnormalbloodsugar

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.ltcanresetthebody'smetabolicclock

B.Itcannotresetthebody'smetabolicclack

C.ltmayreducetheriskofdiabetes

D.Itmayincreaseinsulinsensitivity

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Emphasizetheimportanceofrecoverysleep

B.Emphasizetheimportanceofsufficientsleep

C.Therelationshipbetweensleepandhealth

D.Theeffectsofcycleofsufficientandinsufficientsleeptohealth

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

【解析】第1題:由文中可知，充足和不充足的睡眠周期會導(dǎo)致體重增加、胰島素敏感性下降，血糖異常，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

第2題:它不能重置身體的新陳代謝。最后一句說到“Theso-calledrecoverysleepcannotresetthebody'smetabolicclock（所謂的恢復(fù)性睡眠不能重置身體的新陳代謝時(shí)鐘）”，因此恢復(fù)性睡眠并不能重置身體的新陳代謝。B選項(xiàng)正確。

第3題:本篇短文說到的睡眠不足和睡眠充足和健康之間的關(guān)系，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Managementofcancerpatients.

B.Reliefoftheworriesofcaregivers.

C.Emotionalstrugglewhilecaregiving.

D.Emotionalsupportforcancerpatients.

【答案】C

【解析】15.M:DoctorWhite.I’vebeenacancerpatientandacaregiver,toa,cancerpatient.Iknowkayakingwashard.Whatwasgoingonemotionally?Thatseemedsohard.

W:Whenyou’recaregiving,you’reundergoingchronicstress.You’reworryingaboutyourlovedone.

Q:Whatarethetwospeakerstalkingabout?

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干為：這兩個(gè)人在討論什么？由文中“Whenyou’recaregiving,you’reundergoingchronicstress.You’reworryingaboutyourlovedone.（當(dāng)你做護(hù)理時(shí)，你承受著長期的壓力。你在為你在乎的人擔(dān)心）”，可知C選項(xiàng)“Emotionalstrugglewhilecaregiving（護(hù)理過程中的情感斗爭）”符合原文。A選項(xiàng)“癌癥患者的管理”；B選項(xiàng)“減輕照顧者的憂慮”；D選項(xiàng)“對患者的情感支持”不符合原文。

8.單選題

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thewomanneedsatreatment.

B.Thewomandidn’tgetpaidthisweek.

C.Themanwillprobablypayforthedinner.

D.Themanwillsplitthebillwiththewoman.

【答案】C

【解析】6.M:Let’seatouttonight,shallwe?

W:I’mbroke.I’vegonethroughmypaycheckfortheweekalready.

M:Don’tworryaboutit.It’smytreat.

Q:What’scanbeinferredfromtheconversation.

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干為：從這段交談中可以得出什么？由文中“Don’tworryaboutit.It’smytreat.（不用擔(dān)心，我請客）”，可知C選項(xiàng)“Themanwillprobablypayforthedinner.（男士有可能買單）”符合原文。A選項(xiàng)“這個(gè)女人需要治療”；B選項(xiàng)“這個(gè)女人這周沒有拿到工資”；D選項(xiàng)“男士將與女士AA制”不符合原文。

9.單選題

Fluoridedeterstoothdecaybyreducingthegrowthofbacteriathatdestroytoothenamel.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inhibits

B.loosens

C.hastens

D.triggers

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.inhibits抑制；禁止B.loosens放松；松開

C.hastens加速；催化D.triggers引發(fā)；觸發(fā)

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】由本句句意可知破壞細(xì)菌的生長可以“阻止”蛀牙，所以A選項(xiàng)“抑制，禁止”符合題意。劃線單詞deters“阻止”。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D選項(xiàng)均不符合題意。

【句意】氟化物通過減少破壞牙釉質(zhì)的細(xì)菌的生長來阻止蛀牙。

10.單選題

5.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Inahotel.

B.Atafastfoodbar.

C.Inthesupermarket.

D.Inthedepartmentstore.

【答案】C

【解析】M:Ican’tfindtheinstantsoup.

W:Didyoulooknexttothecannedsoup?

M:Ilookedthere.Butthereisn'tanythingontheshelf.

W:Whydon’tyoutrythespicesection?Itoughttobethere.

Q:Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

【解析】推斷題。對話中出現(xiàn)的關(guān)鍵詞有：instantsoup(速溶湯粉)，cannedsoup(罐裝濃湯)，spicesection(香料貨架)，由此推測對話發(fā)生在自選超市。

11.單選題

26-30

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.About90.000

B.About100.000

C.Severalhundreds

D.About5.000

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.WarningfromGoddardSpaceFlightCenter.

B.WarningfromtheKenyaHealthMinistry.

C.Experiencesgainedfromthe1997outbreak.

D.ProperandpromptaidfromNASA(美國國家航空航天局).

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Distributingmosquitonets.

B.Persuadingpeoplenottoslaughteranimals.

C.Urgingpeoplenottoeatanimals.

D.Dispatchingdoctorstotheepidemic-strickenarea.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.ThehighersurfacetemperaturesintheequatorialpartoftheIndianOcean.

B.Theshort-livedmosquitothatwerethehostsoftheviruses.

C.ThewarmanddryweatherintheHornofAfrica.

D.Theheavybuttheintermittentrains.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.WarningfromNASA.

B.HowtotreatRiftValleyFever(裂谷熱).

C.ThedisastrouseffectsofRiftValleyFever.

D.Satellitesandglobalhealth-remotediagnosis.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】InDecember1997largenumbersofcattle,goatsandsheepbegandyingintheGarissadistrictofnorth-easternKenya.Amonthlaterpeoplestarteddying,too.Itwas,atthetime,thebiggestrecordedoutbreakofRiftValleyfeverinEastAfrica.(26)Some100,000stockanimalssuccumbedandabout90,000peoplewereinfected,hundredsfatallyinfivecountries.

InDecember2007thesamethinghappened.Or,ratheritstartedtohappenbutwasstoppedinitstracks.(27)Thedifferencewasthatthesecondtimearoundtherewaswarning.InSeptemberresearchersattheGoddardSpaceFlightCentre,Greenbelt,Maryland,partofAmerica’sspaceagency,NASA,toldtheauthoritiesinKenyathattheyhadaproblem.TheytoldthemagaininOctober.AndagaininNovember.Bythetimetheepidemicemerged(28)theKenyanhealthministryhaddispatchedteamstotheareatodistributemosquitonetsandurgevillageleadersandreligiousauthoritiestostoppeopleslaughteringandeatinganimals.Throughtheoutbreakstillkilled300peopleinKenya,SomaliaandTanzania,itcouldhavebeenalotworse.AccordingtoKennethLinthicumofAmerica’sDepartmentofAgriculture,thenumberofdeathswouldprobablyhavebeenmorethantwiceashighwithoutthewarning.

(30)ThewarningitselfwaspossiblebecauseofamodelofhowdiseasespreadsthatDr.Linthicumhelpeddesign.Andthedatathatwerepluggedintothatmodelcamefromsatellites.

WhattheresearchersatGoddardhadnoticedatthetimeofthefirstoutbreakwasthatinthemonthsprecedingit,surfacetemperaturesintheequatorialpartoftheIndianOceanhadrisenbyhalfadegree.(29)Thesehighertemperaturesbroughtheavyandsustainedrains,cloudcoverandwarmerairtomuchoftheHornofAfrica.Mosquitoesmultipliedwildly,andlivedlongenoughforthevirusthatcausesthefevertodeveloptothepointwhereitiseasilytransmissible.InSeptember2007theresearcherssawthesamethinghappeningintheocean,andsuspectedthesameconsequenceswouldfollow.

26.HowmanystockanimalsdiedattheresultofoutbreakofRiftValleyfeverin1997?

【解析】根據(jù)錄音中的“Some10.000stockanimalssuccumbedandabout90,000peoplewereinfected,hundredsfatallyinfivecountries.”可知，本題答案為B。

27.WhathelpedstoptheoutbreakofRiftValleyfeverin2007?

【解析】從錄音中“Thedifferencewasthatthesecondtimearoundtherewaswarning.…partofAmerica’sspaceagency,NASA,toldtheauthoritiesinKenyathattheyhadaproblem.TheytoldthemagaininOctober.AndagaininNovember.”可知，第二次的區(qū)別在于有來自NASA及時(shí)而準(zhǔn)確的警告。故本題答案為D。

28.Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedasthemajortopreventin2007outbreakspreading?

【解析】從錄音中“..theKenyanhealthministryhaddispatchedteamstotheareatodistributemosquitonetsandurgevillageleadersandreligiousauthoritiestostoppeopleslaughteringandeatinganimals.”可知，只有D選項(xiàng)不是制止瘟疫肆虐的舉措。

29.WhattriggerthetwooutbreaksoftheRiftValleyfeverinAfrica?

【解析】從錄音中“surfacetemperaturesintheequatorialpartoftheIndianOceanhadrisenbyhalfadegree.”可知，A是正確答案，B選項(xiàng)應(yīng)該改成long-livedmosquitoes,C項(xiàng)應(yīng)為“cloudcoverandwarmerairintheHornofAfrica”，D項(xiàng)應(yīng)為“heavyandsustainedrains”。

30.Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?

【解析】該錄音主要內(nèi)容是從NASA給予肯尼亞及時(shí)迅捷的警示，使其在2007年瘟疫爆發(fā)的時(shí)候避免了10年前的厄運(yùn)。因此A選項(xiàng)是正確答案（來自NASA的警告）。

12.單選題

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Minor

B.Moderate.

C.Intense.

D.Severe.

【答案】A

【解析】10.M:Howstrongisthepainexactly?Onascaleof1to10,howwouldyoudescribetheintensityofthepain?

W:I’dsaythepainisaboutoneonascaleof1to10.LikeIsay,it’snotreallybad.Itjustkeepscomingback.

Q:Whichofthefollowingwouldbestdescribethewoman’spain?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干為：以下哪個(gè)最能準(zhǔn)確描述這個(gè)女士的傷痛？由文中“I’dsaythepainisaboutoneonascaleof1to10.LikeIsay,it’snotreallybad.（我想說痛感是1到10等級的第一級。就像我說的，并不算很痛）”，可知A選項(xiàng)“Minor（輕度）”符合原文。B選項(xiàng)“中等的”；C選項(xiàng)“強(qiáng)烈的”；D選項(xiàng)“劇烈的”不符合原文。

13.單選題

14.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thewomanistoooptimisticaboutthestocksmarket.

B.Thewomanwillevenlosemoremoneyatthestockmarket.

C.Thestockmarketbubblewillcontinuetogrow.

D.Thestockmarketbubblewillsoonmeetitsdemise.

【答案】A

【解析】W:IthinkIcouldrecoverthecoughattheendofthisyear.

M:I’msorrytoburstyourbubble,butthestockindexstillrangesbetween1900and2900afterayear.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

【解析】常用習(xí)語。女士認(rèn)為今年年底該站穩(wěn)了（股市會反彈），男士說：I’msorrytoburstyourbubble，即認(rèn)為女士過于樂觀。

14.單選題

10.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.100.

B.232.

C.132.

D.332.

【答案】B

【解析】M:Thereareonly100passengersonthisairplane.

W:Thatleaves132emptyseats.

Q:Howmanyseatsarethereonthisairplane?

【解析】計(jì)算題。男士說飛機(jī)上現(xiàn)有乘客100個(gè)，女士說還有132個(gè)空位。因此飛機(jī)總共可以容納232個(gè)乘客。

15.單選題

13.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Youmayfindmanyofthemonthebookseller’shelves.

B.Youcanbuyitfromalmosteverybookstore.

C.It’saverypopularmagazine.

D.Itdoesn’tsellverywell.

【答案】C

【解析】M:HaveyouheardofthemagazineTheWorldofEnglish?

W:Ofcourse.ItisoneofmanyEnglishmagazinesthatarenowflyingoffbooksellershelves.

Q:WhatdoesthewomanimplyaboutTheWorldofEnglish?

【解析】固定詞組。女士說：ItisoneofmanyEnglishmagazinesthatarenowflyingoffbooksellershelves，即WorldofEnglish是熱銷英語雜志之一。

16.單選題

3.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Itisfast.

B.Itisslow.

C.Itworkswell.

D.Itisnotworking.

【答案】B

【解析】W:Canthatclockberight,10:30?

M:Thatclockisalwaysoff.It’s11:05.

Q:Whatistrueabouttheclock?

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。從對話兩個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)可知，這個(gè)鐘慢了。

17.單選題

21-25

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Anewconceptofdiabetes.

B.ThedefinitionofType1andType2diabetes.

C.Thenewmanagementofdiabeticsinthehospital.

D.Thenewdevelopmentofnon-perishableinsulinpills.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Becauseitvaporizeseasily.

B.Becauseitbecomesoveractiveeasily.

C.Becauseitisusuallyininjectionform.

D.Becauseitisnotstableabove40degreesFahrenheit.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thediabeticscanbecuredwithouttakingsyntheticinsulinanylonger.

B.Thefindingsprovideinsightintohowinsulinworks.

C.Insulincanbemorestablethanitisnow.

D.Insulincanbeproducednaturally.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Itisstableatroomtemperatureforseveralyears.

B.Itisadministereddirectlyintothebloodstream.

C.Itdeliversglucosefrombloodtothecells.

D.Itismorechemicallycomplex.25.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Whyinsulinisnotstableatroomtemperature.

B.Howimportantitistounderstandthechemicalbondsofinsulin.

C.WhypeoplewithType1andType2diabetesdon’tproduceenoughinsulin.

D.Whatshapeinsulintakeswhenitunlocksthecellstotakesugarformblood.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】(21)AteamofAustralianchemistrystudentshavestrengthenedthechemicalbondsofinsulintomakeitstableevenatwarmtemperatures—abreakthroughthatcouldsimplifydiabetesmanagement.Thefindingcouldshedlightonhowinsulinworksandeventuallyleadtoinsulinpills,ratherthaninjectionsorpumps.(22)Insulinneedstobekeptcoldbecauseitismadeofweakchemicalbondsthatdegradeattemperaturesabove40degreesFahrenheit,makingitinactive.Butusingaseriesofchemicalreactions,theresearchteam,comprisedofstudentsfromMonashUniversityinAustralia,replacedtheunstablebondswithstronger,carbon-basedones.Thestrongerbondsstabilizetheinsulin’stwoproteinchainswithoutinterferingwithitsnaturalactivity,accordingtoastoryaboutthefindingsatSciGuru.(24)Theso-called“dicarba”insulinswerestableatroomtemperatureforseveralyears,SciGurusays.(23)Evenmorepromisingisthatthefindingsprovideinsightintohowinsulinworks.

PeoplewithType1andType2diabetesdonotproduceenoughinsulin,whetherit’stheresultofanauto-immunedisorderthatstopsproducingitentirely(Type1)oraconditionbroughtonbyotherfactorslikeobesity,inwhichthebodycannolongeruseitproperly(Type2).Insulinisthemechanismthatdeliversglucosefromthebloodtothecells,sodiabeticsmusttakeasyntheticformofthehormone.(25)Wheninsulinunlockscellstoallowsugartobetakenupfromtheblood,thehormone’sshapechanges—butnooneissurewhattheshapelookslike.Ifresearchersknewthatshape,theycoulddesignsmaller;less-complexversionsofinsulinthatdon’tuseproteins.Thenitcouldbeadministeredinpillformratherthandirectlyintothebloodstream.Understandingthemolecule’schemicalbondsisasteptowardunlockingthatshape,theresearcherssay.

21.Whatisthemainideaofthetalk?

【解析】文章開頭即給出了主旨：一組澳大利亞的化學(xué)系學(xué)生強(qiáng)化了胰島素的化學(xué)鍵，以使其在高溫下也能穩(wěn)定。故選D。

22.Whydoesinsulinneedtobekeptcold,accordingtothetalk?

【解析】根據(jù)文章信息，胰島素的化學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)較弱，在高溫下會使胰島素失效。故選D。

23.Whatmakestheresearchmorepromising?

【解析】根據(jù)原文信息可以得知：研究結(jié)果更有助于了解胰島素是如何發(fā)揮效用的，故選B。

24.Whatistrueaboutthenewtypeofinsulin?

【解析】根據(jù)原文信息可以得知：這種新型胰島素可以在室溫下放置幾年（不變質(zhì)），故選A。

25.Whatisunknowntothescientists,accordingtothetalk?

【解析】原文中提到當(dāng)胰島素“打開”細(xì)胞，讓血液中的葡萄糖進(jìn)入細(xì)胞時(shí)，荷爾蒙的形態(tài)隨之改變，但無人知曉其形態(tài)是什么樣的。故選D。

18.單選題

15.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Shedisagreeswiththemanthere.

B.Sheisgoingtochangehermind.

C.Itisoutofthequestiontodothat.

D.Itispossibletoforgivehim.

【答案】C

【解析】M:Youarenotthinkingofgettingbacktogetherwithhim,areyou?

W:Wouldhedreamofit?

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

【解析】推斷題。女士說:Wouldhedreamofit(他在做夢嗎?)，足以證明她不可能復(fù)合。

19.單選題

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.WithDr.Smithat10onWednesday.

B.WithDr.Smithat10onTuesday

C.WithDr.Jonesat10onWednesday.

D.WithDr.Jonesat10onTuesday.

【答案】A

【解析】14.M:Ineedtocomeinandseethedoctor.IhavereallyitchyskinandthinkImayhavetohaveitlookedat.

W:IhopetimesavailableforTuesdayorWednesday,whichonewouldworkbestforyou?

M:IwanttocomeinonWednesday.

W:Icanfityouinonthatdayatten,doctorSmithorDoctorJonesisavailable.

M:IwouldpreferDoctorSmith.

Q:Whatistheman’sappointment?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干為：男士預(yù)約了什么？由文中“IwanttocomeinonWednesday.（我想星期三來。）”和“Icanfityouinonthatdayatten（我可以幫你預(yù)約那天上午10點(diǎn)。）”以及“IwouldpreferdoctorSmith.（我想約史密斯醫(yī)生。）”，可知A選項(xiàng)“WithDr.Smithat10onWednesday.（周三上午10點(diǎn)史密斯醫(yī)生。）”符合原文。

20.單選題

14.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Totakeamonthoffwork.

B.Torestinbedasmuchaspossible.

C.Totakesomeherbalmedicine.

D.Toputonplaster.

【答案】D

【解析】A:HereismyX-rays.

B:I’lljusthavealook.EverythingisOKexceptwhatyoucanseehere.Thereisahemi-fracture.It'snotveryserious,butyoushouldtakeamonthoffworkandrestinbedasmuchaspossible.I'llgivesomeherbalmedicinetohelpyouhealquickly.

A:DoIneedtoputinplaster?

B:No,itisn’tnecessary.

Q:Whichofthefollowingisnotamongthedoctor’ssuggestion?

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。醫(yī)生認(rèn)為不需要打石膏。

21.單選題

PassageOne

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Robotswilltakeovertheworld.

B.Robotswillrenderthemjobless.

C.Robotscanbeoverusedinhomes.

D.Robotscanbecontrollingtheirlives.22.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Itiswelldevelopedforhomeuse.

B.Itstillhastechnicalobstaclestoovercome.

C.Itcanworkindangerousplacesorsituations.

D.Ithasthepotentialtobebuiltwithalaserdevice.23.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Risingcostoflabor.

B.Increasingamountofwealth.

C.Growingnumberofagedpeople.

D.Pressingneedsformodernization.24.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Enthusiastic.

B.Indifferent.

C.Doubtful.

D.Resentful.25.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.People’saffordability.

B.People’sacceptance.

C.Technicaladvances.

D.Marketpromotion.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】Robotshavebeeninthenewsalotlately.Andarecentpollfoundthat1/3oftheUKpublicisconcernedthatrobotswilltakeovertheirjobs.Butwhataboutrobotsinthehome?Oneofthemostpopularrobotsforthehomeisarobotvacuumcleaner,whichcanalsomassivelycleanyourhomewithverylittlehumaninput.AnitaroboticsisacompanystartedbyagroupofroboticsengineersfromStanfordUniversity.Theywantedtouserobotstoperformhumanchoresatanaffordableprice.ThetechnologytheydevelopedfortheirvacuumcleanersusesalaserGuidesystemtomapoutthehomein360degrees.Thisenablesthemachinetoavoidobstaclesanddangerslikestairs.AlotofsouthernEuropeancountriesareembracingthiscategoryandalsoinScandinavia.

TheScandinavianmarkethasbeenveryinteresting.They’vedonealotofresearchintryingtomodernizetheirwealth,wheretheyhaveagrowingagingpopulation.Andtheyarelookingtodeployroboticvacuumcleanersinoldpeople’shomestoactuallydothecleaning.Andnow,almost30%oftheusersareover55yearsofage.It’saverybroadspectrumofpeople.IntheUK,therehasbeenarelativelyslowadoptionofrobotsinthehome.Ithinkmaybeasaculture,we’reabitmoreskepticalonhowgoodcantheserebelsreallyperformandtaketheplaceofdoingmyvacuuming?Ibelievethiswilltakeawhilebeforerobotsareabletodoeverythingforus,atleastintheUK.Italsodependsonpeople’swillingnesstoallowthesemachinesintoourdailylives.

21.Whatwastheconcernintherecentpoll?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干為：最近的民意調(diào)查關(guān)注的是什么？由文中“Andarecentpollfoundthat1/3oftheUKpublicisconcernedthatrobotstakeovertheirjobs.（最近的一項(xiàng)民意調(diào)查表明三分之一的英國民眾對機(jī)器人會取代他們的工作表示關(guān)注。）”，可知B選項(xiàng)“Robotswillrenderthemjobless.（機(jī)器人會使他們失業(yè)。）”符合原文。A選項(xiàng)“機(jī)器人會統(tǒng)治世界”；C選項(xiàng)“機(jī)器人在家會被過度使用”；D選項(xiàng)“機(jī)器人可以控制他們的生活”不符合原文。

22.Whatcanwelearnabouttherobotvacuumcleaner?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干為：關(guān)于機(jī)器人吸塵器，我們能了解到什么？由文中“Theywantedtouserobotstoperformhumanchoresatanaffordableprice.（他們想使用機(jī)器人以合理的價(jià)格承擔(dān)人們的家務(wù)）”，可知A選項(xiàng)“Itiswelldevelopedforhomeuse.（很好地在家庭中使用）”符合原文。B選項(xiàng)“它仍然有技術(shù)障礙要克服”；C選項(xiàng)“它可以在危險(xiǎn)的地方或情況下工作”；D選項(xiàng)“它在用激光設(shè)備建造方面有潛力”不符合原文。

23.WhatisthemajorreasonbehindthepopularityofthecleanerintheScandinavianmarket?

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干為：清潔器在斯堪的納維亞市場受歡迎的主要原因是什么？由文中“TheScandinavianmarkethasbeenveryinteresting.They’vedonealotofresearchintryingtomodernizetheirwealth,wheretheyhaveagrowingagingpopulation.Andtheyarelookingtodeployroboticvacuumcleanersinoldpeople'shomestoactuallydothecleaning.（斯堪的納維亞市場非常有趣。他們在使財(cái)富現(xiàn)代化方面做了很多研究，在這里老齡化人口較多。而且，他們希望運(yùn)用機(jī)器人真空吸塵器在老人家中幫他們從事實(shí)際的清潔打掃工作）”，可知在斯堪的納維亞地區(qū)吸塵器流行的一個(gè)原因是老齡化，所以C選項(xiàng)“Growingnumberofagedpeople.（增長的老年人口）”符合原文。A選項(xiàng)“勞動(dòng)成本上升”；B選項(xiàng)“財(cái)富的增長”；D選項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)代化的迫切需求”不符合原文。

24.HowdopeopleintheUKreacttotherobotvacuumcleaner?

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干為：英國人對機(jī)器人吸塵器有什么反應(yīng)？由文中“IntheUK,therehasbeenarelativelyslowadoptionofrobotsinthehome.Ithinkmaybeasaculture,we'reabitmoreskepticalonhowgoodcanthisrebelsreallyperform…（在英國，家庭對于機(jī)器人的接受還是相對較慢的。我想可能是因?yàn)槲幕脑?，我們對如何運(yùn)用好這一新事物持有一點(diǎn)懷疑態(tài)度……）”，可知C選項(xiàng)“懷疑”符合原文。A選項(xiàng)“樂觀”；B選項(xiàng)“漠不關(guān)心的”；D選項(xiàng)“氣氛”不符合原文。

25.Whatisimportanttothewideuseofrobotsinthefuture?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干為：什么對未來機(jī)器人的廣泛應(yīng)用是重要的？由文中“Italsodependsonpeople’swillingnesstoallowthesemachinesintoourdailylives.（這取決于人們是否愿意讓這些機(jī)器人進(jìn)入我們的日常生活）”，可知機(jī)器人在未來的使用在于B選項(xiàng)“People’sacceptance.（人們的接受度）”符合原文。A選項(xiàng)“人們的負(fù)擔(dān)能力”；C選項(xiàng)“技術(shù)進(jìn)步”；D選項(xiàng)“市場推廣”不符合原文。

22.單選題

10.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Themanisworkingtoohard.

B.Themanneedstothinkitover.

C.Themanissupposedtofindajob.

D.Themanhasmadearightdecision.

【答案】B

【解析】M:Takingalongview,I’mleavingthecompany.

W:Why?

M:Ioftenhavetooverworkwhichwilldoharmtomyhealth.

W:Butthejobmarketisverytight,youknow.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

【解析】推斷題。男士打算離職,女士說：Butthejobmarketisverytight(但是就業(yè)市場緊張)，由此推斷她是勸男士考慮清楚再做決定。

23.單選題

7.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Shedisagreeswiththeman.

B.Shecouldn’tagreewiththemanmore.

C.It'shardforthemtofulfilltheirplans.

D.It’simpossibletogetmoneyfromGatesFoundation.

【答案】B

【解析】M:ThismoneyfromtheGatesFoundationwillhelpuswithourplans.

W:Howcoulditnot?

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

【解析】態(tài)度方向題。女士回答：Howcoulditnot，即她非常同意男士說的。

24.單選題

7.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Two.

B.Three.

C.Four.

D.Five.

【答案】B

【解析】W:NowDaddyI’mwearingthisonyourchest.It’scalledstethocope.Itmightbealittlecold,I’llwarmitup.Feeltheend,OK?FirstofallI’lllistentoyourfrontandthenyourback.

M:Shehasgonethatalotoftimes.

Q:Howmanypeoplehavebeeninvolvedinthesituation?

【解析】推斷題。父親說：Shehasgonethatalotoftimes，由此推測，本段對話中除了父女倆還有第三人的存在。

25.單選題

15.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Tenyearsago.

B.Fiveyearsago.

C.Fifteenyearsago.

D.Severalweeksago.

【答案】A

【解析】M:Now,I’dliketoaskyouaboutanyillnessesyou’vehadinthepast.Couldyoutellmeaboutthis?

W:Letmethink...IhadmyappendixoutwhenIwas15.AndIhadachestinfectionwhenIwasonholidayintheUSA5yearsago.That’sall.

M:Couldyoutellmeifyou’vehadanyaccidentsorinjuredyourselfatanytime?

W:Wellyes,Islippedontheiceandbrokemyneck10yearsago.ActuallyIwasinhospitalthenforseveralweeks.I’dforgottenthat.

Q:Whendidthewomanhaveabonefracture?

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。女士說：Islippedontheiceandbrokemyneck10yearsago（10年前我在冰上滑倒摔了脖子），故選A。

26.單選題

26-30

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Eight-year-olds.

B.Twelve-year-olds.

C.Seventeen-year-olds.

D.Adults.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.TheuseoffMRI.

B.Theuseofcomputertasks.

C.Thethree-waydivisionofthesubjects.

D.Theinstructionsgiventothesubjects.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.12-year-oldsrespondstronglytonegativefeedback.

B.12-year-oldsfunctionthesameas8-year-olds.

C.8-year-oldsfunctionalmostthesameasadults.

D.12-year-oldsfunctionalmostthesameasadults.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Notbad.

B.Excellent.

C.Notsogood.

D.Gotitwrongthistime.30.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Scientists.

B.Thegeneralpublic.

C.Teachersatthekindergarten.

D.ChildrenwithAttentionDeficitDisorder

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】Eight-year-oldchildrenhavearadicallydifferentlearningstrategyfromtwelve-year-oldsandadults.(29)Eight-year-oldslearnprimarilyfrompositivefeedback,whereasnegativefeedbackscarcelycausesanyalarmbellstoring.(26)Twelve-year-oldsarebetterabletoprocessnegativefeedback,anduseittolearnfromtheirmistakes.Adultsdothesame,butmoreefficiently.DrEvelineCroneandhercolleaguesfromtheLeidenBrainandCognitionLabusedfMRIresearchtocomparethebrainsofthreedifferentagegroups:childrenofeighttonineyears,childrenofeleventotwelveyears,andadultsagedbetween18and25years.(27)Thisthree-waydivisionhadneverbeenmadebefore;thecomparisonisgenerallymadebetweenchildrenandadults.Croneherselfwassurprisedattheoutcome:(28)“Wehadexpectedthatthebrainsofeight-year-oldswouldfunctioninexactlythesamewayasthebrainsoftwelve-year-olds,butmaybenotquitesowell.Childrenlearnthewholetime,sothisnewknowledgecanhavemajorconsequencesforpeoplewantingtoteachchildren:howcanyoubestrelayinstructionstoeight-andtwelve-year-olds?”Theresearchersgavechildrenofbothagegroupsandadultsaged18to25acomputertaskwhiletheylayintheMRIscanner.Thetaskrequiredthemtodiscoverrules.Iftheydidthiscorrectly,atickappearedonthescreen,otherwiseacrossappeared.MRIscansshowedwhichpartsofthebrainwereactivated.ThesesurprisingresultssetCronethinking.“Youstarttothinklessintermsof‘good’and‘notsogood’.Childrenofeightmaywellbeabletolearnextremelydifferently,onlytheydoitinadifferentway.”

26.Accordingtothetalk,whichofthefollowinggroupscanbestlearnfromtheirmistakes?

【解析】根據(jù)錄音可知，與8歲左右的孩子比較起來，12歲的孩子能接受負(fù)面反饋并從錯(cuò)誤中學(xué)習(xí)，成年人也會如此，但更有效率(moreefficiently)。因此，本題選D。

27.WhatisnewaboutDr.Crone’sresearch?

【解析】短文中說：Thisthree-waydivisionhadneverbeenmadebefore，即這種三個(gè)層次的分界以前從未有過。因此本題正確答案為C。

28.WhathadDr.Croneandhercolleaguesexpected?

【解析】Crone博士和同事對結(jié)果也是大吃一驚，他們原本認(rèn)為(hadexpected)8歲孩子與12歲孩子的大腦工作方式會完全一致，結(jié)果卻不是。因此本題正確答案為B。.

29.Whichofthefollowingfeedbackcanbeststimulatetheeightyear-oldstolearn?

【解析】從錄音中可知，8歲的孩子在正面反饋的刺激下會做得更好。這也是他們與12歲孩子不一樣的地方。故本題答案為A。

30.Accordingtothetalk,whichgroupofpeoplewouldlearnandbenefitmost?

【解析】錄音中提到，thisnewknowledgecanhavemajorconsequencesforpeoplewantingtoteachchildren(這種新知識對想教孩子學(xué)習(xí)的人來講有重要的意義)。因此本題正確答案為C。

27.單選題

14.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.250Yuan.

B.450Yuan.

C.650Yuan.

D.850Yuan.

【答案】B

【解析】W:Goodmorning.Wouldyouliketheprivatehotspringroomtoday?Forthreepeople,itwouldbe250Yuanperhour.

M:Arethereanydiscounts?

W:Yes,Itis50Yuancheaperforeachadditionalhour.

M:Thenwe’llhavetwohours.

Q:Howmuchwillthemanpay?

【解析】對話指出私人溫泉是三個(gè)人每小時(shí)250元。有折扣，每增加一個(gè)小時(shí)優(yōu)惠50元，問題問的是兩個(gè)小時(shí)多少錢。

28.單選題

13.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Themanisaliar.

B.ThemanisjealousofLisa.

C.Shedoesnotagreewiththemanonthat.

D.Shewillsurelydothesa