2022年考研考博-考博英語-南開大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號(hào)44

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-南開大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Hetriedtocopewiththeever-increasingburdenofhiswork,butfinallyhe（）andhadtotakeacompleterest.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.brokeaway

B.brokeoff

C.brokeup

D.brokedown

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。breakaway“脫離,放棄,逃跑”;breakoff“突然停止;暫?！?breakup“打碎;結(jié)束”;breakdown“發(fā)生故障;毀掉”。句意:他試圖處理日益增加的工作負(fù)擔(dān)，但最后他，不得不徹底休息。根據(jù)“takeacompleterest”可推測(cè)，填空處應(yīng)該指他的身體垮掉了，只有選項(xiàng)D有此含義，所以正確。

2.單選題

Howeverimportantweregardschoollifetobe,thereisnogainsayingthefactthatchildrenspendmoretimeathomethanintheclassroom.Therefore,thegreatinfluenceofparentscannotbeignoredordiscountedbytheteacher.Theycanbecomestrongalliesoftheschoolpersonnelortheycanconsciouslyorunconsciouslyhinderandthwartcurricularobjectives.

Administratorshavebeenawareoftheneedtokeepparentsapprisedofthenewermethodsusedinschools.Manyprincipalshaveconductedworkshopsexplainingsuchmatterasthereadingreadinessprogram,manuscriptwritinganddevelopmentalmathematics.

Moreover,theclassroomteacher,withthepermissionofthesupervisors,canalsoplayanimportantroleinenlighteningparents.Theinformalteaandmanyinterviewscarriedonduringtheyear,aswellasnewwaysofreportingpupils’progress,cansignificantlyaidinachievingaharmoniousinterplaybetweenschoolandhome.

Toillustrate,supposethatafatherhasbeendrillingJuniorinarithmeticprocessesnightafternight.Inafriendlyinterview,theteachercanhelptheparentsublimatehisnaturalpaternalinterestintoproductivechannels.HemightbepersuadedtoletJuniorparticipateindiscussingthefamilybudget,buyingthefood,usingayardstickormeasuringcupathome,settingtheclock,calculatingmileageonatripandengaginginscoresofotheractivitiesthathaveamathematicalbasis.

Ifthefatherfollowstheadvice,itisreasonabletoassumethathewillsoonrealizehissonismakingsatisfactoryprogressinmathematics,andatthesametime,enjoyingthework.

Toooften,however,teachers’conferenceswithparentsaredevotedtopettyaccountsofchildren’smisdemeanors,complaintsaboutlazinessandpoorworkhabits,andsuggestionforpenaltiesandrewardsathome.

Whatisneededismorecreativeapproachinwhichtheteacher,asaprofessionaladviser,plantsideasinparents’mindsforthebestutilizationofthemanyhoursthatthechildspendsoutoftheclassroom.Inthisway,theschoolandthehomejoinforcesinfosteringthefullestdevelopmentofyoungsters’capacities.

1.Thecentralideaconveyedintheabovepassageisthat（）.

2.Itcanreasonablybeinferredthattheauthor（）.

3.Wemayinferthatthewriterofthisarticledoesnotfavor（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hometrainingismoreimportantthanschooltrainingbecauseachildspendssomanyhourswithhisparents

B.teacherscanandshouldhelpparentstounderstandandfurthertheobjectivesoftheschool

C.therearemanywaysinwhichthemathematicsprogramcanbeimplementedathome

D.parentsunwittinglyhavehinderedandthwartedcurricularobjectives

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.issatisfiedwithpresentrelationshipsbetweenhomeandschool

B.feelsthatthetraditionalprograminmathematicsisslightlysuperiortothedevelopmentalprogram

C.feelsthatparent-teacherinterviewscanbemademuchmoreconstructivethantheyareatpresent

D.isoftheopinionthatteachersofthisgenerationareinferiortothoseofthelastgeneration

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.afather’shelpinghissonwiththelatter’sstudies

B.writtencommunicationstotheparentfromtheteacher

C.havingtheparentsobservelessonswhichthechildrenarebeingtaught

D.principal-parentconferencesratherthanteacher-parentconferences

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，第一段提出父母對(duì)孩子的影響是不容忽視的，接下來的內(nèi)容主要是討論如何幫助家長(zhǎng)理解并且推進(jìn)學(xué)校目標(biāo)的關(guān)鍵——教師。所以選項(xiàng)B更能概括全文。

2.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容，作為一名專業(yè)顧問，教師最需要的是一種創(chuàng)造性的方法和家長(zhǎng)溝通，以便他們知道如何有效的利用孩子們的課外時(shí)間。由此可知，作者認(rèn)為教師和家長(zhǎng)之間的溝通可以更進(jìn)一步，更具有建設(shè)性意義。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

3.信息推斷題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知，老師在得到管理員允許的情況下也可以起到啟發(fā)家長(zhǎng)的重要作用，非正式的茶會(huì)和許多訪談，以及報(bào)告學(xué)生進(jìn)步的新方法，都可以顯著地幫助實(shí)現(xiàn)學(xué)校和家庭之間的和諧互動(dòng)。由此可知，作者支持的是老師來進(jìn)行面談會(huì)而不是校長(zhǎng)，所以選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

3.單選題

Cosmicraysofvariouskindscomethroughtheairfromouterspace,butenormousquantitiesofradiationfromthesunare（）off.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.avoided

B.excluded

C.separated

D.screened

【答案】D

【解析】近義詞詞義辨析。avoid“避免,躲避”;excluded“排除,驅(qū)逐”;separated“分開,隔開”;screen“篩,過濾,屏蔽”。句意:來自外太空的各種宇宙射線透過大氣層到達(dá)地球,但是太陽所發(fā)出的大量輻射都被過濾掉了。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

4.單選題

Asawayof（）themailswhiletheywereaway,theJohnsonsaskedthecleaningladytosendlittleprintedslipsaskingthesenderstowriteagainlater.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.pickingup

B.copingwith

C.passingout

D.gettingacross

【答案】B

【解析】詞組辨析。pickup撿起，獲得；copewith處理，應(yīng)付；passout昏倒，分發(fā)；getacross通過，使被理解。根據(jù)下文，讓清潔女工把打印好的小紙條寄出去讓寄件人稍后再寫。這是處理郵件的一種方式，所以選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

5.單選題

Inthelast12yearstotalemploymentintheUnitedStatesgrewfasterthanatanytimeinthepeacetimehistoryofanycountry—from82to110millionbetween1973and1985—thatis,byafullonethird.Theentiregrowth,however,wasinmanufacturing,andespeciallyinnon-blue-collarjobs.

Thistrendisthesameinalldevelopedcountries,andis,indeed,evenmorepronouncedinJapan.Itisthereforehighlyprobablethatin25yearsdevelopedcountriessuchastheUnitedStatesandJapanwillemploynolargeraproportionofthelaborforceinmanufacturingthandevelopedcountriesnowemployinfarming—atmost,10percent.TodaytheUnitedStatesemploysaround18millionpeopleinblue-collarjobsinmanufacturingindustries.By2010,thenumberislikelytobenomorethan12million.Insomemajorindustriesthedropwillbeevensharper.Itisquiteunrealistic,forinstance,toexpectthattheAmericanautomobileindustrywillemploymorethanone-thirdofitspresentblue-collarforce25yearshence,eventhoughproductionmightbe50percenthigher.

Ifacompany,anindustryoracountrydoesnotinthenextquartercenturysharplyincreasemanufacturingproductionandatthesametimesharplyreducetheblue-collarworkforce,itcannothopetoremaincompetitive—oreventoremain“developed.”Theattempttopreservesuchblue-collarjobsisactuallyaprescriptionforunemployment.

ThisisnotaconclusionthatAmericanpoliticians,laborleadersorindeedthegeneralpubliccaneasilyunderstandoraccept.WhatconfusestheissueevenmoreisthattheUnitedStalesisexperiencingseveralseparateanddifferentshiftsinthemanufacturingeconomy.Oneistheaccelerationofthesubstitutionofknowledgeandcapitalformanuallabor.Wherewespokeofmechanizationafewdecadesago,wenowspeakof“robotization”or“automation”.Thisisactuallymoreachangeinterminologythanachangeinreality.WhenHenryFordintroducedtheassemblylinein1909,hecutthenumberofman—hoursrequiredtoproduceamotorcarbysome80percentintwoorthreeyears—farmorethananyoneexpectstoresultfromeventhemostcompleterobotization.Butthereisnodoubtthatwearefacinganewsharpaccelerationinthereplacementofmanualworkersbymachines—thatis,bytheproductsofknowledge.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,theshrinkageinthemanufacturinglaborforcedemonstrates（）.

2.Americanpoliticiansandlaborlenderstendtodislike（）.

3.Accordingtotheauthor,inthecoming25years,adevelopedcountryorindustry,inordertoremaincompetitive,oughtto（）.

4.Thispassagemayhavebeenexcerptedfrom（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thedegreetowhichacountry'sproductionisrobotized

B.areductioninacountry’smanufacturingindustries

C.aworseningrelationshipbetweenlaborandmanagement

D.thedifferencebetweenadevelopedcountryandadevelopingcountry

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.confusioninmanufacturingeconomy

B.anincreaseinblue-collarworkforce

C.internalcompetitioninmanufacturingproduction

D.adropintheblue-collarjobopportunities

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.reducethepercentageoftheblue-collarworkforce

B.preserveblue-collarjobsforinternationalcompetition

C.acceleratemotor-canmanufacturinginHenryFord'sstyle

D.solvetheproblemofunemployment

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.amagazineaboutcapitalinvestment

B.anarticleonautomation

C.amotor-carmagazine

D.anarticleonglobaleconomy

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:D

【解析】1.信息推理題。根據(jù)第四段第三句“Oneistheacceleration...“robotization”or“automation”.”知識(shí)和資本開始加速替代體力勞動(dòng)。幾十年前我們談?wù)摍C(jī)械化，現(xiàn)在我們談?wù)摗皺C(jī)器人化”或“自動(dòng)化”。由此可以推斷，制造業(yè)勞動(dòng)力的變化說明了一個(gè)國(guó)家生產(chǎn)的自動(dòng)化程度。制造業(yè)勞動(dòng)力越少，自動(dòng)化程度越高，反之亦然。所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第四段第一句可知，美國(guó)政治家和勞動(dòng)力領(lǐng)袖不喜歡一種結(jié)論，即上一段提到的：如果一家公司、一個(gè)行業(yè)或一個(gè)國(guó)家在未來25年內(nèi)不大幅增加制造業(yè)產(chǎn)量，同時(shí)大幅削減藍(lán)領(lǐng)勞動(dòng)力，那么它就不可能保持競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力，甚至不可能保持“發(fā)達(dá)”。而這必然會(huì)導(dǎo)致失業(yè)，這是美國(guó)政治家和勞動(dòng)力領(lǐng)袖不希望看到的，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知，在未來25年內(nèi)，行業(yè)或者國(guó)家需要在保證制造業(yè)產(chǎn)量的同時(shí)削減藍(lán)領(lǐng)勞動(dòng)力。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

4.主旨推斷題。文章主要講的是隨著工業(yè)化的發(fā)展，機(jī)器也就是人類知識(shí)的產(chǎn)物將會(huì)取代勞動(dòng)力。所以文章最有可能是關(guān)于全球經(jīng)濟(jì)的，選項(xiàng)D正確。選項(xiàng)B太片面，文章不僅僅是講自動(dòng)化，勞動(dòng)力應(yīng)與經(jīng)濟(jì)相關(guān)，所以不選B。

6.單選題

Thenewcolleague（）tohaveworkedinseveralbigcorporationsbeforehejoinedourcompany.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.confirms

B.declares

C.confesses

D.claims

【答案】D

【解析】近義詞辨析。confirm確認(rèn)，證實(shí);declare宣布，聲明;選項(xiàng)A和B都是后接名詞短語或that從句;confess承認(rèn)，坦白，confess(to)doingsth.承認(rèn)做過某事;claim聲稱，斷言，后可接名詞短語、that從句,也可接不定式短語,不定式中的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在claim之前,則用不定式完成式。所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

7.單選題

Youshouldn’tgotoworktoday,itisrainingsohard.（）youstillhaveatemperature.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Therefore

B.Nevertheless

C.Moreover

D.Despite

【答案】C

【解析】邏輯關(guān)系。根據(jù)句意可知，前后構(gòu)成遞進(jìn)的關(guān)系，選項(xiàng)中只有Moreover表示遞進(jìn)，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

8.單選題

IrecentlyconductedasurveytoseewhatpeoplethoughtandknewaboutMartinLutherKing,Jr.IdidthisbybringingupthesubjectofMLKDayincasualconversationswithpeopleandgaugingtheirreaction.(Thesamplingwas23friends,colleagues,andstrangers;10Black,9White,3Hispanic,1Asian;4werebetweentheages42-35and19were34-20.)AllknewKingasthefamousblackcivilrightsleaderwhowaskilled,butfewknewmuchmore.Themajorityofpeopleunder30—regardlessofrace—knewlittlemore,infact.

HowisitthatJill(black,27,collegeeducated)didnotknowthatMLKwasaNobelPeacePrizerecipient?OrthatTim(white,31,collegeeducated)wascluelessaboutKing’snonviolentapproachtocivilrightsactivism?

Darlene(black,23)thoughtsheshouldhavethedayofftosleepin.ShehadnoideatheMLKdayisreallyaboutdoingsomethingtoinspireothers.

Whatisthepointofhavingadaytomarkthemanifwedonotunderstandthesignificanceofhislife?HowisitthatnotonlyoneofthegreatestAmericans,butoneofthemostinfluentialhumansinthehistoryofourplanetisnotbetterknowninthiscountry?HadKingbeenafootballplayeroramusician,hemayhaveregisteredbetterwiththepresentgeneration.

MartinLutherKing,Jr.wasmorethanjustaninspirationalblackleader.Hisdesireandabilitytoriseabovehisownfailingsandthoseoffellowhumansupliftedusall—boththosewhowerelivingatthetimeandthosewhohavecomeafter.Evenifwedonotknowit,ourworldisabetterplacebecauseofhislight.

Dr.King’slifewasextinguishedmorethan30yearsago,butnothislight.Itisstillhereforeachofustocarry,andtoilluminateevenbrighterwithourownuniquecreativityandcontributions.

MartinLutherKing,Jr.wasbornonJanuary15,1929inAtlanta,Georgia.AftergraduatingfromMorehouseCollegeandbecomingaminister,hemadehiswaytoMontgomery,Alabamain1954.Thiswasanimportantdecisionforitwasinthesamecitythat,onDecember1ofthefollowingyear,RosaParksrefusedtogiveupherbusseattoawhiteman.KingwaselectedpresidentoftheMontgomeryImprovementAssociationandledaboycottofMontgomerybusesthroughout1956,whichbroughthimnationalrecognition.

King’slegacyofnon-violentactivismwasinfluencedbytheteachingsofJesusandGandhi.KingreinforcedandexpandedhisBiblicalconvictionsduringavisittoIndiain1959,wherehestudiedGandhi’smethodsofnon-violentprotestsduringtheearly1960’s.

Agiftedorator,KingignitedtheworldandagenerationinthecauseforAmericancivilrightswithhis“IHaveaDream”speechonAug281963toacrowdof250000inWashington,D.C.

“Wemustforeverconductourstruggleonthehighplaneofdignityanddiscipline.Wemustnotallowourcreativeproteststodegenerateintophysicalviolence.Againandagainwemustrisetothemajesticheightsofmeetingphysicalforcewithsoulforce”...“Ihaveadreamthatonedaythisnationwillriseupandliveoutthetruemeaningofitscreed:Weholdthesetruthstobeself-evident:thatallmenarecreatedequal.”...“Whenweletfreedomring,whenweletitringfromeveryvillageandeveryhamlet,fromeverystateandeverycity,wewillbeabletospeedupthatdaywhenallofGod’schildren,blackmenandwhitemen,JewsandGentiles,ProtestantsandCatholics,willbeabletojoinhandsandsinginthewordsoftheoldNegrospiritual,‘Freeatlast!Freeatlast!ThankGodAlmighty,wearefreeatlast!’”

Dr.KingreceivedtheNobelPeacePrizeandwasnamedTimemagazine’s“PersonoftheYear”in1964.InhisNobelPrizeacceptancespeech,hesaid,“Non-violenceistheanswertothecrucialpoliticalandmoralquestionsofourtime:theneedformantoovercomeoppressionandviolencewithoutresortingtooppressionandviolence.Manmustevolveforallhumanconflictsamethodwhichrejectsrevenge,aggressionandretaliation.Thefoundationofsuchamethodislove.”

Kingwasoneofthemostextraordinaryhumanstoevergraceourplanet.Hewasamanwhomethateandhopelesswithloveandinspiration.Heusednon-violencetopointouttheobscenityofviolence.

MartinLutherKingwasgunneddownattheLorraineMotelinMemphisonApril4,1968.Somecallitirony.Ichoosetothinkofitashisfinallessontous.

1.ThePurposeoftheauthorinwritingthepassageisto（）.

2.“HadKingbeenafootballplayeroramusician,hemayhaveregisteredbetterwiththepresentgeneration.”(Para.4)canbebestinterpretedas“（）”.

3.AccordingtoDr.King,whatisthesolutiontomajorpoliticalandmoralproblems?

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutMartinLutherKing,Jr.istrue?

5.Theoveralltoneofthearticlecanbebestsummarizedas（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.condemntheterroristactionofMartinLutherKing,Jr.'sassassination

B.honorMartinLutherKing,Jr.sinceMLKDayisdrawingnear

C.criticizethepresentgenerationsfortheirignoranceofDr.King

D.highlightthesignificanceofthebeliefsandspiritofDr.King

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Kingisnotrememberedbythepresentgenerationasafootballplayeroramusician

B.ThepresentgenerationisignorantofKingwhogavehislifeforthepeoplesoftheworld

C.IfKinghadturnedtomusicorsportshewouldhavebeenmoresuccessful

D.ItismeaninglesstohaveadaytomarkKingsinceheisnotfamousenough

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Non-violence.

B.Armedstruggle.

C.Violentactivism.

D.BelievinginGod.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.HisNobelPrizeacceptancespeechwasthefamous“IHaveaDream”speech.

B.Hewasthefirstonewhoadoptedanon-violentapproachinpoliticalstruggle.

C.HehadafirmbeliefinGod,whichhelpedtoformhisnon-violentactivism.

D.Hewasnamed“PersonoftheYear”becauseofhis“IHaveaDream”speech.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.emotional

B.furious

C.indifferent

D.matter-of-fact

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容可知,本文提到馬丁?路德?金不僅僅是一位偉大的黑人領(lǐng)袖,更重要的是他的信念和精神一直鼓舞著人們。作者寫這篇文章的目的不是為了譴責(zé)刺殺馬丁?路德?金的恐怖主義和人們對(duì)他的無知，也不僅僅只是為了紀(jì)念他，最主要的還是強(qiáng)調(diào)其信念和精神的重要性，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

2.推理判斷題。這句話的意思是說“如果馬丁?路德?金是一位足球員或者音樂家,他可能會(huì)被現(xiàn)在的人所記住?！睗撛诘囊馑季褪钦f,馬丁?路德?金沒有被當(dāng)代人所記住,由第三段也可以看出，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段的第二句“Non-violenceistheanswertothecrucialpoliticalandmoralquestionsofourtime...”非暴力是我們這個(gè)時(shí)代解決政治和道德問題的關(guān)鍵。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

4.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。本題可采用排除法?！拔矣幸粋€(gè)夢(mèng)想”不是馬丁?路德?金獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)發(fā)表的演講，而是在引導(dǎo)美國(guó)民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)發(fā)表的，所以選項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)誤；馬丁?路德?金的非暴力行動(dòng)主義是受耶穌和甘地教義的影響,由此可知他不是第一人,所以選項(xiàng)B錯(cuò)誤,選項(xiàng)C表述正確;馬丁?路德?金被評(píng)為“年度人物”不是由于他的演講，而是因?yàn)樗麨槿祟惖暮推胶桶l(fā)展做出的杰出貢獻(xiàn),所以選項(xiàng)D也不正確。只有選項(xiàng)C正確。

5.態(tài)度判斷題。結(jié)合全文可知，作者只是客觀的陳述事實(shí)，沒有摻雜個(gè)人情感色彩。所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

9.單選題

Theliberalartseducationasksthatweconfrontourunexaminedworldviewwithhistoricalunderstanding,newtheoriesandintercultural（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.prospects

B.perspectives

C.aspects

D.respects

【答案】B

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。prospect“前景;期望”;perspective“觀點(diǎn)，遠(yuǎn)景”;aspect“方面，形勢(shì)”;respect“尊敬,尊重”。句意:文科教育要求我們用歷史理解、新理論和跨文化視角來看待我們未經(jīng)檢驗(yàn)的世界觀。

根據(jù)句意可知，填空處是表示看待未經(jīng)檢驗(yàn)的世界觀的方式和角度，perspectives和aspects都有“角度”的意思。但perspective強(qiáng)調(diào)主體,指人觀察或思考的角度;而aspect強(qiáng)調(diào)客體,指事物的某個(gè)方面。句中強(qiáng)調(diào)的是我們看待世界的跨文化角度，所以選項(xiàng)B更符合語境。

10.單選題

Researchershavefoundthatmigratinganimalsuseavarietyofinnercompassestohelpthemnavigate.Somedirectthemselvesbythepositionofthesun.Othersnavigatebythestars.Someusethesunastheirguideduringtheday,andthenswitchtnstarnavigationbynight.OnestudyshowsthatthehomingpigeonusestheEarth'smagneticfieldsasaguideinfindingitswayhome,andthereareindicationsthatvariousotheranimals,frominsectstomollusks,canalsomakeuseofmagneticcompasses.Itisofcourseveryusefulforamigratingbirdtobeabletoswitchtoamagneticcompasswhencloudscoverthesun;otherwiseitwouldjusthavetolandandwaitforthesuntocomeoutagain.

Evenwiththesunorstarstoguideby,theproblemsofnavigationaremorecomplicatedthantheymightseematfirst.Forexample,aworkerhoneybeethathasfoundarichsourceofnectarandpollenfliesrapidlyhometoreport.Ascientisthasdiscoveredthatthebeesentouttolookforfooddeliversherreportthroughacomplicateddancetotheotherworkersnotonlyhowfarawaythefoodis,butalsowhatdirectiontoflyinrelationtothesun.Butthesundoesnotstayinoneplaceallday.Astheworkersstartouttogatherthetoed,thesunmayalreadyhavechangeditspositionintheskysomewhat.Inlatertripsduringtheday,thesunwillseemtomovefartherandfarthertowardthewest.Yettheworkerbeeseemtohavenotroubleatallinfindingthefoodsource.Theirinnerclockstellthemjustwherethesunwillbe,andtheychangetheircoursecorrespondingly.

1.TheauthormentionsallthefollowingnaturalphenomenathathelpanimalsnavigateEXCEPT（）.

2.Whatmakesitnecessaryforabirdtorelyonamagneticcompasswhennavigating?

3.Accordingtothepassagewhatinformationdoesthedanceofthescoutbeecommunicatetotheotherworkerbees?

4.Whatenablesthebeestoflybythesuneventhoughthesun’spositionisnotfixed?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thesun

B.thestars

C.magneticfields

D.winddirection

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Thepossibilityofbadweather

B.Theconstantmotionofthesun.

C.Itspatternsofmigration.

D.Itsneedtoconstantlychangehomes.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thetimeoftheday.

B.Whattheweatherislike.

C.Howfarawaythefoodis.

D.Whichflowersthescouthasfound.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theyareequippedwithbiologicaltimeclocks.

B.Theyflyinformationbehindthescoutbee.

C.Theyhaveexcellenteyesight.

D.Theyhavelongmemories.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

【解析】1.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段前半部分的內(nèi)容可知，選項(xiàng)A，B，C均有提及，只有選項(xiàng)D沒有提及。

2.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Itisofcourseveryuseful...thesuntocomeoutagain.”當(dāng)云層遮住太陽時(shí)，候鳥利用磁場(chǎng)辨別方向是非常有用的；否則它就只能著陸，等待太陽再次出來。也就是說，當(dāng)天氣不好的時(shí)候，鳥就必須依靠磁場(chǎng)來飛行了。所以選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段的第三句“thebeesentout...flyinrelationtothesun.”被派去尋找食物的蜜蜂通過復(fù)雜的舞蹈向其他工蜂傳遞信息，不僅告訴它們食物有多遠(yuǎn)，還告訴它們食物和太陽的相對(duì)位置。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

4.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Theirinnerclockstellthemjustwherethesunwillbe,andtheychangetheircoursecorrespondingly.”它們的生物鐘告訴它們太陽將在哪里，它們也相應(yīng)地改變了方向。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

11.單選題

Asregardstothedevelopmentofmoralstandardsinthegrowingchild,（）isveryimportantinparentalteaching.Toforbidathingonedayandexcuseitthenextisnofoundationformorality.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.persistence

B.regularity

C.consistency

D.conformity

【答案】C

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。persistence持續(xù)，固執(zhí)；regularity規(guī)則性，整齊；consistency一致性；conformity一致，符合。句意：關(guān)于成長(zhǎng)中的孩子道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的發(fā)展，一致性在父母的教學(xué)中是非常重要的。今天禁止一件事，明天又原諒它，這不是道德的基礎(chǔ)。強(qiáng)調(diào)一致的性質(zhì)，所以選項(xiàng)C更恰當(dāng)

12.單選題

Theyhadplannedtogooutingthisweekend,buttheyfinallyhadto（）itbecauseoftherainyweather.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.cancel

B.eliminate

C.delay

D.prolong

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。cancel“取消,撤銷”;eliminate“消除,排除”;delay“延期,耽擱”;prolong“延長(zhǎng),拖延”。句意:他們?cè)?jì)劃這個(gè)周末去郊游,但由于下雨,最后不得不取消了。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

13.單選題

Recentlythenewspapershavereportedseveral（）ontheboundariesofIsraelandJordan.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.accidents

B.incidents

C.events

D.happenings

【答案】B

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。accidents“意外事故,交通事故”；incidents“事件，事變”；events“大事件，項(xiàng)目”；happenings“意外發(fā)生的事”。句意：最近，報(bào)紙報(bào)道了幾起發(fā)生在以色列和約旦邊境上的事件。首先可排除選項(xiàng)A和D；選項(xiàng)B含有“事變”的意思，更符合語境，所以正確。

14.單選題

Thediscoveryofnewoil-fieldsinvariouspartsofthecountryfilledthegovernmentwith（）hope.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.eternal

B.everlasting

C.ceaseless

D.infinite

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。句意:全國(guó)各地新油田的發(fā)現(xiàn)使政府充滿了無限的希望。eternal“永恒的,不朽的”;everlasting“永恒的,接連不斷的”;ceaseless“不間斷的;無休止的”;infinite“無限的;極大的”。選項(xiàng)D更符合語境。

15.單選題

Thefailureofelectricityputallthecomputersintheregionoutof（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.work

B.tune

C.gearing

D.action

【答案】D

【解析】固定搭配。outofwork失業(yè)；outoftune不協(xié)調(diào)；outofgearing沒有這種搭配；outofaction損壞，不運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。句意：電力故障使該地區(qū)所有的計(jì)算機(jī)無法工作。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

16.單選題

Asasalesman,heworksona(n)（）basis,taking10%ofeverythinghesells.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.income

B.commission

C.salary

D.pension

【答案】B

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)下半句句意：從他銷售的每件商品中抽取10%。由此推斷，填空處應(yīng)該指?jìng)蚪?，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。pension指退休金，撫恤金。

17.寫作題

Youaretowriteacompositionofnolessthan250wordswiththetitle:MyViewonTerroristActivitiesinSomeCountries.DoyourcompositionneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】MyViewonTerroristActivitiesinSomeCountries18.單選題

Henrylookedverymuch（）whenhewascaughtcheatinginthebiologyexam.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.discouraged

B.embarrassed

C.disappointed

D.bewildered

【答案】B

【解析】詞義辨析。discouraged“氣餒的”;embarrassed“尷尬的”;disappointed“失望的,沮喪的”,bewildered“困惑的”。句意:當(dāng)Henry在生物考試中因?yàn)樽鞅妆蛔r(shí),他顯得非常尷尬。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

19.單選題

Donationsareneededto（）ourchild-careprograms.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.implement

B.validate

C.strengthen

D.approve

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。implement實(shí)施，實(shí)現(xiàn)；validate證實(shí)，確認(rèn)；strengthen加強(qiáng)，鞏固；approve批準(zhǔn)，贊成。句意：實(shí)施我們的托兒所項(xiàng)目需要捐款。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

20.單選題

Theconsolidationofthecrumblingwallsandtowershasbeencarriedoutin（）withaprogramagreedwithbytheDepartmentoftheEnvironment.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.case

B.accordance

C.place

D.charge

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配。inaccordancewith為固定搭配，表示“依照，與...一致”。

21.單選題

Youmustletmehavetheannualreportwithout（）byteno’clocktomorrowmorning.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.failure

B.hesitation

C.trouble

D.fail

【答案】D

【解析】固定搭配。withoutfail為固定搭配,表示“必定,務(wù)必”。句意為:你必須在明天早上十點(diǎn)之前把年度報(bào)告交給我。所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

22.單選題

Thedoctortoldmethemedicinecan（）myheadachewithoutdoingmeanyharm.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.heal

B.improve

C.cure

D..treat

【答案】C

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。句意：醫(yī)生告訴我這種藥可以治愈我的頭痛而不傷害我。選項(xiàng)A，C，D均表示治療。heal多指創(chuàng)傷，外傷愈合；cure多指病后恢復(fù)健康；treat多指對(duì)傷口或者病情進(jìn)行診斷，強(qiáng)調(diào)過程。所以選項(xiàng)C符合語境。

23.寫作題

Nowadays,advertisementscanbefoundeverywhereinabigcitysuchasShanghai.Theyshoutatusfromthetelevisionscreenandradioloudspeakers,wavetousfromeverypageofthenewspaper,signaltousfromtheroadsidebillboardsalldayandflashmessagestousincoloredlightsallnight.Whatdoyouthinkofthefloodofadvertisingmakeanycontributiontooursociety?

ForthispartyouaretowriteacompositiononthetopicIfThereWereNoAdvertisements.Youshouldillustrateyourviewpointsonadvertisementinnolessthan200words.

【答案】

24.單選題

Thedoctorsareverymuchworriedaboutthe（）ofthepatient’sconditionafteroperation.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.disposition

B.deliberation

C.deterioration

D.diversion

【答案】C

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。disposition“處置,性情”;deliberation“審議,考慮”;deterioration“惡化,退化”;diversion“消遣,轉(zhuǎn)移注意力”。句意:醫(yī)生非常擔(dān)心病人手術(shù)后情況會(huì)惡化。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

25.單選題

AtWembley,thehomeoffootball,countlessthousandsofpeoplespendSundaymorningamongstthe（）sellingeverythingfromshoestomodeltrains.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.stalls

B.statures

C.stalks

D.statutes

【答案】A

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。stalls貨攤；statures身高，身材；stalks莖稈；statutes法令。句意：成千上萬的人整個(gè)星期天上午都流連于出售從鞋子到模型火車等各種商品的小攤位。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

26.單選題

Thereare（）differencesbetweentheoryandpractice.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.legible

B.radical

C.medieval

D.laden

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。legible“清晰的,易辨認(rèn)的”;radical“激進(jìn)的,根本的,徹底的”;medieval“中世紀(jì)的,老式的,原始的”;laden“負(fù)載的,裝滿的”。句意:理論和實(shí)踐之間有著根本的區(qū)別。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

27.單選題

Povertyisnot（）inmostcitiesalthough,perhapsbecauseofthecrowdedconditionsincertainareas,itismorevisiblethere.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.rare

B.temporary

C.prevalent

D.segmental

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。prevalent普遍的，流行的；segmental部分的，分段的。句意：盡管貧困在大多數(shù)城市并不普遍，或許是由于某些地區(qū)很擁擠，貧困才更為明顯。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

28.單選題

Theyadvisedtheirclientsto（）withanothercompany.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.merge

B.engage

C.emerge

D.submerge

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。mergewith合并，與...聯(lián)合；engagewith交戰(zhàn)，與...接洽；emerge浮現(xiàn)，暴露；submerge淹沒。句意：他們建議客戶與另一家公司合作。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

29.單選題

Makingprivatephonecallsontheofficephoneisseverely（）oninourcountry.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.criticized

B.regarded

C.objected

D.frowned

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在我國(guó)，用辦公室電話打私人電話會(huì)受到嚴(yán)厲的批評(píng)。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。frowned皺眉，不滿。

30.單選題

Anyonewhotrainsanimalsrecognizesthathumanandanimalperceptualcapacitiesaredifferent.Formosthumans,seeingisbelieving,althoughwedooccasionallybroodaboutwhetherwecanbelieveoureyes.Theothersensesarelargelyancillary;mostofusdonotknowhowwemightgoabouteitherdoubtingorbelievingournoses.Butfordogs,scentingisbelieving.Adog’snoseistooursasthewrinkledsurfaceofourcomplexbrainistothesurfaceofanegg.Adogwhodidcomparativepsychologymighteasilyworryaboutourconsciousnessorlackthereof,justasweworryabouttheconsciousnessofasquid.

Wewhotakesightforgrantedcandrawpicturesofscent,butwehavenolanguagefordoingittheotherwayabout,nowaytorepresentsomethingvisuallyfamiliarbymeansofactualscent.Mosthumanscannotknow,withtheirlimitednoses,whattheycanimagineaboutbeingdeaf,blind,mute,orparalyzed.Thesightedcan,forexample,speakofablindpersonas“inthedarkness,”butthereisnocorollaryexpressionforwhatitisthatweareinrelationshiptoscent.Ifwetriedtocoinwords,wemightcomeupwithsomethinglike“scent-blind.”Butwhatwoulditmean?Itcouldn’thavethesortofmeaningthat“color-blind”and“tone-deaf”do,becausemostofushaveexperiencedwhat“tone”and“color”meaninthoseexpressions,butwedon’tknowwhat“scent”meansintheexpression“scent-blind.”Scentformanyofuscanbeonlyatheoretical,technicalexpressionthatweusebecauseourgrammarrequiresthatwehaveanountogointhesentenceswearepromptedtoutteraboutanimals,tracking.Wedon’thaveasenseofscent.Whatwedohaveisasenseofsmell—forThanksgivingdinnerandskunksandanumberofthingswecallchemicals.

SoifFidoandIaresittingontheterrace,admiringtheview,weinhabitworldswithradicallydifferentprinciplesofphenomen