2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-浙江工商大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號(hào)15

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-浙江工商大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Cultural（

）indicatesthathumanbeingshandtheirlanguagesdownfromonegenerationtoanother.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.translation

B.transition

C.transmission

D.transaction

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】名詞辨析題。本題考查詞義和詞形相近的單詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)translation“翻譯”，B選項(xiàng)transition“過(guò)渡、轉(zhuǎn)變”；C選項(xiàng)transmission“傳遞、傳播”；D選項(xiàng)transaction“交易、事務(wù)”。根據(jù)題干that引導(dǎo)的從句的意思“人類將自己的語(yǔ)言一代一代傳遞下去?！笨芍崭癫糠謫卧~意思為“傳播”，句意為：文化傳播表明人類將自己的語(yǔ)言一代一代傳遞下去。因此正確答案選C。

2.單選題

Veryfewpeoplecouldunderstandthelecturetheprofessordeliveredbecauseitssubjectwasvery

（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.obscure

B.indefinite

C.dubious

D.intriguing

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)obscure“昏暗的，朦朧的，不清楚的”；B選項(xiàng)indefinite“無(wú)限的，不確定的”；C選項(xiàng)dubious“可疑的，曖昧的”；D選項(xiàng)intriguing“用詭計(jì)取得，激起……的興趣”。根據(jù)空格前面句子的主語(yǔ)“itssubjects它的主題”可知空格部分單詞意思可能為“不清晰”，句意為：很少有人理解這位教授的演講，因?yàn)檠葜v主題非常不清晰。故正確答案選A。

3.單選題

Thetaxi-driver（

）aboutourluggageandseemedtobeinathoroughlybadtemper.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.grieved

B.groaned

C.grumbled

D.growled

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)grieve“使悲傷，使苦惱”；B選項(xiàng)groan“呻吟；抱怨”；C選項(xiàng)grumble“抱怨，嘟囔”；D選項(xiàng)growl“咆哮”。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空格部分是和后面seem并列的謂語(yǔ)部分，根據(jù)“seemedtobeinathoroughlybadtemper看起來(lái)脾氣很壞”可知空格部分單詞意思為“對(duì)……嘟囔”，句意為：的士司機(jī)抱怨我們的行李，看起來(lái)脾氣非常壞。答案C與之意思接近。

4.翻譯題

Currently,Chinaisinthemidstofachallengingtransition.Arapidlyagingpopulation,increasingdebt,anddecliningreturnsonfixedassetinvestmentplacenewburdensontheeconomy.Becauseofaging,thelaborforceisexpectedtopeakthisyearandbeginalongdeclinethatcouldreduceitssizeby16percentby2050.By2030,China’sdependencyratio—thepercentageofthepopulationthatisnotinthelaborforce(mostlytheelderlyandchildren)—willreach47percent.Thisisfarsooner,intermsofGDPpercapita,thanincountriessuchasJapanortheUnitedStates.

【答案】

目前，中國(guó)正處于一個(gè)具有挑戰(zhàn)性的轉(zhuǎn)型階段。人口老齡化的迅速增長(zhǎng)、不斷增加的債務(wù)以及固定資產(chǎn)投資回報(bào)率的下降給經(jīng)濟(jì)帶來(lái)了新的負(fù)擔(dān)。由于人口老齡化，中國(guó)的勞動(dòng)力總量預(yù)期今年達(dá)到最高峰，然后開(kāi)始一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期的減少，而到2050年中國(guó)的勞動(dòng)力規(guī)?？赡軠p少16%。到2030年，中國(guó)的撫養(yǎng)比率——即不屬于勞動(dòng)力的人口百分比（主要是老年人和兒童）將達(dá)到47%。而中國(guó)人均國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值的減少會(huì)比日本或美國(guó)等國(guó)家出現(xiàn)得早很多。

5.單選題

Aftersomanyweekswithoutrain,thegroundquickly（

）thelittlerainthatfelllastnight.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.skipped

B.soaked

C.retrieved

D.absorbed

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)skip“跳躍、遺漏”；B選項(xiàng)soak“浸濕”；C選項(xiàng)retrieve“檢索、恢復(fù)”；D選項(xiàng)absorb“吸收、承受”，由題干可推測(cè)地面快速“吸收”雨水，句意為：這么多星期沒(méi)有下雨，地面很快吸收了昨晚的少量雨水。故正確答案選D。

6.單選題

HecameallthewaytoChinaforpromotingfriendship（

）formakingmoney.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.otherthan

B.betterthan

C.morethan

D.ratherthan

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查詞組搭配。A選項(xiàng)otherthan“除了，不同于”；B選項(xiàng)betterthan“比……更好”；C選項(xiàng)morethan“比……多”；D選項(xiàng)ratherthan“而不是，寧可”。空格部分要填入一個(gè)短語(yǔ)連接前后短語(yǔ)形成對(duì)比，前面的意思是“forpromotingfriendship為了增進(jìn)友誼”和后面“formakingmoney為了賺錢”表示不同的目的，句意為：他一路跋涉來(lái)到中國(guó)是為了友誼而不是賺錢。故這里選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

7.單選題

（

）muchhasbeenknownaboutmammarycancer,theprecisewaytocureofitstillremainslargelyintherealmoftesting.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.While

B.Since

C.Because

D.When

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。while在這里的意思為“盡管”；since“因?yàn)椋挥捎?，既然”，because“因?yàn)椤?；when“當(dāng)……”。根據(jù)句子意思推斷選項(xiàng)A最符合題意。句意為：盡管我們對(duì)于乳腺癌了解很多，但是關(guān)于治療的最精準(zhǔn)的方法仍處于測(cè)試階段。

8.單選題

I’msureheisuptothejob（

）hewouldgivehismindtoit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ifonly

B.until

C.incase

D.unless

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。A選項(xiàng)ifonly“如果”；B選項(xiàng)until“直到……才”；C選項(xiàng)incase“萬(wàn)一”；D選項(xiàng)unless“除非”。根據(jù)從句意思“只要他用心，他是能勝任這份工作的”，可知空格部分表示意思是“假如，如果”，句意為：我相信只要他用心，他是能勝任這份工作的。故正確答案選A。

9.單選題

Hewasconstraininghismindnotto（

）fromthelecture.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.wonder

B.wander

C.cruise

D.travel

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)wonder“想知道；驚訝”；B選項(xiàng)wander“不集中，走神”；C選項(xiàng)cruise“巡航，巡游；漫游”；D選項(xiàng)travel“旅行”。填入一個(gè)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成不定式做賓補(bǔ)說(shuō)明hismind“他的思想”，由此可知wander“（因厭倦或焦慮而注意力）不集中，走神”符合題意，句意為：他在限制他的思想不要在課堂上分心。故答案選B。

10.翻譯題

在全球經(jīng)濟(jì)放緩的情況下，為何大宗商品價(jià)格卻在飆升呢？流行的解釋似乎是“投機(jī)”。但是，由于投機(jī)是無(wú)時(shí)不在的，這無(wú)法解釋為什么現(xiàn)在價(jià)格猛漲。另一個(gè)流行的解釋是美國(guó)大幅放寬貨幣政策。但這很難解釋這樣一個(gè)事實(shí)：按照歐元計(jì)算，油價(jià)也在快速上漲。同時(shí)，投機(jī)也無(wú)法解釋那些沒(méi)有活躍期貨市場(chǎng)的大宗商品價(jià)格的上漲。

(參考詞匯：commodityprices;soar;speculation;ease;monetarypolicy;euro;futuresmarket)

【答案】

Whyarecommoditypricessoaringwhenworldeconomyisslowing?Thepopularexplanationseemstobe“speculation”.But,sincespeculationisalwayswithus,thiscannotexplainwhypricesaresoaringnow?AnotherpopularexplanationistheaggressiveeasingofUSmonetarypolicy.But,thishardlyexplainsthefactthatthepriceofoilisrisingrapidlyevenineuros.Nordoesspeculationexplaintheriseinthepricesofthesecommoditiesthatdonothaveactivefuturesmarkets.

11.單選題

Tosurviveintheintensemarketcompetition,wemust（

）thequalitiesandvarietiesofproductswemaketotheworld-marketdemand.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.improve

B.gear

C.guarantee

D.enhance

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)improve“提高，改善”；B選項(xiàng)gear“適合；配合”；C選項(xiàng)guarantee“保證，擔(dān)?！保籇選項(xiàng)enhance“加強(qiáng)，提高”。gearto有“使……適合，配合”的意思。根據(jù)句子空格前后分析，這里需要填入一個(gè)動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)題干前面的句意是“tosurviveintheintensemarketcompetition要在激烈的市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中求生存”，結(jié)合后面的關(guān)鍵詞“qualitiesandvarietiesofproducts商品的質(zhì)量和數(shù)量”，可知B選項(xiàng)“適合，配合”符合語(yǔ)境，句意：為了在激烈的市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中生存下來(lái)，我們必須調(diào)整產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量及品種以適應(yīng)國(guó)際市場(chǎng)的需求。選項(xiàng)B正確。

12.單選題

Theearningsofwomenarewellbelowthatofmen（

）educationaldifferencesthatarediminishingbetweenthetwosexes.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.although

B.though

C.despiteof

D.inspiteof

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查副詞辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都有“雖然，盡管”的意思。選項(xiàng)C的結(jié)構(gòu)一般很少使用。Although和though都可以引導(dǎo)句子，不過(guò)although只能置于句首。這里空格后面是一個(gè)名詞短語(yǔ)educationaldifferences跟一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。所以只能填入選項(xiàng)D介詞短語(yǔ)，后面接名詞。句意為：女性的收入遠(yuǎn)在男性之下，盡管兩性在教育方面的差距正在消除。

13.單選題

Notuntiltheyclimbedtothetopofthehill（

）whattheyhadbeentold.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thattheybelieved

B.didtheybelieve

C.whentheybelieved

D.thentheybelieved

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。這里考查的是部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。notuntil位于句首時(shí)，句子要倒裝。notuntil+從句，助動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞原形+剩余成分；空格部分所在的句子中，需要將did助動(dòng)詞提前，句意為：直到他們爬上山頂，他們才相信別人所說(shuō)的。故正確答案選B。

14.單選題

Itisonlywhenyounearlylosesomeone（

）fullyconsciousofhowmuchyouvaluehim.?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.doyoubecome

B.thenyoubecome

C.thatyoubecome

D.haveyoubecome

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。本題結(jié)構(gòu)為“Itis+強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+(that)其余部分…”強(qiáng)調(diào)句，這里強(qiáng)調(diào)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)onlywhenyounearlylosesomeone，剩余的部分是主句，結(jié)構(gòu)不需要倒裝。句意為：只有當(dāng)你差點(diǎn)失去某個(gè)人，你才能充分認(rèn)識(shí)到你是多么地在乎他。故選項(xiàng)C正確。

15.單選題

Little（

）howhappyIhadbeen.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.shehadrealized

B.didsherealize

C.sherealized

D.hassherealized

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。當(dāng)否定詞little位于句首時(shí)后面的句子要進(jìn)行主謂倒裝，且由句中關(guān)鍵詞“hadbeen（過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)）”的對(duì)應(yīng)知這里應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，故B項(xiàng)“didherealize”正確。

16.單選題

Lifeisacandle（

）toburnevenbrighter.?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.beingmeant

B.meaning

C.tomean

D.meant

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。根據(jù)句中關(guān)鍵詞“burnevenbrighter越燃越亮”的對(duì)應(yīng)知這里指代“人們希望蠟燭（或蠟燭應(yīng)該）越燃越亮”；再由“mean”一詞在表示“主觀希望”時(shí)一般用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)知D項(xiàng)“meant（其完整形式應(yīng)該為whichismeant）”正確。故正確答案選D。

17.單選題

Althoughthetwoplayersare（

）inthetenniscourt,theyarereallygoodfriends.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.partners

B.rivals

C.enemies

D.companions

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】名詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)partner“同伴、合伙人”；B選項(xiàng)rival“對(duì)手、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者”；C選項(xiàng)enemy“敵人”；D選項(xiàng)companion“同伴、伙伴”，空格所在的句子為讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，句子意思為“盡管兩位選手在網(wǎng)球場(chǎng)上是對(duì)手”，可知空格部分單詞意思為“對(duì)手”，和主句中的“goodfriends好朋友”是正反義詞關(guān)系，句意為：盡管兩位選手在網(wǎng)球場(chǎng)上是對(duì)手，但是她們是很好的朋友。故正確答案選B。

18.單選題

Grain（

）aretoguaranteetheconsumptionofnonagriculturalpopulationandtocopewithseriousnaturaldisasters.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.savings

B.storages

C.stocks

D.reserves

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)savings“積蓄；節(jié)省物”；B選項(xiàng)storage“貯存”是不可數(shù)名詞；C選項(xiàng)stocks“存貨；股份”；D選項(xiàng)reserves“儲(chǔ)備”。填一個(gè)名詞做主語(yǔ)，Grain做其定語(yǔ)，由不定式的內(nèi)容可知reserves“儲(chǔ)備”符合題意，句意為：糧食儲(chǔ)備是用來(lái)保證非農(nóng)業(yè)人口消費(fèi)和應(yīng)對(duì)嚴(yán)重自然災(zāi)害的。故答案選D。

19.單選題

Only5minutesafterittookoff,theaircraftdownto（

）earthforthedamagedengine.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.fluctuated

B.vibrated

C.plummeted

D.mutated

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)fluctuate“波動(dòng)，動(dòng)搖”；B選項(xiàng)vibrate“振動(dòng)；顫動(dòng)；搖擺”；C選項(xiàng)plummet“墜落，掉下”；D選項(xiàng)mutate“突變”。填入動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式做謂語(yǔ)，其主語(yǔ)是theaircraft，由關(guān)鍵信息thedamagedengine“損壞的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)”可知plummet“墜落，掉下”符合題意，句意為：因?yàn)榘l(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)損壞，飛機(jī)起飛后5分鐘就降落到地面上。故答案選C。

20.翻譯題

Thebigadvantagesofthespreadofprosperityincludeawiderdistributionofinnovationandbiggeropportunitiesforprofitableexchange.TheriseoftheUSbroughtsuchbenefitstotheUK.Alsovaluable(thoughnotcertain)isgreaterpoliticalstabilityinpreviouslyimpoverishedcountries.Thebigdisadvantageisgreatercompetitionforscarceresources.Powerisascarceresource:ifcountryAhasmore,countryBhasless.Resourcesarealsolimited.

【答案】

繁榮傳播開(kāi)來(lái)的幾大好處包括：創(chuàng)新的傳播范圍會(huì)擴(kuò)大，以及進(jìn)行有利可圖的交流的機(jī)會(huì)增多。美國(guó)的崛起就曾為英國(guó)帶來(lái)此類益處。此外，同樣有價(jià)值的（雖然并不確定）是以往的窮國(guó)在政治上會(huì)更加穩(wěn)定。最大的劣勢(shì)是對(duì)稀缺資源的激烈競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。能源是一種缺席資源：如果A國(guó)的資源增多，那B國(guó)的能源就會(huì)減少。資源也是有限的。

21.單選題

Asahigh-levelexecutive（

）agroupofmanagers,youmayfindtheseguidelineshelpful.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.talking

B.speaking

C.addressing

D.discussing

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)talk“說(shuō)，談話”；B選項(xiàng)speak“講話，發(fā)言”；C選項(xiàng)address“演講，致詞”；D選項(xiàng)discuss“討論”，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)意思相近，但是talk強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作雙方溝通，speak側(cè)重單方的講話，address指在某活動(dòng)或者工作中的發(fā)言，句意為：當(dāng)你作為高管向一群經(jīng)理演講時(shí)，你可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)這些指導(dǎo)方針很有幫助。故選項(xiàng)C更符合題意。

22.單選題

In（

）oftheoldergirls,eventheten-year-oldshavestartedwearinglipstickandmake-up.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.adoption

B.admiration

C.application

D.imitation

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】名詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)adoption“采用、收養(yǎng)”；B選項(xiàng)admiration“欽佩、贊賞”；C選項(xiàng)application“應(yīng)用、申請(qǐng)”；D選項(xiàng)imitation“模仿、仿造”。inimitationof固定短語(yǔ)的意思是“模仿”，句意為：即使10歲大的女孩子也開(kāi)始模仿年齡大點(diǎn)的女孩涂唇膏和化妝。故正確答案選D。

23.單選題

Historianshaveonlyrecentlybeguntonotetheincreaseindemandforluxurygoodsandservicesthattookplaceineighteenth-centuryEngland.McKendrickhasexploredtheWedgwoodfirm’sremarkablesuccessinmarketingluxurypottery.Plumbhaswrittenabouttheproliferationofprovincialtheaters,musicalfestivals,andchildren’stoysandbooks.Whilethefactofthisconsumerrevolutionishardlyindoubt,threekeyquestionsremain:Whoweretheconsumers?Whatweretheirmotives?Andwhatweretheeffectsofthenewdemandforluxuries?

Ananswertothefirstofthesehasbeendifficulttoobtain.Althoughithasbeenpossibletoinferfromthegoodsandservicesactuallyproducedwhatmanufacturersandservicingtradesthoughttheircustomerswanted,onlyastudyofrelevantpersonaldocumentswrittenbyactualconsumerswillprovideaprecisepictureofwhowantedwhat.Westillneedtoknowhowlargethisconsumermarketwasandhowfardownthesocialscaletheconsumerdemandforluxurygoodspenetrated.Withregardtothislastquestion,wemightnoteinpassingthatThompson,whilerightlyrestoringlaboringpeopletothestageofeighteenth-centuryEnglishhistory,hasprobablyexaggeratedtheoppositionofthesepeopletotheinroadsofcapitalistconsumerismingeneral;forexample,laboringpeopleineighteenth-centuryEnglandreadilyshiftedfromhome-brewedbeertostandardizedbeerproducedbyhuge,heavilycapitalizedurbanbreweries.

Toanswerthequestionofwhyconsumersbecamesoeagertobuy,somehistorianshavepointedtotheabilityofmanufacturerstoadvertiseinarelativelyuncensoredpress.This,however,hardlyseemsasufficientanswer.MckendrickfavorsaViablemodelofconspicuousconsumptionstimulatedbycompetitionforstatus.The“middlingsort”boughtgoodsandservicesbecausetheywantedtofollowfashionssetbytherich.Again,wemaywonderwhetherthisexplanationissufficient.Donotpeopleenjoybuyingthingsasaformofself-gratification?Ifso,consumerismcouldbeseenasaproductoftheriseofnewconceptsofindividualismandmaterialism,butnotnecessarilyofthefrenzyforconspicuouscompetition.

Finally,whatweretheconsequencesofthisconsumerdemandforluxuries?McKendrickclaimsthatitgoesalongwaytowardexplainingthecomingoftheIndustrialRevolution.Butdoesit?What,forexample,doestheproductionofhigh-qualitypotteryandtoyshavetodowiththedevelopmentofironmanufactureortextilemills?Itisperfectlypossibletohavethepsychologyandrealityofaconsumersocietywithoutaheavyindustrialsector.

Thatfutureexplorationofthesekeyquestionsisundoubtedlynecessaryshouldnot,however,diminishtheforceoftheconclusionofrecentstudies:theinsatiabledemandineighteenth-centuryEnglandforfrivolousaswellasusefulgoodsandservicesforeshadowsourownworld.

1.Inthefirstparagraph,theauthormentionsMcKendrickandPlumbmostprobablyinorderto（

）.

2.Whichofthefollowingitems,ifpreservedfromeighteenth-centuryEngland,wouldprovideanexampleofthekindofdocumentsmentionedinLines3-4,Paragraph2?

3.Accordingtothetext,Thompsonattributestolaboringpeopleineighteenth-centuryEnglandwhichofthefollowingattitudestowardcapitalistconsumerism?

4.Inthethirdparagraph,theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwith（

）.

5.Accordingtothetext,eighteenth-centuryEnglandandthecontemporaryworldofthetextreadersare（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.contrasttheirviewsonthesubjectofluxuryconsumerismineighteenth-centuryEngland

B.indicatetheinadequacyofhistorio-graphicalapproachestoeighteenth-centuryEnglishhistory

C.giveexamplesofhistorianswhohavehelpedtoestablishthefactofgrowingconsumerismineighteenth-centuryEngland

D.supportthecontentionthatkeyquestionsabouteighteenth-centuryconsumerismremaintobeanswered

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Awrittenagreementbetweenasupplierofrawmaterialsandasupplierofluxurygoods.

B.Adiarythatmentionsluxurygoodsandservicespurchasedbyitsauthor.

C.Atheaterticketstampedwiththedateandnameofaparticularplay.

D.Apayrollrecordfromacompanythatproducedluxurygoodssuchaspottery.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Enthusiasm.

B.Curiosity.

C.Ambivalence.

D.Hostility.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.contrastingtwothesesandofferingacompromise

B.questioningtwoexplanationsandproposingapossiblealternativetothem

C.paraphrasingtheworkoftwohistoriansandquestioningtheirassumptions

D.examiningtwotheoriesandendorsingoneovertheother

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.dissimilarintheextenttowhichluxuryconsumerismcouldbesaidtobewidespreadamongthesocialclasses

B.dissimilarintheirdefinitionsofluxurygoodsandservices

C.dissimilarintheextenttowhichluxurygoodscouldbesaidtobestimulantofindustrialdevelopment

D.similarintheirstrongdemandforavarietyofgoodsandservices

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位到文章第一段，主要敘述了歷史學(xué)家開(kāi)始注意到奢侈品消費(fèi)的研究，并舉例說(shuō)明兩個(gè)學(xué)者的具體的研究，最后提出了三個(gè)問(wèn)題。因此在第一段中提到兩個(gè)人名是為了舉例說(shuō)明18世紀(jì)英格蘭消費(fèi)主義增長(zhǎng)的事實(shí)。故正確答案C。

2.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到文章第二段“Althoughithasbeenpossibletoinferfromthegoodsandservicesactuallyproducedwhatmanufacturersandservicingtradesthoughttheircustomerswanted,onlyastudyofrelevantpersonaldocumentswrittenbyactualconsumerswillprovideaprecisepictureofwhowantedwhat.盡管可以從制造商和服務(wù)行業(yè)針對(duì)他們的客戶所需要的產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)中推斷出他們實(shí)際生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)，但只有對(duì)由實(shí)際消費(fèi)者撰寫的相關(guān)個(gè)人文件進(jìn)行研究，才能準(zhǔn)確地推測(cè)出什么樣的人需要什么樣的東西。”由此可見(jiàn)，這里文章中提到的文件是屬于由實(shí)際消費(fèi)者撰寫的相關(guān)個(gè)人文件，因此選項(xiàng)B為正確答案。

3.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到文章第二段“Withregardtothislastquestion,wemightnoteinpassingthatThompson,whilerightlyrestoringlaboringpeopletothestageofeighteenth-centuryEnglishhistory,hasprobablyexaggeratedtheoppositionofthesepeopletotheinroadsofcapitalistconsumerismingeneral…關(guān)于最后一個(gè)問(wèn)題，我們可以順便指出，雖然湯普森正確地還原了勞動(dòng)人民在英國(guó)18世紀(jì)歷史的階段，但他很可能夸大了這些人對(duì)資本主義消費(fèi)主義的反對(duì)”?？梢酝茰y(cè)勞動(dòng)人民對(duì)于消費(fèi)主義并不存在好奇心或者其他情緒，而是“反對(duì)”。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】段落大意題。定位到文章第三段，首先提出了關(guān)于第一種理論模式：制造商對(duì)于奢侈品宣傳的能力。接著提出第二種理論模式：人們購(gòu)買奢侈品是受社會(huì)地位競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的驅(qū)動(dòng)。通過(guò)對(duì)兩種理論的批判，自己提出了替代性的理論認(rèn)識(shí)。故選項(xiàng)B比較符合題意。

5.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位到文章最后一段“Thatfutureexplorationofthesekeyquestionsisundoubtedlynecessaryshouldnot,however,diminishtheforceoftheconclusionofrecentstudies:theinsatiabledemandineighteenth-centuryEnglandforfrivolousaswellasusefulgoodsandservicesforeshadowsourownworld.然而，未來(lái)對(duì)這些關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題的探索無(wú)疑是必要的，減少最近研究結(jié)論的力量：十八世紀(jì)英格蘭對(duì)輕浮和有用的商品和服務(wù)的貪得無(wú)厭的需求預(yù)示著我們自己的世界?！庇纱丝芍?，十八世紀(jì)的英國(guó)人和現(xiàn)代人在消費(fèi)觀上存在某些相似性，因此選項(xiàng)D正確。

24.單選題

Afterafewroundsoftalks,bothsidesregardedtheterritorydisputes（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.beingsettled

B.tobesettled

C.hadsettled

D.assettled

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查固定搭配。這里空格所在的句子bothsides是主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞regards，賓語(yǔ)theterritorydisputes，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，后面的空格部分應(yīng)該屬于后置定語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)，regardsthassth有“認(rèn)為怎么樣”之意。這里settled過(guò)去分詞作形容詞表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成，也就是“settleddisputes解決了的爭(zhēng)端”，句意為：經(jīng)過(guò)數(shù)輪談判后，雙方都認(rèn)為這個(gè)領(lǐng)土紛爭(zhēng)問(wèn)題得到解決了。答案選D。

25.單選題

Lastyearaboothforsimultaneousinterpretationwasfinallysetup（

）governmentaid.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inaidof

B.byvirtueof

C.inlightof

D.inrespectof

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查介詞詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)inaidof“為了幫助”；B選項(xiàng)byvirtueof“憑借，由于，因?yàn)椤?；C選項(xiàng)inlightof“根據(jù)；鑒于”；D選項(xiàng)inrespectof“關(guān)于，涉及”。governmentaid在句中做狀語(yǔ)，根據(jù)上下文可知byvirtueof“憑借，由于，因?yàn)椤狈项}意，句意為：去年，在政府的援助下，終于建立了一個(gè)同聲傳譯的展位。故答案選B。

26.單選題

heflourishofadulttrainingprogramspartiallyresultedfromthefeministmovement,（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.whichencouragingwomentoimprovetheirskillsforthejobmarket

B.whichencouragedwomentoimprovetheirskillsforthejobmarket

C.encouragingwomentoimprovetheirskillsforthejobmarket

D.thatencouragedwomentoimprovetheirskillsforthejobmarket

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。本句考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。主句是Theflourishofadulttrainingprogramspartiallyresultedfromthefeministmovement，后面which作為關(guān)系代詞指代thefeministmovement，在從句中作為主語(yǔ)，意思是“女權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)鼓勵(lì)女性去提高她們?cè)诰蜆I(yè)市場(chǎng)的技能”，故正確答案選B。

27.單選題

Untilrecently,womeninadvertisementswereoneofthreethings—anapron,aglamorousdressorafrown.Althoughthatisnowchanging,manywomenstillfeelangryenoughtodefaceoffendingadvertisementswithstickersprotesting,“Thisaddegradeswomen.”Whydoesthissortofadvertisingexist?Howcanadvertisersandadagenciesstillproduce,sometimes,aftermonthsofresearch,advertisingthatoffendstheconsumer?

TheAdvertisingStandardsAuthority(thebodywhichdealswithcomplaintsaboutprintmedia)iscarryingoutaresearchintohowwomenfeelaboutthewaytheyareportrayedinadvertisements.Itsconclusionsarelikelytobewhattheadvertisingindustryalreadyknows:althoughwomenareoftenirritatedbythewaytheyareseeninads,fewfeelstronglyenoughtocomplain.

Womenarenottheonlyvictimsofpoorandboringstereotypes—inmanyTVcommercialsmenareseeneitherasuseless,childishoafs(笨蛋)whoareunabletoperformthesimplesthouseholdtasks,orasinconsiderateboors,permanentlyonthelookoutforanescapetothepub.Butitiswomenwhoseemtobearthebruntoftheindustry’sapparentinabilitytoputpeopleintoanauthenticpresent-daycontext.

YetaccordingtoEmmaBennett,executivecreativedirectorofaLondonadvertisingagency,womenarenotinfuriatedbystereotypesandsexistadvertising.Ittendstowashoverthem,theyarenotmilitantorangry—theyjustfinditannoyingortiresome.Theyreluctantlyacceptoutdatedstereotypes,butheaveasighofreliefwhenanadvertisementreallygetsitright.

Shesaysthatitisnotadvertising’suseofthehousewiferolethatbotherswomen,butthewayinwhichitishandled.“Researchershaveoftenaskedthewrongquestions.Themostimportantthingistheadvertisement’stoneofvoice.Womenhatebeingpatronized,flatteredorgivendesperatelydown-to-earthcommonsenseadvice.”

Intheend,theresponsibilityforgoodadvertisingmustbesharedbetweentheadvertiser,theadvertisingagencyandtheconsumer.Advertisingdoesnotsettrendsbutitreflectsthem.Itisuptotheconsumertotelladvertiserswheretheyfail,anduntilpeopleonthereceivingendtakethebusinessseriouslyandmaketheirfeelingsknown,theprocessofchangewillremainlaboriouslyslow.

1.Despiterecentchangesinattitudes,someadvertisementsstillfailto（

）.

2.Accordingtothewriter,thecommonestfaultofpresent-dayadvertisingisto（

）.

3.EmmaBennettsuggeststhatadvertisementoughtto（

）.

4.Ultimatelytheadvertisingindustryshould（

）.

5.Theauthorseemstosuggestthatinordertoimproveadvertisingthecustomershould（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.changewomen’sopinionsofthemselves

B.meettheneedsoftheadvertisingindustry

C.persuadethepublictobuycertainproducts

D.showanyunderstandingofwomen’sfeelings

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.presentamisleadingimageofwomen

B.ignoreprotestsagainstadvertisements

C.misrepresenttheactivitiesofmen

D.condemntheroleofthehousewife

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.usemaleimagesinsteadoffemaleones

B.givefurtheremphasistopracticaladvice

C.changetheirstyleratherthantheircontent

D.paymorecomplimentstowomenthanbefore

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.takeitsjobmoreearnestly

B.domorepioneeringwork

C.takenoticeofthepublicopinion

D.concentrateontheproductsadvertised

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.takenonoticeofwhatisreflectedinads

B.remindadvertisersofwhathavebeenoverlooked

C.takeoverthemanagementofadvertisingagencies

D.refusetobuyproductsmisrepresentedbysomeads

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位到文章第一段最后一句中“Howcanadvertisersandadagenciesstillproduce,sometimes,aftermonthsofresearch,advertisingthatoffendstheconsumer？廣告商和廣告公司怎么能在經(jīng)過(guò)數(shù)月的研究之后，還能生產(chǎn)出冒犯消費(fèi)者的廣告呢？”可推知一些廣告仍然沒(méi)有對(duì)消費(fèi)者的感受表示出任何理解的跡象，故答案選D。

2.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位到文章第三段“Butitiswomenwhoseemtobearthebruntoftheindustry’sapparentinabilitytoputpeopleintoanauthenticpresent-daycontext.但是，女性似乎首當(dāng)其沖地承受著這個(gè)行業(yè)明顯的無(wú)能，無(wú)法將人們置于真實(shí)的當(dāng)今環(huán)境中?！笨赏浦髡哒J(rèn)為當(dāng)前的廣告最普遍的錯(cuò)誤就是沒(méi)有把女性放在真實(shí)的處境中，呈現(xiàn)出不真實(shí)的女性形象，答案選A。

3.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位到文章第五段第一句“Shesaysthatitisnotadvertising’suseofthehousewiferolethatbotherswomen,butthewayinwhichitishandled.她說(shuō)，困擾女性的并不是廣告對(duì)家庭主婦角色的使用，而是在于處理它的方式?！庇纱丝赏茢嗨ㄗh廣告應(yīng)該改變方式，而不是內(nèi)容，故答案選C。

4.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。結(jié)合文章最后一段可知優(yōu)秀的廣告應(yīng)該由廣告商、廣告機(jī)構(gòu)和消費(fèi)者共同完成，由此可推斷廣告業(yè)應(yīng)該注重民意。答案選C。

5.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到文章最后一段“Itisuptotheconsumertotelladvertiserswheretheyfail,anduntilpeopleonthereceivingendtakethebusinessseriouslyandmaketheirfeelingsknown,theprocessofchangewillremainlaboriouslyslow.消費(fèi)者應(yīng)該告訴廣告商他們失敗的地方；而改變的過(guò)程將會(huì)非常緩慢，直到作為接受方的消費(fèi)者認(rèn)真對(duì)待這件事，并讓他們的感覺(jué)被廣告商知道?！庇纱丝芍鸢高xB。

28.單選題

Todaybusinesscardsaredistributedwithabandonbyworkingpeopleofallsocialclasses,illustratingnotonlytheubiquityofcommercialinterestsbutalsothefluidityoftheworldoftrade.Whetheroneisbuttonholingpotentialclientsforacarpentryservice,announcingone’slatestacademicappointment,or“networking”withfellowexecutives,itispermissibletoadvertiseone’stalentsandavailabilitybyanoutstretchedhandandthestatement“Here’smycard.”AsRobertLouisStevensononceobserved,everybodymakeshislivingbysellingsomething.Businesscardsfacilitatethisendeavor.

Ithasnotalwaysbeenthisway.Thecardsthatweusetodayforcommercialpurposesareavulgarizationofthenineteenth-centurysocialcallingcards,anartifactwithaquitedifferentpurpose.IntheGildedAge,possessingacallingcardindicatednotthatyouwereinterestedinformingbusinessrelationships,butthatyourmoneywassooldthatyouhadnoneedtomakealiving.Forthecalling-cardclass,lifewasacontinualroundofsocialvisits,andtheprotocol（禮儀）governingthesevisitswasinextricablylinkedtotheproperuseofcards.PickupanyetiquettemanualpredatingWorldWarⅠ,andyouwillfindwholechaptersdevotedtosuchquestionsaswhetherasinglegentlemanmayleaveacardforalady;whenaladymust,andmustnot,turndowntheedgesofacard;andwhetheranunmarriedgirlofbetweenfourteenandseventeenmaycarrymorethansixorlessthanthirteencardsinherpurseinmonthsbeginningwitha“J”.Thecallingcardsystemwasespeciallycherishedbythosewhomadenodistinctionbetweenmannersandmereform,anditspreciousnesswaswelldefinedbyMrs.JohnSherwood.Her1887manualcalledthecard“thefieldmarkanddevice”ofcivilization.

Thebusinessversionofthecallingcardcameinaroundtheturnofthecentury,whentheformerlywell-definedbordersbetweenthecommercialandthepersonalrealmswereusedwidely,societymavens(專家)considereditunforgivabletofusethetworealms.EmilyPost’scontemporaryLilianEichlercalleditverypoortastetousebusinesscardsforsocialpurposes,andaslateas1967AmyVanderbiltcounseledthatthemerchant’smarker“mayneverdoubleforsocialpurposes”.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,peopledistributetheirbusinesscardsinorderto（

）.

2.Thesentence“yourmoneywassoold”inthesecondparagraphmeans（

）.

3.WhatisNOTtrueaboutthecalling-cardclassinthe19thcentury?

4.Accordingtothepassage,businesscardsarelikelytohaveappeared（

）.

5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTstatedorimpliedinthepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.maketheirliving

B.showtheirsocialstatus

C.facilitatesellingtheirproducts

D.illustratethefluidityoftheworldoftrade

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.youhadalotofmoney.

B.yourmoneywasuseless.

C.youhadanoldpoundnote.

D.youinheritedafortunefromyourancestor

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theyusedtheircallingcardstowinladies’favor.

B.Therewereguidebooksontheprotocolforthemtoread.

C.Theylivedaleisuredlifewithoutworryingaboutearningaliving.

D.Theiruseofcardswassupposedtogobyasetofcomplexrulesofmanner.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.after1967

B.afterWorldWarⅠ

C.atthebeginningofthe19thcentury

D.atthebeginningofthe20th

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Mostpeoplethinkitimpropertousebusinesscardsforsocialpurposes.

B.Today’sbusinesscardsareavulgarizationofthe19th-centurysocialcallingcard.

C.Inthe19thcentury,possessingacallingcardindicatedone’shighsocialposition.

D.Inthe19thcentury,thecalling-cardclassneverusedtheircardsforcommercialpurposes.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到文章第一段最后兩句“AsRobertLouisStevensononceobserved,everybodymakeshislivingbysellingsomething.Businesscardsfacilitatethisendeavor.正如羅伯特?路易斯?史蒂文森曾經(jīng)說(shuō)過(guò)，每個(gè)人靠賣東西為生。商務(wù)名片促進(jìn)了這一努力?！庇纱丝芍?，人們遞商務(wù)名片是為了賣產(chǎn)品，選項(xiàng)C符合上下文語(yǔ)境，為正確答案。

2.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。定位到文章第二段第三句“IntheGildedAge,possessingacallingcardindicatednotthatyouwereinterestedinformingbusinessrelationships,butthatyourmoneywassooldthatyouhadnoneedtomakealiving.在鍍金時(shí)代，擁有名片并不意味著你有興趣結(jié)成商務(wù)關(guān)系，而是你有遺產(chǎn)，所以你不需要為生計(jì)犯愁?！庇纱丝芍}干句子的意思應(yīng)該指從祖先那里得到一大筆遺產(chǎn)之意。oldmoney意為“祖?zhèn)鬟z產(chǎn)”，故正確答案選D。

3.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。定位到文章第二段“Forthecalling-cardclass,lifewasacontinualroundofsocialvisits他們的日子就是在社交活動(dòng)中打發(fā)的”可知選項(xiàng)C符合文意；由“theprotocolgoverningthesevisitswasinextricablylinkedtotheproperuseofcards管理這些社交活動(dòng)的禮儀與正確使用卡片有著千絲萬(wàn)縷的聯(lián)系”可知他們?cè)谏缃换顒?dòng)中交換名片是需遵守復(fù)雜的禮儀規(guī)范，因此選項(xiàng)D沒(méi)錯(cuò)，以及由“PickupanyetiquettemanualpredatingWorldWarⅠ,andyouwillfindwholechaptersdevotedtosuchquestionsaswhetherasinglegentlemanmayleaveacardforalady在第一次世界大戰(zhàn)前，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)所有的禮儀手冊(cè)里面整個(gè)章節(jié)都在討論這樣的問(wèn)題：一個(gè)單身男士是否可以給女士遞名片?！笨芍x項(xiàng)B無(wú)誤；選項(xiàng)A文章中沒(méi)有提及，因此答案選A。

4.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。定位到文章第二段“Thecardsthatweusetodayforcommercialpurposesareavulgarizationofthenineteenth-centurysocialcallingcards,anartifactwithaquitedifferentpurpose.我們今天用于商業(yè)目的的卡片是19世紀(jì)社會(huì)名片的俗化，是一種具有完全不同目的的工藝品?！币约拔恼碌谌蔚谝痪渲小癟hebusinessversionofthecallingcardcameinaroundtheturnofthecentury...拜帖的商業(yè)版本（名片）出現(xiàn)在世紀(jì)之交……”；由此推斷選項(xiàng)D最符合句子意思。

5.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。定位到文章第二段第三句“IntheGildedAge,possessingacallingcardindicatednotthatyouwereinterestedinformingbusinessrelationships,butthatyourmoneywassooldthatyouhadnoneedtomakealiving.在鍍金時(shí)代，擁有商業(yè)