2022版?zhèn)鋺?zhàn)老高考一輪復(fù)習(xí)英語Unit 2 Working the land Grammar 教案

PAGEUnit2Workingtheland動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語和賓語語境自主領(lǐng)悟先觀察原句后自主感悟①Sincethen，findingwaystogrowmorericehasbeenhislifegoal.②Asayoungman，hesawthegreatneedforincreasingthericeoutput.③YuanLongpingsearchedforawaytoincreasericeharvestswithoutexpandingtheareaofthefields.④However，hedoesn'tcareaboutbeingfamous.⑤Heenjoyslisteningtoviolinmusic，playingmah-jong，swimmingandreading.⑥Spendingmoneyonhimselforleadingacomfortablelifealsomeansverylittletohim.⑦Heawokefromhisdreamwiththehopeofproducingakindofricethatcouldfeedmorepeople.1.以上動(dòng)名詞短語(加黑部分)在句中作主語的是①，⑥。2.作動(dòng)詞賓語的是⑤。3.作介詞(短語)賓語的是②，③，④，⑦。一、關(guān)于動(dòng)詞-ing形式的基本情況1．動(dòng)詞-ing形式是動(dòng)詞的一種非謂語形式，包括現(xiàn)在分詞和動(dòng)名詞兩種。動(dòng)詞-ing形式在句中的語法作用：動(dòng)名詞在句中作主語、賓語、表語和定語，現(xiàn)在分詞在句中作狀語、賓語補(bǔ)足語和定語。2．動(dòng)詞-ing形式的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)：語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)一般式doingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendoneReadingaloudisagoodwaytolearnalanguage.大聲朗讀是學(xué)習(xí)語言的一種好方法。Havingstudiedhislessonsveryhard，hepassedtheexam.努力學(xué)習(xí)了功課，他通過了考試。Thebuildingbeingbuiltnowwillbefinishednextmonth.正在建設(shè)的建筑物下個(gè)月將完工。二、動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語1．動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語時(shí)，往往表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，通常置于句首。Sayingisonething，anddoingisanother.說是一回事，而做是另一回事。Havingawalkeverydayhelpstomakeonekeephealthy.每天散步有助于一個(gè)人保持健康。[名師點(diǎn)津]動(dòng)名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Climbingmountainsisreallydifficultfortheold.對(duì)于老人來說爬山確實(shí)困難。2．形式主語it代替動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語。此類句式常見的有：It'sawasteoftimedoingsth. 做某事是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間It'suseless/worthwhiledoingsth. 做某事沒用/是值得的It'snogood/use/fundoingsth. 做某事沒好處/沒用/沒意思Itisawasteoftimepersuadingsuchapersontojoinus.勸說這種人加入我們是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。Itisnogood/useregrettingforthepast.悔恨過去是沒用的。3．v.-ing形式和todo作主語時(shí)的區(qū)別。v．-ing形式和todo都可以作主語。v.-ing形式作主語表示比較抽象的一般行為，todo作主語往往表示具體的或一次性的動(dòng)作。Playingwithfireisdangerous.玩火危險(xiǎn)。(泛指)Singingismyhobby，andtosingatmyfriend'sbirthdaypartyismydream.唱歌是我的愛好，在朋友的生日宴會(huì)上唱歌是我的夢(mèng)想。[即時(shí)演練1]單句語法填空①Ican'tstandworking(work)withJaneinthesameoffice.②It'snousecomplaining(complain)withouttakingaction.③Volunteering(volunteer)justfeelssogood.④Beinginvited(invite)tothepartywasagreathonourtothefamily.三、動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語1．作動(dòng)詞的賓語。接v.-ing形式作賓語的常用動(dòng)詞(短語)有：avoid，miss，delay/putoff避免錯(cuò)過少延期advise，finish，practise建議完成多練習(xí)enjoy，imagine，can'thelp喜歡想象禁不住admit，deny，envy承認(rèn)否定與嫉妒escape，risk，excuse逃避冒險(xiǎn)莫原諒stand，keep，mind忍受保持不介意Headmittedreferringtohisnotesintheexam.他承認(rèn)在考試中查閱了筆記。Shecan'tstandbeinglookeddownuponinpublic.她忍受不了在公眾場(chǎng)合被人看不起的感覺。Wouldyoumindopeningthewindow?你介意打開窗子嗎？Hetriedtoavoidansweringmyquestions.他試圖對(duì)我的問題避而不答。2．作介詞的賓語。在下面的短語中，常用v.-ing形式作介詞的賓語：begoodat，dreamof，careabout，beconcernedabout，beinterestedin，feellike，insiston，thinkof，aimat，setabout，beusedto習(xí)慣于；getdownto開始做；leadto導(dǎo)致；devoteoneselfto獻(xiàn)身于……；lookforwardto期待；stickto堅(jiān)持；payattentionto注意等。Idreamofsailingaroundtheworldandleadingahappylife.我夢(mèng)想著環(huán)游世界，過上幸福的生活。Heinsistedondoingitinhisownway.他堅(jiān)持要按照自己的方法做。I'mlookingforwardtoyourcomingnexttime.我期待著你下一次的到來。Becauseofthebadweather，theyhavetogiveupgoingoutforapicnictomorrow.因?yàn)樘鞖獠缓?，他們不得不放棄明天的外出野餐?．在以下結(jié)構(gòu)中，動(dòng)詞-ing形式作介詞的賓語，介詞常省略。spend...(in)doing 花費(fèi)……做某事havedifficulty/trouble(in)doing...做……有困難/麻煩stop/prevent...(from)doing 阻止……做某事wastetime(in)doing 浪費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事bebusy(in)doing 忙于做某事haveagood/hardtime(in)doing 高興做某事/費(fèi)了很大勁做某事Thereisnopoint(in)doing 做某事毫無意義Heisalwaysbusyworkingeveryday，whichhasmadehimhavelittletimetoplaywithhischild.他每天總是忙于工作，這使他很少有時(shí)間和孩子一起玩。Thereisnopointgivinghimsuchagoodchance.給他提供這樣一個(gè)好機(jī)會(huì)沒有意義。[即時(shí)演練2]用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空①I'mlookingforwardtohearing(hear)fromyou.②Hedevoteshimselftolooking(look)intothematter.③Shelikesspendingmuchmoneybuying(buy)clothesforherself.四、動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語、賓語時(shí)的幾個(gè)特殊情況1．動(dòng)詞-ing的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(名詞（賓格）/名詞's所有格,代詞（賓格）/形容詞性物主代詞))＋動(dòng)詞-ingHis/Tom'sbeinglatemadetheteacherveryangry.他的/湯姆的遲到使老師很生氣。Wouldyoumindmy/meclosingthewindow?你介意我關(guān)上窗戶嗎？WouldyoumindMary's/Maryclosingthewindow?你介意瑪麗關(guān)上窗戶嗎？[名師點(diǎn)津]動(dòng)詞-ing的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的否定形式為：形容詞性物主代詞/代詞(賓格)/名詞/名詞的所有格＋notdoing...。Jerry'snotarrivingontimemadethepeoplepresentangry.杰里未能按時(shí)到達(dá)令在場(chǎng)的人很生氣。2．某些動(dòng)詞及動(dòng)詞短語后面既可以用不定式也可以用動(dòng)詞-ing作賓語。(1)動(dòng)詞begin，start，continue等詞后既可跟不定式，又可跟動(dòng)詞-ing作賓語，意義基本相同。Theycontinueddiscussing/todiscusstheplanafterhavingarest.休息了一會(huì)后，他們繼續(xù)討論這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃。(2)動(dòng)詞love，like，hate等后可跟動(dòng)詞-ing和不定式作賓語，但接動(dòng)詞-ing表示經(jīng)常性的情況，接不定式表示具體的動(dòng)作。Ilovewalkingwithmyfriendonasunnyday.(習(xí)慣)我喜歡和朋友在一個(gè)陽光明媚的日子里散步。Itisapleasantdaytoday，soIlovetohaveawalkwithmyfriend.(具體)今天是個(gè)令人愉快的日子，所以我想和朋友一起散散步。(3)一些動(dòng)詞后既可跟動(dòng)詞-ing作賓語，又可跟不定式作賓語，但意義有很大差別。Heforgotturningthelightoff.他忘記他已經(jīng)關(guān)了燈。Thelightintheofficeisstillon.Heforgottoturnitoff.辦公室的燈還亮著，他忘記關(guān)了。[溫馨提示]對(duì)比記憶作賓語的動(dòng)詞含義eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(goondoingsth.繼續(xù)做同一件事,goontodosth.接著做另一件事))eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(forgetdoingsth.忘記做過某事,forgettodosth.忘記要做某事))eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(trydoingsth.試著做某事,trytodosth.努力做某事))eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(rememberdoingsth.記得做過某事,remembertodosth.記住要做某事))eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(regretdoingsth.后悔做了某事,regrettodosth.很遺憾要做某事))eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(meantodo...打算/意欲做……,meandoing...意味著做……))eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(stoptodosth.停下來去做另一件事,stopdoingsth.停止正在做的事情))eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(can'thelptodo...不能幫著去做……,can'thelpdoing...禁不住做……))Theystoppedtohavealookatthefantasticscenery.他們停下來，看了看這美妙絕倫的風(fēng)景。Theystoppedworkingandhadarest.他們停止工作，休息了一下。3．用it作形式賓語，真正的賓語是v.-ing形式。其結(jié)構(gòu)如下：主語eq\b\lc\{\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(think,consider,find,feel,believe))＋it＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(useless,nouse,nogood,...))＋doing...Ifoundituseless/nousearguingaboutit.我發(fā)現(xiàn)爭(zhēng)論這件事沒有用。Doyouconsideritanygoodtryingagain?你覺得再試會(huì)有用嗎？4．在動(dòng)詞need，require，want，deserve后，用動(dòng)詞-ing形式表示被動(dòng)意義，即need/require/want/deservedoing＝need/require/want/deservetobedone。Theseclothesneedwashing.＝Theseclothesneedtobewashed.這些衣服需要洗。Thehouserequiresrepairing.＝Thehouserequirestoberepaired.這座房子需要修理。5．在(be)worth后面只能用動(dòng)詞-ing形式來表示被動(dòng)意義。Thefilmisworthseeingasecondtime.這部電影值得再看一次。[即時(shí)演練3]單句語法填空(1)①Irememberseeing(see)herbefore，butIcan'trememberwhenitwas.②Youmustremembertotell(tell)Jacksonthenewstonight.(2)①Ididn'tmeantovisit(visit)himyesterdayafternoon.②Givingupyourplanmeanslosing(lose)alargeamountofmoney.(3)①Allofusstoppedtalking(talk)whenwesawourteachercomein.②Shefeltthirsty，soshestoppedtoget(get)adrinkofwater.Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Talking(talk)withyourkidhearttoheartisveryimportant.2．Thebirdnarrowlyescapedbeingshot(shoot)bythehunter.3．Itisnouseregretting(regret)yourpastmistakes.4．Doyoufeellikehaving(have)awalkwithmeaftersupper?5．Myfathersuggestedreading(read)morebooksinmysparetime.6．Toavoidbeingseen(see)bytheteacher，Tonystoleintotheclassroombythebackdoor.7．Haveyouconside