2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-新疆大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號(hào)10

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-新疆大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.翻譯題

Thetrampseemstohavebeenamanofgoodhumorandphilosophictemperament—asindeedvagrantsverycommonlyare.EveryoneelsewasenjoyingChristmas,sohesawnogoodreasonwhyheshouldnotdothesame.Hesubmitted,cheerfullyenough,tobeingtakenawaybythepolice.PerhapshehadhadabetterChristmasthanusual.Hewassenttoprisonforsevendays.Thejudgeawardednocompensationtothechainstoreforthefoodanddrinkourtramphadconsumed.Theyhad,inhisopinion,alreadyreceivedvaluablefreepublicityfromthecoveragethestoryreceivedinthenewspapersandontelevision.

【答案】流浪漢似乎是一個(gè)很有幽默感和哲學(xué)氣質(zhì)的人——實(shí)際上流浪漢通常都是這樣的。其他人都在享受圣誕節(jié)，所以他覺(jué)得沒(méi)有什么理由不讓自己也這么做。他很高興地讓警察把他帶走了。也許他圣誕節(jié)過(guò)得比平時(shí)好。他被關(guān)進(jìn)監(jiān)獄7天。對(duì)于我們的流浪漢吃的食物和飲料，法官?zèng)]有判給連鎖店任何賠償。在他看來(lái)，他們已經(jīng)接受了從報(bào)紙和電視上的報(bào)道中獲得了寶貴的免費(fèi)宣傳。

2.單選題

（）authoritiesallowaboutonetontoeachfootoflength.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Tocalculatetheweightofanaverageadultwhale

B.Theycalculatetheweightofanaverageadultwhale

C.Inthecalculationtheweightofanaverageadultwhale

D.Eventhoughtheycalculatetheweightofanaverageadultwhale

【答案】A

【解析】考查句型結(jié)構(gòu)辨析。A選項(xiàng)“Tocalculatetheweightofanaverageadultwhale”（來(lái)計(jì)算一頭普通成年鯨魚(yú)的重量），表示因果關(guān)系，符合句型結(jié)構(gòu)，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。B選項(xiàng)“Theycalculatetheweightofanaverageadultwhale”（他們計(jì)算了一頭普通成年鯨魚(yú)的重量），they代指前面的內(nèi)容，因此可排除。C選項(xiàng)“Inthecalculationtheweightofanaverageadultwhale”（在計(jì)算一頭普通成年鯨的重量時(shí)），不符合題意，可排除。D選項(xiàng)與B選項(xiàng)同理。句意：……當(dāng)局允許每英尺長(zhǎng)約一噸。因此答案為A選項(xiàng)。

3.填空題

Directions:Youaregoingtoreadsomeinformationaboutsomecompanies.Forquestions21-30,choosefromthecompanies(A-H).Someofthecompaniesmaybechosenmorethanonce.Whenmorethanoneanswerisrequired,thesemaybegiveninanyorder.Thereisanexampleatthebeginning(O).Markyouranswersontheseparateanswersheet.

Whichcompanyorcompanies:

isproudoftheirresearchprogramme?(O)(F)

dealswithcommunicationlinks?(21)()

ispartlyownedbythemanagement?(22)()

statesitdoesnotworkinEurope?(23)()

statesitisconcernedwiththewholefamily?(24)()

profitfromnaturalresources?(25)()(26)()

directlyexchangemoney?(27)()(28)()

makemedicine?(29)()(30)()

FINANCIALTIMESANNUALREPORTSERVICE

Choosewhichofthefollowingreportsyouwishtohavesenttoyou:

A.TVXGoldInc.

TVXGoldInc.isaCanadian-basedgrowth-orientedinternationalminingcompanywith1993goldandgoldequivalentproductionofarecord439,000ouncesatanaveragecashcostof$172perouncefromitsinterestsinsixoperatinggoldmineslocatedinNorthandSouthAmerica.ThestrengthsofTVXGoldincludequalityreserves,longminelife,lowaveragecashcostsandincreaseinproduction,andanew,experiencedandaggressivemanagementteam.

B.Statoil

StatoilisanintegratedNorwegianoilandgascompanyandranksastheleadingoperatoronNorway’scontinentalshelf.Operationsarealsopursuedin20othercountries.ThegroupreportedaprofitbeforetaxationofNOK12billionin1993asagainstNOK9.9billiontheyearbefore.Theincreasewasduetoahighlevelofproduction,areductioninoperatingcostsandimprovedfinancialresults.

Statoilisorganizedinfourbusinessareas—ExplorationandProduction,NaturalGas,OilTradingandShipping,andRefiningandMarketing.From1994Statoil’sinvolvementinPetrochemicalshasbeentransferredtoBorealis,anewpetrochemicalcompanyowned50percentbyNeste.Afterthehive-offofitspetrochemicaloperationin1994,thegrouphasabout12,000employees.

C.TheRabobankGroup

WithtotalassetsofNLG253.2billiontheDutchRabobankGroupranksamongthetop20banksinEuropeandthetop50worldwide.Overthepasttwodecades,thebankhasgraduallyexpandeditsinternationalnetworktocoverstrategicgeographicareas.Itcomprisesnow47officesintheworld’smajorfinancialandcommercialcenters.TheGroup’s“centralbank”,RabobankNederland,operatesasawholesalehouse,specializinginservingmajornationalandinternationalcorporationsandinoperationsonthefinancialmarkets.Besidesdealingroomandtreasuryactivities,thebankofferscorporatefinancialservices(includingconsultancyonmergers,acquisitionsandparticipations)aswellascomprehensivepackageofinternationalservicesthroughitsinternationalnetwork.

D.RobertsPharmaceuticals

RobertsPharmaceuticals(NASDAZ:RPCX)isfastrealizingitsgoalofbecomingamajorpharmaceuticalcompanywhosediversproductscontributetothehealthandwell-beingofallagegroups.Robertshassuccessfullycombinedanaggressiveproductdevelopmentprogrammewithstrategicacquisitions,tocreateaprofitablecompanywithawell-balancedproductionportfolioconcentratedinsixmajortherapeuticcategories.

E.Telia

TheTeliaGroupofferspublicandprivatenetworksfortelephony,datacommunicationsandmobiletelephony.TogetherwithPTTNetherlandsandSwissPTT,Teliaisco-ownerofUnisource.In1993,theTeliaGroup’srevenuestotaledUDS$4.5billion.Returnoncapitalemployedwas14.5percent.TeliainvestedatotalofUSD910million.

F.Roche

RocheisaSwiss-basedinternationalhealth-caregroupemploying56,000peopleworldwide.Itisaresearch-drivencompanywithaleadingpositioninbiotechnologyandactivitiescoveringtheentirehealthspectrumofprevention,diagnosisandtreatmentofdisease.Rochehasgainedahighreputationforthequalityofitsinnovativeresearchandtheoriginalcontributionithasmadetothedevelopmentofnewdrugs.InadditiontopharmaceuticalsRocheisengagedinthefieldsofvitaminsandfinechemicals,diagnostics,fragrancesandflavours.

G.BSS

BSSisaSwissbankwithallthatthisappliesintermsoftradition,experience,securityandconfidentiality.BSSisownedbythe“FondationdeFamilleSandoz”andbykeyexecutivesofthebank.Thebankfocusesonassetmanagementforprivateandinstitutionalclientsandoffersawiderangeofsecuritiesandbankingservicesincludingglobalcustody,forexandstockexchangeoperations.

H.SagaPetroleuma.s.

In1993,SagaPetroleumhadanoperatingprofitofNOK1694millionandaprofitbeforetaxesofNOK1006million.TheGroup’sprovedandprobableoilandgasreservestotal1,474milliontonsofoilequivalent,ofwhich44percentisoil.Intermsofreserves,Sagaisamongthelargestindependentupstreamcompaniesintheworld.ItisSaga’sintentiontofurtherstrengthenitspositionontheNorwegianshelf,andtoutilizethecompany’sexpertiseandcapacitygraduallytodevelopitsinternationalactivities.

Saga’sobjectiveistogivethecompany’sshare-holdersthehighestpossiblereturnontheirinvestmentthroughefficientoperationsandstrictrequirementstotheprofitabilityofnewproducts.

【答案】21.E

22.B

23.A

24.G

25.A

26.B

27.C

28.G

29.D

30.F

【解析】21.句意：哪家公司經(jīng)營(yíng)通信鏈接？由E部分中TheTeliaGroupofferspublicandprivatenetworksfortelephony,datacommunicationsandmobiletelephony.（Telia集團(tuán)提供用于電話、數(shù)據(jù)通信和移動(dòng)電話的公共和私人網(wǎng)絡(luò)。）可知，Telia集團(tuán)經(jīng)營(yíng)通信鏈接。因此本題選E。

22.句意：哪個(gè)公司部分歸管理層所有？由B部分中From1994Statoil’sinvolvementinPetrochemicalshasbeentransferredtoBorealis,anewpetrochemicalcompanyowned50percentbyNeste.（從1994年起，Statoil在石化領(lǐng)域的參與已經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)移到Borealis，這是一家新的石化公司，由Neste擁有50%的股份。）可知，Statoil公司管理層持有部分的股權(quán)。因此本題選B。

23.句意：哪家公司不在歐洲開(kāi)展業(yè)務(wù)？由A部分中TVXGoldInc.isaCanadian-basedgrowth-orientedinternationalminingcompanywith1993goldandgoldequivalentproductionofarecord439,000ouncesatanaveragecashcostof$172perouncefromitsinterestsinsixoperatinggoldmineslocatedinNorthandSouthAmerica.（TVXGoldInc.是一家位于加拿大的成長(zhǎng)型國(guó)際礦業(yè)公司，1993年黃金和黃金當(dāng)量產(chǎn)量達(dá)到創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的439,000盎司，平均現(xiàn)金成本為每盎司172美元，該公司在位于北美和南美的六個(gè)運(yùn)營(yíng)中的金礦擁有權(quán)益。）可知，TVXGoldInc.的業(yè)務(wù)范圍只在北美洲和南美洲，不在歐洲。因此本題選A。

24.句意：哪家公司涉及到整個(gè)家庭？由G部分中BSSisownedbythe“FondationdeFamilleSandoz”andbykeyexecutivesofthebank.（BSS由“桑多斯家族基金會(huì)”和該行主要高管持有。）可知，BSS涉及到桑多斯家族。因此本題選G。

25.句意：哪些公司從自然資源中獲利？由A部分中ThestrengthsofTVXGoldincludequalityreserves,longminelife（TVXGold的優(yōu)勢(shì)包括優(yōu)質(zhì)的儲(chǔ)量、較長(zhǎng)的礦山壽命）可知，TVXGoldInc.從黃金資源中獲利。因此本題選A。

26.句意：哪些公司從自然資源中獲利？由B部分中StatoilisanintegratedNorwegianoilandgascompanyandranksastheleadingoperatoronNorway’scontinentalshelf.（Statoil是一家綜合性挪威石油和天然氣公司，是挪威大陸架上的主要運(yùn)營(yíng)商。）可知，Statoil從石油和天然氣資源中獲利。因此本題選B。

27.句意：哪些公司直接兌換貨幣？由C部分中Besidesdealingroomandtreasuryactivities,thebankofferscorporatefinancialservices(includingconsultancyonmergers,acquisitionsandparticipations)aswellascomprehensivepackageofinternationalservicesthroughitsinternationalnetwork.（除了交易廳和財(cái)務(wù)活動(dòng)，該行還提供企業(yè)金融服務(wù)，包括兼并、收購(gòu)和參與方面的咨詢，以及通過(guò)其國(guó)際網(wǎng)絡(luò)提供全面的一攬子國(guó)際服務(wù)。）可知，TheRabobankGroup提供全面的國(guó)際金融服務(wù)，包括貨幣兌換。因此本題選C。

28.句意：哪些公司直接兌換貨幣？由G部分中Thebankfocusesonassetmanagementforprivateandinstitutionalclientsandoffersawiderangeofsecuritiesandbankingservicesincludingglobalcustody,forexandstockexchangeoperations.（該銀行專注于私人和機(jī)構(gòu)客戶的資產(chǎn)管理，提供廣泛的證券和銀行服務(wù)，包括全球托管、外匯和證券交易所業(yè)務(wù)。）可知，BSS提供外匯業(yè)務(wù)。因此本題選G。

29.句意：哪些公司制作藥物？由D部分中RobertsPharmaceuticalsisfastrealizingitsgoalofbecomingamajorpharmaceuticalcompany（Roberts制藥公司正在快速實(shí)現(xiàn)其成為一家主要制藥公司的目標(biāo)）可知，RobertsPharmaceuticals是一家制藥公司。因此本題選D。

30.句意：哪些公司制作藥物？由F部分中Rochehasgainedahighreputationforthequalityofitsinnovativeresearchandtheoriginalcontributionithasmadetothedevelopmentofnewdrugs.（Roche因其創(chuàng)新研究的質(zhì)量和對(duì)新藥開(kāi)發(fā)的原創(chuàng)性貢獻(xiàn)而獲得了很高的聲譽(yù)。）可知，Roche公司在開(kāi)發(fā)新藥。因此本題選F。

4.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Astrophysicistsstudyingthestructureoftheuniversehavefoundnewevidenceforsomethingtheywerebeginningtosuspectwithincreasingconvictioninrecentyears—theexistenceofamysterious,repulsiveforcethatappearstobeacceleratingtheexpansionoftheuniverse.Astronomershavegiventhishypotheticalnewforceanintriguingname.Theyhavelabeleditthe“darkforce”,inalllikelihoodbecauseithasremainedhiddenfromobservationuntilnow.Forthatmatter,itstillremainshiddentodirectdetection.

Thattheuniversewasexpandinghasbeenknownformanydecades.But,withonenotableandfamouslyreluctantexception,itoccurredtonooneuntilmuchmorerecentlythattheexpansionmight,insteadofbeingslowedbythemutualgravitationalattractionofallthemattertheuniversecontains,actuallybeaccelerating.ThisunexpectedrevelationwasmadepossibleinpartbythereleaseofadetailedmapofthecosmologicalmicrowavebackgroundmadebyasatellitecalledtheWilkinsonMicrowaveAnisotropyProbe.Researcherscomparedthatdatawiththepositionofmillionsofgalaxiesalreadychartedbyanotherproject—theongoingSloanDigitalSkySurvey,anambitiouslong-termefforttomapeverydetectableobjectinaverylargesectionofthesky.

Bycombiningandanalyzingthesetwoastronomicaldatabases,itwaspossibletodetectsomethingforwhichitisdifficulttodevise,anappropriatelydescriptiveanalogy,butwhichisbeingreferredtoasakingofshadowthrownbythedarkenergyagainstthebackdropofthecosmicmicrowaveradiation—theremnantsoftheenergyleftbytheBigBangthatsillpermeatetheuniverse.Evencallingitashadowisawoefullyinappropriateandactuallyquitemisleadingdescriptionbecausewhatastronomersaredetectingisinfactmoreluminousthanitssurroundings.

Theavailabilityofthetwodatabasesallowedcomparisonoftheenergyofphotonsthatpassedthroughregionsofspacethatwerecrowdedwithgalaxieswith,thatofphotonsthatencounteredmostlyemptyspaceontheir-journeytowardearth.Hencethisnewevidenceisderivedfromthephysicalprocessesthatactonlightparticles—photons—astheytravelthroughgalaxies.Contrarytowhatwouldbeexpectedintheabsenceofsomekindofrepulsiveforce,thestudyrevealedthattheradiationactuallygainsenergyasitpassesthroughthegravitationalfieldsofgalaxies.Withouttherepulsiveordarkforcetoreenergizetheradiation,itshouldemergefromthegalaxieswithessentiallythesameamountofenergyitenteredwith;havingbeenenergizedwhilemovingtowardthegalaxyandde-energizedbyanequalamountwhilemovingaway.

Inthepresenceoftherepulsiveforcethegalaxyisactuallyinflatedduringtheverylongperiodittakesforaphotontopassthroughit.Asthegalaxybecomeslessdense,itsgravityaffectsthephotontoalesserandlesserdegree.Expressedanotherway,itcanbesaidthatthegravitationalslopetheparticleclimbsuponitswayoutisn’tquiteassteepastheoneitdescendedonitswayin.Theresultisthatthelightparticlehasmarginallymoreenergywhenitleaves.[A]Thedifferenceisminute;onlyaboutonepartinamillion.[B]Researchershadtoscrutinizeahugedatasettodetectit.Theyhadtoexaminephotonstraversingmillionsofgalaxiestohavearealisticchanceofsuccess.[C]Butsucceed,theydid.[D]ThiswasmadepossiblebysheerdiligenceandbytheenormousscopeoftheinformationgatheredbytheSloanSkySurvey.

Whileitistruethatthecontentionsomethingisdrivingtheuniverseapart,hasbeengainingcredibilityonlysinceastronomersbeganmakingthemeasurementsthatfirstindicatedtheexpansionoftheuniversewasspeedingup,itshouldnotbeconcludedfromthisthattheconceptisanewone.NolessavisionarythanAlbertEinsteintheorizedaboutaforcethatwouldaddenergytotheexpansionoftheuniverse;aforcewhichhereferredtoasthecosmologicalconstant.Buttohimitwasnothingmorethanamathematicalconstructhewasforcedtoincludeinhisequationsoutofnecessity.Itwasnotanideaheeverenthusiasticallyembracedorbelievedhadanyparallelinthephysicalworld.Infact,hefrequentlyreferredtoitashisgreatestmistake.Now,itseemsthegreattheoreticianmighthavebeenrightevenwhenhewasmostconvincedhewaswrong.

22.Thewordconvictioninthepassageisclosestinmeaningto（）.

23.Whichofthefollowingstatementsissupportedbyparagraph1ofthepassage?

24.Accordingtothepassage,whathadastronomersthoughtuntilrecently?

25.Thewordrevelationinthepassageisclosestinmeaningto（）.

26.Whichofthesentencesbelowbestexpressestheessentialinformationintheitalicizedsentenceinthepassage?Incorrectchoiceschangethemeaninginimportantwaysorleaveoutessentialinformation.

27.Thewordluminousinthepassageisclosestinmeaningto（）.

28.Accordingtothepassage,whatwouldbetrueiftherepulsiveforcedidnotexist?

29.Accordingtothepassage,whywasinformationfromtheSloanSkySurveysoimportant?

30.Whichofthefollowingdescribesthephotonstheresearchersobserved?

31.Thewordtraversinginthepassageisclosestinmeaningto（）.

32.LookatthefoursquaresmarkedA,B,C,andDthatindicatewherethefollowingsentencecouldbeaddedtothepassage.

Nevertheless,itisjustbarelydetectable,albeitonlywithtremendouseffort.

Wherewouldthesentencebestfit(A,B,C,orD)?

33.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistrueaboutEinstein?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.faith

B.skepticism

C.controversy

D.doubt

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Astronomershavenewinstrumentsthatcandetectthedarkforce.

B.Astronomershavetoinfertheexistenceofthedarkforce.

C.Astronomersnowunderstandwhatthedarkforceis.

D.Astronomersarestilldividedonthequestionoftheexistenceofthedarkforce.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theuniversewascontracting.

B.Thesizeoftheuniversewasconstant.

C.Theexpansionoftheuniversewasdecelerating.

D.Theuniversealternatelyexpandedandcontracted.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.debate

B.compromise

C.referral

D.discovery

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Itisdifficulttofindananalogythatcandescribethedarkenergyfoundbycombingthetwodatabases—energythatwasleftbehindbytheBigBang—buttheclosestwecancomeistocallitasortofshadowagainstthebackgroundofthecosmicmicrowaveradiation.

B.Itwasonlythroughtheintegrationofthetwosetsofinformationthatthedarkenergy—somethingthatisverydifficulttodescribeadequatelythroughanalogy—couldbeseenasashadowoverlayingthecosmicbackgroundradiationwhichisleftoverfromtheBigBangandisseeneverywhereintheuniverse.

C.Darkenergyisnotsomethingthatiseasilydescribedbyanalogy,butwhenthetwoastronomicaldatasetswerecombineditappearedtobeverymuchliketheshadowofthecosmicbackgroundradiationleftbytheBigBang,andwhichisvisiblethroughouttheuniverse.

D.Byputtingbothdatabasestogether,astronomerswereabletocomeupwithananalogytodescribethedarkenergy,whichisactuallysimilartoashadowseeagainstthecosmicbackgroundradiationremainingfromtheBigBangthatstillfillstheuniverse.

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.radiant

B.obscured

C.dispersed

D.concentric

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.Galaxieswouldbeinflatingasphotonspassedthroughthem.

B.Photonswouldbeunabletopassallthewaythroughgalaxies.

C.Thenetenergychangeofaphotonpassingthroughagalaxywouldbezero.

D.Photonspassingthroughgalaxieswouldlosetoomuchenergytobedetectable.

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.Itwassensitiveenoughtoshowweakenedphotons.

B.Itprovidedahugesamplingofgalaxies.

C.Itshowedgalaxiesthatwereextremelydistant.

D.Itwasgatheredoveralongperiodoftime.

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.Thereweremorethanhadbeenexpected.

B.Manyofthemwereblockedbythegalaxies.

C.Theyhadmoreenergythanhadbeenexpected.

D.Theydidnotinteractwiththegalaxiestheypassedthrough.

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.illuminating

B.heating

C.energizing

D.crossing

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.A

B.B

C.C

D.D

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.Hewasunabletogetotherscientiststoacceptthattherepulsiveforceexist.

B.Hecouldnotacceptthepossibilityofarepulsiveforce.

C.Hisideasledtothediscoveryoftherepulsiveforce.

D.Theexistenceoftherepulsiveforceputsthevalidityofhistheoriesindoubt.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:C

第6題:A

第7題:C

第8題:B

第9題:C

第10題:D

第11題:C

第12題:C

【解析】22.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】語(yǔ)義推測(cè)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“conviction”可以定位到文章第一段第一句Astrophysicistsstudyingthestructureoftheuniversehavefoundnewevidenceforsomethingtheywerebeginningtosuspectwithincreasingconvictioninrecentyears—theexistenceofamysterious,repulsiveforcethatappearstobeacceleratingtheexpansionoftheuniverse.（研究宇宙結(jié)構(gòu)的天體物理學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)了新的證據(jù)，證明了他們近年來(lái)開(kāi)始越來(lái)越確信的一些事情——一種神秘的、排斥力的存在，似乎正在加速宇宙的膨脹。），說(shuō)明“conviction”在文中指的是“確信、相信”的意思。因此A選項(xiàng)“信念”正確。B選項(xiàng)“懷疑主義”，C選項(xiàng)“爭(zhēng)論”，D選項(xiàng)“疑惑”均不符合題意，所以B，C，D錯(cuò)誤。

23.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段倒數(shù)第一、二句Theyhavelabeleditthe“darkforce”,inalllikelihoodbecauseithasremainedhiddenfromobservationuntilnow.Forthatmatter,itstillremainshiddentodirectdetection.（他們將其稱為“暗力”，很可能是因?yàn)槠駷橹顾恢蔽幢话l(fā)現(xiàn)。就此而言，它仍然是隱藏的，無(wú)法直接檢測(cè)。），說(shuō)明暗力不能直接被觀測(cè)到，而是由天文學(xué)家通過(guò)其他證據(jù)推斷出來(lái)的。因此B選項(xiàng)“天文學(xué)家必須推斷出暗力的存在”正確。A選項(xiàng)“天文學(xué)家有新的儀器可以探測(cè)暗力”，C選項(xiàng)“天文學(xué)家現(xiàn)在明白了暗力是什么”，D選項(xiàng)“天文學(xué)家對(duì)暗力的存在問(wèn)題仍有分歧”在文中均沒(méi)有提及，所以A，C，D錯(cuò)誤。

24.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第二段第二句itoccurredtonooneuntilmuchmorerecentlythattheexpansionmight,insteadofbeingslowedbythemutualgravitationalattractionofallthemattertheuniversecontains,actuallybeaccelerating.（直到最近才有人意識(shí)到，膨脹可能是在加速，而不是被宇宙所包含的所有物質(zhì)的相互引力所吸引而減慢。），說(shuō)明在這之前天文學(xué)家還在認(rèn)為宇宙膨脹是減速的。因此C選項(xiàng)“宇宙的膨脹是減速的”正確。A選項(xiàng)“宇宙正在收縮”，B選項(xiàng)“宇宙的大小是恒定的”，D選項(xiàng)“宇宙交替地膨脹和收縮”均不符合原文的表述，所以A，B，D錯(cuò)誤。

25.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】詞義推測(cè)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“revelation”可以定位到文章第二段第三句ThisunexpectedrevelationwasmadepossibleinpartbythereleaseofadetailedmapofthecosmologicalmicrowavebackgroundmadebyasatellitecalledtheWilkinsonMicrowaveAnisotropyProbe.（這個(gè)意外的發(fā)現(xiàn)在某種程度上是由于威爾金森微波各向異性探測(cè)器衛(wèi)星繪制的宇宙微波背景詳細(xì)地圖的發(fā)布。），說(shuō)明“revelation”在文中是指“發(fā)現(xiàn)”的意思。因此D選項(xiàng)“發(fā)現(xiàn)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“辯論”，B選項(xiàng)“妥協(xié)”，C選項(xiàng)“介紹”均不符合題意，所以A，B，C錯(cuò)誤。

26.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段第一句Bycombiningandanalyzingthesetwoastronomicaldatabases,itwaspossibletodetectsomethingforwhichitisdifficulttodevise,anappropriatelydescriptiveanalogy,butwhichisbeingreferredtoasakingofshadowthrownbythedarkenergyagainstthebackdropofthecosmicmicrowaveradiation—theremnantsoftheenergyleftbytheBigBangthatsillpermeatetheuniverse.（通過(guò)結(jié)合和分析這兩個(gè)天文數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，我們有可能發(fā)現(xiàn)一些難以設(shè)計(jì)的東西，一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)拿枋鲂灶惐龋撬徽J(rèn)為是暗能量在宇宙微波輻射的背景下投射出的陰影之王——宇宙大爆炸留下的殘余能量彌漫在宇宙中。），說(shuō)明很難用恰當(dāng)?shù)念惐葋?lái)描述暗能量，但被認(rèn)為是在宇宙微波輻射的背景下投射出的陰影，這種能量彌漫在宇宙中。因此C選項(xiàng)“暗能量不是一個(gè)容易用類比來(lái)描述的東西，但是當(dāng)兩個(gè)天文數(shù)據(jù)集結(jié)合在一起時(shí)，它似乎非常像宇宙大爆炸留下的宇宙背景輻射的陰影，而且在整個(gè)宇宙中都是可見(jiàn)的”正確。A選項(xiàng)“我們很難找到一個(gè)類比來(lái)描述通過(guò)結(jié)合兩個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)發(fā)現(xiàn)的暗能量——宇宙大爆炸遺留下來(lái)的能量——但我們能找到的最接近的類比是把它稱為宇宙微波輻射背景下的一種陰影”，由原文可知，宇宙大爆炸遺留下來(lái)的不是暗能量，而是宇宙微波輻射，所以A錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“只有通過(guò)整合這兩組信息，暗能量這一很難通過(guò)類比來(lái)充分描述的東西，才能被視為覆蓋著宇宙背景輻射的陰影，宇宙背景輻射是大爆炸遺留下來(lái)的，在宇宙中隨處可見(jiàn)?！?，原文沒(méi)有說(shuō)只有通過(guò)整合這兩組數(shù)據(jù)信息才能描述暗能量，所以B錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“通過(guò)把這兩個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)結(jié)合在一起，天文學(xué)家能夠想出一個(gè)類比來(lái)描述暗能量，暗能量實(shí)際上類似于宇宙大爆炸遺留下來(lái)的宇宙背景輻射的陰影”，宇宙大爆炸遺留下來(lái)的宇宙背景輻射的陰影并不是一種類比，所以D錯(cuò)誤。

27.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】語(yǔ)義推測(cè)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“l(fā)uminous”可以定位到文章第三段最后一句Evencallingitashadowisawoefullyinappropriateandactuallyquitemisleadingdescriptionbecausewhatastronomersaredetectingisinfactmoreluminousthanitssurroundings.（甚至稱它為陰影都是非常不恰當(dāng)?shù)?，而且這種描述還相當(dāng)具有誤導(dǎo)性，因?yàn)樘煳膶W(xué)家探測(cè)到的東西實(shí)際上比它周圍的環(huán)境更明亮。），說(shuō)明“l(fā)uminous”在文中指的是“明亮”的意思，和前文的“陰影”相對(duì)。因此A選項(xiàng)“發(fā)光”正確。B選項(xiàng)“遮蔽”，C選項(xiàng)“分散”，D選項(xiàng)“同心”均不符合題意，所以B，C，D錯(cuò)誤。

28.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第四段最后一句Withouttherepulsiveordarkforcetoreenergizetheradiation,itshouldemergefromthegalaxieswithessentiallythesameamountofenergyitenteredwith;havingbeenenergizedwhilemovingtowardthegalaxyandde-energizedbyanequalamountwhilemovingaway.（如果沒(méi)有排斥力或暗力使輻射重新獲得能量，它從星系中出來(lái)時(shí)的能量與進(jìn)入時(shí)的能量基本相同；在向星系移動(dòng)時(shí)被賦予了能量，而在遠(yuǎn)離時(shí)則被減弱了同等的能量。），說(shuō)明如果沒(méi)有排斥力，光子進(jìn)出星系時(shí)的能量就不會(huì)變化。因此C選項(xiàng)“光子通過(guò)星系時(shí)的凈能量變化將為零”正確。A選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)光子通過(guò)星系時(shí)，星系會(huì)膨脹”，B選項(xiàng)“光子將無(wú)法全部通過(guò)星系”，D選項(xiàng)“通過(guò)星系的光子會(huì)失去太多的能量而無(wú)法被探測(cè)到”在文中均沒(méi)有提及，所以A，B，D錯(cuò)誤。

29.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章倒數(shù)第二段倒數(shù)第一、三句Theyhadtoexaminephotonstraversingmillionsofgalaxiestohavearealisticchanceofsuccess…ThiswasmadepossiblebysheerdiligenceandbytheenormousscopeoftheinformationgatheredbytheSloanSkySurvey.（他們必須檢測(cè)穿越數(shù)百萬(wàn)個(gè)星系的光子，以獲得實(shí)際的成功機(jī)會(huì)……這是由于斯隆數(shù)字巡天計(jì)劃所收集到的大量信息和純粹的勤奮才得以實(shí)現(xiàn)的。），說(shuō)明斯隆數(shù)字巡天計(jì)劃所收集了數(shù)百萬(wàn)個(gè)星系的位置信息，提供了大量的樣本。因此B選項(xiàng)“提供了巨大的星系樣本”正確。A選項(xiàng)“足夠敏感，可以顯示出被削弱的光子”，C選項(xiàng)“顯示了極其遙遠(yuǎn)的星系”，D選項(xiàng)“是在很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間內(nèi)收集的”在文中均沒(méi)有提及，所以A，C，D錯(cuò)誤。

30.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第四段第三句Contrarytowhatwouldbeexpectedintheabsenceofsomekindofrepulsiveforce,thestudyrevealedthattheradiationactuallygainsenergyasitpassesthroughthegravitationalfieldsofgalaxies.（與在沒(méi)有某種排斥力的情況下所預(yù)期的相反，這項(xiàng)研究揭示了輻射在通過(guò)星系的引力場(chǎng)時(shí)實(shí)際上獲得了能量。），說(shuō)明研究人員觀察到的光子比預(yù)期獲得了更多能量。因此C選項(xiàng)“它們的能量比預(yù)期的要多”正確。A選項(xiàng)“比預(yù)期的要多”，B選項(xiàng)“許多光子被星系擋住了”，D選項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有與它們所經(jīng)過(guò)的星系相互作用”在文中均沒(méi)有提及，所以A，B，D錯(cuò)誤。

31.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】詞義推測(cè)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“traversing”可以定位到文章倒數(shù)第二段倒數(shù)第三句Theyhadtoexaminephotonstraversingmillionsofgalaxiestohavearealisticchanceofsuccess.（他們必須檢測(cè)穿越數(shù)百萬(wàn)個(gè)星系的光子，以獲得實(shí)際的成功機(jī)會(huì)。），說(shuō)明“traversing”在文中是指“穿越、通過(guò)”的意思。因此D選項(xiàng)“穿過(guò)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“照亮”，B選項(xiàng)“加熱”，C選項(xiàng)“通電”均不符合題意，所以A，B，C錯(cuò)誤。

32.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干中的句子Nevertheless,itisjustbarelydetectable,albeitonlywithtremendouseffort.（但是，盡管付出了巨大的努力，但它幾乎是無(wú)法檢測(cè)到的。）講的是檢測(cè)十分困難，C處前文說(shuō)到必須要檢測(cè)穿越數(shù)百萬(wàn)個(gè)星系的光子，后文表達(dá)了轉(zhuǎn)折，但是成功了，那么中間應(yīng)該表達(dá)檢測(cè)的困難。因此該句放在C處最合適。

33.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章最后一段第二句AlbertEinsteintheorizedaboutaforcethatwouldaddenergytotheexpansionoftheuniverse（阿爾伯特?愛(ài)因斯坦建立了一種力的理論，這種力會(huì)給宇宙的膨脹增加能量），說(shuō)明愛(ài)因斯坦的理論為排斥力的發(fā)現(xiàn)奠定了基礎(chǔ)。因此C選項(xiàng)“他的理論導(dǎo)致了排斥力的發(fā)現(xiàn)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“他無(wú)法讓其他科學(xué)家接受排斥力的存在”，B選項(xiàng)“他不能接受排斥力存在的可能性”，D選項(xiàng)“排斥力的存在使他理論的正確性受到懷疑”在文中均沒(méi)有提及，所以A，B，D錯(cuò)誤。

5.單選題

Themoonisnotaplanet（）theplanetsinmanyrespects.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.resembling

B.whichresembles

C.butresemblanceto

D.althoughitresembles

【答案】D

【解析】語(yǔ)法題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞not和inmanyrespect可知此句句意為：盡管月球在許多方面與行星相似，但它不是行星。因此D項(xiàng)符合句意和語(yǔ)法。

6.單選題

Televisionhasbecomesuchapopularinformationmediumthat（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.alotofmagazinesandnewspapershavegonebroke

B.loadsofmagazinesandnewspaperscannotcompetewell

C.manymagazinesandnewspapersdonotgetreadbyverymanypeopleanymore

D.manymagazinesandnewspapershavelostmostoftheirreaders

【答案】D

【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。題干句意為：電視已經(jīng)成為這樣一種受歡迎的信息媒介以至于……。題干用的是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，因此空格處也應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響。故排除B和C。而A項(xiàng)“許多雜志和報(bào)紙破產(chǎn)了”過(guò)于絕對(duì)，因此無(wú)論從句意還是從時(shí)態(tài)上來(lái)說(shuō)，D項(xiàng)“許多雜志和報(bào)紙失去了大部分讀者”正確。

7.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Obesitygenerallyisdefinedasanaccumulationoffat(adiposetissue)beyondwhatisconsiderednormalforaperson’sage,sex,andbodytype.Intoday’ssocietyobesityisconsideredasadisease,notamoralfailing.Itoccurswhenenergyintakeexceedstheamountofenergyexpendedovertime.Onlyinasmallminorityofcasesisobesitycausedbysuchillnessesashypothyroidism,ortheresultoftakingmedications,suchassteroids,thatcancauseweightgain.

Themoreapersonweighs,themorebloodvesselsthebodyneedstocirculatebloodthroughoutthebody.Thehearttakesonaheavyburdenasithastopumphardertoforcethebloodflowthroughsomanyvessels.Asaresult,theheartgrowsinsizeandbloodpressuretendstorise.Obesityisalsoafactorinosteoarthritis(becauseoftheextraweightplacedonjoints),gout,boneandjointdiseases(includingrupturedintervertebraldiscs),varicoseveins,respiratoryailments,andgallbladderdisease,complicationsduringpregnancyanddelivery,andhigheraccidentaldeathrate.

Obesitycanalterhormonelevels,affectimmunefunction,andcauseimpotenceinmenandreproductiveproblemsinwomen.Womenwhoare30%overweightaretwiceaslikelytodieofendometrialcancer,andthosewhoare40%overweighthavefourtimestherisk.Obesewomenalsoaremorelikelytoincurcancersofthebreast,cervix,ovaries,andgallbladder.Obesemenaremorelikelytodevelopcancersoftherectum,colon,esophagus,bladder,pancreas,stomach,andprostate.

Obesitycanalsocausepsychologicalproblems.Sufferersareassociatedwithlaziness,failure,orinadequatewillpower.Asaresult,overweightmenandwomenblamethemselvesforbeingheavy,thuscausingfeelingsofguiltanddepression.

ScientificevidencehasfoundanassociationbetweenMBI(body-massindex)andhigherdeathrates.However,therelativeriskofbeingheavydeclineswithage.Someresearchershavefoundthatdatalinkingoverweightanddeathareinconclusive,whileotherresearchershavefoundthatlosingweightmayberiskierthandangersposedbyextrapounds.Someresearcherscounterthatoverweightindirectlycontributestoover300,000deathsayear.

ApollbyShapeupAmericafoundthat78%ofoverweightorobeseadultshaveabandoneddietingasameansoflosingweight.Dietsdonotteachpeoplehowtoeatproperly.Theymerelyrestrictfoodintaketemporarily,sowhenthedietends,weightgainresumes.

11.Whichofthefollowingexpressesthemainideaofthispassage?

12.Accordingtothepassage,（）

13.Accordingtothepassage,whydoesdietingnotresultinpermanentweightloss?

14.WhichofthefollowingisimpliedinParagraph5?

15.Whichofthefollowingcanbeconcludedfromthispassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Obesityputsaburdenontheheart.

B.Manypeopleareconstantlydieting.

C.Obesityisconsideredtobeadisease.

D.Obesitycanleadtomanyhealthproblems.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Obesityisoftenrelatedtomedications