2022年考研考博-考博英語-中國傳媒大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號79

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-中國傳媒大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Thisrockhastobe（）inordertobuildaroad.

問題1選項

A.explored

B.blasted

C.hired

D.maintained

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項explore“探索；探測”；B選項blast“爆炸；損害”；C選項hire“租用；聘用”；D選項maintain“維持；繼續(xù)；維修”。句意：為了修路，必須炸掉這塊巖石。根據(jù)“為了修路”可知，B符合題意。

2.單選題

TheheadoftheMuseumwas（）andletusactuallyexaminetheancientmanuscripts.

問題1選項

A.promising

B.agreeing

C.pleasing

D.obliging

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項promising表示“有希望的；有前途的”，B選項agreeing表示“贊成，同意”，C選項pleasing表示“令人高興的，合意的”，D選項obliging表示“親切友善的，樂于助人的”。由后文可知，博物館負(fù)責(zé)人讓我們查閱了那些古代的手抄本，所以他應(yīng)該是親切友善的，故本題正確答案為D選項。

3.單選題

Theengineersinthislabspentseveralweeks（）theirplansforthenewbicycle.

問題1選項

A.counting

B.stripping

C.elaborating

D.casting

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項count“計數(shù)，計算”。B選項strip“剝奪，剝?nèi)ァ?。C選項elaborate“精心制作，詳細闡述”。D選項cast“投，拋”。句意：這個實驗室的工程師們花了幾個星期的時間來詳細制定他們的新自行車計劃。根據(jù)句意可知，C項正確。

4.單選題

Musclesmay（）orlosetheirtone,buttheywon’tturntofat.

問題1選項

A.concentrate

B.atrophy

C.condense

D.astrogate

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項concentrate“集中；濃縮”；B選項atrophy“萎縮；虛脫”；C選項condense“使?jié)饪s；使壓縮”；D選項astrogate“操縱；航天”。句意：肌肉可能萎縮或失去彈性，但是它們不能變成脂肪。并列連詞or連接空格處和“失去彈性”，因此此題選B。

5.單選題

Thelightistoo（）formetoread.Icannotstandanymore.

問題1選項

A.rid

B.ripe

C.soup

D.dim

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項rid“得到解脫的”；B選項ripe“熟的，成熟的”；C選項soup“使振作;打扮”；D選項dim“暗淡的，昏暗的”。句意：光線太昏暗我沒法看書。我再也受不了了。根據(jù)后半句句意“我再也受不了了”可知，D符合題意。

6.單選題

Sinceyouareastudent,youmust（）bytheschooldiscipline.

問題1選項

A.conform

B.stand

C.abide

D.sustain

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。conform“符合，遵守”，一般和介詞to或with搭配；stand“站立”，后接介詞by意為“袖手旁觀”；abide“容忍，遵守”，后接介詞by意為“遵守，信守，承擔(dān)……的后果”；sustain“維持，支撐”，是及物動詞。句中所表達的意思是學(xué)生要遵守學(xué)校的紀(jì)律，所以選項C正確。

7.單選題

（）itornot,Manchesterwasthehomeofthemostproductivecottonmillsintheworld.

問題1選項

A.Believe

B.Believing

C.Tobelieve

D.Believed

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞用法。believeitornot其實是口語里常用的句子，是個省略的句子，完整表達為(Whetheryou)believeitornot。A選項正確。

8.單選題

Thecarwasingoodworking（）whenIboughtitafewmonthsago.

問題1選項

A.order

B.form

C.state

D.circumstance

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項order表示“條理，順序，命令”，B選項form表示“形態(tài)，方式，外形，表格”，C選項state表示“狀態(tài)，狀況”，D選項circumstance表示“情況，環(huán)境，經(jīng)濟狀況”。

由句意可知，我?guī)讉€月前買這輛車時候，它的運作狀態(tài)還是很好的。短語ingoodorder表示“性能良好”；而ingoodform表示“很健康、高興，狀態(tài)佳”，常用來形容人；其余選項則沒有這樣的搭配。因此，本題正確答案為A選項。

9.單選題

Werarelyperceivemorethanaminute（）ofthesightsandsoundsthatfalluponourorgans;thegreatmajoritypassesusby.

問題1選項

A.fraction

B.fiction

C.function

D.friction

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項fraction表示“分?jǐn)?shù)，部分，小部分”，B選項fiction表示“小說，編造，謊言”，C選項function表示“功能，運轉(zhuǎn)，函數(shù)”，D選項friction表示“摩擦，摩擦力”。根據(jù)句意可知，我們僅僅察覺到偶然觸及我們感官的一小部分光和聲音；而大部分已經(jīng)過去了。空缺處單詞與后文中的thegreatmajority形成對比，形容光和聲音的一小部分，因此，只有A項符合語境。故本題正確答案為A選項。

10.單選題

Itwasfoundthatjobapplicantswhomakemoreeyecontactare（）asmorealert,dependable,confidentandresponsible.

問題1選項

A.referred

B.perceived

C.recommended

D.presumed

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。refer“參考，涉及"；perceive“理解，認(rèn)知”;recommend“推薦，介紹”;presume“假定，推測”。句意：研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些有更多眼神交流的求職者會給人更機警、可靠、自信、負(fù)責(zé)的印象。選項B符合題意。

11.單選題

Hemadearough（）ofthefirstfloorofthatbuilding,showinguswherehisofficewaslocated.

問題1選項

A.painting

B.illustration

C.drawing

D.sketch

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項painting“繪畫，油畫”。B選項illustration“插圖，例證”。C選項drawing“繪畫，繪圖”。D選項sketch“略圖，素描”。句意：他畫了一幅大樓一樓的草圖，告訴我們他的辦公室在哪里。因此D選項符合題意。

12.單選題

Theyarewell（）witheachothersincetheyoncestudiedatthesameuniversity.

問題1選項

A.identified

B.recognized

C.acquainted

D.acknowledged

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。beidentifiedwith表示“支持；與……有密切相關(guān)”；recognize表示“承認(rèn)，認(rèn)可”，常與as構(gòu)成固定搭配berecognizedas表示“被認(rèn)為，被當(dāng)作”，有時也與with構(gòu)成搭配berecognizedwith表示“被識別出，被承認(rèn)”；beacquaintedwith表示“了解；知曉（某事）；熟悉”，beacknowledgedwith表示“被承認(rèn)，被認(rèn)可”。根據(jù)句意可知，因為他們曾經(jīng)在同所大學(xué)中學(xué)習(xí)過，所以彼此很熟悉。此時since引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，因此，只有C項最符合固定搭配以及句意，故本題正確答案為C選項。

13.單選題

Adynamiceconomyisfoundedonthe（）ofentrepreneurs,whichisrewardedbyprofit.

問題1選項

A.perspiration

B.desperation

C.respiration

D.aspiration

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。perspiration“汗水，努力”；desperation“絕望的境地，不顧一切拼命”；respiration“呼吸”；aspiration“渴望，抱負(fù)”。句意：一個充滿活力的經(jīng)濟是建立在企業(yè)家的抱負(fù)之上的，而這是通過利潤來回報的。選項D更符合語境。

14.單選題

Theyoungemployeehasa(n)（）quality—heistotallyhonest.

問題1選項

A.respectable

B.admirable

C.decent

D.approachable

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項respectable“值得尊敬的人；相當(dāng)數(shù)量的”；B選項admirable“令人欽佩的；極好的；值得贊揚的”；C選項decent“正派的；得體的；相當(dāng)好的”；D選項approachable“親切友善的；易理解的；可接近的”。句意：這個年輕的雇員有一個……品質(zhì)——他完全誠實。雖然respectable和admirable都是褒義詞，但均帶有仰視的含義，而本題提及的是一個youngemployee具有的品質(zhì)，不需要仰視，就用C選項decent修飾足以。

15.單選題

Theindustrialcommunityshouldbecloseenoughtothecrowdedcentersbutdistantenoughtoreduce（）hazards.

問題1選項

A.feasible

B.active

C.substantial

D.potential

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項feasible“可行的；可能的;”；B選項active“積極的；活躍的”；C選項substantial“大量的；實質(zhì)的”；D選項potential“潛在的，可能的”。句意:工業(yè)區(qū)應(yīng)該離擁擠的中心足夠近，但要足夠遠，以減少潛在的危險。所選之詞應(yīng)修飾hazards(危險)，而且其意應(yīng)為“潛在的或可能發(fā)生的”危險。故選D。

16.單選題

Thejudge（）themurderertotwentyyearsinprison.

問題1選項

A.required

B.determined

C.indicated

D.sentenced

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項required“要求，命令”；B選項determine“決定，確定”。C選項indicate“表明，指出”。D選項sentence“宣判，判決”。句意：法官判處殺人犯20年監(jiān)禁。本句表示“對殺人犯進行宣判”。因此D選項符合題意。

17.單選題

Itisimpossibleforusto（）suchadifficulttaskwithinthelimitedtime.

問題1選項

A.fuel

B.frown

C.fulfill

D.frost

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項fuel“供以燃料，推動”。B選項frown“皺眉，不同意”。C選項fulfill“履行，完成”。D選項frost“結(jié)霜，凍壞”。句意：我們不可能在有限的時間內(nèi)完成如此艱巨的任務(wù)。因此C選項符合題意。

18.單選題

Manyanimalshave（）thathelpthemescapefromtheirenemies.Thecoatsofsomeanimalsarecoloredtoadapttoitssurroundings.

問題1選項

A.adaptations

B.acquisitions

C.adjustments

D.additions

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。adaptation“適應(yīng)”;acquisition“獲得，收購”;adjustment“調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)”；addition“添加，增加”。that后面是一個定語從句，用來修飾空格處的名詞，“幫助它們逃脫敵人”，由此可知選項A符合題意。句意：很多動物具有適應(yīng)性，能夠幫助它們逃脫敵人。有些動物的皮毛能夠適應(yīng)周邊環(huán)境而變色。

19.翻譯題

GenerationJoblessThenumberofyoungpeopleoutofworkgloballyisnearlyasbigasthepopulationoftheUnitedStates

"YOUNGpeopleoughtnottobeidle.Itisverybadforthem,"saidMargaretThatcherin1984.Shewasright:therearefewworsethingsthatsocietycandotoitsyoungthantoleavetheminlimbo.

1.Thosewhostarttheircareersonthedolearemorelikelytohavelowerwagesandmorespellsofjoblessnesslaterinlife,becausetheyloseoutonthechancetoacquireskillsandself-confidenceintheirformativeyears.

Yetmoreyoungpeopleareidlethanever.OECDfiguressuggestthat26m15-to24-year-oidsindevelopedcountriesarenotinemployment,educationortraining;thenumberofyoungpeoplewithoutajobhasrisenby30%since2007.TheInternationalLabourOrganisationreportsthat75myoungpeoplegloballyarelookingforajob.WorldBanksurveyssuggestthat262myoungpeopleinemergingmarketsareeconomicallyinactive.Dependingonhowyoumeasurethem,thenumberofyoungpeoplewithoutajobisnearlyaslargeasthepopulationofAmerica(311m).

2.Twofactorsplayabigpart.First,thelongslowdownintheWesthasreduceddemandforlabour,anditiseasiertoputoffhiringyoungpeoplethanitistofireolderworkers.Second,inemergingeconomiespopulationgrowthisfastestincountrieswithdysfunctionallabourmarkets,suchasIndiaandEgypt.

Theresultisan"areofunemployment",fromsouthernEuropethroughnorthAfricaandtheMiddleEasttoSouthAsia,wheretherichworld'srecessionmeetsthepoorworld'syouthquake.TheangeroftheyoungjoblesshasalreadyburstontothestreetsintheMiddleEast.Violentcrime,generallyindeclineintherichworld,isrisinginSpain,ItalyandPortugal—countrieswithstartlinglyhighyouthunemployment.

Willgrowthgivethemajob?

Themostobviouswaytotacklethisproblemistoreignitegrowth.Thatiseasiersaidthandoneinaworldplaguedbydebt,andisanywayonlyapartialanswer.Thecountrieswheretheproblemisworst(suchasSpainandEgypt)sufferedfromhighyouthunemploymentevenwhentheireconomiesweregrowing.

3.Throughouttherecessioncompanieshavecontinuedtocomplainthattheycannotfindyoungpeoplewiththefightskills.Thisunderlinestheimportanceoftwoothersolutions:reforminglabourmarketsandimprovingeducation.Thesearefamiliarprescriptions,butonesthatneedtobedeliveredwithbothanewvigourandanewtwist.

Youthunemploymentisoftenatitsworstincountrieswithrigidlabourmarkets.Cartelisedindustries,hightaxesonhiring,strictrulesaboutfiring,highminimumwages:allthesehelpcondemnyoungpeopletothestreetcomer.SouthAfricahassomeofthehighestunemploymentsouthoftheSahara,inpartbecauseithaspowerfultradeunionsandrigidrulesabouthiringandfiring.Manycountriesintheareofyouthunemploymenthavehighminimumwagesandheavytaxesonlabour.Indiahasaround200lawsonworkandpay.

Deregulatinglabourmarketsisthuscentraltotacklingyouthunemployment.Butitwillnotbeenoughonitsown.Britainhasaflexiblelabourmarketandhighyouthunemployment.Incountrieswithbetterrecords,governmentstendtotakeamoreactiveroleinfindingjobsforthosewhoarestruggling.Germany,whichhasthesecond-lowestlevelofyouthunemploymentintherichworld,paysaproportionofthewagesofthelongtermunemployedforthefirsttwoyears.TheNordiccountriesprovideyoungpeoplewith"personalisedplans"togetthemintoemploymentortraining.ButthesepoliciesaretooexpensivetoreproduceinsouthernEurope,withtheirmillionsofunemployed,letalonetheemergingworld.

4.Acheaperapproachistoreformlabour-hungrybitsoftheeconomv—forexample,bymakingiteasierforsmallbusinessestogetlicences,orconstructioncompaniestogetapprovalforprojects,orshopstostayopenintheevening.

ThegraduateglutAcrosstheOECD,peoplewholeftschoolattheearliestopportunityaretwiceaslikelytobeunemployedasuniversitygraduates.Butitisunwisetoconcludethatgovernmentsshouldsimplycontinuewiththeestablishedpolicyofboostingthenumberofpeoplewhograduatefromuniversity.InbothBritainandtheUnitedStatesmanypeoplewithexpensiveliberal-artsdegreesarefindingitimpossibletogetdecentjobs.InnorthAfricauniversitygraduatesaretwiceaslikelytobeunemployedasnon-graduates.

5.Whatmattersisnotjustnumberofyearsofeducationpeopleget,butitscontent.Thismeansexpandingthestudyofscienceandtechnologyandclosingthegapbetweentheworldofeducationandtheworldofwork—forexamplebyupgradingvocationalandtechnicaleducationandbyforgingcloserrelationsbetweencompaniesandschools.Germany’slong-establishedsystemofvocationalschoolingandapprenticeshipsdoesjustthat.Othercountriesarefollowingsuit:SouthKoreahasintroduced“meister”schools,Singaporehasboostedtechnicalcolleges,andBritainisexpandingapprenticeshipsandtryingtoimprovetechnicaleducation.

Closingthegapwillalsorequireachangeofattitudefrombusiness.Somecompanies,rangingfromIBMandRolls-RoycetoMcDonald’sandPremierInn,arerevampingtheirtrainingprogrammes,butthefearthatemployeeswillbepoacheddiscouragesfirmsfrominvestingintheyoung.Therearewaysofgettingaroundtheproblem:groupsofemployerscanco-operatewithcollegestodesigntrainingcourses,forexample.6.Technologyisalsoreducingthecostoftraining:programmesdesignedaroundcomputergamescangiveyoungsterssomevirtualexperience,andonlinecoursescanhelpapprenticescombineon-the-jobtrainingwithacademicinstruction.

Theproblemofyouthunemploymenthasbeengettingworseforseveralyears.Butthereareatlastsomereasonsforhope.7.Governmentsaretryingtoaddressthemismatchbetweeneducationandthelabourmarket.Companiesarebeginningtotakemoreresponsibilityforinvestingintheyoung.Andtechnologyishelpingdemocratiseeducationandtraining.Theworldhasarealchanceofintroducinganeducation-and-trainingrevolutionworthyofthescaleoftheproblem.

【答案】1.那些靠救濟金過活的人工資更低，人生后期也會經(jīng)歷更多次的失業(yè)，因為他們在性格形成期已經(jīng)失去了獲得技能和自信的機會。

2.有兩個因素起了很大作用。首先，西方的長期放緩生產(chǎn)速度減少了對勞動力的需求，年輕人比老員工更容易被解雇。其次，在新興經(jīng)濟體中，勞動力市場功能失調(diào)的國家，如印度和埃及，人口增長卻最快。

3.有些公司經(jīng)歷了衰退的整個過程，卻仍然抱怨找不到合適的年輕技術(shù)工人。這強調(diào)了另外兩個解決方案的重要性：改革勞動力市場和改善教育。這些措施廣為人知，但是要做出這些改革，還需要新的勇氣和新策略。

4.更廉價的方法是改革經(jīng)濟中急需勞動力的企業(yè)——例如，簡化小型企業(yè)的注冊程序，簡化建筑公司招標(biāo)的審批程序，讓商店更容易地在晚上照常營業(yè)等等。

5.重要的不僅是人們受教育的年限，還有教育的內(nèi)容。這意味著擴大科技研究，縮小理論教育和實際用工之間的差距。比如，可以通過升級職業(yè)教育和技術(shù)教育，將學(xué)校和公司更緊密地聯(lián)系起來等等方式加以實現(xiàn)。

6.應(yīng)用技術(shù)也可以減少培訓(xùn)成本：可將培訓(xùn)設(shè)計成電腦游戲，從而讓年輕人得到虛擬體驗。同時，在線課程可以幫助學(xué)徒把在職培訓(xùn)內(nèi)容與大學(xué)課程融合起來。

7.政府正努力解決教育和勞動力市場之間的不匹配問題。公司開始在投資年輕人方面承擔(dān)起更多的責(zé)任。應(yīng)用某些技術(shù)也有助于推行教育和培訓(xùn)的民主化。

20.單選題

Generallyspeaking,oldpeopleareusuallymore（）thanyoungpeople.

問題1選項

A.destructive

B.progressive

C.conservative

D.constructive

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項destructive“破壞的；毀滅性的”；B選項progressive“進步的；先進的”；C選項conservative“保守的”；D選項constructive“建設(shè)性的；推定的”。句意：通常來講，老年人比年輕人更……。綜合句意及選項判斷可知，此處應(yīng)表示老年人比年輕人“保守”，C選項正確。

21.單選題

Ijustlearntfrom’'InterculturalEducation"coursethatanEnglishmanseldom（）aconversationamongstrangers.

問題1選項

A.breaksdown

B.givesriseto

C.initiates

D.resumes

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞和詞組。A選項breakdown表示“分解，發(fā)生故障”，B選項giveriseto表示“使發(fā)生，引起”，C選項initiates表示“啟動，開始”，D選項resume表示“重新開始，重新回到，重新占用”。由句意可知，我剛從“跨文化教育”課程中了解到，英國人很少與陌生人對話。空缺處單詞需與conversation構(gòu)成動賓短語，表示“發(fā)起會話”，因此只有initiate最符合語境，故本題正確答案為C選項。

22.單選題

Inthereadinglesson,theteacheraskedthestudentstoreadafew（）fromHemingway’snovelAFarewelltoArms.

問題1選項

A.pieces

B.essays

C.fragments

D.extracts

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項piece表示“片，段；部件；文章；作品”，B選項essay表示“散文；隨筆；短文”，C選項fragment表示“片段，碎片，（文藝作品等）未完成的部分”，D選項extract表示“摘錄，引文”。根據(jù)后文關(guān)鍵詞fromHemingway'snovelAFarewelltoArms可知，老師要求學(xué)生讀的是海明威小說《永別了武器》中的摘錄，因此，本題正確答案為D選項。

23.單選題

Thethievesfledwiththelocalpolicecloseontheir（）.

問題1選項

A.backs

B.necks

C.toes

D.heels

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。onone’sheels是固定短語，意思是“緊隨其后”。選項D符合題意。句意：小偷到處逃竄，當(dāng)?shù)鼐旄F追不舍。

24.單選題

Thelittlegirlcouldnot（）hercuriositytoseewhatwasinthebox.

問題1選項

A.abstain

B.refrain

C.restrain

D.prevent

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項abstain“棄權(quán)；避免”；B選項refrain“節(jié)制；避免；制止”；C選項restrain“抑制；約束；制止”；D選項prevent“預(yù)防；阻止”。句意：小女孩……不住她的好奇心，想看看盒子里有什么。與“好奇心”搭配時選用C選項“抑制”更合適。

25.單選題

ThetrainwaswhirlingonwardwithsuchdignityofmotionthataglancefromthewindowseemedsimplytoprovethatplainsofTexaswerepouringeastward.Vastflatsofgreengrass,dull-huedspacesofmesquiteandcactus,littlegroupsofframehouses,woodsoflightandtendertrees,allweresweepingintotheeast,sweepingoverthehorizon,aprecipice.

AnewlymarriedpairhadboardedthiscoachatSanAntonio.Theman’sfacewasreddenedfrommanydaysinthewindandsun,andadirectresultofhisnewblackclotheswasthathisbrick-coloredhandswereconstantlyperforminginamostconsciousfashion.Fromtimetotimehelookeddownrespectfullyathisattire.Hesatwithahandoneachknee,likeamanwaitinginabarber’sshop.Theglanceshedevotedtootherpassengerswerefurtiveandshy.

Thebridewasnotpretty,norwassheveryyoung.Sheworeadressofbluecashmere,withsmallreservationsofvelvethereandthere,andwithsteelbuttonsabounding.Shecontinuallytwistedherheadtoregardherpuffsleeves,verystiff,andhigh.Theyembarrassedher.Itwasquiteapparentthatshehadcooked,andthatsheexpectedtocook,dutifully.Theblushescausedbythecarelessscrutinyofsomepassengersasshehadenteredthecarwerestrangetoseeuponthisplain,under-classcountenance,whichwasdrawninplacid,almostemotionlesslines.

Theywereevidentlyveryhappy.“Everbeeninaparlor-carbefore?”heasked,smilingwithdelight.

“No.”sheanswered;“Ineverwas.It’sfine,isn’tit?”

“Great!Andthenafterawhilewe’llgoforwardtothedinnerandgetabiglay-out.Freshmealintheworld.Chargeadollar.”

“Oh,dothey?”criedthebride.“Chargeadollar?Why,that’stoomuch—forus—aren’tit,Jack?”

“Northistrip,anyhow,”heansweredbravely.“We’regoingtogothewholething.”

Laterheexplainedtoheraboutthetrains.“Yousee,it’sathousandmilesfromoneendofTexastotheother;andthisrunsrightacrossit,andneverstopsbutfourtimes.”Hehadtheprideofanowner.Hepointedouttoherthedazzlingfittingsofthecoach;andintruthhereyesopenedwiderandshecontemplatedthesea-greenfiguredvelvet,theshiningbrass,silver,andglass,thewoodthatgleamedasdarklybrilliantasthesurfaceofapoolofoil.Atoneendabronzefiguresturdilyheldasupportforaseparatedchamber,andatconvenientplacesontheceilingwerefrescosinoliveandsilver.

Tothemindsofthepair,theirsurroundingsreflectedthegloryoftheirmarriagethatmorninginSanAntonio;thiswastheenvironmentoftheirnewestate;andtheman’sfaceinparticularbeamedwithanelationthatmadehimappearridiculoustotheNegroporter.Thisindividualattimessurveyedthemfromafarwithanamusedandsuperiorgrin.Onotheroccasionshebulliedthemwithskillinwaysthatdidnotmakeitexactlyplaintothemthattheywerebeingbullied.Hesubtlyusedallthemannersofthemostunconquerablekindofsnobbery.Heoppressedthem.Butofthisoppressiontheyhadsmallknowledge,andtheyspeedilyforgotthatinfrequentlyanumberoftravelerscoveredthemwithstaresofderisiveenjoyment.Historicallytherewassupposedtobesomethinginfinitelyhumorousintheirsituation.

“WearedueinYellowSkyat3:42.”hesaid,lookingtenderlyintohereyes.

“Oh,arewe?”shesaid,asifshehadnotbeenawareofit:Toevince（表現(xiàn)出）surpriseatherhusband’sstatementwaspartofherwifelyamiability.Shetookfromapocketalittlesilverwatch;andasshehelditbeforeher,andstaredatitwithafrownofattention,thenewhusband’sfaceshone.

“IboughtitinSanAntonfromafriendofmine,”hetoldhergleefully.

“It'sseventeenminutespasttwelve,”shesaid,lookingupathimwithakindofshyandclumsycoquetry（調(diào)情；賣俏）.Apassenger,notingthisplay,grewexcessivelysardonic,andwinkedathimselfinoneofthenumerousmirrors.

Atlasttheywenttothedining-car.TworowsofNegrowaiters,inglowingwhitesuits,surveyedtheirentrancewiththeinterest,andalsotheequanimity,ofmenwhohadbeenforewarned.Thepairfelltothelotofawaiterwhohappenedtofeelpleasureinsteeringthemthroughtheirmeal.Heviewedthemwiththemannerofafatherlypilot,hiscountenanceradiantwithbenevolence.Thepatronage,entwinedwiththeordinarydeference,wasnotplaintothem.Andyet,astheyreturnedtotheircoach,theyshowedintheirfacesasenseofescape.

1.Thedescriptionofthecouple’sclothesandbehavioratthebeginningofthepassageseemstoindicatethattheyhadasenseof（）.

2.Whichofthefollowingadjectivesbestdepictstheinteriorofthecoach?

3.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheattitudeofotherpeopleonthetraintowardsthecouple?

4.Whichofthefollowingcontainsametaphor?

5.Wecaninferfromthelastparagraphthatinthedining-car（）.

問題1選項

A.secrecy

B.elation

C.superiority

D.awkwardness

問題2選項

A.Modern.

B.Luxurious.

C.Practical.

D.Complex.

問題3選項

A.Theyregardedthecoupleasanobjectoffun.

B.Theyexpressedindifferencetowardsthecouple.

C.Theywereverycuriousaboutthecouple.

D.Theyshowedfriendlinesstowardsthecouple.

問題4選項

Alikeamanwaitinginabarber’sshop

Bhiscountenanceradiantwithbenevolence

Csweepingoverthehorizon,aprecipice

Dasdarklybrilliantasthesurfaceofapoolofoil

問題5選項

A.thewaitersweresnobbish

B.thecouplefeltillatease

C.theservicewassatisfactory

D.thecoupleenjoyedtheirdinner

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:1.判斷推理題。根據(jù)原文前半部分分別對這對黑人夫婦的描述“他坐在那里像一個在理發(fā)店等待的人。他向其他乘客投去的目光是偷偷摸摸的、害羞的。他們使她很尷尬。當(dāng)她上車時，有些乘客漫不經(jīng)心地打量著她，這讓她羞紅了臉。這副相貌平平的下層階級的臉蛋，原本線條簡單，幾乎沒有什么表情，使得臉上的紅暈很奇怪。”通過這些信息我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，這對夫婦很不自然，所以作者描寫他們的著裝和行為是為了體現(xiàn)出他們的尷尬，笨拙。所以選項D“awkwardness”正確。secrecy“秘密”；elation“興高采烈，得意洋洋”；superiority“優(yōu)越”，其他選項均不正確。

第2題:2.判斷推理題。原文第九自然段提到了火車內(nèi)部的裝飾，“thedazzlingfittings令人眼花繚亂的設(shè)施”，“thesea-greenfiguredvelvet,theshiningbrass,silver,andglass,thewoodthatgleamedasdarklybrilliantasthesurfaceofapoolofoil.海綠色的天鵝絨、閃閃發(fā)光的黃銅、銀和玻璃，以及像油池表面一樣閃閃發(fā)光的木頭”，這些信息都表明，火車內(nèi)部的裝飾非常奢華。所以選項B正確。

第3題:3.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第十自然段“...anumberoftravelerscoveredthemwithstaresofderisiveenjoyment.許多旅客用嘲弄的眼光望著他們?！庇纱丝芍?，火車上其他人對這對夫婦的態(tài)度是把他們當(dāng)做一個笑柄，所以選項A符合原文。

第4題:4.判斷推理題。metaphor指的是隱喻，暗喻。首先需要明確暗喻和明喻的區(qū)別，它們都有本體和喻體，但比喻詞有差別。明喻一般用like,as,seem,asif,asthough,similarto,suchas等比喻詞；暗喻一般不用這些比喻詞，直接將某一事物的名稱用于另一事物，通過比較形成。選項A和D可首先排除，因為它們屬于明喻。選項B不是比喻句，所以只有選項C正確，將地平線比作懸崖。

第5題:5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)原文最后一個自然段，這對夫婦在餐車區(qū)遇到了一位服務(wù)員，服務(wù)員因為非常高興所以對他們很友好，但除了這位服務(wù)員之外，還有其他的服務(wù)員，在第二句的時候就提及“兩排穿著閃閃發(fā)光的白色西裝的黑人侍者，帶著事先得到警告的人的興趣和鎮(zhèn)定，盯著入口的地方。”以及最后一句“當(dāng)他們回到自己車廂時，臉上流露出一種逃離的慶幸?！庇纱丝芍?，這對夫婦感到非常的不自在，所以選項B正確。

26.單選題

Moderntechnologyhasputmenonthemoonanddecipheredthehumangenome.Butwhenitcomestobrewingupflutomakevaccines,sciencestillturnstotheincredibleedibleegg.Eversincethe1940s,vaccinemakershavegrownlargebatchesofvirusinsidechickeneggs.Butgiventhatsome36,000Americansdieofflueachyear,it’sremarkablethatourfirstlineofdefenseisstillwhatSecretaryofHealthandHumanServicesTommyThompsoncalls"thecumbersomeandarchaicegg-basedproduction."Newcell-basedtechnologiesareinthepipeline,however,andmayfinallygetthesupporttheyneednowthattheUnitedStatesisfacedwithacriticalshortageoffluvaccine.Althoughexpertsdisagreeonwhethernewwaysofproducingvaccinecouldhavepreventedashortageliketheonehappeningtoday,thereisnodoubtthattheexistingsystemhasseriousflaws.

Eachyear,vaccinemanufacturersplaceadvanceordersformillionsofspeciallygrownchickeneggs.Meanwhile,public-healthofficialsmonitorcirculatingstrainsofflu,andeachMarchtheyrecommendthreestrains—twoinfluenzaAstrainsandoneBstrain—formanufacturerstoincludeinvaccines.Inthelatespringandsummer,automatedmachinesinjectvirusintoeggsandlatersuckouttheinfluenza-richgoop.Virusfromtheeggs’innardsgetskilledandprocessedtoremoveeggproteinsandothercontaminantsbeforebeingpackagedintovialsforfallshipment.

Whyhasthiseggmethodpersistedforsixdecades?Themainreasonisthatit’sreliable.Buteventhoughtheeggsarereliable,theyhaveseriousdrawbacks.Oneisthelongleadtimeneededtoordertheeggs.Thatmeansit’shardtomakemorevaccineinahurry,incaseofashortageorunexpectedoutbreak.Andeggsmaysimplybetoocumbersometokeepupwiththehundredsofmillionsofdosesrequiredtohandlethedemandforfluvaccine.

What’smore,someflustrainsdon’tgrowwellineggs.Lastyear,scientistswereunabletoincludetheFujianstraininthevaccineformulation.Itwasarelativelynewstrain,andmanufacturerssimplycouldn’tfindaquickwaytoadaptitsothatitgrewwellineggs.“Weknewthestrainwasoutthere,”recallsTheodoreEickhoffoftheUniversityofColoradoHealthSciencesCenter,“butpublic-healthofficialswereleftwithoutavaccineand,consequently,amoreseverefluseason.”

Worse,thevirusesthatposethegreatestthreatmightbehardesttogrowineggs.That’sbecauseglobalpandemicsliketheonethatkilledover50millionpeoplebetween1918and1920arethoughttooccurwhenabirdinfluenzachangesinawaythatletsitcrossthespeciesbarrierandinfecthumans.Sincehumanshaven’tencounteredthenewvirusbefore,theyhavelittleprotectiveimmunity.ThedeadlybirdflucirculatinginAsiain1997and1998,forexample,worriedpublic-healthofficialsbecauseitspreadtosomepeoplewhohandledbirdsandkilledthem—althoughthebugnevercirculatedamonghumans.Butwhenscientiststriedtomakevaccinetheold-fashionedway,thebirdfluquicklykilledtheeggs.

1.Themoon-landingismentionedinthefirstparagraphtoillustrate（）.

2.Whatstepisessentialtothetraditionalproductionoffluvaccine?

3.Theforemostreasonwhytheegg-basedmethodisdefectiveliesin（）.

4.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

5.Intheauthor’sview,thenewvaccineproductionmethodseemstobe（）.

問題1選項

A.technologycannotsolveallofourhumanproblems

B.progressinvaccineresearchforinfluenzahaslaggedbehind

C.greatachievementshavebeenmadebymeninexploringtheunknown

D.thedevelopmentofvaccineproductionmethodscannotbestopped

問題2選項

A.Manufacturersimplantthevaccineintoorderedchickeneggs.

B.Scientistsidentifytheexactstrainsoonafteraflupandemicstarts.

C.Publichealthmeasuresaretakenasanimportantpandemic-fightingtool.

D.Virusesaredeadenedandmadecleanbeforebeingputintovaccineuse.

問題3選項

A.thecomplexprocessofvaccineproduction

B.itspotentialthreattohumanbeing

C.thelowsurvivalratefornewfluvaccines

D.itscontributiontothefluvaccineshortage

問題4選項

A.Fluvaccinesnowmainlyuseegg-basedtechnology.

B.Abirdinfluenzahasoncecirculatedamonghumans.

C.Safetycanbegreatlyimprovedwithcell-culturevaccines.

D.Modernvaccineproductionmethodsaretoreplaceegg-basedmethods.

問題5選項

A.remarkable

B.criticized

C.efficient

D.accepted

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:1.作者意圖題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞themoonlanding定位到文章第一段第一句“Moderntechnologyhasputmenonthemoonanddecipheredthehumangenome”，現(xiàn)代技術(shù)已經(jīng)把人類送上了月球，并破譯了人類基因組。緊接著第二句出現(xiàn)了轉(zhuǎn)折詞but，說到涉及培養(yǎng)流感病毒生產(chǎn)疫苗時，科學(xué)家們居然還在使用可食用雞蛋。全文主要講述的是“雞蛋培育流感疫苗的方法”，因此此處提到“themoonlanding”只是以某方面的發(fā)達科技為下文論述做鋪墊，因此B選項“流感疫苗研究進展滯后”符合題意。

第2題:2.推理判斷題。文章第二段介紹了本題說到的thetraditionalproductionoffluvaccine傳統(tǒng)的流感疫苗生產(chǎn)過程。A選項“制造商將疫苗植入訂購的雞蛋中”錯在是“automatedmachinesinjectvirus”而不是制造商；B選項“科學(xué)家在流感大流行開始后不久就確定了確切的毒株”在文中未提及確定毒株的速度；C選項“公共衛(wèi)生措施是抗擊疫情的重要手段”也未在本文提及；D選項“在投入疫苗使用之前，病毒被殺死并凈化”對應(yīng)第二段最后一句“Virusfromtheeggs’innardsgetskilledandprocessedtoremoveeggproteinsandothercontaminantsbeforebeingpackagedintovialsforfallshipment”，雞蛋內(nèi)部的病毒被殺死，經(jīng)過處理去除雞蛋蛋白和其他污染物，然后包裝成小瓶，準(zhǔn)備秋季裝運。因此D選項正確。

第3題:3.細節(jié)事實題。由題干可以定位到文章第四段第一句What’smore,someflustrainsdon’tgrowwellineggs.（更重要的是，有些流感病毒在雞蛋里生長不好）。C選項“新流感疫苗的低存活率”，文中說流感病毒在雞蛋中生長得不好，由此可推斷，流感疫苗的存活率低。A選項“疫苗生產(chǎn)的復(fù)雜過程”，不符合題意，可排除。B選項“它對人類的潛在威脅”，不符合題意，可排除。D選項“它導(dǎo)致了流感疫苗的短缺”，不符合題意，可排除。因此C選項正確。

第4題:4.推理判斷題。A選項“流感疫苗現(xiàn)在主要使用基于雞蛋的技術(shù)”對應(yīng)文章第一段中作者對于現(xiàn)在依然使用雞蛋生產(chǎn)流感疫苗感到不可思議，同時D選項“現(xiàn)代疫苗生產(chǎn)方法正在取代以雞蛋為基礎(chǔ)的方法”可由此排除；B選項“禽流感曾經(jīng)在人類中傳播”在文中最后一段倒數(shù)第二句中有“althoughthebugnevercirculatedamonghumans”說明這種禽流感并未在人類中傳播過，可排除；C選項“細胞培養(yǎng)疫苗可以大大提高安全性”，文中未提到新方法的安全性，因此排除C。

第5題:5.觀點態(tài)度題。此處問的是作者對于新疫苗培育方法的態(tài)度。第一段最后提到，新的細胞生產(chǎn)技術(shù)已經(jīng)投入使用，并且可能最終得到支持。因此可推斷出作者認(rèn)為這個方法是有可能被接受的。D選項accepted正確。

27.單選題

Successfulpeoplealwaysmake（）preparationforanypotentialsetbacks.

問題1選項

A.adequate

B.urgent

C.abrupt

D.final

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。adequate“充足的”；urgent“緊急的，緊迫的”;abrupt“生硬的，唐突的”；final