2022年考研考博-考博英語-西南政法大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號63

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-西南政法大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

“Museum”isaslipperyword.Itfirstmeant(inGreek)anythingconsecratedtotheMuses:ahill,ashrine,agarden,afestivalorevenatextbook.BothPlato'sAcademyandAristotle'sLyceumhadamouseion.amuses'shrine.AlthoughtheGreeksalreadycollecteddetachedworksofart,manytemples—notablythatofHeraatOlympia(beforewhichtheOlympicflameisstilllit)-hadcollectionsofobjects,someofwhichwereworksofartbywell-knownmasters.WhilepaintingsandsculpturesintheAlexandrianMuseumwereincidentaltoitsmainpurpose.

TheRomansalsocollectedandexhibitedartfromdisbandedtemples,aswellasmineralspecimens,exoticplants,animals;andtheyplunderedsculpturesandpaintings(mostlyGreek)forexhibition.Meanwhile,theGreekwordhadslippedintoLatinbytransliteration(thoughnottosignifypicturegalleries,whichwerecalledpinacothecae)andmuseumstillmoreorlessmeant"Muses'shrine".

Theinspirationalcollectionsofpreciousandsemi-preciousobjectswerekeptinlargerchurchesandmonasteries—whichfocusedonthegold—enshrined,bejeweledrelicsofsaintsandmartyrs.Princes,midlatermerchants,hadsimilarcollections,whichbecamethedepositsofnaturalcuriosities:largelumpsofamberorcoral,irregularpearls,unicornhorns,ostricheggs,fossilbonesandsoon.Theyalsoincludedcoinsandgems—oftenantiqueengravedones—aswellas,increasingly,paintingsandsculptures.Astheymultipliedandexpanded,tosupplementthem,theskillofthefakersgrewincreasinglyrefined.

Atthesametime,visitorscouldadmiretheverygrandestpaintingsandsculpturesinthechurches,palacesandcastles;theywerenot“collected”either,but“site-specific”,andwereconsideredanintegralpartbothofthefabricofthebuildingsandofthewayoflifewhichwentoninsidethem-andmostofthebuildingswerepublicones.However,duringtherevivalofantiquityinthefifteenthcentury,fragmentsofantiquesculptureweregivenhigherstatusthantheworkofanycontemporary,sothatdisplaysofantiquitieswouldinspireartiststoimitation,orevenbetter,toemulation;andsocouldbeconsideredMuses’shrinesintheformersense.TheMedicigardennearSanMarcoinFlorence,theBelvedereandtheCapitolinRomewerethemostfamousofsuchearly“inspirational”collections.Soontheymultiplied,andgradually,exemplary??modem”workswerealsoaddedtosuchgalleries.

Intheseventeenthcentury,scientificandprestigecollectingbecamesowidespreadthatthreeorfourcollectorsindependentlypublisheddirectoriestomuseumsallovertheknownworld.Butitwastheageofrevolutionsandindustrywhichproducedthenextsharpshiftinthewaytheinstitutionwasperceivedthefuryagainstroyalandchurchmonumentspromptedantiquarianstosheltertheminasylum-galleries,ofwhichtheMuseedesMonumentsFrancaiswasthemostfamous.Then,inthefirsthalfofthenineteenthcentury,museumfundingtooloff,alliedtotheriseofnewwealth:LondonacquiredtheNationalGalleryandtheBritishMuseum,theLouvrewasorganized,theMuseum-1nselwasbeguninBerlin,andtheMunichgallerieswerebuilt.InVienna,thehugeKtmsthistorischesandNaturhistorischesMuseumstookovermuchoftheimperialtreasure.Meanwhile,thedeclineofcraftsmanship(andofpublictastewithit)inspiredthecreationof"improving"collections.TheVictoriaandAlbertMuseuminLondonwasthemostfamous,aswellasperhapsthelargestofthem.

1.Thesentence"Museumisaslipperyword"inthefirstparagraphmeansthat（

）.

2.Theideathatmuseumcouldmeanamountainoranobjectoriginatesfrom

（

）.

3."...theskillofthefakersgrewincreasinglyrefined"inthethirdparagraphmeansthat

（

）.

4.Paintingsandsculpturesondisplayinchurchesinthe15thcenturywere

（

）.

5.Modernmuseumscomeintoexistenceinorderto

（

）.

6.Whichisthemainideaofthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.themeaningoftheworddidn'tchangeuntilafterthe15thcentury

B.themeaningofthewordhadchangedovertheyears

C.theGreekshelddifferentconceptsfromtheRomans

D.princesandmerchantsaddedpaintingstotheircollections

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.theRomans

B.Florence

C.Olympia

D.Greek

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.therewasagreatdemandforfakers

B.fakersgrewrapidlyinnumber

C.fakersbecamemoreskillful

D.fakersbecamemorepolite

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.collectedfromelsewhere

B.madepartofthebuildings

C.donatedbypeople

D.boughtbychurches

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.protectroyalandchurchtreasures

B.improveexistingcollections

C.stimulatepublicinterest

D.raisemorefunds

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.Collectionandcollectors

B.Theevolutionofmuseums

C.Modemmuseumsandtheirfunctions

D.Thebirthofmuseums

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

第6題:B

【解析】1.判斷推理題。slippery意為狡猾的，不穩(wěn)定的。再根據(jù)下文的內(nèi)容可以推測，這里是指它的意思多年來已經(jīng)改變了。所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Itfirstmeant(inGreek)anythingconsecratedtotheMuses:ahill,ashrine,agarden,afestivalorevenatextbook.它最初的意思是(在希臘語中)獻(xiàn)給繆斯女神的任何東西：一座小山、一座神殿、一座花園、一個(gè)節(jié)日，甚至是一本教科書。”由此可知選項(xiàng)D正確。

3.語義題。根據(jù)原文句意：隨著它們的增加和擴(kuò)大，作為補(bǔ)充，造假者的技藝變得越來越精湛。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“theywerenot‘collected’either,but‘site-specific’,andwereconsideredanintegralpartbothofthefabricofthebuildings...”它們不是被“收藏”，而是“特定場地的”，被認(rèn)為是建筑不可或缺的一部分。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段中“thefuryagainstroyalandchurchmonumentspromptedantiquarianstosheltertheminasylum-galleries...”對皇室和教堂遺跡的憤怒促使古物學(xué)家把它們（文物）藏在避難所的陳列室里。由此可知，是為了保護(hù)皇家和教堂的財(cái)富，選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

6.主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講的是“museum”一詞的變化過程，所以選項(xiàng)B最能概括全文。

2.單選題

Manysoldiershavetoremindthemselveswhentheyreturnhomenottouse（

）languageofthebarracks.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.vulgar

B.gross

C.rough

D.coarse

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)vulgar“通俗的”；B選項(xiàng)gross“惡劣的”；C選項(xiàng)rough“粗糙的”；D選項(xiàng)coarse“粗俗的，下等的”。句意：許多士兵回家后不得不提醒自己不要在軍營里說粗話?選項(xiàng)D更符合語境。

3.單選題

Thetremorinhisvoice（

）hisnervousness.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.affirmed

B.disguised

C.represented

D.revealed

【答案】D

【解析】動詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)affirm“肯定，斷言”；B選項(xiàng)disguise“偽裝，掩飾”；C選項(xiàng)represent“代表”；D選項(xiàng)reveal“揭露，顯示”。句意：他顫抖的聲音顯露出他的緊張。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

4.翻譯題

PutthefollowingChineseintoEnglish.

網(wǎng)絡(luò)用戶、網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)提供者利用網(wǎng)絡(luò)侵害他人民事權(quán)益或者利益的，應(yīng)當(dāng)承擔(dān)侵權(quán)責(zé)任。

公法調(diào)整和規(guī)范自然人、法人和國家之間的關(guān)系,它包括行政法規(guī)、刑法以及其他涉及公共秩序的法律。

合同是當(dāng)事人之間設(shè)立、變更、終民事關(guān)系的協(xié)議；依法成立的合同，受法律保護(hù)。

物權(quán)的取得和行使，應(yīng)當(dāng)遵守法律，尊重社會公德，不得損害公共利益和他人合法權(quán)益。

人民法院審理案件，對于侵犯著作權(quán)或者與著作權(quán)有關(guān)的權(quán)利的，可以沒收違法所得、侵權(quán)復(fù)制品以及進(jìn)行違法活動的財(cái)物。

【答案】Networkusersandnetworkserviceproviderswhoinfringeuponthecivilrightsorinterestsofothersvianetworkshallbearthetortliability.

Publiclawadjustsandregulatestherelationshipamongnaturalpersons,legalpersonsandthestate.Itincludesadministrativeregulations,criminallawsandotherlawsrelatedtopublicorder.

Acontractisanagreementbetweenthepartiestoestablish,changeorterminateacivilrelationship.Acontractestablishedinaccordancewiththelawshallbeprotectedbylaw.

Theacquisitionandexerciseofpropertyrightsshallabidebythelaw,respectsocialmoralityandnotdamagepublicinterestsandlegitimaterightsandinterestsofothers.

Forthosecasesthatinfringeoncopyrightorrelativerights.People'sCourtcanconfiscateillegalproceeds,infringingcopiesandpropertiesforillegalactivitieswhentryingacase.

5.單選題

Thattruckdrivernolonger（

）himselfindrinkingafterexperiencingtheaccident.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.induced

B.immersed

C.devoted

D.indulged

【答案】D

【解析】動詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)induce“誘導(dǎo)”；B選項(xiàng)immerse“浸入”；C選項(xiàng)devote“致力于”；D選項(xiàng)indulge“沉溺，滿足，放任”。句意：在經(jīng)歷了那次事故后，那個(gè)卡車司機(jī)就不再放任自己喝酒。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

6.單選題

Onlya（

）personwouldbelievesuchanunlikelystoryaboutflyingsaucers.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.credible

B.credulous

C.nonsensical

D.creditable

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)credible“可靠的，可信的”；B選項(xiàng)credulous“輕信的，易受騙的”；C選項(xiàng)nonsensical“無意義的，荒謬的”；D選項(xiàng)creditable“值得稱贊的”。句意：只有易受騙的人才會相信這樣一個(gè)關(guān)于飛碟的不大可能的故事。選項(xiàng)B符合語境。

7.單選題

Mothertoldmethatthemostimportantthingofchoosingapieceofclothisits（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.style

B.texture

C.textile

D.content

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)style“風(fēng)格，類型”；B選項(xiàng)texture“質(zhì)地，紋理，結(jié)構(gòu)”；C選項(xiàng)textile“紡織品”；D選項(xiàng)content“內(nèi)容，滿足”。句意：母親告訴我，挑選一塊布最重要的是看它的質(zhì)地。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

8.單選題

Farmersinthedevelopingworldhatepricefluctuations.Itmakesithardtoplanahead.Butmostofthemhavelittlechoice:theysellatthepricethemarketsets.FarmersinEurope,theUSandJapanareluckier:theyreceivemassivegovernmentsubsidiesintheformofguaranteedpricesordirecthandouts.LastmonthU.S.PresidentBushsignedanewfarmbillthatgivesAmericanfarmers$190billionoverthenext10years,or$83billionmorethantheyhadbeenscheduledtoget,andpushesU.S.agriculturalsupportclosetocrazyEuropeanlevels.Bushsaidthestepwasnecessaryto“promotefarmerindependenceandpreservethefarmwayoflifeforgenerations”.ItisalsodesignedtohelptheRepublicanPartywincontroloftheSenateinNovember’smid-termelections.

Agriculturalproductioninmostpoorcountriesaccountsforupto50%ofGDP,comparedtoonly3%inrichcountries.Butmostfarmersinpoorcountriesgrowjustenoughforthemselvesandtheirfamilies.ThosewhotryexportingtotheWestfindtheirgoodswhackedwithhugetariffsorcompetingagainstcheapersubsidizedgoods.In1999theUnitedNationsConferenceonTradeandDevelopmentconcludedthanforeachdollardevelopingcountriesreceiveinaidtheyloseupto$14justbecauseoftradebarriersimposedontheexportoftheirmanufacturedgoods.It’snotasifthedevelopingworldwantsanyfavors,saysGeraldSsendwula,Uganda'sMinisterofFinance.“Whatwewantisfortherichcountriestoletuscompete.”

AgricultureisoneofthefewareasinwhichtheThirdWorldcancompete.Landandlaborarecheap,andasfanningmethodsdevelop,newtechnologiesshouldimproveoutput.Thisisnopie-in-the-skyspeculation.ThebiggestsuccessinKenva’seconomyoverthepastdecadehasbeentheboominexportsofcutflowersandvegetablestoEurope.Butthatmayallchangein2008,whenKenyawillbeslightlytoorichtoqualifyforthe“l(fā)east-developedcountry”statusthatallowsAfricanproducerstoavoidpayingstiffEuropeanimportdutiesonselectedagriculturalproducts.Withtradebarriersinplace,thehorticultureindustryinKenyawillshrivelasquicklyasdiscardedrose.Andwhileagricultureexportsremainthegreathopeforpoorcountries,reducingtradebarriersinothersectorsalsoworks:AfricanGrowthandOpportunityAct,whichcutsdutiesonexportsofeverythingfromhandicraftstoshoes,hasprovedaboontoAfrica’smanufacturers.Thelesson:theThirdWorldcanprosperiftherichworldgivesitafairgo.

ThisiswhatmakesBush’sdecisiontoincreasefarmsubsidieslastmonthallthemoredepressing.Poorcountrieshavelongsuspectedthattherichworldurgestradeliberalizationonlysoitcanwangleitswayintonewmarkets.SuchsuspicionscausedtheSeattletradetalkstobreakdownthreeyearsago.ButlastNovembermembersoftheWorldTradeOrganization,meetinginDoha.Qatar,finallyagreedtoanewroundoftalksdesignedtoopenupglobaltradeinagricultureandtextiles.Richcountriesassuredpoorcountriesthattheirconcernswerefinallybeingaddressed.Bush’shandoutlastmonthmakesalieofAmerica’scommitmenttothesetalksandhispersonaldevotiontofreetrade.

1.Bycomparison,farmers（

）receivemoregovernmentsubsidiesthanother.

2.Inadditiontotheeconomicconsiderations,thereisa（

）motivebehindBush’ssigningofthenewbill.

3.Themessagethewriterattemptstoconveythroughoutthepassageisthat（

）.

4.Thewriter’sattitudetowardsnewfarmsubsidiesintheU.S.is（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inthedevelopingworld

B.inJapan

C.inEurope

D.inAmerica

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.partisan

B.social

C.financial

D.cultural

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.poorcountriesshouldbegivenequalopportunitiesintrade

B.“theleastdevelopedcountry”statusbenefitsagriculturalcountries

C.poorcountriesshouldremovetheirsuspicionsabouttradeliberalization

D.farmersinpoorcountriesshouldalsoreceivethebenefitofsubsidies

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.favorable

B.ambiguous

C.critical

D.reserved.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第三句“LastmonthU.S.PresidentBushsignedanewfarmbillthatgivesAmericanfarmers$190billionoverthenext10years,or$83billionmorethantheyhadbeenscheduledtoget,andpushesU.S.agriculturalsupportclosetocrazyEuropeanlevels.上個(gè)月，美國總統(tǒng)布什簽署了一項(xiàng)新的農(nóng)業(yè)法案，將在未來10年向美國農(nóng)民提供1900億美元的資金，比原計(jì)劃多出830億美元，并將美國的農(nóng)業(yè)援助提高到接近歐洲的瘋狂水平?！庇纱丝芍?，歐洲農(nóng)民得到的政府補(bǔ)貼比其他國家都多，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“ItisalsodesignedtohelptheRepublicanPartywincontroloftheSenateinNovember’smid-termelections.該法案還旨在幫助共和黨在11月中旬的選舉中贏得參議院的控制權(quán)?！庇纱丝芍?，選項(xiàng)A“黨派的”正確。

3.作者意圖題。本題可采用排除法。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“It’snotasifthedevelopingworldwantsanyfavors,saysGeraldSsendwula,Uganda'sMinisterofFinance.‘Whatwewantisfortherichcountriestoletuscompete.’烏干達(dá)財(cái)政部長GeraldSsendwula說，發(fā)展中國家并不需要任何幫助。‘我們希望富裕國家讓我們參與競爭?！庇纱丝芍?，選項(xiàng)A“應(yīng)該給貧窮國家平等的貿(mào)易機(jī)會”符合原文；根據(jù)第三段第四句“但這一切可能在2008年發(fā)生改變，屆時(shí)肯尼亞將略微富裕到?jīng)]有資格獲得“最不發(fā)達(dá)國家”的地位，而“最不發(fā)達(dá)國家”的地位允許非洲生產(chǎn)商對某些農(nóng)產(chǎn)品免征高額的歐洲進(jìn)口稅?！庇纱丝芍x項(xiàng)B“‘最不發(fā)達(dá)國家’的地位有利于農(nóng)業(yè)國家”不符合原文；根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Bush’shandoutlastmonthmakesalieofAmerica’scommitmenttothesetalksandhispersonaldevotiontofreetrade.布什上個(gè)月的農(nóng)業(yè)補(bǔ)貼使得美國對這些會談的承諾以及布什個(gè)人對自由貿(mào)易的熱愛成為一個(gè)謊言?！庇纱丝芍?，選項(xiàng)C“窮國應(yīng)該消除對貿(mào)易自由化的懷疑”不正確；根據(jù)第二段“1999年，聯(lián)合國貿(mào)易和發(fā)展會議的結(jié)論是，發(fā)展中國家每獲得1美元的援助，就會損失多達(dá)14美元，原因僅僅是對其制成品出口設(shè)置了貿(mào)易壁壘?！庇纱丝芍?，貧窮國家的農(nóng)民并沒有得到補(bǔ)貼的好處，所以選項(xiàng)D錯(cuò)誤。只有選項(xiàng)A表述是正確。

4.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Bush’shandoutlastmonthmakesalieofAmerica’scommitmenttothesetalksandhispersonaldevotiontofreetrade.布什上個(gè)月的農(nóng)業(yè)補(bǔ)貼使得美國對這些會談的承諾以及布什個(gè)人對自由貿(mào)易的熱愛成為一個(gè)謊言?！庇纱丝芍?，作者的態(tài)度是批判的。選項(xiàng)C正確。

9.單選題

NineofthetencampusesoftheUniversityofCalifornia—ledbyBerkeley―onceagainmadeitintoanannualrankingoftheworld’sleadinguniversities.All’swellinCaliforniahighereducation,itmightseem.

ButthatisnotwhatPatBrownorClarkKerrwouldsay,weretheyalivetoday.Theywere,respectively,governorofthestateandpresidentoftheUniversityofCaliforniain1960,whenCaliforniaadopteda“masterplan''thatbecameaninternationalmodel.Theiraimwasnotonlytohaveexcellentpublicuniversities,buttogivethestate’spopulationnearlyuniversalandfreeaccesstothem.Somepupilswouldso-calledcommunitycollegesforatwo-yearvocationalprogramme,othersoneofthe(now23)campusesoftheCaliforniaStateUniversity,andthebestmightgotoaUCcampus.

Inordertoassureaccessforall,tuitionchargeswerebanned—only“fees”forsomecostsotherthaneducationwereallowed.Mostfundingwastocomefromtaxpayers.Thepremisewasthathighereducationwasapublicgoodforthestate,whichwasnursingitsownfutureentrepreneursandtaxpayers.AsMr.Kerrputit,theuniversitieswere“bait”tobehunginfrontofindustry,withdrawingpowergreaterthanlowtaxesorcheaplabor.’’

Thatconsensushasbeenoverturned.In1990,thestatepaid78%ofthecostofeducatingeachstudent.Thatratiodroppedto47%lastyear,andwillfallevenmoreduringthecurrentacademicyear,afterthelatestroundofbudgetcuts,overseenbyJerryBrown,thecurrentgovernorandsonofPatBrown.Insomeways,CaliforniahasnowinvertedtheprioritiesoftheolderBrown’sera.Spendingonprisonspassedspendingonuniversitiesinaround2004.

Thishasledtoconcernsthatpublicuniversitiesmightlosetheirexcellence.Ittakesmoneytoattractthebestprofessors,andthebeststudentsfollowthem.Analternativetoworsepublicuniversities,however,isquasi-privatizedones.ThatseemstobetheroutetakeninCalifornia.

Thusstudentswillthisyear,forthefirsttime,paymorefortuitionthanthestategivesinfunding.ThisfollowsyearsoftuitionfeeincreasesfarsteeperthantheaverageatAmericanpublicuniversities.AplaceataUCcampuscaneasilynowcost$13,000,or$31000includinghousing,givenCalifornia’shighcosts.

Toraiseotherrevenues,thevariouscampusesalsoadmitevermoreout-of-statestudents(whopaythreetimesmore)and,targetrichgraduatesformoredonations.Ledbythebusinessandlawschools,theybehaveincreasinglylikeprivateuniversities,inotherwords.Thisstrategyretainspocketsofexcellence.Butitalsorunscountertothephilosophyofthemasterplan,bypricingevermoreCalifornianfamiliesoutofaplace.Thestatenowranks41stinthenumberofcollegedegreesawardedforevery100ofitshighschoolgraduates.

1.PatBrownandClarkKerrattemptedtosetupexcellentpublicuniversities,aswellas（

）.

2.WhatdoesMr.Kerrimplybysaying“bait”tobehunginfrontofindustry(Line4,Para.3)?

3.Whatistheconcernonthepublicuniversitiessincethestatespendingonuniversitieshasdropped?

4.CampusesinCaliforniareceivestudentsfromotherstatesforthepurposeof

（

）.

5.WhatcanweinferfromthepassageabouthighereducationinCalifornia?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.buildinganinternationalmodelofuniversitiesaroundtheworld

B.competingwiththeso-calledcommunitycollegesinthestate

C.offeringcommonandfreeaccesstouniversitiestothestate'spopulation

D.providingatwo-yearvocationalprogramforthestate'spopulation

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theuniversitiesfosterto-beelitesforindustry

B.Thetuitionfeesarebannedintheuniversities

C.Thehighereducationisastatewelfare

D.Theuniversitiesaremoreattractivethanlowtaxesorcheaplabor.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Tobeunabletoattractthebestprofessors

B.Tobeunabletomaintaintheirexcellence

C.Tobehigh-priced

D.Tobequasi-privatized

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.gettingmoredonations

B.behavinglikeprivateuniversities

C.makingupshortageofgraduates

D.improvingotherearnings

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.ChildrenfromCalifornianfamiliescan’tobtaintheeducationduetothehighcosts.

B.Ithasmovedtowardsprivateuniversitiesalongwithitsdevelopment.

C.Itisonlynursingitsownfutureentrepreneursandtaxpayers.

D.Itproducesfewercompanyfounders,inventorsandtaxpayers.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“PatBrownandClarkKerr”定位到第二段的內(nèi)容“Theiraimwasnotonlytohaveexcellentpublicuniversities,buttogivethestate’spopulationnearlyuniversalandfreeaccesstothem.他們的目標(biāo)不僅是擁有優(yōu)秀的公立大學(xué)，而且要讓該州的人口幾乎可以免費(fèi)進(jìn)入這些大學(xué)?！边x項(xiàng)C符合原文。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“bait”所在句子的上文“Thepremisewasthathighereducationwasapublicgoodforthestate,whichwasnursingitsownfutureentrepreneursandtaxpayers.前提是高等教育是全州的一種公共利益，為未來培養(yǎng)自己的企業(yè)家和納稅人?！币簿褪钦f，大學(xué)是掛在工業(yè)面前的“誘餌”指的是大學(xué)培養(yǎng)工業(yè)精英。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段首句“Thishasledtoconcernsthatpublicuniversitiesmightlosetheirexcellence.”這導(dǎo)致人們擔(dān)心公立大學(xué)可能會失去它們的優(yōu)勢。也就是無法保持自己的優(yōu)勢，選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“Toraiseotherrevenues,thevariouscampusesalsoadmitevermoreout-of-statestudents.為了增加其他收入，各個(gè)校區(qū)還招收了越來越多的外州學(xué)生。”選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句“Ledbythebusinessandlawschools,theybehaveincreasinglylikeprivateuniversities,inotherwords.換句話說，在商學(xué)院和法學(xué)院的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，它們（州立大學(xué)）的行為越來越像私立大學(xué)?！边x項(xiàng)B符合原文。選項(xiàng)A和C表述均不正確，選項(xiàng)D在文中沒有提及。

10.單選題

Radarisusedtoextendthe（

）ofman'ssensesforobservinghisenvironment,especiallythesenseofvision.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.validity

B.liability

C.capability

D.intensity

【答案】C

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)validity“有效性，正確性”；B選項(xiàng)liability“責(zé)任，可能性”；C選項(xiàng)capability“才能，能力”；D選項(xiàng)intensity“強(qiáng)度”。句意：雷達(dá)是用來擴(kuò)展人們觀察環(huán)境的感知能力，特別是視覺感知能力。選項(xiàng)C符合語境。

11.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish

第二條：專利法所稱發(fā)明，是指對產(chǎn)品、方法或者其改進(jìn)所提出的新的技術(shù)方案。

綜上所述，原告認(rèn)為：原告與被告天津天利食品有限公司簽訂的借款合同及抵押合同合法有效，理應(yīng)全面、實(shí)際履行。

從廣義上來講，中國司法體系的機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)置由三大部分組成：人民法院系統(tǒng)、人民檢察院系統(tǒng)和公安機(jī)關(guān)系統(tǒng)。

本協(xié)議經(jīng)有關(guān)雙方如期簽署后生效，有效期為一年，從2010年2月1日至2011年1月31日。

【答案】Article2:Theinventioninpatentlawreferstothenewtechnicalsolutionputforwardtoproducts,methodsandtheirimprovement.

Asawhole,theaccuserbelievethatthecontractforloanandmortgagecontract,madebytheaccuserandtheaccusedTianjinTianliFoodCo.Ltd.,areeffectiveandshouldbefulfilledentirelyandpractically.

Initsbroadsense,thestructuralestablishmentinChina’sjudicialsystemconsistsofthreemainparts,namelypeople'scourtsystem,people'sprocuratoratesystemandpublicsecurityorgansystem.

Afterbeingsignedbybothpartiesconcernedasscheduled,thecontractwillbecomevalidforoneyearfromFebruary1,2010toJanuary31,2011.

12.單選題

Mostpeopleinthenorthwantedto（

）slaverywhiletheslaveownersofthesouthheldthatslaveryshouldbeallowed.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.extinguish

B.vanish

C.abolish

D.withdraw

【答案】C

【解析】動詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)extinguish“熄滅，壓制”；B選項(xiàng)vanish“消失”；C選項(xiàng)abolish“廢除”；D選項(xiàng)withdraw“撤退”。句意：大多數(shù)北方人想廢除奴隸制，而南方的奴隸主則認(rèn)為應(yīng)該允許奴隸制的存在。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

13.單選題

Themostsuccessfulwaytosolvethelanguageproblemwhileaforeignplayisbeingperformedis（

）translation.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.homogeneous

B.simultaneous

C.instantaneous

D.spontaneous

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)homogeneous“均勻的，同質(zhì)的”；B選項(xiàng)simultaneous“同時(shí)的”；C選項(xiàng)instantaneous“瞬間的”；D選項(xiàng)spontaneous“自發(fā)的，無意識的”。句意：解決外交活動中的語言問題最成功的方法是同聲傳譯。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

14.翻譯題

PutthefollowingintoChinese.

Wheretheparadigmofwarapplies,theexecutivedominatesindecidingwholivesordies.JusticeO'ConnornonethelessclaimedinHamdi(案件名稱)thatthewaronterrordoesnotgivetheexecutiveablankcheck(自由處理權(quán))todoasitpleasesinthenameofsecurity.Ifoneacceptsthispremise,thenthequestionbecomeshowtocontroltheexecutive’swarpowerwithoutundulyhamperingit.UnderaMathews-styleapproach,todeterminewhetherdueprocessdemandsaparticularproceduralcontrolovertargetedkilling(ARA),oneshould:(a)identifytherangeoflegitimateintereststhattheproceduremightprotect;(b)assessthedegreetowhichadoptionoftheprocedureactuallywouldprotecttheseinterests;and(c)weighthesemarginalbenefitsagainstthedamagetheproceduremaycausetootherlegitimateinterests.

Judicialcontroloftargetedkillingcouldincreasetheaccuracyoftargetselection,reducingthedangerofmistakenorillegaldestructionoflives,limbs,andproperty.Independentjudgeswhodouble-checktargetingdecisionscouldcatcherrorsandcauseexecutiveofficialstoavoidmakingtheminthefirstplace.

Morebroadly,judicialcontroloftargetedkillingcouldservetheinterestsofallpeople—

targetsandnon-targets—inblockingtheexecutivefromexercisinganunaccountable,secretpowertokill.Ifpossible,weshouldavoidaworldinwhichtheCIAorotherexecutiveofficialshaveunbelievablepowertodecidewhogetstoliveandwhodiesinthenameofashadowwarthatmightneverend.Everyonehasacognizableinterestinstoppingaslideintotyranny.

【答案】在戰(zhàn)爭模式適用的情況下，行政機(jī)構(gòu)主導(dǎo)決定誰生誰死。盡管如此，奧康納法官在哈姆迪案件中聲稱，反恐戰(zhàn)爭并沒有給行政機(jī)構(gòu)自由處理權(quán)，讓他們以安全的名義隨心所欲地行事。如果人們接受這一前提，那么問題就變成了如何在不過度阻礙行政權(quán)力的前提下控制其戰(zhàn)爭權(quán)力。根據(jù)馬修斯風(fēng)格的方法，要確定正當(dāng)程序是否需要對有目標(biāo)的殺戮(ARA)進(jìn)行特定的程序控制，應(yīng)該:(a)確定程序可能保護(hù)的合法利益范圍;(b)評估采用這一程序?qū)嶋H能在多大程度上保護(hù)這些利益;(c)權(quán)衡這些邊際利益與程序可能造成的其他合法利益的損害。

對有針對性殺戮的司法控制可以提高目標(biāo)選擇的準(zhǔn)確性，減少錯(cuò)誤或非法毀壞生命、肢體和財(cái)產(chǎn)的危險(xiǎn)。反復(fù)檢查目標(biāo)決策的獨(dú)立法官可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤，并導(dǎo)致行政官員一開始就避免制造這些錯(cuò)誤。

從更廣泛的意義上講，對有針對性殺戮的司法控制可以服務(wù)于所有人的利益，不管是目標(biāo)人群和還是非目標(biāo)人群，它可以阻止行政部門行使不負(fù)責(zé)任的秘密權(quán)力來進(jìn)行殺戮。如果可能的話，我們應(yīng)該避免這樣一個(gè)世界：中央情報(bào)局或其他行政官員擁有令人難以置信的權(quán)力，以可能永遠(yuǎn)不會結(jié)束的影子戰(zhàn)爭的名義來決定誰生誰死。每個(gè)人對于反對暴政都有明顯的興趣。

15.單選題

To（

）theriskoftheft,installagoodalarmsystem.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.decrease

B.minimize

C.limit

D.eliminate

【答案】D

【解析】動詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)decrease“減少，降低”；B選項(xiàng)minimize“最小化”；C選項(xiàng)limit“限制”；D選項(xiàng)eliminate“消除，排除”。句意：為了消除被盜的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，安裝一個(gè)好的報(bào)警系統(tǒng)。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

16.單選題

Howmanyreallysufferasaresultoflabormarketproblems?Thisisoneofthemostcriticalyetcontentioussocialpolicyquestions.Inmanyways,oursocialstatisticsexaggeratethedegreeofhardship.Unemploymentdoesnothavethesameconsequencestodayasitdidinthe1930’swhenmostoftheunemployedwereprimarybreadwinners,whenincomeandearningswereusuallymuchclosertothemarginofsubstance,andwhentherewerenocountervailingsocialprogramsforthosefailinginthelabormarket.Increasingaffluence,theriseoffamilieswithmorethanonewageearner,thegrowingpredominanceofsecondaryearnersamongtheunemployed,andimprovedsocialwelfareprotectionhaveunquestionablymitigatedtheconsequencesofjoblessness.Earningsandincomedataalsooverstatethedimensionsofhardship.Amongthemillionswithhourlyearningsatorbelowtheminimumwagelevel,theoverwhelmingmajorityarefrommultipleearners,relativelyaffluentfamilies.Mostofthosecountedbythepovertystatisticsaretheelderlyorhandicappedorhavefamilyresponsibilitieswhichkeepthemoutofthelaborforce,sothepovertystatisticsarebynomeansanaccurateindicatoroflabormarketpathologies.

Yettherearealsomanywaysoursocialstatisticsunderestimatethedegreeoflabor-market-relatedhardship.Theunemploymentcountsexcludethemillionsoffullyemployedworkerswhosewagesaresolowthattheirfamiliesremaininpoverty.Lowwagesandrepeatedorprolongedunemploymentfrequentlyinteracttounderminethecapacityforself-support.Sincethenumberexperiencingjoblessnessatsometimeduringtheyearisseveraltimesthenumberunemployedinanymonth,thosewhosufferasaresultofforcedidlenesscanequalorexceedaverageannualunemployment,eventhoughonlyaminorityofthejoblessinanymonthreallysuffers.Foreverypersoncountedinthemonthlyunemploymenttallies,thereisanotherworkingpart-timebecauseoftheinabilitytofindfull-timework,orelseoutsidethelaborforcebutwantingajob.Finally,incometransfersinourcountryhavealwaysfocusedontheelderly,disabled,anddependent,neglectingtheneedsoftheworkingpoor,sothatthedramaticexpansionofcashandinkindtransfersdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatthosefailinginthelabormarketareadequatelyprotected.

Asaresultofsuchcontradictoryevidence,itisuncertainwhetherhighlevelsofjoblessnesscanbetoleratedormustbecounteredbyjobcreationandeconomicstimulus.Thereisonlyoneareaofagreementinthisdebate—thattheexistingpoverty,employment,andearningsstatisticsareinadequateforoneoftheirprimaryapplications,measuringtheconsequencesoflabormarketproblems.

1.Whatdoesthe“l(fā)abormarketproblems”referto?

2.Theauthorcontraststhe1930'swiththepresentinordertoshowthat（

）.

3.Theauthor'spurposeincitingthosewhoarerepeatedlyunemployedduringayearismostprobablytoshowthat（

）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,onefactorthatcausesoursocietytooverestimatethedegreeofeconomichardshipisthe（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ATheoverallcausesofpoverty

B.Deficienciesinthetrainingoftheworkforce

C.Traderelationshipsamongproducersofgoods

D.Shortageofjobsprovidingadequateincome

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.morepeoplewereemployedinthe1930's

B.socialprogramsaremoreneedednow.

C.unemploymentnowhaslesssevereeffects

D.nowthereisagreaterproportion

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.thereareseveralfactorsthatcausethe