2022年考研考博-考博英語-西南政法大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號35

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-西南政法大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Onenteringtheroom,he（

）hiseyesrounditbutsawnothingstrange.

問題1選項

A.jerked

B.flung

C.tossed

D.cast

【答案】D

【解析】動詞辨析題。A選項jerk“猛拉”；B選項fling“擲，拋”；C選項toss“拋，投”；D選項cast“投擲”。選項B，C，D都要投擲的意思，但只有選項D能與后面的round搭配使用，castround意為“尋找”，句意：一進(jìn)房間，他就環(huán)視四周（尋找），但沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)什么奇怪的東西。選項D符合句意。

2.單選題

TheforeignstudentinChinais（

）withagooddealofChineseculture.

問題1選項

A.scattered

B.overflowed

C.permeated

D.manipulated

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項scattered“分散的，散亂的”；B選項overflowed“溢出的”；C選項permeated“滲透，彌漫”，bepermeatedwith洋溢著；D選項manipulated“操作”。句意：在中國的外國學(xué)生洋溢著大量的中國文化氣息。選項C更符合語境。

3.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish

公民、法人的合法民事權(quán)益受法律保護，任何組織和個人不得侵犯。

已滿16歲的人犯罪，應(yīng)當(dāng)負(fù)刑事貴任。

【答案】Thelawfulcivilrightsandinterestsofcitizensandjuristicpersonareprotectedbythelaw,andanyorganizationorindividualisnotallowedtoinfringethem.

Apersonofnolessthan16yearsoldwhocommitsacrimeshallbearcriminalresponsibility.

4.單選題

Oneoftheproblemstheyhavetodealwithisthe（

）ofplasticcontainers.

問題1選項

A.disposal

B.dissolution

C.disposition

D.disappearance

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項disposal“處理”；B選項dissolution“分解，溶解”；C選項disposition“性情，傾向”；D選項disappearance“消失”。句意：他們必須處理的問題之一是塑料容器的處理。選項A符合句意。

5.單選題

Thereismuchdiscussiontodayabouttheneedforthegovernmentto（

）thetheatre.

問題1選項

A.substitute

B.subsidize

C.subscribe

D.subordinate

【答案】B

【解析】動詞辨析題。A選項substitute“代替”；B選項subsidize“資助”；C選項subscribe“簽署，贊成”；D選項subordinate“使服從”。句意：今天將重點討論政府是否有必要對劇院進(jìn)行補貼。選項B符合句意。

6.單選題

AlthoughItriedtoconcentrateonthelecture,Iwas（

）bythenoisefromthenextroom.

問題1選項

A.dissuaded

B.averted

C.repressed

D.distracted

【答案】D

【解析】動詞辨析題。A選項dissuade“勸阻”；B選項avert“轉(zhuǎn)移”；C選項repress“抑制，鎮(zhèn)壓”；D選項distract“分心”。句意：盡管我試圖集中注意力聽演講，但還是被隔壁房間的噪音分心。選項D符合語境。

7.單選題

Anydriverstoppedbythepoliceforsomeminortraffic（

）canbeaskedtotaketestforalcoholicdrinking.

問題1選項

A.violation

B.accident

C.congestion

D.devastation

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項violation“違反，妨礙”；B選項accident“事故，意外”；C選項congestion“擁擠”；D選項devastation“毀壞”。句意：任何因輕微交通違規(guī)而被警察攔下的司機都可能被要求參加酒精測試。選項A符合語境。

8.單選題

Bysigningtheleasewemadea（

）topayarentof$200aweek.

問題1選項

A.conception

B.commission

C.commitment

D.confinement

【答案】C

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項conception“概念，設(shè)想”；B選項commission“委員會；傭金”；C選項commitment“承諾，保證”；D選項confinement“限制，監(jiān)禁”。句意：通過簽訂租約，我們承諾每周支付200美元的租金。選項C符合句意。

9.翻譯題

Wemustcontinuewiththereformintaxandfeeinruralareastolightentheburdensoffarmersandprotecttheirinterests.

Chinadoesnotseekhegemonyorpredominanceinworldaffairs.Itadvocatesanewinternationalpoliticalandeconomicorder.

Ifwedonotcrackdownoncorruption,theflesh-and-bloodtiesbetweenthePartyandthepeoplewillsufferalotandthePartywillbeindangeroflosingitsrulingposition,orpossiblyheadingforself-destruction.

Nobodyinanysector,publicorprivate,shouldofferbenefitsunlessforagoodreason.

Damsareadramaticexampleofahumanactivitythatdegradesfreshwaterecosystems.

【答案】為了減輕農(nóng)民的負(fù)擔(dān)和保護他們的利益，我們一定要繼續(xù)進(jìn)行農(nóng)村稅費改革。

中國在世界事務(wù)中不謀求霸權(quán)或主導(dǎo)地位。它主張一個新的國際政治和經(jīng)濟秩序。

如果我們不打擊腐敗，那么黨和人們之間的血肉聯(lián)系將會深受其害，并且黨將會處于失去其執(zhí)政地位的危險之中或可能走向自我毀滅。

除非有正當(dāng)?shù)睦碛?，否則任何部門(公共的或私人的)沒有人應(yīng)該提供福利。

水壩是人類活動使淡水生態(tài)系統(tǒng)退化的一個引人注目的例子。

10.翻譯題

PutthefollowingintoChinese.

Wheretheparadigmofwarapplies,theexecutivedominatesindecidingwholivesordies.JusticeO'ConnornonethelessclaimedinHamdi(案件名稱)thatthewaronterrordoesnotgivetheexecutiveablankcheck(自由處理權(quán))todoasitpleasesinthenameofsecurity.Ifoneacceptsthispremise,thenthequestionbecomeshowtocontroltheexecutive’swarpowerwithoutundulyhamperingit.UnderaMathews-styleapproach,todeterminewhetherdueprocessdemandsaparticularproceduralcontrolovertargetedkilling(ARA),oneshould:(a)identifytherangeoflegitimateintereststhattheproceduremightprotect;(b)assessthedegreetowhichadoptionoftheprocedureactuallywouldprotecttheseinterests;and(c)weighthesemarginalbenefitsagainstthedamagetheproceduremaycausetootherlegitimateinterests.

Judicialcontroloftargetedkillingcouldincreasetheaccuracyoftargetselection,reducingthedangerofmistakenorillegaldestructionoflives,limbs,andproperty.Independentjudgeswhodouble-checktargetingdecisionscouldcatcherrorsandcauseexecutiveofficialstoavoidmakingtheminthefirstplace.

Morebroadly,judicialcontroloftargetedkillingcouldservetheinterestsofallpeople—

targetsandnon-targets—inblockingtheexecutivefromexercisinganunaccountable,secretpowertokill.Ifpossible,weshouldavoidaworldinwhichtheCIAorotherexecutiveofficialshaveunbelievablepowertodecidewhogetstoliveandwhodiesinthenameofashadowwarthatmightneverend.Everyonehasacognizableinterestinstoppingaslideintotyranny.

【答案】在戰(zhàn)爭模式適用的情況下，行政機構(gòu)主導(dǎo)決定誰生誰死。盡管如此，奧康納法官在哈姆迪案件中聲稱，反恐戰(zhàn)爭并沒有給行政機構(gòu)自由處理權(quán)，讓他們以安全的名義隨心所欲地行事。如果人們接受這一前提，那么問題就變成了如何在不過度阻礙行政權(quán)力的前提下控制其戰(zhàn)爭權(quán)力。根據(jù)馬修斯風(fēng)格的方法，要確定正當(dāng)程序是否需要對有目標(biāo)的殺戮(ARA)進(jìn)行特定的程序控制，應(yīng)該:(a)確定程序可能保護的合法利益范圍;(b)評估采用這一程序?qū)嶋H能在多大程度上保護這些利益;(c)權(quán)衡這些邊際利益與程序可能造成的其他合法利益的損害。

對有針對性殺戮的司法控制可以提高目標(biāo)選擇的準(zhǔn)確性，減少錯誤或非法毀壞生命、肢體和財產(chǎn)的危險。反復(fù)檢查目標(biāo)決策的獨立法官可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)錯誤，并導(dǎo)致行政官員一開始就避免制造這些錯誤。

從更廣泛的意義上講，對有針對性殺戮的司法控制可以服務(wù)于所有人的利益，不管是目標(biāo)人群和還是非目標(biāo)人群，它可以阻止行政部門行使不負(fù)責(zé)任的秘密權(quán)力來進(jìn)行殺戮。如果可能的話，我們應(yīng)該避免這樣一個世界：中央情報局或其他行政官員擁有令人難以置信的權(quán)力，以可能永遠(yuǎn)不會結(jié)束的影子戰(zhàn)爭的名義來決定誰生誰死。每個人對于反對暴政都有明顯的興趣。

11.翻譯題

PutthefollowingpassagesintoChinese:

Thenextsourceoflawthathastobeconsiderediscaselaw,theeffectivecreationandrefinementoflawinthecourseofjudicialdecisions.ItshouldberememberedthattheUnitedKingdom'slawisstillacommonlawsystemandeveniflegislationisofeverincreasingimportance,thesignificanceandeffectivenessofjudicialcreativityshouldnotbediscounted.Judicialdecisionsareasourceoflawthroughtheoperationofthedoctrineofjudicialprecedents.Thisprocessdependsontheestablishedhierarchyofthecourts,andoperatesinsuchawaythatgenerallyacourtisboundbytheratiodecidendiorruleoflawimplicitinthedecisionofacourtaboveitinthehierarchyandusuallybyacourtofequalstandinginthehierarchy.Wherestatutelawdoescoveraparticularareaorwherethelawissilentgenerallyitwillbenecessaryforacourtdecidingcasesrelatingtosuchanareatodeterminewhatthelawisand,insodoing,thatcourtwillinescapablyandunarguablybecreatinglaw.Thescopeforjudicialcreativityshouldnotbeunderestimatedanditshouldberememberedthatthetaskofinterpretingtheactualmeaningoflegislationinparticularcasesalsofallsinthejudiciaryandprovidesitwithafurtherimportantareaofdiscretionaiycreativity.

Thecharacteristicterritorialunitservedbytheprosecutor’sofficeisthecounty:inafewstates,largerdistricts,composedofseveralcounties,arefound.Manycountieshavesolittlecriminalbusiness(otherthanminorviolationsprosecutedbylocalorstatepolicewithouttheaidoftheprosecutor)that,evenwhenthecivillitigationtowhichthecountyisaparty,aswellasothercountylegalwork,areaddedtotheprosecutor’sfunctions,astheycommonlyare,thepostofcountyattorneyisstillonlyapart-timeonewithcompensationofteninadequatetoattractisstillonlyapart-timeonewithcompensationofteninadequatetoattracttheestablishedlawyersofthecounty.Thepostthustendstofalltoapoliticallyactiveyounglawyerstillengagedinbuildinghispractice;anditisnotsurprisingthatheoftentendstoregarditasprimarilyashort-termmeansofprofessionalorpoliticaladvancement.Underthesecircumstances,anythinglikeacareerofficial’sapproachtotheofficeisunlikely.Thecurewouldseemtobeinplacingtheprosecutor'sofficeonadistrictinsteadofacountybasis,thedistrictbeinglargeenoughtowarrantafull-timeprosecutorwithadequatecompensationandadequatestaff.

【答案】下一個要考慮的法律來源是判例法，它是在司法判決的過程中對法律有效創(chuàng)新和完善。我們應(yīng)該牢記，英國的法律仍然是普通法體系，所以即使立法日益重要，司法創(chuàng)新的意義和有效性卻不容低估。司法判決成為法源，貫穿整個司法判例教義的執(zhí)行過程中。這樣的過程依賴于己建立的法院層級體系，而且以這樣的方式運作，即通常某個法院受到隱含于這個層級體系中上級法院的判決中的判決依據(jù)和法律條文的約朿，而且也一般受到這個層級體系中同等地位的法院的約束。法院有必要，在處理涉及法令沒有包含的特殊領(lǐng)域或法律通常沒有記載的領(lǐng)域的案件吋，決定適用的法律并執(zhí)行。這就是法院正在對法律進(jìn)行創(chuàng)新，而這是法院無法逃避也無可爭辯的職責(zé)。我們不應(yīng)該低估司法創(chuàng)新的適用范圍，且應(yīng)該牢記，在特定的情況下，法律的解釋任務(wù)也會落在司法機關(guān)身上，因此，我們要給予司法機關(guān)在重要領(lǐng)域內(nèi)的自由裁量權(quán)。

檢察院所管轄的特殊區(qū)域包括各州、區(qū)的縣。許多縣的犯罪活動較少，一些輕微違法行為，直接由當(dāng)?shù)鼗蛑菥炱鹪V，無須檢方介入。全縣作為訴訟主體的民事訴訟以及其它縣的法律事務(wù)波納入檢察官的職責(zé)范圍之內(nèi)。通常情況下，縣檢察官一職為兼職，所以微薄的薪水不足以留住他們。同樣微薄的薪酬對現(xiàn)有的縣級律師同樣沒有吸引力。因此，這一崗位易于淪為思想活躍、有政治野心的年輕律師職業(yè)生涯的奠基石。經(jīng)常有年輕的律師把它看成是其專業(yè)水平提升與政治地位晉升的一種主要的短線戰(zhàn)略手段，這一現(xiàn)象并不奇怪。在這樣的背景之下，任何人想通過這一方式進(jìn)入到政府機關(guān)都是不大可能的。改善這一現(xiàn)狀的辦法就是將人員安置在區(qū)檢察院而不是縣級檢察院。因為區(qū)檢察院的檢察官是全職人員，有不錯的薪酬，有足夠的工作人員。

12.單選題

His（

）wordsreachedtheeffecthewantedandpeoplegavemoneytohelphim.

問題1選項

A.elegant

B.eloquent

C.evil

D.excessive

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項elegant“優(yōu)雅的”；B選項eloquent“有口才的，有說服力的”；C選項evil“邪惡的”；D選項excessive“極度的，過分的”。句意：他的能言善辯達(dá)到了他想要的效果，人們紛紛捐錢來幫助他。選項B符合語境。

13.單選題

Youmustbeverycareful.Thework（

）precision.

問題1選項

A.retails

B.repels

C.retains

D.entails

【答案】D

【解析】形近詞辨析題。A選項retail“零售，詳述”；B選項repel“擊退，抵制”；C選項retain“保持，固定”；D選項entail“使需要，要求”。句意：你必須非常小心，這項工作對精確性要求極高。選項D符合句意。

14.單選題

Educationinmostofthedevelopingworldisshocking.HalfofchildreninSouthAsiaandathirdofthoseinAfricawhocompletefouryearsofschoolingcannotreadproperly.Mostgovernmentshavepromisedtoprovideuniversalprimaryeducationandtopromotesecondaryeducation.Butevenwhenpublicschoolsexist,theyoftenfail.

Thefailureofstateeducation,combinedwiththeshiftinemergingeconomiesfromfarmingtojobsthatneedatleastamodicumofeducation,hascausedaprivate-schoolboom.AccordingtotheWorldBank,acrossthedevelopingworldafifthofprimary-schoolchildrenareenrolledinprivateschools,twiceasmanyas20yearsago.Somanyprivateschoolsareunregisteredthattherealfigureislikelytobemuchhigher.

Byandlarge,politiciansandeducationalistsareunenthusiastic.Governmentsseeeducationasthestate'sjob.NGOstendtobeideologicallyopposedtotheprivatesector.TheU.N.Specialrapporteuroneducation.KishoreSingh,hassaidthat“for-profiteducationshouldnotbeallowedinordertosafeguardthenoblecauseofeducation”.

Thisattitudeharmsthosewhomeducationalistsclaimtoserve:children.Theboominprivateeducationisexcellentnewsforthemandtheircountries,forthreereasons.

First,itisbringinginmoney—notjustfromparents,butalsofrominvestors,someinsearchofaprofit.Mostprivateschoolsinthedevelopingworldaresingleoperatorsthatchargeafewdollarsamonth,butchainsarenowemerging.

Second,privateschoolsareoftenbettervalueformoneythanstateones.Measuringthisishard,sincethechildrenwhogotoprivateschoolstendtobebetteroff,andthereforelikelytoperformbetter.Butarigorousfour-yearstudyof6,000pupilsinAndhraPradesh,insouthernIndia,suggestedthatprivatepupilsperformedbetterinEnglishandHindithanpublic-schoolpupils,andtheprivateschoolsachievedtheseresultsatathirdofthecostofthepublicschools.

Lastly,privateschoolsareinnovative.Sincetechnologyhasgreat(thoughasyetmostlyunrealized)potentialineducation,thiscouldbeimportant.Bridgegivesteacherstabletslinkedtoacentralsystemthatprovidesteachingmaterialsandmonitorstheirwork.Suchrobo-teachingmaynotbeideal,butitisbetterthanlessonswithouteithermaterialormonitoring.

Theprivatesectorhasproblems.Butthealternativeisoftenapublicschoolthatisworse—ornoschoolatall.Thegrowthofprivateschoolsisamanifestationofthehealthiestofinstincts:parents’desiretodothebestfortheirchildren.Governmentsshouldthereforebeaskingnothowtodiscourageprivateeducation,buthowtoboostit.Ideally,theywouldsubsidizeprivateschools,preferablythroughavoucherwhichparentscouldspendattheschoolsoftheirchoiceandtopup;theywouldregulateschoolstoensurequality;theywouldrunpublicexamstohelpparentsmakeinformedchoice.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,thestategovernmentsindevelopingcountriesfailto（

）.

2.TheauthormentionsKishoreSinghinordertoshow

（

）.

3.Privateschoolssurpassthepubliconesinthat

（

）.

4.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoftheprivateeducation?

5.Whichofthefollowingcanbethetitleofthepassage?

問題1選項

A.providepropereducationforalltheschoolagechildren

B.fulfilltheirpromisesbyestablishingenoughpublicschools

C.improveeducationqualityoftheexistingpublicschools

D.speedupthesocialshiftfromfarmingtomanufacturing

問題2選項

A.howstategovernmentsdislikeprivateeducation

B.whyNGOsaresomuchopposedtoprivatesectors

C.howweshouldsafeguardthenobilityofeducation

D.whatthesocialmainstreamthinksoftheprivateschool

問題3選項

A.theycanobtainmoremoneyfromparents

B.theyhaveachievedbetterteachingquality

C.theycanmakebetteruseofmoneyandinnovate

D.theycanusetabletstoassistteaching

問題4選項

A.Itmeetstheneedofsocialdevelopment.

B.Itshouldbesuspendedandreorganized.

C.Itshouldnotberunpurelyafterhighprofits.

D.Itisencouragedtoreplacepubliceducation.

問題5選項

A.WhyArePrivateSchoolsBoomingSoFast?

B.ShouldPrivateEducationBeHelpedorCurbed?

C.HowShouldtheGovernmentImproveEducation?

D.WhatShouldtheStateDowithPublicSchools?

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句“Mostgovernmentshavepromisedtoprovideuniversalprimaryeducationandtopromotesecondaryeducation.Butevenwhenpublicschoolsexist,theyoftenfail.大多數(shù)政府承諾提供普遍的初等教育以及促進(jìn)中等教育的發(fā)展。但即使公立學(xué)校存在，它們通常還是失敗了?！痹俑鶕?jù)第一段前面的內(nèi)容可推斷，發(fā)展中國家的政府沒有履行他們的承諾，沒有建立足夠的公立學(xué)校。選項B符合原文；選項A和選項C在文中沒有提及；選項D是私立學(xué)校繁榮的原因之一，不符合題意。所以只有選項B正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“KishoreSingh”定位第三段“KishoreSingh,hassaidthat‘for-profiteducationshouldnotbeallowedinordertosafeguardthenoblecauseofeducation’”聯(lián)合國教育特別報告員KishoreSingh曾表示：“為了捍衛(wèi)教育的崇高事業(yè)，不應(yīng)該允許營利性教育?！边@是對原文中上一句“NGOstendtobeideologicallyopposedtotheprivatesector.非政府組織往往在意識形態(tài)上反對私營部門”的解釋，說明非政府組織反對私營機構(gòu)的理由。因此選項B符合原文。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)原文倒數(shù)兩段的首句“privateschoolsareoftenbettervalueformoneythanstateones.私立學(xué)校通常比公立學(xué)校更物有所值?！币簿褪悄軌虺浞掷觅Y金。“privateschoolsareinnovative.”私立學(xué)校具有創(chuàng)新性。所以選項C符合原文。選項A顯然不是私立學(xué)校超越公立學(xué)校的原因；選項B在文中沒有提及；選項D表述過于片面。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段第三句“Governmentsshouldthereforebeaskingnothowtodiscourageprivateeducation,buthowtoboostit.政府不應(yīng)該打擊私營教育，而應(yīng)該大力發(fā)展私營教育。”由此可推斷，作者認(rèn)為私營教育是符合社會發(fā)展的需求的。選項A正確。選項B與作者的觀點不符；選項C在文中沒有提及；選項D表述過于絕對。

5.主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，作者首先指出了發(fā)展中國家政府在公立教育方面的失敗，接著提到私營教育的發(fā)展，政府反對私營教育，而作者認(rèn)為應(yīng)該大力發(fā)展私營教育，所以本文的主要內(nèi)容是討論支持還是反對私營教育。選項B最為恰當(dāng)。

15.單選題

CampaigningontheIndianfrontierisanexperiencebyitself.Neitherthelandscapenorthepeoplefindtheircounterpartsinanyotherportionoftheglobe.Valleywallsrisesteeplyfiveorsixthousandfeetoneveryside.Thecolumnscramthroughamazeofgiantcorridorsdownwhichfiercesnow-fedtorrentsfoamunderskiesofbrass.Amidthesescenesofsavagebrilliancytheredwellsaracewhosequalifiesseemtoharmonizewiththeirenvironment.Exceptatharvest-time,whenself-preservationrequiresatemporarytruce,thePathantribesarealwaysengagedinprivateorpublicwar.Everymanisawarrior,apoliticianandatheologian.Everylargehouseisarealfeudalfortressmade,itistrue,onlyofsun-bakedclay,butwithbattlements,turrets,loopholes,drawbridges,etc.Complete.Everyvillagehasitsdefence.Everyfamilycultivatesitsvendetta;everyclan,itsfeud.Thenumeroustribesandcombinationsoftribesallhavetheiraccountstosettlewithoneanother.Nothingiseverforgotten,andveryfewdebtsareleftunpaid.Forthepurposesofsociallife,inadditiontotheconventionaboutharvest-time,amostelaboratecodeofhonourhasbeenestablishedandisonthewholefaithfullyobserved.Amanwhoknewitandobserveditfaultlesslymightpassunarmedfromoneendofthefrontiertoanother.Theslightesttechnicalslipwould,however,befatal.ThelifeofthePathanisthusfullofinterest;andhisvalleys,nourishedalikebyendlesssunshineandabundantwater,arefertileenoughtoyieldwithlittlelabourthemodestmaterialrequirementsofasparsepopulation.

Intothishappyworldthenineteenthcenturybroughttwonewfacts;therifleandtheBritishGovernment.Thefirstwasanenormousluxuryandblessing;thesecond,anunmitigatednuisance.TheconvenienceoftheriflewasnowheremoreappreciatedthanintheIndianhighlands.Aweaponwhichwouldkillwithaccuracyatfifteenhundredyardsopenedawholenewvistaofdelightstoeveryfamilyorclanwhichcouldacquireit.Onecouldactuallyremaininone'sownhouseandfileatone'sneighbournearlyamileaway.Onecouldlieinwaitonsomehighcrag,andathithertounheard-ofrangeshitahorsemanfarbelow.Evenvillagescouldfireateachotherwithoutthetroubleofgoingfarfromhome.Fabulouspriceswerethereforeofferedforthesegloriousproductsofscience.Rifle-thievesscouredallIndiatoreinforcetheeffortsofthehonestsmuggler.Asteadyflowofthecovetedweaponsspreaditsgenialinfluencethroughoutthefrontier,andtherespectwhichthePathantribesmenentertainedforChristiancivilizationwasvastlyenhanced.

TheactionoftheBritishGovernmentontheotherhandwasentirelyunsatisfactory.Thegreatorganizing,advancing,absorbingpowertothesouthwardseemedtobelittlebetterthanamonstrousspoil-sport.IfthePathanmadeforaysintotheplains,notonlyweretheydrivenback(whichafterallwasnomorethanfair),butawholeseriesofsubsequentinterferencestookplace,followedatintervalsbyexpeditionswhichtoiledlaboriouslythroughthevalleys,scoldingthetribesmenandexactingfinesforanydamagewhichtheyhaddone.Noonewouldhavemindedtheseexpeditionsiftheyhadsimplycome,hadafightandthengoneawayagain.Inmanycasesthiswastheirpracticeunderwhatwascalledthe“butcherandboltpolicy"towhichtheGovernmentofIndialongadhered.Buttowardstheendofthenineteenthcenturytheseintrudersbegantomakeroadsthroughmanyofthevalleys,andinparticularthegreatroadtoChitral.Theysoughttoensurethesafetyoftheseroadsbythreatsbyfortsandbysubsidies.Therewasnoobjectiontothelastmethodsofarasitwent.Butthewholeofthistendencytoroad-makingwasregardedbythePathanswithprofounddistaste.Allalongtheroadpeoplewereexpectedtokeepquiet,nottoshootoneanother,andaboveallnottoshootattravelersalongtheroad.Itwastoomuchtoask,andawholeseriesofquarrelstooktheiroriginfromthissource.

1.Theworddebtsin"veryfewdebtsareleftunpaid"infilefirstparagraphmeans（

）.

2.WhichoffilefollowingisNOToneofthegeographicalfactsabouttheIndianfrontier?

3.Accordingtothepassage,thePathanswelcomed（

）.

4.BuildingroadsbytheBritish（

）.

5.Asuitabletitleforthepassagewouldbe（

）.

問題1選項

A.loans

B.accounts

C.killings

D.bargains

問題2選項

A.Meltingsnows

B.Largepopulation

C.Steephillsides

D.Fertilevalleys

問題3選項

A.theintroductionoftherifle

B.thespreadofBritishrule

C.theextensionofluxuries

D.thespreadoftrade

問題4選項

A.putanendtoawholeseriesofquarrels

B.preventedthePathansfromcomingonfeuds

C.lessenedthesubsidiespaidtothePathans

D.gavethePathansamuchquieterlife

問題5選項

A.CampaigningontheIndianFrontier

B.WhythePathansResentedtheBritishRule

C.ThePopularityofRiflesamongthePathans

D.ThePathansatWar

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.詞義題。根據(jù)原文內(nèi)容可知，“debts”不是指債務(wù),而是上文提及的“Everyfamilycultivatesitsvendetta;everyclan,itsfeud.Thenumeroustribesandcombinationsoftribesallhavetheiraccountstosettlewithoneanother.每個家庭和氏族都有世仇恩怨，長期不和。眾多的部落和部落的組合形成了怨怨相報的惡性循環(huán)局面?！彼赃x項C正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“ThelifeofthePathanisthusfullofinterest;andhisvalleys,nourishedalikebyendlesssunshineandabundantwater,arefertileenoughtoyieldwithlittlelabourthemodestmaterialrequirementsofasparsepopulation.帕坦人的生活充滿了樂趣，山谷被無盡的陽光和充沛的水滋養(yǎng)著，肥沃得幾乎不需要勞動就能生產(chǎn)出稀少人口所需的適量物資?！庇纱丝芍?選項B與原文中“sparsepopulation”不符。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第二段第三句“TheconvenienceoftheriflewasnowheremoreappreciatedthanintheIndianhighlands.”步槍的便捷性在印度高地最受歡迎。選項A正確。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段的最后一句...awholeseriesofquarrelstooktheiroriginfromthissource.一系列的爭吵就是從這個源頭開始的?！笨芍x項A錯誤；根據(jù)“Theysoughttoensurethesafetyoftheseroadsbythreats,byfortsandbysubsidies.他們試圖通過威脅、筑堡壘和發(fā)放補貼來確保這些道路的安全?！笨芍x項C也錯誤；選項D在文中沒有提及；根據(jù)最后一段倒數(shù)第二句“Allalongtheroadpeoplewereexpectedtokeepquiet,nottoshootoneanother,andaboveallnottoshootattravelersalongtheroad.一路上人們都被要求保持安靜，不要互相射擊,最重要的是不要向沿途的行人開槍?！笨陀^上來說,阻止了帕坦人之間的仇恨,所以選項B正確。

5.主旨大意題。結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容可知，本文主要描述的都是和帕坦人相關(guān)，所以首先排除選項A，范圍太廣；選項B和C只是文中提到的細(xì)節(jié)，不夠全面；只有選項D最能概括全文主旨，所以正確。

16.單選題

Sincethecouplecouldnot（

）theirdifference,theydecidedtogetadivorce.

問題1選項

A.reconcile

B.comply

C.coincide

D.resign

【答案】A

【解析】動詞辨析題。A選項reconcile“調(diào)和，使一致”；B選comply“遵守，順從”；C選項coincide“一致，符合”；D選項resign“辭職”。句意：由于這對夫婦無法調(diào)和他們之間的分歧，他們決定離婚。選項A符合句意。

17.單選題

The（

）bonesofanelderlypersonmayfractureeasily.

問題1選項

A.slender

B.brittle

C.dense

D.firm

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項slender“細(xì)長的，苗條的”；B選項brittle“脆弱的”；C選項dense“稠密的”；D選項firm“堅定的”。句意：老年人脆弱的骨頭可能容易折斷。選項B符合句意。

18.單選題

Towhatextentwillfuturescientificdiscoveriesmakepossiblethe（

）ofthehumanlifespan?

問題1選項

A.increase

B.prolongation

C.expansion

D.growth

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項increase“增加”；B選項prolongation“延伸”；C選項expansion“闡述”；D選項growth“成長”。句意：未來的科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)能在多大程度上延長人類的壽命?選項B符合句意。

19.單選題

Youshould（

）yourselfwiththerelevantfactsbeforemakingadecision.

問題1選項

A.acquaint

B.acquire

C.acknowledge

D.attempt

【答案】A

【解析】動詞辨析題。A選項acquaint“使熟悉，使認(rèn)識”；B選項acquire“獲得”；C選項acknowledge“承認(rèn)，答謝”；D選項attempt“企圖，嘗試”。句意：在做決定之前，你應(yīng)該熟悉相關(guān)的事實。選項A符合句意。

20.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingChinesepassageintoEnglish

全球化對發(fā)達(dá)國家和發(fā)展中國家都是一個挑戰(zhàn)。隨著全球化的發(fā)展，世界各國之間的經(jīng)濟合作不斷加強。中國擁有一個13億人口的大市場，會為拉動世界的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展提供可觀的動力。中國還要大規(guī)模開展基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的建設(shè)，改造和提升工業(yè)企業(yè)裝備水平，還要不斷提高農(nóng)業(yè)的生產(chǎn)和加工能力。這些都需要在國際合作的環(huán)境中才能實現(xiàn)，各國之間不斷擴大的經(jīng)貿(mào)和各領(lǐng)域的合作關(guān)系，有助于推動世界經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展。

【答案】Globalizationisachallengeforboththedevelopedanddevelopingcountries.Withthedevelopmentofglobalization,theeconomiccooperationamongcountriesaroundtheworldhasbeenstrengthenedconstantly.Chinahasamarketasbigas1.3billionpeople,whichwillgivesubstantialimpetustoboosttheworldeconomy.Chinawillcontinueitslarge-scaleinfrastructureprogram,upgradeitsindustrialequipmentandimproveitsagriculturalproductionaswellasprocessingcapability.Alltheaboverequiresanenvironmentofinternationalcooperation.Cooperationamongcountriesaroundtheworldineconomyandtradeandalsoinotherfieldsareconducivetothegrowthoftheworldeconomy.

21.單選題

It’sour（

）thattheneweconomicpolicywillbringgreatprosperitytothiscompany.

問題1選項

A.confidence

B.conviction

C.recommendation

D.insurance

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項confidence“信心”；B選項conviction“確信”；C選項recommendation“推薦”；D選項insurance“保險”。句意：我們相信新的經(jīng)濟政策會給公司帶來巨大的繁榮。選項B符合句意。

22.單選題

Imustleavenow.（

）ifyouwantthatbookIwillbringittomorrow.

問題1選項

A.Occasionally

B.Accidentally

C.Incidentally

D.Subsequently

【答案】C

【解析】副詞辨析題。A選項Occasionally“偶爾，間或”；B選項Accidentally“意外地，偶然地”；C選項Incidentally“順便，附帶地”；D選項Subsequently“隨后，后來”。句意：我必須得離開了。順便說一句，如果你想要那本書，我明天就帶過來。選項C符合語境。

23.單選題

Radarisusedtoextendthe（

）ofman'ssensesforobservinghisenvironment,especiallythesenseofvision.

問題1選項

A.validity

B.liability

C.capability

D.intensity

【答案】C

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項validity“有效性，正確性”；B選項liability“責(zé)任，可能性”；C選項capability“才能，能力”；D選項intensity“強度”。句意：雷達(dá)是用來擴展人們觀察環(huán)境的感知能力，特別是視覺感知能力。選項C符合語境。

24.單選題

TV,radioandnewspaperareimportant（

）foradvertising.

問題1選項

A.features

B.broadcasting

C.publications

D.media

【答案】D

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項feature“特色，特征”；B選項broadcast“廣播”；C選項publication“出版，發(fā)表”；D選項media“媒介”。句意：電視、廣播和報紙是廣告的重要媒介。選項D符合句意。

25.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.

沒有改革開放，就沒有今天的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展。

祖國的地下到處都是埋藏著豐富的礦產(chǎn)資源。

弄得不好，就會前功盡棄。

不經(jīng)一事，不長一智。

青年人和老年人不同，女青年和老太太也不同，不考慮這些情況，恐怕就解決不好“代溝”問題。

【答案】Withoutthereformandopening-up,theeconomicwillnotbewelldevelopedliketoday.

Therearerichmineralresourcesatundergroundofourmotherland.

Ifscrewup,you'llbacktosquareone.

Afallinthepit;againinthewit.

Theyoungdiffersfromtheoldwhiletheyoungwomenandoldladyvaryalot,withoutattentiontothis,it'shardtosolvethe“generationgap”.

26.單選題

Acomprehensivemarketsystemshouldbeestablishedto（

）theflowoftalent,fundsandmaterials.

問題1選項

A.suffice

B.necessitate

C.facilitate

D.fabricate

【答案】C

【解析】動詞辨析題。A選項suffice“使?jié)M足”；B選項necessitate“使成為必需”；C選項facilitate“促進(jìn)，幫助”；D選項fabricate“偽造”。句意：應(yīng)該建立完善的市場體系促進(jìn)人才、資金和物資的流動。選項C符合句意。

27.單選題

Iwasalwaystaughtthatitwas（

）tointerrupt.

問題1選項

A.rude

B.coarse

C.rough

D.crude

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項rude“粗魯?shù)模瑹o禮的”；B選項coarse“粗糙的，粗俗的”；C選項rough“粗野的，粗略的”；D選項crude“天然的，未加工的”。句意：我總是被教導(dǎo)打斷別人說話是粗魯?shù)?。選項A符合句意。

28.單選題

Theywereaccusedof（

）tooverthrowthegovernmentandweresentencedtojail.

問題1選項

A.intrigue

B.conspiracy

C.plot

D.sin

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項intrigue“陰謀，私通”；B選項conspiracy“陰謀，共謀”；C選項plot“情節(jié)”；D選項sin“罪惡”。句意：他們被指控共謀推翻政府，并被判入獄。conspiracy側(cè)重于政治方面的陰謀，所以選項B更符合語境。

29.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingintoChinese

MembersshallgiveeffecttotheprovisionsofthisAgreement.Membersmay,butshallnotbeobligedto,implementintheirlawmoreextensiveprotectionthanisrequiredbythisAgreement,providedthatsuchprotectiondoesnotcontravenetheprovisionsofthisAgreement.MembersshallbefreetodeterminetheappropriatemethodofimplementingtheprovisionsofthisAgreementwithintheirownlegalsystemandpractice.

ForthepurposesofthisAgreement,theterm“intellectualproperty”referstoallcategoriesofintellectualpropertythatarethesubjectofSectionIthrough7ofPartII.

MembersshallaccordthetreatmentprovidedforinthisAgreementtothenationalsofotherMembers.Inrespectoftherelevantintellectualpropertyright,thenationalofotherMembersshallbeunderstoodasthosenaturalorlegalpersonsthatwouldmeetthecriteriaforeligibilityforprotectionprovidedforintheParisConvention(1967),theBerneConvention(1971),theRomeConventionandtheTreatyonIntellectualPropertyinRespectofIntegratedCircuits,wereallMembersoftheWTOmembersofthoseconventions.AnyMemberavailingitselfofthepossibilitiesprovidedinParagraph3ofArticle5orParagraph2ofArticle6oftheRomeConventionshallmakeanotificationasforeseeninthoseprovisions