2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-西南政法大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號(hào)35

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-西南政法大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Onenteringtheroom,he（

）hiseyesrounditbutsawnothingstrange.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.jerked

B.flung

C.tossed

D.cast

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)jerk“猛拉”；B選項(xiàng)fling“擲，拋”；C選項(xiàng)toss“拋，投”；D選項(xiàng)cast“投擲”。選項(xiàng)B，C，D都要投擲的意思，但只有選項(xiàng)D能與后面的round搭配使用，castround意為“尋找”，句意：一進(jìn)房間，他就環(huán)視四周（尋找），但沒(méi)有發(fā)現(xiàn)什么奇怪的東西。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

2.單選題

TheforeignstudentinChinais（

）withagooddealofChineseculture.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.scattered

B.overflowed

C.permeated

D.manipulated

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)scattered“分散的，散亂的”；B選項(xiàng)overflowed“溢出的”；C選項(xiàng)permeated“滲透，彌漫”，bepermeatedwith洋溢著；D選項(xiàng)manipulated“操作”。句意：在中國(guó)的外國(guó)學(xué)生洋溢著大量的中國(guó)文化氣息。選項(xiàng)C更符合語(yǔ)境。

3.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish

公民、法人的合法民事權(quán)益受法律保護(hù)，任何組織和個(gè)人不得侵犯。

已滿16歲的人犯罪，應(yīng)當(dāng)負(fù)刑事貴任。

【答案】Thelawfulcivilrightsandinterestsofcitizensandjuristicpersonareprotectedbythelaw,andanyorganizationorindividualisnotallowedtoinfringethem.

Apersonofnolessthan16yearsoldwhocommitsacrimeshallbearcriminalresponsibility.

4.單選題

Oneoftheproblemstheyhavetodealwithisthe（

）ofplasticcontainers.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.disposal

B.dissolution

C.disposition

D.disappearance

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)disposal“處理”；B選項(xiàng)dissolution“分解，溶解”；C選項(xiàng)disposition“性情，傾向”；D選項(xiàng)disappearance“消失”。句意：他們必須處理的問(wèn)題之一是塑料容器的處理。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

5.單選題

Thereismuchdiscussiontodayabouttheneedforthegovernmentto（

）thetheatre.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.substitute

B.subsidize

C.subscribe

D.subordinate

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)substitute“代替”；B選項(xiàng)subsidize“資助”；C選項(xiàng)subscribe“簽署，贊成”；D選項(xiàng)subordinate“使服從”。句意：今天將重點(diǎn)討論政府是否有必要對(duì)劇院進(jìn)行補(bǔ)貼。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

6.單選題

AlthoughItriedtoconcentrateonthelecture,Iwas（

）bythenoisefromthenextroom.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.dissuaded

B.averted

C.repressed

D.distracted

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)dissuade“勸阻”；B選項(xiàng)avert“轉(zhuǎn)移”；C選項(xiàng)repress“抑制，鎮(zhèn)壓”；D選項(xiàng)distract“分心”。句意：盡管我試圖集中注意力聽(tīng)演講，但還是被隔壁房間的噪音分心。選項(xiàng)D符合語(yǔ)境。

7.單選題

Anydriverstoppedbythepoliceforsomeminortraffic（

）canbeaskedtotaketestforalcoholicdrinking.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.violation

B.accident

C.congestion

D.devastation

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)violation“違反，妨礙”；B選項(xiàng)accident“事故，意外”；C選項(xiàng)congestion“擁擠”；D選項(xiàng)devastation“毀壞”。句意：任何因輕微交通違規(guī)而被警察攔下的司機(jī)都可能被要求參加酒精測(cè)試。選項(xiàng)A符合語(yǔ)境。

8.單選題

Bysigningtheleasewemadea（

）topayarentof$200aweek.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.conception

B.commission

C.commitment

D.confinement

【答案】C

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)conception“概念，設(shè)想”；B選項(xiàng)commission“委員會(huì)；傭金”；C選項(xiàng)commitment“承諾，保證”；D選項(xiàng)confinement“限制，監(jiān)禁”。句意：通過(guò)簽訂租約，我們承諾每周支付200美元的租金。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

9.翻譯題

Wemustcontinuewiththereformintaxandfeeinruralareastolightentheburdensoffarmersandprotecttheirinterests.

Chinadoesnotseekhegemonyorpredominanceinworldaffairs.Itadvocatesanewinternationalpoliticalandeconomicorder.

Ifwedonotcrackdownoncorruption,theflesh-and-bloodtiesbetweenthePartyandthepeoplewillsufferalotandthePartywillbeindangeroflosingitsrulingposition,orpossiblyheadingforself-destruction.

Nobodyinanysector,publicorprivate,shouldofferbenefitsunlessforagoodreason.

Damsareadramaticexampleofahumanactivitythatdegradesfreshwaterecosystems.

【答案】為了減輕農(nóng)民的負(fù)擔(dān)和保護(hù)他們的利益，我們一定要繼續(xù)進(jìn)行農(nóng)村稅費(fèi)改革。

中國(guó)在世界事務(wù)中不謀求霸權(quán)或主導(dǎo)地位。它主張一個(gè)新的國(guó)際政治和經(jīng)濟(jì)秩序。

如果我們不打擊腐敗，那么黨和人們之間的血肉聯(lián)系將會(huì)深受其害，并且黨將會(huì)處于失去其執(zhí)政地位的危險(xiǎn)之中或可能走向自我毀滅。

除非有正當(dāng)?shù)睦碛?，否則任何部門(mén)(公共的或私人的)沒(méi)有人應(yīng)該提供福利。

水壩是人類活動(dòng)使淡水生態(tài)系統(tǒng)退化的一個(gè)引人注目的例子。

10.翻譯題

PutthefollowingintoChinese.

Wheretheparadigmofwarapplies,theexecutivedominatesindecidingwholivesordies.JusticeO'ConnornonethelessclaimedinHamdi(案件名稱)thatthewaronterrordoesnotgivetheexecutiveablankcheck(自由處理權(quán))todoasitpleasesinthenameofsecurity.Ifoneacceptsthispremise,thenthequestionbecomeshowtocontroltheexecutive’swarpowerwithoutundulyhamperingit.UnderaMathews-styleapproach,todeterminewhetherdueprocessdemandsaparticularproceduralcontrolovertargetedkilling(ARA),oneshould:(a)identifytherangeoflegitimateintereststhattheproceduremightprotect;(b)assessthedegreetowhichadoptionoftheprocedureactuallywouldprotecttheseinterests;and(c)weighthesemarginalbenefitsagainstthedamagetheproceduremaycausetootherlegitimateinterests.

Judicialcontroloftargetedkillingcouldincreasetheaccuracyoftargetselection,reducingthedangerofmistakenorillegaldestructionoflives,limbs,andproperty.Independentjudgeswhodouble-checktargetingdecisionscouldcatcherrorsandcauseexecutiveofficialstoavoidmakingtheminthefirstplace.

Morebroadly,judicialcontroloftargetedkillingcouldservetheinterestsofallpeople—

targetsandnon-targets—inblockingtheexecutivefromexercisinganunaccountable,secretpowertokill.Ifpossible,weshouldavoidaworldinwhichtheCIAorotherexecutiveofficialshaveunbelievablepowertodecidewhogetstoliveandwhodiesinthenameofashadowwarthatmightneverend.Everyonehasacognizableinterestinstoppingaslideintotyranny.

【答案】在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)模式適用的情況下，行政機(jī)構(gòu)主導(dǎo)決定誰(shuí)生誰(shuí)死。盡管如此，奧康納法官在哈姆迪案件中聲稱，反恐戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)并沒(méi)有給行政機(jī)構(gòu)自由處理權(quán)，讓他們以安全的名義隨心所欲地行事。如果人們接受這一前提，那么問(wèn)題就變成了如何在不過(guò)度阻礙行政權(quán)力的前提下控制其戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)權(quán)力。根據(jù)馬修斯風(fēng)格的方法，要確定正當(dāng)程序是否需要對(duì)有目標(biāo)的殺戮(ARA)進(jìn)行特定的程序控制，應(yīng)該:(a)確定程序可能保護(hù)的合法利益范圍;(b)評(píng)估采用這一程序?qū)嶋H能在多大程度上保護(hù)這些利益;(c)權(quán)衡這些邊際利益與程序可能造成的其他合法利益的損害。

對(duì)有針對(duì)性殺戮的司法控制可以提高目標(biāo)選擇的準(zhǔn)確性，減少錯(cuò)誤或非法毀壞生命、肢體和財(cái)產(chǎn)的危險(xiǎn)。反復(fù)檢查目標(biāo)決策的獨(dú)立法官可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤，并導(dǎo)致行政官員一開(kāi)始就避免制造這些錯(cuò)誤。

從更廣泛的意義上講，對(duì)有針對(duì)性殺戮的司法控制可以服務(wù)于所有人的利益，不管是目標(biāo)人群和還是非目標(biāo)人群，它可以阻止行政部門(mén)行使不負(fù)責(zé)任的秘密權(quán)力來(lái)進(jìn)行殺戮。如果可能的話，我們應(yīng)該避免這樣一個(gè)世界：中央情報(bào)局或其他行政官員擁有令人難以置信的權(quán)力，以可能永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)結(jié)束的影子戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的名義來(lái)決定誰(shuí)生誰(shuí)死。每個(gè)人對(duì)于反對(duì)暴政都有明顯的興趣。

11.翻譯題

PutthefollowingpassagesintoChinese:

Thenextsourceoflawthathastobeconsiderediscaselaw,theeffectivecreationandrefinementoflawinthecourseofjudicialdecisions.ItshouldberememberedthattheUnitedKingdom'slawisstillacommonlawsystemandeveniflegislationisofeverincreasingimportance,thesignificanceandeffectivenessofjudicialcreativityshouldnotbediscounted.Judicialdecisionsareasourceoflawthroughtheoperationofthedoctrineofjudicialprecedents.Thisprocessdependsontheestablishedhierarchyofthecourts,andoperatesinsuchawaythatgenerallyacourtisboundbytheratiodecidendiorruleoflawimplicitinthedecisionofacourtaboveitinthehierarchyandusuallybyacourtofequalstandinginthehierarchy.Wherestatutelawdoescoveraparticularareaorwherethelawissilentgenerallyitwillbenecessaryforacourtdecidingcasesrelatingtosuchanareatodeterminewhatthelawisand,insodoing,thatcourtwillinescapablyandunarguablybecreatinglaw.Thescopeforjudicialcreativityshouldnotbeunderestimatedanditshouldberememberedthatthetaskofinterpretingtheactualmeaningoflegislationinparticularcasesalsofallsinthejudiciaryandprovidesitwithafurtherimportantareaofdiscretionaiycreativity.

Thecharacteristicterritorialunitservedbytheprosecutor’sofficeisthecounty:inafewstates,largerdistricts,composedofseveralcounties,arefound.Manycountieshavesolittlecriminalbusiness(otherthanminorviolationsprosecutedbylocalorstatepolicewithouttheaidoftheprosecutor)that,evenwhenthecivillitigationtowhichthecountyisaparty,aswellasothercountylegalwork,areaddedtotheprosecutor’sfunctions,astheycommonlyare,thepostofcountyattorneyisstillonlyapart-timeonewithcompensationofteninadequatetoattractisstillonlyapart-timeonewithcompensationofteninadequatetoattracttheestablishedlawyersofthecounty.Thepostthustendstofalltoapoliticallyactiveyounglawyerstillengagedinbuildinghispractice;anditisnotsurprisingthatheoftentendstoregarditasprimarilyashort-termmeansofprofessionalorpoliticaladvancement.Underthesecircumstances,anythinglikeacareerofficial’sapproachtotheofficeisunlikely.Thecurewouldseemtobeinplacingtheprosecutor'sofficeonadistrictinsteadofacountybasis,thedistrictbeinglargeenoughtowarrantafull-timeprosecutorwithadequatecompensationandadequatestaff.

【答案】下一個(gè)要考慮的法律來(lái)源是判例法，它是在司法判決的過(guò)程中對(duì)法律有效創(chuàng)新和完善。我們應(yīng)該牢記，英國(guó)的法律仍然是普通法體系，所以即使立法日益重要，司法創(chuàng)新的意義和有效性卻不容低估。司法判決成為法源，貫穿整個(gè)司法判例教義的執(zhí)行過(guò)程中。這樣的過(guò)程依賴于己建立的法院層級(jí)體系，而且以這樣的方式運(yùn)作，即通常某個(gè)法院受到隱含于這個(gè)層級(jí)體系中上級(jí)法院的判決中的判決依據(jù)和法律條文的約朿，而且也一般受到這個(gè)層級(jí)體系中同等地位的法院的約束。法院有必要，在處理涉及法令沒(méi)有包含的特殊領(lǐng)域或法律通常沒(méi)有記載的領(lǐng)域的案件吋，決定適用的法律并執(zhí)行。這就是法院正在對(duì)法律進(jìn)行創(chuàng)新，而這是法院無(wú)法逃避也無(wú)可爭(zhēng)辯的職責(zé)。我們不應(yīng)該低估司法創(chuàng)新的適用范圍，且應(yīng)該牢記，在特定的情況下，法律的解釋任務(wù)也會(huì)落在司法機(jī)關(guān)身上，因此，我們要給予司法機(jī)關(guān)在重要領(lǐng)域內(nèi)的自由裁量權(quán)。

檢察院所管轄的特殊區(qū)域包括各州、區(qū)的縣。許多縣的犯罪活動(dòng)較少，一些輕微違法行為，直接由當(dāng)?shù)鼗蛑菥炱鹪V，無(wú)須檢方介入。全縣作為訴訟主體的民事訴訟以及其它縣的法律事務(wù)波納入檢察官的職責(zé)范圍之內(nèi)。通常情況下，縣檢察官一職為兼職，所以微薄的薪水不足以留住他們。同樣微薄的薪酬對(duì)現(xiàn)有的縣級(jí)律師同樣沒(méi)有吸引力。因此，這一崗位易于淪為思想活躍、有政治野心的年輕律師職業(yè)生涯的奠基石。經(jīng)常有年輕的律師把它看成是其專業(yè)水平提升與政治地位晉升的一種主要的短線戰(zhàn)略手段，這一現(xiàn)象并不奇怪。在這樣的背景之下，任何人想通過(guò)這一方式進(jìn)入到政府機(jī)關(guān)都是不大可能的。改善這一現(xiàn)狀的辦法就是將人員安置在區(qū)檢察院而不是縣級(jí)檢察院。因?yàn)閰^(qū)檢察院的檢察官是全職人員，有不錯(cuò)的薪酬，有足夠的工作人員。

12.單選題

His（

）wordsreachedtheeffecthewantedandpeoplegavemoneytohelphim.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.elegant

B.eloquent

C.evil

D.excessive

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)elegant“優(yōu)雅的”；B選項(xiàng)eloquent“有口才的，有說(shuō)服力的”；C選項(xiàng)evil“邪惡的”；D選項(xiàng)excessive“極度的，過(guò)分的”。句意：他的能言善辯達(dá)到了他想要的效果，人們紛紛捐錢(qián)來(lái)幫助他。選項(xiàng)B符合語(yǔ)境。

13.單選題

Youmustbeverycareful.Thework（

）precision.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.retails

B.repels

C.retains

D.entails

【答案】D

【解析】形近詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)retail“零售，詳述”；B選項(xiàng)repel“擊退，抵制”；C選項(xiàng)retain“保持，固定”；D選項(xiàng)entail“使需要，要求”。句意：你必須非常小心，這項(xiàng)工作對(duì)精確性要求極高。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

14.單選題

Educationinmostofthedevelopingworldisshocking.HalfofchildreninSouthAsiaandathirdofthoseinAfricawhocompletefouryearsofschoolingcannotreadproperly.Mostgovernmentshavepromisedtoprovideuniversalprimaryeducationandtopromotesecondaryeducation.Butevenwhenpublicschoolsexist,theyoftenfail.

Thefailureofstateeducation,combinedwiththeshiftinemergingeconomiesfromfarmingtojobsthatneedatleastamodicumofeducation,hascausedaprivate-schoolboom.AccordingtotheWorldBank,acrossthedevelopingworldafifthofprimary-schoolchildrenareenrolledinprivateschools,twiceasmanyas20yearsago.Somanyprivateschoolsareunregisteredthattherealfigureislikelytobemuchhigher.

Byandlarge,politiciansandeducationalistsareunenthusiastic.Governmentsseeeducationasthestate'sjob.NGOstendtobeideologicallyopposedtotheprivatesector.TheU.N.Specialrapporteuroneducation.KishoreSingh,hassaidthat“for-profiteducationshouldnotbeallowedinordertosafeguardthenoblecauseofeducation”.

Thisattitudeharmsthosewhomeducationalistsclaimtoserve:children.Theboominprivateeducationisexcellentnewsforthemandtheircountries,forthreereasons.

First,itisbringinginmoney—notjustfromparents,butalsofrominvestors,someinsearchofaprofit.Mostprivateschoolsinthedevelopingworldaresingleoperatorsthatchargeafewdollarsamonth,butchainsarenowemerging.

Second,privateschoolsareoftenbettervalueformoneythanstateones.Measuringthisishard,sincethechildrenwhogotoprivateschoolstendtobebetteroff,andthereforelikelytoperformbetter.Butarigorousfour-yearstudyof6,000pupilsinAndhraPradesh,insouthernIndia,suggestedthatprivatepupilsperformedbetterinEnglishandHindithanpublic-schoolpupils,andtheprivateschoolsachievedtheseresultsatathirdofthecostofthepublicschools.

Lastly,privateschoolsareinnovative.Sincetechnologyhasgreat(thoughasyetmostlyunrealized)potentialineducation,thiscouldbeimportant.Bridgegivesteacherstabletslinkedtoacentralsystemthatprovidesteachingmaterialsandmonitorstheirwork.Suchrobo-teachingmaynotbeideal,butitisbetterthanlessonswithouteithermaterialormonitoring.

Theprivatesectorhasproblems.Butthealternativeisoftenapublicschoolthatisworse—ornoschoolatall.Thegrowthofprivateschoolsisamanifestationofthehealthiestofinstincts:parents’desiretodothebestfortheirchildren.Governmentsshouldthereforebeaskingnothowtodiscourageprivateeducation,buthowtoboostit.Ideally,theywouldsubsidizeprivateschools,preferablythroughavoucherwhichparentscouldspendattheschoolsoftheirchoiceandtopup;theywouldregulateschoolstoensurequality;theywouldrunpublicexamstohelpparentsmakeinformedchoice.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,thestategovernmentsindevelopingcountriesfailto（

）.

2.TheauthormentionsKishoreSinghinordertoshow

（

）.

3.Privateschoolssurpassthepubliconesinthat

（

）.

4.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoftheprivateeducation?

5.Whichofthefollowingcanbethetitleofthepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.providepropereducationforalltheschoolagechildren

B.fulfilltheirpromisesbyestablishingenoughpublicschools

C.improveeducationqualityoftheexistingpublicschools

D.speedupthesocialshiftfromfarmingtomanufacturing

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.howstategovernmentsdislikeprivateeducation

B.whyNGOsaresomuchopposedtoprivatesectors

C.howweshouldsafeguardthenobilityofeducation

D.whatthesocialmainstreamthinksoftheprivateschool

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.theycanobtainmoremoneyfromparents

B.theyhaveachievedbetterteachingquality

C.theycanmakebetteruseofmoneyandinnovate

D.theycanusetabletstoassistteaching

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Itmeetstheneedofsocialdevelopment.

B.Itshouldbesuspendedandreorganized.

C.Itshouldnotberunpurelyafterhighprofits.

D.Itisencouragedtoreplacepubliceducation.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.WhyArePrivateSchoolsBoomingSoFast?

B.ShouldPrivateEducationBeHelpedorCurbed?

C.HowShouldtheGovernmentImproveEducation?

D.WhatShouldtheStateDowithPublicSchools?

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句“Mostgovernmentshavepromisedtoprovideuniversalprimaryeducationandtopromotesecondaryeducation.Butevenwhenpublicschoolsexist,theyoftenfail.大多數(shù)政府承諾提供普遍的初等教育以及促進(jìn)中等教育的發(fā)展。但即使公立學(xué)校存在，它們通常還是失敗了?！痹俑鶕?jù)第一段前面的內(nèi)容可推斷，發(fā)展中國(guó)家的政府沒(méi)有履行他們的承諾，沒(méi)有建立足夠的公立學(xué)校。選項(xiàng)B符合原文；選項(xiàng)A和選項(xiàng)C在文中沒(méi)有提及；選項(xiàng)D是私立學(xué)校繁榮的原因之一，不符合題意。所以只有選項(xiàng)B正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“KishoreSingh”定位第三段“KishoreSingh,hassaidthat‘for-profiteducationshouldnotbeallowedinordertosafeguardthenoblecauseofeducation’”聯(lián)合國(guó)教育特別報(bào)告員KishoreSingh曾表示：“為了捍衛(wèi)教育的崇高事業(yè)，不應(yīng)該允許營(yíng)利性教育?！边@是對(duì)原文中上一句“NGOstendtobeideologicallyopposedtotheprivatesector.非政府組織往往在意識(shí)形態(tài)上反對(duì)私營(yíng)部門(mén)”的解釋，說(shuō)明非政府組織反對(duì)私營(yíng)機(jī)構(gòu)的理由。因此選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)原文倒數(shù)兩段的首句“privateschoolsareoftenbettervalueformoneythanstateones.私立學(xué)校通常比公立學(xué)校更物有所值。”也就是能夠充分利用資金?！皃rivateschoolsareinnovative.”私立學(xué)校具有創(chuàng)新性。所以選項(xiàng)C符合原文。選項(xiàng)A顯然不是私立學(xué)校超越公立學(xué)校的原因；選項(xiàng)B在文中沒(méi)有提及；選項(xiàng)D表述過(guò)于片面。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段第三句“Governmentsshouldthereforebeaskingnothowtodiscourageprivateeducation,buthowtoboostit.政府不應(yīng)該打擊私營(yíng)教育，而應(yīng)該大力發(fā)展私營(yíng)教育。”由此可推斷，作者認(rèn)為私營(yíng)教育是符合社會(huì)發(fā)展的需求的。選項(xiàng)A正確。選項(xiàng)B與作者的觀點(diǎn)不符；選項(xiàng)C在文中沒(méi)有提及；選項(xiàng)D表述過(guò)于絕對(duì)。

5.主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，作者首先指出了發(fā)展中國(guó)家政府在公立教育方面的失敗，接著提到私營(yíng)教育的發(fā)展，政府反對(duì)私營(yíng)教育，而作者認(rèn)為應(yīng)該大力發(fā)展私營(yíng)教育，所以本文的主要內(nèi)容是討論支持還是反對(duì)私營(yíng)教育。選項(xiàng)B最為恰當(dāng)。

15.單選題

CampaigningontheIndianfrontierisanexperiencebyitself.Neitherthelandscapenorthepeoplefindtheircounterpartsinanyotherportionoftheglobe.Valleywallsrisesteeplyfiveorsixthousandfeetoneveryside.Thecolumnscramthroughamazeofgiantcorridorsdownwhichfiercesnow-fedtorrentsfoamunderskiesofbrass.Amidthesescenesofsavagebrilliancytheredwellsaracewhosequalifiesseemtoharmonizewiththeirenvironment.Exceptatharvest-time,whenself-preservationrequiresatemporarytruce,thePathantribesarealwaysengagedinprivateorpublicwar.Everymanisawarrior,apoliticianandatheologian.Everylargehouseisarealfeudalfortressmade,itistrue,onlyofsun-bakedclay,butwithbattlements,turrets,loopholes,drawbridges,etc.Complete.Everyvillagehasitsdefence.Everyfamilycultivatesitsvendetta;everyclan,itsfeud.Thenumeroustribesandcombinationsoftribesallhavetheiraccountstosettlewithoneanother.Nothingiseverforgotten,andveryfewdebtsareleftunpaid.Forthepurposesofsociallife,inadditiontotheconventionaboutharvest-time,amostelaboratecodeofhonourhasbeenestablishedandisonthewholefaithfullyobserved.Amanwhoknewitandobserveditfaultlesslymightpassunarmedfromoneendofthefrontiertoanother.Theslightesttechnicalslipwould,however,befatal.ThelifeofthePathanisthusfullofinterest;andhisvalleys,nourishedalikebyendlesssunshineandabundantwater,arefertileenoughtoyieldwithlittlelabourthemodestmaterialrequirementsofasparsepopulation.

Intothishappyworldthenineteenthcenturybroughttwonewfacts;therifleandtheBritishGovernment.Thefirstwasanenormousluxuryandblessing;thesecond,anunmitigatednuisance.TheconvenienceoftheriflewasnowheremoreappreciatedthanintheIndianhighlands.Aweaponwhichwouldkillwithaccuracyatfifteenhundredyardsopenedawholenewvistaofdelightstoeveryfamilyorclanwhichcouldacquireit.Onecouldactuallyremaininone'sownhouseandfileatone'sneighbournearlyamileaway.Onecouldlieinwaitonsomehighcrag,andathithertounheard-ofrangeshitahorsemanfarbelow.Evenvillagescouldfireateachotherwithoutthetroubleofgoingfarfromhome.Fabulouspriceswerethereforeofferedforthesegloriousproductsofscience.Rifle-thievesscouredallIndiatoreinforcetheeffortsofthehonestsmuggler.Asteadyflowofthecovetedweaponsspreaditsgenialinfluencethroughoutthefrontier,andtherespectwhichthePathantribesmenentertainedforChristiancivilizationwasvastlyenhanced.

TheactionoftheBritishGovernmentontheotherhandwasentirelyunsatisfactory.Thegreatorganizing,advancing,absorbingpowertothesouthwardseemedtobelittlebetterthanamonstrousspoil-sport.IfthePathanmadeforaysintotheplains,notonlyweretheydrivenback(whichafterallwasnomorethanfair),butawholeseriesofsubsequentinterferencestookplace,followedatintervalsbyexpeditionswhichtoiledlaboriouslythroughthevalleys,scoldingthetribesmenandexactingfinesforanydamagewhichtheyhaddone.Noonewouldhavemindedtheseexpeditionsiftheyhadsimplycome,hadafightandthengoneawayagain.Inmanycasesthiswastheirpracticeunderwhatwascalledthe“butcherandboltpolicy"towhichtheGovernmentofIndialongadhered.Buttowardstheendofthenineteenthcenturytheseintrudersbegantomakeroadsthroughmanyofthevalleys,andinparticularthegreatroadtoChitral.Theysoughttoensurethesafetyoftheseroadsbythreatsbyfortsandbysubsidies.Therewasnoobjectiontothelastmethodsofarasitwent.Butthewholeofthistendencytoroad-makingwasregardedbythePathanswithprofounddistaste.Allalongtheroadpeoplewereexpectedtokeepquiet,nottoshootoneanother,andaboveallnottoshootattravelersalongtheroad.Itwastoomuchtoask,andawholeseriesofquarrelstooktheiroriginfromthissource.

1.Theworddebtsin"veryfewdebtsareleftunpaid"infilefirstparagraphmeans（

）.

2.WhichoffilefollowingisNOToneofthegeographicalfactsabouttheIndianfrontier?

3.Accordingtothepassage,thePathanswelcomed（

）.

4.BuildingroadsbytheBritish（

）.

5.Asuitabletitleforthepassagewouldbe（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.loans

B.accounts

C.killings

D.bargains

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Meltingsnows

B.Largepopulation

C.Steephillsides

D.Fertilevalleys

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.theintroductionoftherifle

B.thespreadofBritishrule

C.theextensionofluxuries

D.thespreadoftrade

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.putanendtoawholeseriesofquarrels

B.preventedthePathansfromcomingonfeuds

C.lessenedthesubsidiespaidtothePathans

D.gavethePathansamuchquieterlife

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.CampaigningontheIndianFrontier

B.WhythePathansResentedtheBritishRule

C.ThePopularityofRiflesamongthePathans

D.ThePathansatWar

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.詞義題。根據(jù)原文內(nèi)容可知，“debts”不是指?jìng)鶆?wù),而是上文提及的“Everyfamilycultivatesitsvendetta;everyclan,itsfeud.Thenumeroustribesandcombinationsoftribesallhavetheiraccountstosettlewithoneanother.每個(gè)家庭和氏族都有世仇恩怨，長(zhǎng)期不和。眾多的部落和部落的組合形成了怨怨相報(bào)的惡性循環(huán)局面?！彼赃x項(xiàng)C正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“ThelifeofthePathanisthusfullofinterest;andhisvalleys,nourishedalikebyendlesssunshineandabundantwater,arefertileenoughtoyieldwithlittlelabourthemodestmaterialrequirementsofasparsepopulation.帕坦人的生活充滿了樂(lè)趣，山谷被無(wú)盡的陽(yáng)光和充沛的水滋養(yǎng)著，肥沃得幾乎不需要?jiǎng)趧?dòng)就能生產(chǎn)出稀少人口所需的適量物資。”由此可知,選項(xiàng)B與原文中“sparsepopulation”不符。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段第三句“TheconvenienceoftheriflewasnowheremoreappreciatedthanintheIndianhighlands.”步槍的便捷性在印度高地最受歡迎。選項(xiàng)A正確。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段的最后一句...awholeseriesofquarrelstooktheiroriginfromthissource.一系列的爭(zhēng)吵就是從這個(gè)源頭開(kāi)始的。”可知選項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)“Theysoughttoensurethesafetyoftheseroadsbythreats,byfortsandbysubsidies.他們?cè)噲D通過(guò)威脅、筑堡壘和發(fā)放補(bǔ)貼來(lái)確保這些道路的安全?！笨芍x項(xiàng)C也錯(cuò)誤；選項(xiàng)D在文中沒(méi)有提及；根據(jù)最后一段倒數(shù)第二句“Allalongtheroadpeoplewereexpectedtokeepquiet,nottoshootoneanother,andaboveallnottoshootattravelersalongtheroad.一路上人們都被要求保持安靜，不要互相射擊,最重要的是不要向沿途的行人開(kāi)槍?！笨陀^上來(lái)說(shuō),阻止了帕坦人之間的仇恨,所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

5.主旨大意題。結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容可知，本文主要描述的都是和帕坦人相關(guān)，所以首先排除選項(xiàng)A，范圍太廣；選項(xiàng)B和C只是文中提到的細(xì)節(jié)，不夠全面；只有選項(xiàng)D最能概括全文主旨，所以正確。

16.單選題

Sincethecouplecouldnot（

）theirdifference,theydecidedtogetadivorce.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.reconcile

B.comply

C.coincide

D.resign

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)reconcile“調(diào)和，使一致”；B選comply“遵守，順從”；C選項(xiàng)coincide“一致，符合”；D選項(xiàng)resign“辭職”。句意：由于這對(duì)夫婦無(wú)法調(diào)和他們之間的分歧，他們決定離婚。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

17.單選題

The（

）bonesofanelderlypersonmayfractureeasily.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.slender

B.brittle

C.dense

D.firm

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)slender“細(xì)長(zhǎng)的，苗條的”；B選項(xiàng)brittle“脆弱的”；C選項(xiàng)dense“稠密的”；D選項(xiàng)firm“堅(jiān)定的”。句意：老年人脆弱的骨頭可能容易折斷。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

18.單選題

Towhatextentwillfuturescientificdiscoveriesmakepossiblethe（

）ofthehumanlifespan?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.increase

B.prolongation

C.expansion

D.growth

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)increase“增加”；B選項(xiàng)prolongation“延伸”；C選項(xiàng)expansion“闡述”；D選項(xiàng)growth“成長(zhǎng)”。句意：未來(lái)的科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)能在多大程度上延長(zhǎng)人類的壽命?選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

19.單選題

Youshould（

）yourselfwiththerelevantfactsbeforemakingadecision.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.acquaint

B.acquire

C.acknowledge

D.attempt

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)acquaint“使熟悉，使認(rèn)識(shí)”；B選項(xiàng)acquire“獲得”；C選項(xiàng)acknowledge“承認(rèn)，答謝”；D選項(xiàng)attempt“企圖，嘗試”。句意：在做決定之前，你應(yīng)該熟悉相關(guān)的事實(shí)。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

20.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingChinesepassageintoEnglish

全球化對(duì)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家和發(fā)展中國(guó)家都是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)。隨著全球化的發(fā)展，世界各國(guó)之間的經(jīng)濟(jì)合作不斷加強(qiáng)。中國(guó)擁有一個(gè)13億人口的大市場(chǎng)，會(huì)為拉動(dòng)世界的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展提供可觀的動(dòng)力。中國(guó)還要大規(guī)模開(kāi)展基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的建設(shè)，改造和提升工業(yè)企業(yè)裝備水平，還要不斷提高農(nóng)業(yè)的生產(chǎn)和加工能力。這些都需要在國(guó)際合作的環(huán)境中才能實(shí)現(xiàn)，各國(guó)之間不斷擴(kuò)大的經(jīng)貿(mào)和各領(lǐng)域的合作關(guān)系，有助于推動(dòng)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展。

【答案】Globalizationisachallengeforboththedevelopedanddevelopingcountries.Withthedevelopmentofglobalization,theeconomiccooperationamongcountriesaroundtheworldhasbeenstrengthenedconstantly.Chinahasamarketasbigas1.3billionpeople,whichwillgivesubstantialimpetustoboosttheworldeconomy.Chinawillcontinueitslarge-scaleinfrastructureprogram,upgradeitsindustrialequipmentandimproveitsagriculturalproductionaswellasprocessingcapability.Alltheaboverequiresanenvironmentofinternationalcooperation.Cooperationamongcountriesaroundtheworldineconomyandtradeandalsoinotherfieldsareconducivetothegrowthoftheworldeconomy.

21.單選題

It’sour（

）thattheneweconomicpolicywillbringgreatprosperitytothiscompany.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.confidence

B.conviction

C.recommendation

D.insurance

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)confidence“信心”；B選項(xiàng)conviction“確信”；C選項(xiàng)recommendation“推薦”；D選項(xiàng)insurance“保險(xiǎn)”。句意：我們相信新的經(jīng)濟(jì)政策會(huì)給公司帶來(lái)巨大的繁榮。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

22.單選題

Imustleavenow.（

）ifyouwantthatbookIwillbringittomorrow.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Occasionally

B.Accidentally

C.Incidentally

D.Subsequently

【答案】C

【解析】副詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)Occasionally“偶爾，間或”；B選項(xiàng)Accidentally“意外地，偶然地”；C選項(xiàng)Incidentally“順便，附帶地”；D選項(xiàng)Subsequently“隨后，后來(lái)”。句意：我必須得離開(kāi)了。順便說(shuō)一句，如果你想要那本書(shū)，我明天就帶過(guò)來(lái)。選項(xiàng)C符合語(yǔ)境。

23.單選題

Radarisusedtoextendthe（

）ofman'ssensesforobservinghisenvironment,especiallythesenseofvision.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.validity

B.liability

C.capability

D.intensity

【答案】C

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)validity“有效性，正確性”；B選項(xiàng)liability“責(zé)任，可能性”；C選項(xiàng)capability“才能，能力”；D選項(xiàng)intensity“強(qiáng)度”。句意：雷達(dá)是用來(lái)擴(kuò)展人們觀察環(huán)境的感知能力，特別是視覺(jué)感知能力。選項(xiàng)C符合語(yǔ)境。

24.單選題

TV,radioandnewspaperareimportant（

）foradvertising.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.features

B.broadcasting

C.publications

D.media

【答案】D

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)feature“特色，特征”；B選項(xiàng)broadcast“廣播”；C選項(xiàng)publication“出版，發(fā)表”；D選項(xiàng)media“媒介”。句意：電視、廣播和報(bào)紙是廣告的重要媒介。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

25.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.

沒(méi)有改革開(kāi)放，就沒(méi)有今天的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。

祖國(guó)的地下到處都是埋藏著豐富的礦產(chǎn)資源。

弄得不好，就會(huì)前功盡棄。

不經(jīng)一事，不長(zhǎng)一智。

青年人和老年人不同，女青年和老太太也不同，不考慮這些情況，恐怕就解決不好“代溝”問(wèn)題。

【答案】Withoutthereformandopening-up,theeconomicwillnotbewelldevelopedliketoday.

Therearerichmineralresourcesatundergroundofourmotherland.

Ifscrewup,you'llbacktosquareone.

Afallinthepit;againinthewit.

Theyoungdiffersfromtheoldwhiletheyoungwomenandoldladyvaryalot,withoutattentiontothis,it'shardtosolvethe“generationgap”.

26.單選題

Acomprehensivemarketsystemshouldbeestablishedto（

）theflowoftalent,fundsandmaterials.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.suffice

B.necessitate

C.facilitate

D.fabricate

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)suffice“使?jié)M足”；B選項(xiàng)necessitate“使成為必需”；C選項(xiàng)facilitate“促進(jìn)，幫助”；D選項(xiàng)fabricate“偽造”。句意：應(yīng)該建立完善的市場(chǎng)體系促進(jìn)人才、資金和物資的流動(dòng)。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

27.單選題

Iwasalwaystaughtthatitwas（

）tointerrupt.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.rude

B.coarse

C.rough

D.crude

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)rude“粗魯?shù)模瑹o(wú)禮的”；B選項(xiàng)coarse“粗糙的，粗俗的”；C選項(xiàng)rough“粗野的，粗略的”；D選項(xiàng)crude“天然的，未加工的”。句意：我總是被教導(dǎo)打斷別人說(shuō)話是粗魯?shù)?。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

28.單選題

Theywereaccusedof（

）tooverthrowthegovernmentandweresentencedtojail.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.intrigue

B.conspiracy

C.plot

D.sin

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)intrigue“陰謀，私通”；B選項(xiàng)conspiracy“陰謀，共謀”；C選項(xiàng)plot“情節(jié)”；D選項(xiàng)sin“罪惡”。句意：他們被指控共謀推翻政府，并被判入獄。conspiracy側(cè)重于政治方面的陰謀，所以選項(xiàng)B更符合語(yǔ)境。

29.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingintoChinese

MembersshallgiveeffecttotheprovisionsofthisAgreement.Membersmay,butshallnotbeobligedto,implementintheirlawmoreextensiveprotectionthanisrequiredbythisAgreement,providedthatsuchprotectiondoesnotcontravenetheprovisionsofthisAgreement.MembersshallbefreetodeterminetheappropriatemethodofimplementingtheprovisionsofthisAgreementwithintheirownlegalsystemandpractice.

ForthepurposesofthisAgreement,theterm“intellectualproperty”referstoallcategoriesofintellectualpropertythatarethesubjectofSectionIthrough7ofPartII.

MembersshallaccordthetreatmentprovidedforinthisAgreementtothenationalsofotherMembers.Inrespectoftherelevantintellectualpropertyright,thenationalofotherMembersshallbeunderstoodasthosenaturalorlegalpersonsthatwouldmeetthecriteriaforeligibilityforprotectionprovidedforintheParisConvention(1967),theBerneConvention(1971),theRomeConventionandtheTreatyonIntellectualPropertyinRespectofIntegratedCircuits,wereallMembersoftheWTOmembersofthoseconventions.AnyMemberavailingitselfofthepossibilitiesprovidedinParagraph3ofArticle5orParagraph2ofArticle6oftheRomeConventionshallmakeanotificationasforeseeninthoseprovisions