2018唐遲閱讀基礎(chǔ)直播-講義4-例證題應(yīng)用

2000

Text

5It

is

generally

believed

that

ambition

may

be

well

regarded

if

.The

las tence

of

the paragraph

most

probably

implies

thatitis

.Some

people

do

not

openly

admit

they

have

ambitionbecause

.From

the

last

paragraph

the

conclusion

can

be

drawn

thatambition

should

be

maintained

.67.

It

is

generally

believed

that

ambition

may

be

well

regarded

if

.its

returns

well

compensate

for

the

sacrificesit

is

rewarded

with

money,

fame

and

powerits

goals

are

spiritual

rather

than

materialit

is

shared

by

the

rich

and

the

famousIf

ambition

is

to

be

well

regarded,

the

rewards

of

ambition

—

wealth,

distinction,

control

over

one's

destiny

—

must

be

deemed

worthy

of

thesacrifices

made

on

ambition's

behalf.If

the

tradition

of

ambition

istohave

vitality,

it

must

be

widely

shared;

and

it

especially

must

be

highly

regardedby

people

who

are

themselves

admired,

the

educated

not

least

among

them.

Inan

odd

way,

however,

it

is

the

educated

who

have

claimed

to

have

give

up

onambition

as

an

ideal.What

is

odd

is

that

they

have

perhaps

most

benefited

from

ambition

—

if

notalways

their

own

then

that

of

their

parents

and

grandparents.

There

is

a

heavy

note

of

hypocrisy

in

this,

a

case

ofclosing

the

barn

door

after

the

horses

have

esc d

—

with

the

educated

themselves

riding

on

them.1、符合中心的是最佳答案2、全面的是最佳答案68.

The

las tence

of

the

paragraph

most

probably

implies

that

itis

.customary

of

the

educated

to

discard

ambition

in

wordstoo

late

to

chec bition

once

it

has

been

let

outdishonest

to

deny

ambition

after

the

fulfillment

of

the

goalimpractical

for

the

educated

to

enjoy

benefits

from

ambitionIf

ambition

is

to

be

well

regarded,

the

rewards

of

ambition

—

wealth,

distinction,

control

over

one‘s

destiny

—

must

be

deemed

worthy

of

the

sacrifices

made

on

ambition’s

behalf.

If

the

tradition

of

ambition

is

tohave

vitality,

it

must

be

widely

shared;

and

it

especially

must

be

highly

regarded

by

people

who

are

themselvesadmired,

the

educated

not

least

among

them.

In

an

odd

way,

however,

it

is

the

educated

who

have

claimedtohave

give

up

on

ambition

as

an

ideal.

What

is

odd

is

that

they

have

perhaps

mostbenefited

from

ambition

—

if

not

always

their

own

then

that

of

their

parentsand

grandparents.

There

is

a

heavy

note

of

hypocrisy

in

this

a

case

ofclosing

the

barn

door

after

the

horses

have

esc d

—

with

the

educatedthemselves

riding

on

them.69.Some

people

do

notopenly

admit

they

haveambitionbecause

.A.they

think

of

it

asimmoralB.their

pursuits

are

notfame

or

wealthC.ambition

is

not

closelyrelated

to

materialbenefitsD.they

do

not

want

toappear

greedy

andcontemptible2段Certainly

people

do

not

seem

lessinterested

in

success

and

its

signs

nowthanformerly.Summer

homes,European

travel,BMWs—The

locations,place

names

and

name

brands

maychange,but

such

items

do

not

seem

lessin

demand

today

than

a

decade

or

twoyears

ago.What

has

happened

is

thatpeople

cannot

confess

fully

to

their

dreams,as

easily

and

openly

as

oncethey

could,

lest they

be

thoughtpushing,

acquisitive

and

vulgar.1、干擾選項(xiàng)設(shè)計(jì)思路：主

偷換2、lest表示因果關(guān)系Instead,

we

are

treated

to

fine

hypocritical

spectacles,

which

nowmore

than

ever

seem

in

ample

supply

:the

critic

of

Americanmaterialism

with

a

Southampton

summer

home

;

the

publisher

ofradical

books

who

takes

his

meals

in

three-star

restaurants

;

thejournalist

advocating

participatory

democracy

in

all

phases

of

life,whose

own

children

are

enrolled

in

private

schools For

such

peopleand

many

more

perhaps

not

so

exceptional,

the

proper

formulationis,

"Succeed

at

all

costs

but

avoid

appearing

ambitious."[C]

dishonest

to

deny

ambition

after

the

fulfillment

of

the

goal3段The

attacks

on

ambition

are

many

and

come

from

various

angles;its

public

defenders

are

few

and

unimpressive,where

they

are

notextremely

unattractive.As

a

result,

the

support

for

ambition

as

ahealthy

impulse,

a

quality

to

be

admired

and

fixed

in

the

mind

of

theyoung,is

probably

lower

than

it

has

ever

been

in

the

United

States.This

does

not

mean

that

ambition

is

at

an

end,

that

people

no

longerfeel

its

stirrings

and

promptings,

but

only

that,

no

longer

openlyhonored,

it

is

less

openly

professed.

Consequences

follow

from

this,

of

course,some

of

which

are

that

ambition

is

drivenunderground,

or

made

sly.

Such,

then,

is

the

waythings

stand:

on

the

left

angry

critics,

on

the

right

stupid

supporters,

and

in

the

middle,

as

usual,the

majority

of

earnest

people

trying

to

get

on

in

life.3段The

attacks

on

ambition

are

many

and

come

from

various

angles;

its

publicdefenders

are

few

and

unimpressive,where

they

arenotextremely

unattractive.As

aresult,the

support

for

ambition

as

a

healthy

impulse,

a

quality

to

be

admiredandfixed

in

the

mind

of

the

young,is

probably

lower

thanit

hasever

been

in

the

UnitedStates.This

does

not

mean

thatambition

is

at

an

end,that

people

no

longer

feelitsstirrings

and

promptings,but

only

that,

no

longer

openly

honored,it

is

less

openlyprofessed.

Consequences

follow

from

this,of

course,

some

of

which

arethat

ambition

is

driven

underground,or

made

sly.Such,then,is

theway

things

stand:on

the

left

angry

critics,on

the

right

stupidsupporters,and

in

the

middle,

as

usual,

the

majority

of

earnest

people

trying

to

get

on

in

life.70.

From

the

last

paragraph

the

conclusion

can

be

drawn

thatambition

should

be

maintained

.secretly

and

vigorouslyopenly

and

enthusiasticallyeasily

and

momentarilyverbally

and

spiritually1、題干陷阱2、should

表示“相反”的邏輯關(guān)系考研英語閱讀理解——2003

Text

2The

author

begins

his

article

with

Edmund

Burke's

words

to

.Misled

people

tend

to

think

that

using

an

animal

in

research

isThe

example

of

the

grandmotherly

woman

is

used

to

show

thepublic's

The

author

believes

that,

in

face

of

the

challenge

from

animalrightsadvocates,scientistsshould

Fromthetextwe

learn

thatStephenCooperis

46.

The

author

beginshisarticlewith

Edmund

Burke'swordsto

.call

on

scientists

to

take

someactionscriticize

themisguided

causeof

animal

rightswarn

of

the

doom

ofbiomedical

researchD.show

the

triumph

of

theanimal

rights

movement①

To

paraphrase

18th-centurystatesman

Edmund

Burke,

"all

that

is

needed

for

the

triumph

of

a

misguided

cause

is

that

good

people

do

nothing."②

One

such

cause

now

seeks

to

endbiomedical

research

because

of

thetheory

that

animals

have

rights

rulingout

their

use

in

research.46.

The

author

beginshisarticlewith

Edmund

Burke'swordsto

.call

on

scientists

to

take

someactionscriticize

themisguided

causeof

animal

rightswarn

of

the

doom

ofbiomedical

researchD.show

the

triumph

of

theanimal

rights

movement③

Scientists

need

to

respondforcefully

to

animal

rightsadvocates,

whose

arguments

areconfusing

the

public

and

therebythreatening

advances

in

healthknowledge

and

care.46.

The

author

beginshisarticlewith

Edmund

Burke'swordsto

.call

on

scientists

to

take

someactionscriticize

themisguided

causeof

animal

rightswarn

of

the

doom

ofbiomedical

researchD.show

the

triumph

of

theanimal

rights

movement情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：must,can(could),may(might)

shouldwould類似用法：ought

to③

Scientists

need

to

respondforcefully

to

animal

rightsadvocates,

whose

arguments

areconfusing

the

public

and

therebythreatening

advances

in

healthknowledge

and

care.46.

The

author

beginshisarticlewith

Edmund

Burke'swordsto

.call

on

scientiststo

takesome

actionscriticize

the

misguidedcause

of

animal

rightswarn

of

thedoomofbiomedical

researchD.showthetriumph

oftheanimal

rights

movement1、閱讀理解的本質(zhì)是邏輯關(guān)系2、區(qū)分例子和觀點(diǎn)③

Scientists

need

to

respondforcefully

to

animal

rightsadvocates,

whose

arguments

areconfusing

the

public

and

therebythreatening

advances

in

healthknowledge

and

care.④Leaders

of

the

animal

rightsmovement

biomedicalresearch

because

it

depends

on

public

funding,

and

few

peopleunderstand

the

process

of

health

careresearch.

⑤Hearing

allegations

ofcruelty

to

animals

in

research

settings,many

are

perplexed

that

anyonewould

delibera y

harm

an

animal.句子間邏輯關(guān)系：并列，轉(zhuǎn)折，因果在翻譯的基礎(chǔ)上，建立句子間聯(lián)系是理解文章的關(guān)鍵④Leaders

of

the

animal

rightsmovement

biomedicalresearch

because

it

depends

on

public

funding,

and

few

peopleunderstand

the

process

of

health

careresearch.

⑤Hearing

allegations

ofcruelty

to

animals

in

research

settings,many

are

perplexed

that

anyonewould

delibera y

harm

an

animal.④Leaders

of

the

animal

rightsmovement

biomedicalresearch

because

it

depends

on

publicfunding,

and

few

people

understandthe

process

of

health

care

research.⑤Hearing

allegations

of

cruelty

toanimals

in

research

settings,

manyare

perplexed

that

anyone

woulddelibera y

harm

an

animal.47.

Misled

people

tend

tothink

that

using

an

animalinresearchis

.cruel

but

naturalinhuman

andunacceptableinevitable

but

viciouspointless

and

wastefulC.

indifference

to

epidemicsD.anxiety

about

animalrightsThe

example

of

thegrandmotherly

woman

isused

to

show

the

public's

.discontent

with

animalresearchignorance

about

medicalscienceFor

example,

a

grandmotherlywoman

staffing

an

animalrights

booth

at

a

recentstreetfair

was

distributing

a

brochurethat

encouraged

readers

not

touse

anything

that

comes

fromor

is

tested

in

animals

—

nomeat,

no

fur,

no

medicines.The

example

of

thegrandmotherly

woman

isused

to

show

the

public's

.discontent

with

animalresearchignorance

about

medicalscienceC.

indifference

to

epidemicsD.anxiety

about

animalrightsAsked

if

she

opposedimmunizations,

she

wanted

toknow

if

vaccines

come

from

animalresearch.

When

assured

that

theydo,

she

replied,

"Then

I

would

haveto

say

yes."

Asked

what

willhappen

when

epidemics

return,she

said,

"Don't

worry,

scientistswill

find

some

way

of

usingcomputers."

Such

well-meaning

people

just

don't

understand.例證題：1、標(biāo)志：example

caseshow

to

illustrate

demonstrate

to2、例子本身不重要，重要的是例子所支持的觀點(diǎn)；觀點(diǎn)一般在

例子前，有時(shí)也在

例子后

。48.The

example

of

thegrandmotherly

womanis

used

to

show

thepublic's

.A.discontent

withanimal

researchB.ignorance

aboutmedical

scienceC.indifference

toepidemicsD.anxiety

aboutanimal

rights③

Scientists

need

to

respond

forcefully

toanimal

rights

advocates,

whose

argumentsare

confusing

the

public

and

therebythreatening

advances

in

healt

owledgeand

care.

④Leaders

of

the

animal

rightsmovement biomedical

researchbecause

it

depends

on

public

funding,

andfew

people

understand

the

process

ofhealth

care

research.

⑤Hearingallegations

of

cruelty

to

animals

inresearch

settings,

many

are

perplexed

thatanyone

would

delibera y

harm

an

animal.反復(fù)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是重點(diǎn)重點(diǎn)往往是考點(diǎn)49.

The

author

believes

that,

in

face

of

the

challenge

from

animalrightsadvocates,scientistsshould

.①

Scientists

must

communicate

their

message

to

the

public

inacompassionate,

understandable

way

—

in

human

terms,

not

in

thelanguage

of

molecular

biology.

②

We

need

to

make

clear

theconnection

between

animal

research

and

a

grandmother's

hipreplacement,

a

father's

bypass

operation,

a

baby's

vaccinations,

andeven t's

shots.

③

To

those

who

are

unaware

that

animal

researchwas

needed

to

produce

these

treatments,

as

well

as

new

treatmentsand

vaccines,

animal

research

seems

wasteful

at

best

and

cruel

atworst.49.

The

author

believes

that,

in

face

of

the

challenge

from

animalrightsadvocates,scientistsshould

.①

Scientists

must

communicate

their

message

to

the

public

in

acompassionate,

understandable

way

—

in

human

terms,

not

in

thelanguage

of

molecular

biology.

②

We

need

to

make

clear

theconnection

between

animal

research

and

a

grandmother's

hipreplacement,

a

father's

bypass

operation,

a

baby's

vaccinations,

andeven t's

shots.

③

To

those

who

are

unaware

that

animal

researchwas

needed

to

produce

these

treatments,

as

well

as

new

treatmentsand

vaccines,

animal

research

seems

wasteful

at

best

and

cruel

atworst.The

author

believes

that,

in

face

of

the

challenge

from

animalrightsadvocates,scientistsshould

.communicate

more

with

the

publicemploy

hi-te eans

in

researchfeel

no

shame

for

their

cause [D]

strive

to

develop

new

cures①

Much

can

be

done.

Scientists

could

"adopt"

middle

school

classesand

present

their

own

research.

②

They

should

be

quick

to

respondto

letters

to

the

editor,

lest

animal

rights

misinformation

gounchallenged

and

acquire

a

deceptive

appearance

of

truth.

③Research

institutions

could

be

opened

to

tours,

to

show

thatlaboratory

animals

receive

humane

care.The

author

believes

that,

in

face

of

the

challenge

from

animalrightsadvocates,scientistsshould

.communicate

more

with

the

publicemploy

hi-te eans

in

researchfeel

no

shame

for

their

cause [D]

strive

to

develop

new

cures①

Much

can

be

done.

Scientists

could

"adopt"

middle

school

classesand

present

their

own

research.

②

They

should

be

quick

to

respondto

letters

to

the

editor,

lest

animal

rights

misinformation

gounchallenged

and

acquire

a

deceptive

appearance

of

truth.

③Research

institutions

could

be

opened

to

tours,

to

show

thatlaboratory

animals

receive

humane

care.1、虛詞的作用：表達(dá)邏輯關(guān)系2、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示作者觀點(diǎn)3、反復(fù)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是重點(diǎn)，重點(diǎn)往往是考點(diǎn)50.Fromthetext

welearnthatStephen

Cooperis

.[A]

a

well-known

humanist[C]

an

enthusiast

in

animal

rights[B]

a

medical

practitioner[D]

a

supporter

of

animal

researchFinally,

because

the

ultimate

stakeholders

are

patients,

the

healthresearch

community

should

actively

recruit

to

its

cause

not

only

well-known alities

such

as

Stephen

Cooper,

who

has

madecourageous

statements

about

the

value

of

animal

research,

but

all

whoreceive

medical

treatment.

If

good

people

do

nothing,

there

is

a

realpossibility

that

an

uninformed

citizenry

will

extinguish

the

preciousembers

of

medical

progress.50.Fromthetext

welearnthatStephen

Cooperis

.1、定語從句表因果，解釋說明2、形容詞表示評價(jià)Finally,

because

the

ultimate

stakeholders

are

patients,

the

healthresearch

community

should

actively

recruit

to

its

cause

not

only

well-knownalities

such

as

Stephen

Cooper,

who

has

madecourageous

statements

about

the

value

of

animal

research,

but

all

who

receive

medical

treatment.

If

good

people

do

nothing,

there

isa

real

possibility

that

an

uninformed

citizenry

will

extinguish

the

preciousembers

of

medical

progress.50.Fromthetext

welearnthatStephen

Cooperis

.[A]

a

well-known

humanist[C]

an

enthusiast

in

animal

rights[B]

a

medical

practitioner[D]

a

supporter

of

animal

researchFinally,

because

the

ultimate

stakeholders

are

patients,

the

healthresearch

community

should

actively

recruit

to

its

cause

not

only

well-known alities

such

as

Stephen

Cooper,

who

has

madecourageous

statements

about

the

value

of

animal

research,

but

all

whoreceive

medical

treatment.

If

good

people

do

nothing,

there

is

a

realpossibility

that

an

uninformed

citizenry

will

extinguish

the

preciousembers

of

medical

progress.1、觀點(diǎn)在例子前，也可能在例子后2、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示觀點(diǎn)3、虛詞的作用：表達(dá)邏輯關(guān)系4、反復(fù)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是重點(diǎn)，重點(diǎn)往往是考點(diǎn)5、閱讀文章注意邏輯理解邏輯關(guān)系6、定語從句表因果，解釋說明7、形容詞表示評價(jià)2004

Text

2What

does

the

author

intend

to

illustrate

with

AAAA

cars

andZodiac

cars?What

can

we

infer

from

the three

paragraphs?The4thparagraphsuggeststhat

.What

does

the

author

mean

by

"most

people

are

literally

having

aZZZ"

(line

2,

paragraph

5)?Which

of

the

following

is

true

according

to

the

text?46.What

does

the

authorintend

to

illustrate

with

AAAAcars

and

Zodiac

cars?A

kind

of

overlookedinequality.A

type

of

conspicuous

bias.alC.A

type

ofprejudice.D.A

kind

of

branddiscrimination.It

has

long

been

known

that

a

taxi

firmcalled

AAAA

cars

has

a

big

advantageover

Zodiac

cars

when

customers

thumbthrough

their

phone

directories.

Less

wellknown

is

the

advantage

that

Adam

Abbott

has

in

life

over

Zo?

Zysman.English

names

are

fairly

evenly

spreadbetween

the

halves

of

the

alphabet.

Yet

asuspiciously

large

number

of

top

peoplehave

surnames

beginning

with

lettersbetween

A

and

K.例證題：1、標(biāo)志：example

caseshow

to

illustrate

demonstrate

to2、例子本身不重要，重要的是例子所支持的觀點(diǎn)；觀點(diǎn)一般在

例子前，有時(shí)也在

例子后

。46.

What

does

the

authorintend

to

illustrate

with

AAAAcars

and

Zodiac

cars?A

kind

of

overlookedinequality.A

type

of

conspicuous

bias.alC.A

type

ofprejudice.D.A

kind

of

branddiscrimination.Thus

the

American andvice-have

surnames

starting

with

B

and

Crespectively;

and

26

of

Ge

eBush'spredecessors

(including

his

father)

had

surnamesin

the half

of

the

alphabet

against

just

16

inthe

second

half.

Even

more

striking,

six

oftheseven

heads

of ernment

of

the

G7

richcountries

are

alphabetically

advantaged(Berlusconi,

Blair,

Bush,

Chirac,

Chrétienand

Koizumi).

The

world's

three

top

central

bankers(Greenspan,Duisenbergand

i)

are

allclose

to

the

top

of

the

alphabet,

evenif

one

ofthem

really

uses

Japanese

characters.

As

are

theworld's

five

richest

men

(Gates,

Buffett,

Allen,

Ellison

and

Albrecht).46.

What

does

the

authorintend

to

illustrate

with

AAAAcars

and

Zodiac

cars?A

kind

of

overlookedinequality.A

type

of

conspicuous

bias.alC.A

type

ofprejudice.D.A

kind

of

branddiscrimination.Over

the

past

century,

all

kinds

ofunfairness

and

discrimination

havebeen

condemned

or

made

illegal.

Butone

insidious

form

continues

to

thrive:alphabetism.

This,

for

those

asyetunaware

of

such

a

disadvantage,refers

to

discrimination

against

thosewhose

surnames

begin

with

a

letter

inthe

lower

half

of

the

alphabet.46.

What

does

the

authorintend

to

illustrate

with

AAAAcars

and

Zodiac

cars?A

kind

of

overlookedinequality.A

type

of

conspicuous

bias.alC. A

type

ofprejudice.D.

A

kind

of

branddiscrimination.Over

the

past

century,

all

kinds

ofunfairness

and

discrimination

havebeen

condemned

or

made

illegal.

Butone

insidious

form

continues

tothrive:

alphabetism.

This,

for

those

asyet

unaware

of

such

a

disadvantage,refers

to

discrimination

against

thosewhose

surnames

begin

with

a

letter

inthe

lower

half

of

the

alphabet.互為相反選項(xiàng)中，往往有正確答案47.What

can

we

infer

from

thethree

paragraphs?A.In

both

East

and

West,names

are

essential

to

success.B.The

alphabet

is

to

blame

forthe

failure

of

Zo?

Zysman.C.Customers

often

pay

a

lotof

attention

to

companies'names.D.Some

form

ofdiscrimination

is

too

subtle

torecognize.1段Over

the

past

century,all

kinds

ofunfairness

and

discrimination

have

beencondemned

or

made

illegal.

But

oneinsidious

form

continues

to

thrive:alphabetism.This,for

those

as

yetunaware

of

such

a

disadvantage,refers

todiscrimination

against

those

whosesurnames

begin

with

a

letter

in

the

lowerhalf

of

the

alphabet.2段………….3段………….閱讀文章，區(qū)分清楚觀點(diǎn)和例子48.

The

4th

paragraphsuggeststhat

.A.questions

are

often

put

tothe

morein ligent

studentsB.alphabeticallydisadvantaged

students

oftenesc form

classC.teachers

should

payattention

to

all

of

theirstudentsD.students

should

be

seatedaccording

to

their

eyesightCan

this

merely

be

coincidence?One

theory,

dreamt

up

in

all

the

sparetime

enjoyed

by

the

alphabeticallydisadvantaged,

is

that

the

rot

sets

inearly.

At

the

start

of

the year

ininfant

school,

teachers

seat

pupilsalphabetically

from

the

front,

to

makeit

easier

to

remember

their

names.48.

The

4th

paragraphsuggeststhat

.A.questions

are

often

put

tothe

more

in ligent

studentsB.alphabeticallydisadvantaged

students

oftenesc form

classC.teachers