2023年職稱英語(yǔ)考試?yán)砉ゎ怌級(jí)試題2

2023年全國(guó)職稱英語(yǔ)理工類〔C級(jí)〕真題及答案解析人事考試教育網(wǎng)2023-10-2514:0【大中小】【我要糾錯(cuò)】第1局部：詞匯選項(xiàng)〔第1～15題，每題1分，共15分〕下面每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)劃有底橫線，請(qǐng)為每處劃線局部確定1個(gè)意義最為接近的選項(xiàng)。1.Thecompanyhastherighttoendhisemploymentatanytime.A.provideB.stopC.offerD.continue2.Intheprocess，thelightenergyconvertstoheatenergy.A.reducesB.dropsC.leavesD.changes3.Shegaveupherjobandstartedwritingpoetry.A.abandonedB.lostC.tookD.created4.Wearehappytoreportthatbusinessisboomingthisyear.A.riskyB.successfulC.failingD.open5.Wehavebeenthroughsomeroughtimestogether.A.longB.happyC.difficultD.short6.Thethiefwasfinallycapturedtwomilesawayfromthevillage.A.foundB.killedC.jailedD.caught7.WhataremychancesofpromotionifIstayhere？A.retirementB.advertisementC.replacementD.advancement8.Iproposethatwediscussthisatthenextmeeting.A.suggestB.demandC.orderD.request9.RodmanmetwithTonytotryandsettlethedisputeoverhiscontract.A.solveB.avoidC.markD.involve10.Canyougiveaconcreteexampletosupportyouridea？A.specificB.realC.specialD.good11.Itwasafascinatingpairing，withcleveruseofcolorandlight.A.largeB.wonderfulC.newD.familiar12.Wehaveseenamarkedshiftinourapproachtothesocialissues.A.quickB.regularC.clearD.great13.1wasshockedwhenIsawthesizeofthetelephonebill.A.excitedB.angryC.lostD.surprised14.Thepolicetookfingerprintsandidentifiedthebody.A.recognizedB.missedC.discoveredD.touched15.Ifwelcavenow，weshouldmissthetraffic.A.mixB.stopC.avoidD.direct第2局部：閱讀判斷〔第16～22題，每題1分，共7分〕下面的短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出判斷：如果該句提供的是正確信息，請(qǐng)選擇A；如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)選擇B；如果該句的信息文中沒(méi)有提及，請(qǐng)選擇C.AGreatQuakeComing?EveryonewholivesinSanFranciscoknowsthatearthquakesarecommoninthebavarea.Theyhadkeendevastatingin1906，forexample，amajorquakedestroyedabout28.000buildingsandkilledhundreds，perhapsthousandsofpeople.Residentsnowwonderwhenthenext"bigone"willstrike.It'sboundtohappensomeday.Atleastsevenactivefault〔斷層〕linesrunthroughtheSanFranciscoarea.Faultsareplaceswherepiecesofearth'scrust〔地殼〕slidepasteachother.Whenthesepiecesslip，thegroundshakes.Toprepareforthatday.scientistsareusingnewtechniquestoreanalyzethe1906earthquakeandpredicthowbadthedamagemightbewhenthenextonehappens.Onenewfindingaboutthe1906quakeisthattheSanAndreasFaultsplitapartfasterthanscientistshadassumedatthetime.Duringsmallearthquakes，faultsruptureatabout2.7kilometerspersecond.Duringbiggerquakes，however，rupturescanhappenatratesfasterthan3.5kilometerspersecond.Atsuchhighspeeds，massiveamountsofpressurebuildup，generatingundergroundwavesthatcancausemoredamagethanthequakeitself.LuckyforSanFancisco，thesepressurepulses〔脈沖〕traveledalwayfromthecityduffngthe1906event.Asbadasthedamagewas，itcouldhavebeenfarWorse.Lookingahead，scientistsaretryingtopredictwhenthenextmajorquakewilloccur.Recordsshowthatearthquakeswerecommonbefore1906event.Sincethen，theareahasbeenrelativelyquiet.Pattemsinthedata，however，suggestthattheprobabilityofamajorearthquakestrikingthebayareabefore2032isatleast62percent.NewbuildingsinsanFranciscoarequitesafeincaseoffuturequakes.Still，morethan84percentofthecity'sbuildingsareoldandweak.Analysessuggestthatanothermassiveearthquakewouldcauseextensivedamage.PeoplewholivetheretodaytendtofeelsafebecauseSanFranciscohasremainedprettyqmetforawhile.Accoedingtothenewresearch，however，it'snotamatterofwhetherthebigonewillhit.It'sjustamatterofwhen.16.TheSanFranciscoareaislocatedaboveseveralactivefaultlines.A.rightB.wrongC.notmentiond17.The1906earthquakeinSanFranciscoisthemostsevereoneinAmericanhistory.A.fightB.wrongC.notmentioned18.Thehighestspeedoffaultrupturesinthe1906quakewasmorethan3.5kilometerspersecondA.fightB.wrongC.notmentioned19.EarthquakesrarelyhappenedinSanFranciscobefore1906.A.fightB.wrongC.notmentioned20.SanFranciscoisfullypreparedforanotherbigearthquake.A.rightB.wrongC.notmentioned21.Scientistswillbeabletopredicttheexacttimeofanearthquakesoon.A.rightB.wrongC.notmentioned22.AmajorearthquakestrikingSanFranciscosomedayisinevitable.A.rightB.wrongC.notmentiond第3局部：概括大意與完成句子〔第23～30題，每題1分，共8分〕下面的短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：〔1〕第23～26題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為第1～4段每段選擇1個(gè)最正確標(biāo)題；〔2〕第27～30題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為每個(gè)句子確定1個(gè)最正確選項(xiàng)。CellPhones1.Believeitornot，cellphoneshavebeenaroundforoveraquarterofacentury.ThefirstcommercialcellphonesystemwasdevelopedbytheJapanesein1979.Butcellphoneshavechangedalotsincethattime.Theearlycellphoneswerebigandheavybuttheyhavedevelopedintosmallandlightpalm-sizedmodels.Therehavebeenhugedevelopmentsintheirfunctions，too.Wehavehadcellforwarding，textmessaging，answeringservicesandhands-freeuseforyears，butnowtherearecountlessnewfacilities，suchasinstantaccesstotheinternetandreceivingandsendingphotos.2.Cellphoneshavebecomeverycommoninourlives；recentstatisticssuggestasmanyasoneinthreepeopleontheplanetnowhaveacellphone，andmostofthemsaytheycouldn'tlivewithoutone.Cellphonesareusedineveryareaofourlivesandhavebecomeanecessarytool，usedforessentialarrangements，socialcontactandbusiness.Theyhavemadeiteasiertocallforhelponthehighway.Theyhavemadeitpossibletokeepintouchwithpeople"onthemove"whenpeoplearetraveling.3.Cellphoneshavemadecommunicationeasierandhavereducedtheneedforfamilyarguments.Wecanusecellphonestoletourfamilyknowwe'llbelateorifthere'sachangeofplanoranemergency.Cellphoneshaveeasedtheworriesofmillionsofparentswhentheirteenagersareoutlate，theycannowcontacttheirchildrenatanytime.4.Thisdoesnotmeanthatcellphonesareallgoodnews.Theyhavebroughtwiththemanumberofnewheadachesfortheirowners：itcostsalottoreplacestolenphones，somethingthatisbecomingafrequentoccurrence，andhaveyoueverseensuchhugephonebills？Moreserious，however，isthepotentialhealthproblemtheybring：therearefearsthatradiationfromthephonesmaycausebraintumor〔腫瘤〕。Thismaybeatimebombwaitingtohappentoyoungerpeoplewhohavegrownupwithcellphonesthattheysimplycan'tlivewithout.23.Paragraph1_________________24.Paragraph2_________________25.Paragraph3________________26.Paragraph4_________________A.CellphonesandthefamilyB.CommercialcellphonesystemsC.CellphonesineverydaylifeD.CellphonesforteenagersE.HistoryofcellphonesF.Problemswithcellphones27.Nowadayscellphonesareequippedwith_______________28.Cellphonesarecommoninourlivesandhavebecome________________29.Wecanusecellphonestocommunicatewithotherswhenweencounter_________________30.Inspiteofmanybenefits，cellphoneshavebroughtfortheirowners_________________A.anecessity.B.anemergency.C.anumberofnewheadaches.D.familyarguments.E.bigandlightpalm-sizedmodels.F.countlessnewfacilities第4局部：閱讀理解〔第3l一45題，每題3分，共45分〕下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定1個(gè)最正確選項(xiàng)。第一篇ArcticMeltEarth'sNorthandSouthPolesalefamousforbeingcoldandicy.Lastyear，however，theamountoficeintheArcticOceanfeUt0arecordlow.Normally，icebuildsinArcticwatersaroundtheNorthPoleeachwinterandshrinksduringthesummer.Butformanyyears，theamountoficeleftbytheendofsummerhasbeendeclining.Since1979，eachdecadehasseenan11.4percentdropinendofsummericecover.Between1981and2000，iceintheArcticlost22percentofitsthickness，becoming1.13metersthinner.Lastsummer，Arcticseaicereacheditsskimpiestlevelsyet.Bytheendofsummer2007，theicehadshrunktocoveriust4.2millionsquarekilometers.That's38percentlessareathantheaveragecoveratthattimeofyear.Andit'saverylarge23percentbelowthepreviousrecordlow，whichwassetjust2yearsago.Thiscontinuingtrendhasscientistsconcerned.Theremaybeseveralreasonsfortheicemelt，saysJinlunZhang，anoceanographerattheUniversityofWashingtonatSeattle.UnusuallystrongwindsblewthroughtheArcticlastsummer.ThewindspushedmuchoftheiceoutofthecentralArctic.leavingalargeareaofthiniceandopenwater.ScientistsalsosuspectthatfewercloudscovertheArcticnowthaninthepast.Clearerskiesallowmoresunlighttoreachtheocean.Theextraheatwarnlsboththewaterandtheatmosphere.InpartsoftheArcticOceanlastyear，surfacetemperatureswere3.5℃warmerthanaverageand1.5℃warmerthanthepreviousrecordhigh.Withbothairandwatergettingwarmer，theiceismeltingfrombothaboveandbelow.InsomeDarts0ftheBeaufortSea，northofAlaskaandwesternCanada，icethatmeasured3.3metersthickatthebeginningofthesummermeasuredjust50centimetersbyseason'send.Thenewmeasurementssuggestthatmeltingisfarmoreseverethanscientistshaveseenbyjustlookingaticecoverfromabove，saysDonaldK.Perovich，ageophysicistattheU.S.ArmyColdRegionsResearchandEngineeringLaboratoryinHanover，N.H.SomescientistsfearthattheArcticisstuckinawarmingtrendfromwhichitmayneverrecover.31.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheword"build"inthefirstsentenceofthesecondparagraph？A.constructB.extendC.createD.expand32.WhatistheicecoverintheArcticbytheendof2007summer？millionsquarekilometersB.11.4millionsquarekilometersC.1.13millionsquarekilometersD.38millionsquarekilometers33.Whatarethereasonsfortheicemeltingaccordingtothescientists？A.strongwindsandclearskiesB.longsummerandshortwinterC.openwaterandthiniceD.lightcloudsandlightwinds34.Whyistheicemeltingfrombothaboveandbelow？A.Becauseextraheatwarmstheair.B.Becauseextraheatwarmsthewater.C.Becausethetemperatureabovethewaterishigher.D.RnthAandB.35.Whatcanbeapossibletitleforthepassage？A.WhatarescientistslookingforintheArcticOcean？B.WhatarescientistsdoingintheArcticOcean？C.WhyarescientistsworryingabouttheArcticOcean？D.WhyarescientistsinterestedintheArcticOcean？第二篇CitizenScientistsUnderstandinghownaturerespondstoclimatechangewillrequiremonitoringkeylifecycleevent-flowering，theappearanceofleaves，thefirstfrogcallsofthespringallaroundtheworld.Butecologistscan'tbeeverywheresothey'returningtonon-scientists，sometimescalledcitizenscientists，forhelp.CIimatescientistsarenotpresenteverywhere.Becausetherearesomanyplacesintheworldandnotenoughscientiststoobserveallofthem，they'reaskingforyourhelpinobservingsignsofclimatechangeacrosstheworld.Thecitizenscientistmovementencouragesordinarypeopletoobserveaveryspecificresearchinterest-birds，trees，flowersbudding，etc.andsendtheirobservationstoagiantdatabasetobeobservedbyprofessionalscientists.Thishelpsasmallnumberofscientiststrackalargeamountofdatathattheywouldneverbeabletogatherontheirown.Muchlikecitizenjournalistshelpinglargepublicationscoverahyper-localbeat，citizenscientistsarereadyfortheconditionswherethevlive.Allthat'sneededtobecomeoneisafewminuteseachdayoreachweektogatherdataandsenditin.AgroupofscientistsandeducatorslaunchedanorganizationlastyearcalledtheNationalPhenologyNetwork."Phenology"iswhatscientistscallthestudyofthetimingofeventsinnature.Oneofthegroup'sfirsteffortsreliesonscientistsandnon-scientistsaliketocollectdataaboutplantfloweringandleafingeveryyear.Theprogram，calledProjeetBudBurst，collectslifecycleda.taonavarietyofcommonplantsfromacrosstheUnitedStates.PeopleparticipatingintheprojectwhichisopentoeveryonerecordtheirobservationsontheProjectBudBurstwebsite."Peopledon'thavetobeplantexperts，theyjusthavetolookaroundandseewhat'sintheirneighborhood，"saysJenniferSchwartz，aneducationconsultantwiththeproject."Aswecollectthisdata.we'llbeabletomakeanestimateofhowplantsandcommunitiesofplantsandanimalswillrespondastheclimatechanges."36.Ecologiststurntonon-scientistcitizensforhelpbecausetheyneedthem__________________.A.toprovidetheirpersonallifecyclesB.toobservethelifecycleofplantsC.tocollectdataofthelifecycleoflivingthingsD.toteachchildrenknowledgeaboutclimatechange37.Whatarecitizenscientistsaskedtodo？A.Todevelopaspecificresearchinterestandbecomeprofessionalscientists.B.Tosendtheirresearchobservationstoaprofessionaldatabase.C.Toincreasetheirknowledgeaboutclimatechange.D.Tokeeparecordoftheirresearchobservations.38.In"Allthat，sneededtobecomeone…〔paragraph2〕"，whatdoestheword"one"standsfor？A.acitizenjournalistB.acitizenscientistC.ascientistD.acitizen39.WhatisNOTtrueofProjectBudBurst？A.Onlyexpertscanparticipateinit.B.Everybodycanparticipateinit.C.Itcollectslifecycledataonavarietyofcommonplants.D.Ithasitsownwebsite.40.WhatisthefinalpurposeofProjectBudBurst？A.Tostudywhenplantswillhavetheirfirstbuds.B.Tofindoutthetypesofplantsintheneighborhood.C.TocollectlifecycledataonavarietyofcommonplantsfromacrosstheUnitedStates.D.Toinvestigatehowplantsandanimalswillrespondastheclimatechanges.第三篇RocketsintheSkyIfsomeoneaskedyou."Whatcoloristhesky？"Iexpectthatyouwouldanswer，"Blue."Iamafraidthatyouwouldbewrong.Theskyhasnocolor.Whenweseeblue，wearelookingatbluesunlight.Thesunlightisshiningonlittlebitsofdustintheair.Weknowthatthereisairallaroundtheworld.Wecouldnotbreathewithoutair.Airplanescoutdnotflywithoutair.Theyneedairtolifttheirwings.Airplanescannotflyveryhighbecauseastheygohighertheairgetsthinner.Ifwegofarenoughawayfromtheearth，wefindthereisnoair.Whatisthesky？Theskyisspace.Inthisspacethereisnothingexceptthesun，themoonandallthestars.Scientistshavealwayswantedtoknowmoreabouttheotherworldsinthespace.Theyhavelookedatthemthroughtelescopesandinthiswaytheyhavefoundoutagreatdeal.Themoonisabout384.000kilometersawayfromtheearth.Anairplanecannotflytothemoonbutthereisathingthatcanflyevenwhenthereisnoair.Thisisrocket.Iamsurethatyouareasking."Howdoesarocketfly？"Ifyouwanttoknow，getaballoonandthenblowitupuntilitisquitebig.Donottieuptheneckoftheballoon.Letgo！Theballoonwillflyoffthroughtheairveryquickly.Theairinsidetheballoontriestogetout.Itrushesoutthroughneck0ftheballOOflandthispushestheballoonthroughtheair.Itdoesnotneedwingslikeanair.plane.Thisishowarocketworks.Itisnotmadeofrubberlikeaballoon，ofcourse.Itismadeofmetal.Themetalmustnotbeheavybutitmustbeverystrong.Thereisgasinsidetherocketwhichismadeveryhot.Whenitrushesoutoftheendoftherocket，therocketispushedupintotheair.Rocketscanflyfaroutintospace.Rocketswithmeninsidethemhavealreadyreachedthemoon.Severalrockets，withoutmeninsidethem，havebeensenttootherworldsmuchfartheraway.Onedayrocketsmaybeabletogoanywhereinthespace.41.Whatcoloristhesky？A.ItiSblue.B.ItiSwhite.C.Itisgrey.D.Ithasnocolor.42.Whenanairplanefliestoohigh，___________.A.theairwillbetoothintosupportitswings.B.theairwillbecomethicker.C.theairwillexertpressureonit.D.theairwilldisappearinnotime.43.Arocketcanflytothemoonbecause__________A.itlookslikeaballoon.B.itismuchlighterthananairplane.C.itdoesn'thavewings.D.itworkslikeanuntiedballoon.44.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutarocketisNOTtrue？A.Itcanflywhenthereisnoair.B.Itcanflywithoutwings.C.Itismadeofstrongmetal.D.Itispropelledbyburninggasinsideit.45.Arocketispushedupintotheairwhen__________A.hotgasrushesoutofitshead.B.itispoweredbygas.C.hotgasrushesoutofitsbottom.D.hotgasrushesoutofitsneck.第5局部：補(bǔ)全短文〔第46～50題，每題2分。共lO分〕下面的短文有5處空白，短文后有6個(gè)句子，其中5個(gè)取自短文，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容將其分別放回原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章原貌。HousesofFutureWhatwillhousesbelikeinthirtyyears'time？Noonereallyknows，butarchitectsaretryingtopredict.________〔46〕。Futurehouseswillhavetobeflexible.Inthirtyyears'timeevenmoreofuswillbeworkingfromhome.Sowewillhavetobeabletouseareasofthehouseforworkforpartofthedayandforlivingfortherest.Familiesgrowandchangewithchildrenarriving，growingupandleavinghome._________〔47〕，nothingwillbeasfixedasitisnow.Thehousewillalwaysbechangingtomeetchangingneeds.Everyoneagreesthatinthirtyyeasr'stimewewillbelivingin"intelligent"houses.Wewillbeabletotalktoourkitchenmachinesanddiscusswiththemwhattodo.Likethis，"we'llbehayingapartythisweekend.Whatfoodshallwecook？"_________〔48〕。Wewillbeabletoleavemostofthecookingtothemachines，justtastingthingsfromtimetotimetocheck.Thehouseofthefuturewillbepersonal-eachhouse，__________〔49〕，youwon'thayetopaintthem-you'llbeabletotellthewalltochangethecolor！Andifyoudon'tlikethecolorthenextday.Youwillbeabletohaveanewone.______〔50〕。A.youwillbeabletochangethecolorofthewalleasilyB.theonlythingyouwon'tbeabletodoismovingthehousesoreewhereelseC.andthemachinewilltelluswhatfoodwewillhavetobuyandhowt0cookitD.whatwillourhomebelikeE.thehouseofthefuturewillhavetogrowandchangewiththefamilyF.thekidsmighttaketheirbedroomswiththemasthevhave第6局部：完形填空〔第51～65題，每題1分，共15分〕下面的短文有15處空白，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容為每處空白確定1個(gè)最正確選項(xiàng)。SeeingRedMeansDangerAheadThecolorredoftenmeansdangerandbypayingattention，accidentscanbeprevented.Inthefuture，thecolorredalsomayhelp__________〔51〕dangeratconstructionsites.Thankstonewworkbyengineers，bridgesupportsor_________〔52〕kindsofmaterialscouldonedavcontainacolorswitchingmaterial.Itwillturnred__________〔53〕astructurecollapsesorfallsapart.Thesecret_________〔54〕thecolorswitchingmaterialisaparticulartypeofmolecule〔分子〕。Amoleculeisagroupofatoms〔原子〕heldtogetherbychemicalbonds.Moleculescome〔55〕allshapesandsizes，andmakeup___________〔56〕。Youcansee，touchorfeel.Howamole.culebehavesdependson___________〔57〕kindsofatomsitcontains，andhowthev'reheldtogether.Whenapolymer〔聚合物〕containingacolorswitchingmoleculecalledamechanophore〔機(jī)械響應(yīng)性聚合物〕whichisabouttobreak，itproducea__________〔58〕。Whenapolymerwithmechanophoremoleculesbecomes"injured"or_______________〔59〕，oneofthemechanophorebonds__________〔60〕andthematerialturnsred."It'sareallysimpledetectionmethod."saysNancySottos，oneofthescientistswhoworkedontheproject.Sottosandherteamtestedthecolorswitc.hingpolymersintheirlab.Thetest__________〔61〕provedencouraging.Thereisawaytogetridofthecolor.light.Whenabrightlightisshoneonthemechanophore.Thebrokenbondisfixedandtheredcolor____________〔62〕。This"self-healing"maybeaProblemforengineers.Theyneedtousethecolorchangerinbigconstructionprojectsthatwillbe〔63〕insunlight.Andsunlightwillmakethemechanophore'swarmingsystem_________〔64〕。Sottosandherfellowscientistsstillhave______________〔65〕worktodobefore.Thecolorswitc.hingmoleculescanbeusedoutsidethelab.51.A.throwB.preventC.createD.keep52.A.otherB.anotherC.theotherD.others53.A.untilB.althoughC.afterD.before54.A.onB.behindC.underD.down55.A.forB.inC.fromD.at56.A.nothingB.anyoneC.someoneD.everything57.A.whyB.howC.whatD.where58.A.colorB.troubleC.whatD.where59.A.strongB.soffC.weakD.time60.A.closesB.breaksC.increasesD.bums61.A.resultsB.rulesC.toolsD.methods62.A.repairsB.controlsC.finishesD.disappears63.A.insideB.besideC.outsideD.above64.A.dangerousB.uselessC.helpfulD.important65.A.apartofB.atypeofC.alotofD.apartof參考答案：第1局部：詞匯選項(xiàng)1.B[解析]本句話的意思是公司有權(quán)在任何時(shí)候與他終止勞動(dòng)關(guān)系。provide，offer：提供；continue：繼續(xù)；只有stop和end同義，為終止、結(jié)束的意思。2.D[解析]本句話的意思是在這個(gè)過(guò)程中，光能轉(zhuǎn)化成熱能。reduce，drop：減少；leaveto：留給；只有claange同convert，意為轉(zhuǎn)化。3.A[解析]本句話的意思是她放棄了工作開(kāi)始寫(xiě)詩(shī)。abantlon：主動(dòng)放棄，同giveup；lost：被動(dòng)喪失，不符；takethejob，搭配不當(dāng)；create：創(chuàng)造，語(yǔ)意不通。4.B[解析]本句話的意思是我們非?？鞓?lè)地宣布今年的業(yè)績(jī)輝煌。risky：有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的；successful：成功的，同booming；failing：失敗的；open：開(kāi)放的。5.C[解析]本句話的意思是我們一起渡過(guò)了艱難的時(shí)期。diffocult：艱難，同mugh；long：長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的；happy：快樂(lè)的；short：短時(shí)間的。6.D[解析]本句話的意思是小偷在離村子兩英里的地方被抓住了。found：找到；killed：被殺；jailed：投進(jìn)監(jiān)獄；caught：抓住，同capturecl.7.D[解析]本句話的意思是如果我留下來(lái)，未來(lái)有哪些晉升的時(shí)機(jī)呢？retirement：退休；advertisement：廣告；replacement：替代；advancement：提升、晉升，同promotion.8.A[解析]本句話的意思是我建議我們下一次會(huì)上討論這個(gè)。demancl，order，request均意為強(qiáng)烈的要求；只有suggest意為建議、提議。9.A[解析]本句話的意思是R0dman見(jiàn)Tony，希望能解決關(guān)于他合同上的糾紛。solve：解決，同settle；avoid：防止；mark：標(biāo)記；involve：陷入，涉及。10.A[解析]本句話的意思是你能給出一個(gè)具體的例子來(lái)支持你的觀點(diǎn)么？specific：具體的，同concrete；real：真實(shí)的；special：特別的；goocl：好的。11.B[解析]本句話的意思是這幅畫(huà)太棒了，色彩和光影的運(yùn)用特別巧妙。large：大；wonclerful：棒、好極了，同fascinating〔夢(mèng)幻的，很好的〕；new：新的；famlliar：熟悉的。外語(yǔ)￥教育網(wǎng)編輯整理12.D[解析]本句話的意思是，我們?cè)谏鐣?huì)問(wèn)題的解決方法上已有了重大的改變。quick：快速；regulaur：尋常的；clear：清晰的；greal：重大的，偉大的，同marked〔具有標(biāo)志性意義的〕。13.D[解析]本句話的意思是當(dāng)我看到賬單時(shí)，我驚呆了。excited：沖動(dòng)；aJlgry：生氣；lost：迷失了；surpEised：驚訝，同slIOCked〔震驚，驚呆〕。14.A[解析]本句話的意思是警察取得指紋，確認(rèn)了尸體的身份。recognize：確認(rèn)，認(rèn)出，同identity〔確認(rèn)〕；missed：錯(cuò)過(guò)；discovered：發(fā)現(xiàn)；touch：觸摸。15.C[解析]本句話的意思是如果我們現(xiàn)在走，應(yīng)該可以防止交通頂峰。mix：混合；stop：停止；avoid；防止，同miss〔錯(cuò)過(guò)，想念〕。direct：指導(dǎo)。第2局部：閱讀判斷16.A[解析]文章第一段的倒數(shù)第三句就說(shuō)到至少有七條地質(zhì)斷層穿越舊金山而過(guò)。17.C[解析]文章雖然說(shuō)舊金山大地震的破壞力非常之大，但是沒(méi)有明確指出其程度是美國(guó)歷史之最，所以是"notment：ionecl".18.A[解析]文章中說(shuō)到較大一點(diǎn)的地震其速度至少會(huì)超過(guò)3500米，而問(wèn)題為舊金山大地震時(shí)斷層滑動(dòng)最快的速度可以到達(dá)多少，根據(jù)邏輯推斷，應(yīng)該是超過(guò)3500米，所以正確。19.B[解析]文章第五段的第二句話就說(shuō)到1906年前地震頻繁，所以題干錯(cuò)誤。20.B[解析]雖然文章的五、六兩段都闡述了科學(xué)家們做的積極準(zhǔn)備，以及新建建筑物的牢固程度，但之后又話鋒一轉(zhuǎn)，說(shuō)還有84％的老樓不夠平安，而在最后一段，也提及人們的心態(tài)似乎比擬放松，沒(méi)有較多的憂患意識(shí)，因此來(lái)判斷該題不正確。21.C[解析]第五段的最后一句話說(shuō)科學(xué)家們預(yù)測(cè)到62％地震發(fā)生的概率，但是這并不意味著科學(xué)家們就能預(yù)測(cè)出準(zhǔn)確的時(shí)間，最后一段也說(shuō)明這是個(gè)時(shí)間問(wèn)題，而沒(méi)有明確說(shuō)明時(shí)間，所以該題選擇沒(méi)有提及。22.A[解析]此題如上題，科學(xué)家們預(yù)測(cè)出了地震發(fā)生的概率為62％，同時(shí)最后一句話說(shuō)只是時(shí)間問(wèn)題，可見(jiàn)，大地震襲擊舊金山是不可防止的。參考譯文大地震要來(lái)了？居住在舊金山的每個(gè)人都知道海灣地區(qū)易發(fā)生地震，并且它們可以是消滅性的。例如在1906年，一場(chǎng)大地震摧毀了28，000幢建筑并奪去了成千上萬(wàn)人的性命。舊金山的居民們都在擔(dān)憂下一場(chǎng)這樣的世紀(jì)大地震何時(shí)到來(lái)。這勢(shì)必會(huì)發(fā)生，因?yàn)橹辽儆衅邨l活潑的地質(zhì)斷層線穿過(guò)舊金山。斷層指的是地殼之間發(fā)生相互滑動(dòng)的位置，當(dāng)斷層面滑動(dòng)時(shí)，地震就發(fā)生了。為了做好防范，科學(xué)家們采用了一些新技術(shù)再次分析1906年大地震，來(lái)預(yù)測(cè)下一場(chǎng)地震來(lái)時(shí)，會(huì)造成多大的破壞。一個(gè)新的發(fā)現(xiàn)就是1906年大地震時(shí)，舊金山斷層滑移的速度比科學(xué)家們?cè)阮A(yù)想的要快一些。發(fā)生小地震時(shí)，斷層斷裂的速度是每秒2700米。而大一點(diǎn)的地震，移動(dòng)的速度可以超過(guò)每秒3500米。如此之快的速度將產(chǎn)生巨大的壓力，其所生成的地震波比地震本身的破壞力更為強(qiáng)大。而舊金山幸運(yùn)的是，地震時(shí)壓力脈沖的運(yùn)行遠(yuǎn)離了城市，否那么損失將更為巨大，盡管破壞已經(jīng)夠嚴(yán)重的了。放眼未來(lái)，科學(xué)家們正在預(yù)測(cè)下一場(chǎng)地震何時(shí)會(huì)來(lái)。記錄顯示，在1096年前，地震就經(jīng)常發(fā)生。1906年之后，地殼似乎安靜了一些。但根據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)顯示，在2032年之前，下一場(chǎng)大地震襲擊海灣地區(qū)的可能性至少有62％?，F(xiàn)在，盡管舊金山新建的大樓為了預(yù)防地震建造得十分鞏固、平安，但仍有84％的建筑物老、舊危險(xiǎn)。分析數(shù)據(jù)顯示，下一場(chǎng)大地震很可能會(huì)造成巨大的損失。由于地殼運(yùn)動(dòng)漸漸平復(fù)，居住在舊金山的人們平安感漸長(zhǎng)。但根據(jù)最新的研究，大地震終將發(fā)生，只是時(shí)間的問(wèn)題。第3局部：概括大意與完成句子23.E[解析]第一段開(kāi)篇就說(shuō)創(chuàng)造到現(xiàn)在幾近四分之一個(gè)世紀(jì)，又比照了早期和近期在功能上的不同，可以想見(jiàn)是在表達(dá)的歷史。24.C[解析]第二段講在人們的生活中十分普及，許多人離不開(kāi)，用于各個(gè)場(chǎng)合，因而意在說(shuō)明存在于每個(gè)人的生活中。25.A[解析]第三段例舉了對(duì)于家人聯(lián)系上的作用，有助于減少家庭的誤會(huì)糾紛，有助于父母聯(lián)系孩子，因而講的是同家庭的關(guān)系。26.F[解析]最后一段第一句就說(shuō)明了該段要講的是帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題，段中舉了青少年的例子，因此D選項(xiàng)有一定的迷惑性，但是縱觀全段，還是不局限于只描寫(xiě)青少年，因此選F.27.F[解析]文中原文：flowtlaerearecountlessnewfacilities28.A[解析]文中原文：cellplnonesaretlseclineveryarea0fourliyesancIllaveIlecomeanecessarytool29.B[解析]文中原文：wecanusecellphonestoletourfamilyknowwe'llbelateoriftlaere'sasuddenchangeofplanoranemergency30.C[解析]文中原文：tlleyhavebroughtwithtllemanumberofnewIleaclacIlesfortheirowners參考譯文無(wú)論你信不信，的誕生到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)近四分之一個(gè)世紀(jì)了。1979年，日本研發(fā)了第一個(gè)商業(yè)系統(tǒng)，當(dāng)然，現(xiàn)在的系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)更新了好幾代了。早期的又大又重，而現(xiàn)在它已經(jīng)變得如巴掌般大小輕巧。且在功能上有了飛躍式的改良。呼叫轉(zhuǎn)接、發(fā)短信、答錄功能和免提功能，這些早已出現(xiàn)，但現(xiàn)在又有了數(shù)不盡的新功能，如即時(shí)上網(wǎng)和收發(fā)圖片。早已在人們的生活中普及，最新的數(shù)據(jù)顯示世界每三個(gè)人中就有一個(gè)擁有，并且很多人說(shuō)他們離不開(kāi)。生活的各個(gè)方面都可能需要用到，它已成為一項(xiàng)必備的工具，用于社交和商業(yè)場(chǎng)合。如果你的車在高速公路上出現(xiàn)事故，能迅捷地為你呼叫幫助。當(dāng)人們?cè)?四處奔波"時(shí)，即旅游的時(shí)候，也能夠保持聯(lián)系。使得人們的聯(lián)系更為便捷并且在一定程度上減少了家人之間的爭(zhēng)辯。當(dāng)我們要遲到、臨時(shí)變更方案或發(fā)生突發(fā)緊急事件時(shí)，我們可以及時(shí)通知家人。使得成千上萬(wàn)的父母放下心來(lái)，當(dāng)他們的孩子外出晚歸時(shí)，他們可以隨時(shí)保持聯(lián)系。但這也并不意味著帶來(lái)的都是好處。它同時(shí)也給主人帶來(lái)了一系列麻煩事：如果你遭竊，那么再買一個(gè)的本錢也不小，這恐怕也是家常便飯的事了。另外，你要為話費(fèi)賬單花很多錢。還有更為潛在的健康問(wèn)題，人們擔(dān)憂的輻射可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致腦腫瘤。這對(duì)于那些由陪伴成長(zhǎng)的青少年來(lái)說(shuō)，無(wú)疑是一枚定時(shí)炸彈。第4局部：閱讀理解第一篇31.D[解析]本句話的譯文為每年冬天北極附近的北冰洋開(kāi)始結(jié)冰，build為結(jié)冰的意思，expanel有容積擴(kuò)張的意思，所以與build相符；而construct為修筑、建筑的意思，所以不能選。32.A[解析]原文為bytheendofsummer2007，theicehadshrunktocoverjust.4.2millionsquarekilometers.33.A[解析]第五段的最后一句話和第六段的第一、二句話說(shuō)明了科學(xué)家們推測(cè)冰川融化的原因，一為強(qiáng)風(fēng)；二為較少的云，即clearskies.34.D[解析]據(jù)第七段的第一句話withbothairantlwatergettingwarmer可知。35.C[解析]本文講述的科學(xué)家們擔(dān)憂氣溫上升、冰川融化，最后一句話表達(dá)了主旨，所以選C.參考譯文北極冰山融化地球的北極和南極都以冰冷聞名。但是，去年北冰洋上的冰含量跌到了歷史最低點(diǎn)。正常情況下，每年冬天北極附近的北冰洋開(kāi)始結(jié)冰，并在夏天縮減。但是多年以來(lái)，夏天結(jié)束時(shí)冰的含量在下降。自從1979年以來(lái)，每10年在夏季末的冰覆蓋量都下降11.4％。在1981到2000年之間，北極冰的厚度下降了22％，變成了1.13米這么薄。去年，北極的冰雪覆蓋到達(dá)了最薄的程度。在2007年夏天快結(jié)束的時(shí)候，冰層已經(jīng)縮減到只覆蓋420萬(wàn)平方公里。這比往年的平均覆蓋面積少38％，比2年前最低記錄少23％。這個(gè)持續(xù)的趨勢(shì)令科學(xué)家們?nèi)f分擔(dān)憂。冰雪融化有許多原因，西雅圖華盛頓大學(xué)的海洋學(xué)家張金倫說(shuō)，有許多原因?qū)е铝吮鶎尤诨?。極不尋常的強(qiáng)風(fēng)去年刮過(guò)大西洋，把大西洋中部的冰吹散去，留下大面積的薄冰和沒(méi)有冰覆蓋的海面?？茖W(xué)家們還疑心在大西洋上空有跟過(guò)去相比越來(lái)越少的云層。晴朗的天空使更多的陽(yáng)光照射大西洋。額外的熱量使水和空氣都變得溫暖。去年大西洋的局部海域，外表溫度比平均溫度高3.5攝氏度，比歷史最高點(diǎn)還高1.5攝氏度。由于空氣和水都變暖，冰從上面和下面都開(kāi)始融化。在波弗特海的局部海域，阿拉斯加的北部和加拿大的西部，夏天開(kāi)始時(shí)冰的厚度為3.3米，但到了季末僅僅為50厘米。新的測(cè)量說(shuō)明，情況遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)比科學(xué)家們僅僅從外表上看到的嚴(yán)重得多。新罕布什爾州漢諾威市的地球物理學(xué)家DonaldK.Perovich如是說(shuō)。一些科學(xué)家擔(dān)憂北極已經(jīng)深陷變熱的趨勢(shì)不能恢復(fù)。第二篇36.C[解析]前文提到科學(xué)家們沒(méi)有可能去觀察每一個(gè)地方的氣候變化現(xiàn)象，所以邀請(qǐng)普通人為他們觀察、收集信息。37.B[解析]根據(jù)"sentltlaeii'obseivationstoagiantdataJbaset0beobsetveclbyprofessionalscientists''可得知。38.B[解析]根據(jù)后文"afewminuteseachday0reachweektogatherdataandsencIitin"，可見(jiàn)就是對(duì)citizenscientist的描述。39.A[解析]文章全文都在說(shuō)普通人參與科學(xué)研究的工程，因此，只有A選項(xiàng)不符合。其他選項(xiàng)都能在文中找出。40.D[解析]問(wèn)題為finalpurpose，所以選D，跳過(guò)C.參考譯文公民科學(xué)家理解大自然對(duì)氣候變化有怎樣的反響需要監(jiān)視世界各個(gè)角落的關(guān)鍵的生命周期現(xiàn)象——花開(kāi)、葉子的出現(xiàn)，第一只青蛙叫出春天的到來(lái)。但是生態(tài)學(xué)家不可能去到世界的各個(gè)角落，所以他們有時(shí)也向被稱作公民科學(xué)家的非科學(xué)家求助。氣象科學(xué)家不可能足跡普及天下。因?yàn)樵谑澜缟嫌腥绱硕嗟牡胤剑瑳](méi)有足夠的科學(xué)家來(lái)觀察它們。所以他們請(qǐng)求你來(lái)幫助觀察全世界氣候變化的跡象。公民科學(xué)家運(yùn)動(dòng)鼓勵(lì)普通人根據(jù)自己的興趣來(lái)觀察某一個(gè)特定的方面，如鳥(niǎo)兒、樹(shù)木、花蕾等等，并把他們的觀察結(jié)果發(fā)送到一個(gè)巨大的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)來(lái)供專業(yè)科學(xué)家研究。這有助于數(shù)量有限的科學(xué)家得到如果只靠他們自己根本收集不到的巨大數(shù)據(jù)。就像公民記者幫助報(bào)道傳統(tǒng)新聞報(bào)道方式所忽略的小型社區(qū)的相關(guān)信息一樣，公民科學(xué)家也對(duì)他們所居住的環(huán)境很熟悉。他們所需要做的就是每天或每周留出幾分鐘來(lái)搜集數(shù)據(jù)并發(fā)送過(guò)來(lái)。一群科學(xué)家和教育家在去年發(fā)起了一個(gè)叫做"紐約國(guó)家"物候?qū)W組織。"物候?qū)W"就是科學(xué)家們所說(shuō)的在自然中研究每個(gè)事件的時(shí)間。其中一個(gè)小組的首要嘗試就是依靠科學(xué)家和非科學(xué)家來(lái)收集關(guān)于每年植物開(kāi)花和長(zhǎng)葉子的數(shù)據(jù)。這一工程叫做花季追蹤方案，它收集遍布美國(guó)的各種各樣的植物生長(zhǎng)周期的數(shù)據(jù)。參與這一工程的人們——這一方案對(duì)所有人開(kāi)放——把他們的觀察記錄在花季追蹤方案網(wǎng)站上。"人們不需要植物學(xué)家——他們僅僅需要環(huán)視四周看看周圍有什