中考教育被動語態(tài)專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練講解句型轉(zhuǎn)換

中考被動語態(tài)專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練-講解+句型變換主動語態(tài)與被動語態(tài).見解:主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者,被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者。.被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成：助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞三.被動語態(tài)的時態(tài):以為work例:一般現(xiàn)在時:am/is/are+worked一般過去時:was/were+worked一般將來時:shall/will+be+worked過去將來時:should/would+worked現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時:am/is/are+being+worked過去進(jìn)行時:was/were+being+worked過去進(jìn)行時:was/were+being+worked現(xiàn)在完成時:have/has+been+worked過去完成時:had+been+worked將來完成時:shall/will+havebeen+worked過去將來完成時:should/would+havebeen+worked神情動詞(can/may/must/shouldetc.)+be+動詞的過去分詞四.用法：當(dāng)我們不知道誰是動作的執(zhí)行者也許沒有必要指出誰是動作的執(zhí)行者時也許只需重申換作的承受者時，要用被動語態(tài)。五.方法：ManypeoplespeakEnglish.(主動語態(tài))Englishisspokenbymanypeople.（被動語態(tài)）六.注意以下問題：帶有雙賓語的動詞變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，能夠把其中一個賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主語，若將直接賓語(sth.)變?yōu)橹髡Z，須依照習(xí)慣在原間接賓語前加上介詞to或for.用to的常有詞有：give,show,send,lend,pass,pay,teach,throw,take,bringetc.用for的常有詞有：make,choose,sing,play,draw,save,buy,get,leave,cooketc.eg.Marygavehimsomebooks.HewasgivensomebooksbyMary.SomebooksweregiventohimbyMary.Herfatherboughtheranewbike.Shewasboughtanewbikebyherfather.Anewbikewasboughtforherbyherfather.B.帶復(fù)合賓語（賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語）的動詞變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，只能將賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主語，賓語補(bǔ)足語不能變?yōu)橹髡Z。eg.1.WecallhimGina.HeiscalledGina(byus).2.Theymademehappy.Iwasmadehappy(bythem).Heaskedmetocomehere.Iwasaskedtocomehere(byhim)C.在see,let,make,hear,watchetc.動詞此后，作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動詞不定式不帶to，但在變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，則必然要加上to。eg.Wesawthemplayfootballjustnow.Theywereseentoplayfootballjustnow.WeoftenhearhersinginEnglish.SheisoftenheardtosinginEnglish.D.在某些“不及物動詞+介詞/副詞”(相當(dāng)于及物物動詞)的句子中，變被動語態(tài)時，注意不要拋棄介詞/副詞。eg.Peopleoftentalkaboutthatfilm.Thatfilmisoftentalkedabout.Weshouldspeaktotheoldpeoplepolitely.Theoldpeopleshouldbespokentopolitely.當(dāng)“動詞+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語”結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，將賓語變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)中的主語，其余不動。比方:Someonecaughttheboysmokingacigarette.可改為Theboywascaughtsmokingacigarette.need表示需要時，后邊常接doing形式表示被動意義，相當(dāng)于tobedone.Allthecomputersneedrepairing.=Allthecomputersneed_______________.被動語態(tài)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)1.AlargenumberofpeoplespeakFrenchinParis.French______________alargenumberofpeopleinParis.2.TheyproducesilkinSuzhou.Silk__________________inSuzhou.3.Doeshecleantheroomeveryday?______theroom__________________everyday?Weoftensingthissong.____________________________________________.Doeshecleantheroomeveryday?______theroom__________________everyday?Didhepaintthewindowred?______thewindow______________________?Mycousinrepairedthebrokenwatch.Thebrokenwatch______________mycousin.8.Theybuiltabridgebetweenthetwoislandslastyear.Abridge________________betweenthetwoislandslastyear.9.Wheredidtheyplanttrees?Where_________trees_________?Hebrokehisleginthematch.________________________.11.Wewillgiveabirthdaypartytomorrow.___________________________________________.Shewillsellherhousesoon.___________________________________________.Wewillbuildanewlibrarythisyear.Anewlibrary____________________by_______thisyear.14.PeoplearestillcuttingdowntoomanytreesintheUSA.______________________________________________________.Heisrepairingthemachine.___________________________________________.Aretheyteachingforeignlanguagesthere?______foreignlanguages________________there?17.Areyougoingtomakeanewplane?____anewplane_____________________?Hehasfinishedhiswork.________________________________________.Havetheyfinishedthenewproject?______thenewproject_____________by______?Weshouldplantthetreesaroundthelake.Thetrees________________aroundthelake.Youcanborrowtwobooksatatime.Twobooks___________________________atatime.22.Wecallmathsthelanguageofscience.Maths__________________thelanguageofscience.23.Theteachermadethestudentscopythetext.Thestudents___________________________copythetext.24.SomeonesawJohncrossthestreetjustnow.John___________________________thestreetjustnowbysomeone.25.ThebossmadetheworkersworkalldayTheworkers____________workalldaybytheboss.26.HegavemeabookI____________abookbyhim.Abook_____________mebyhim.27.Mymothermademeacake.I_________acakebymymotherAcake____________mebymymother.28.IheardTomsingingjustnowTom_______________bymejustnow.Weshouldtakecareoftheold.Theoldshould_____________________.Myauntboughtmeapresentonmybirthday.I_________apresentbymyauntonmybirthday.Apresent______________mebymyauntonmybirthday.二、英語書面表達(dá)專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練2．中國傳統(tǒng)文化積厚流光，代代相傳。近期各校都在張開學(xué)習(xí)中國傳統(tǒng)文化活動。某網(wǎng)站正在張開以“弘揚(yáng)中國傳統(tǒng)文化”為題征文，請你用英文寫一篇報道，介紹你校上周舉辦的“講中國成語故事”活動并談?wù)勀愕氖斋@與感覺。提示詞語：Chineseidioms,story,collect,share,learnfrom,acient提示問題：●Whatdidyoudoduringtheactivityof"TellingChineseidiomsstory"?Whatdidyoulearnfromtheactivity?Whatdoyouthinkofit?【答案】Theactivityof“TellingChineseidiomsstory”washeldinourschoollastweek.Inordertotakepartinthisactivity,IcollectedlotsofChineseidiomstoriesinadvance.Manystudents,includingme,activelysharedtheChineseidiomstoriesintheactivity.Aftereachstory,theteacherexplainedthemeaningofidiomsandhowtouseitcorrectly.Welearnedalotfromourteacher.Ididlotsofreadingintheprocessofpreparation.Myreadingabilityhasimprovedgreatly.Whatmore,IrealizedtherichnessofChineseacientculture.Ireallyhadagoodtimeontheactivity.

’s【解析】【詳解】1.題干解讀：這是一篇大綱類書面表達(dá)，只給了一些要點(diǎn)提示，但都不很明確。學(xué)生除了要把所給要點(diǎn)提示都表達(dá)出來外，還要進(jìn)行合適拓展，使文章內(nèi)容充分。2.例文談?wù)摚豪牟捎萌问?；用第一人稱來表達(dá)講成語故事活動；因?yàn)榛顒右呀?jīng)舉辦，所以時態(tài)采用一般過去時；對參加活動的過程描述完滿且條理清楚。3.高分亮點(diǎn)：短語：inorderto，takepartin，lotsof，learnfrom，intheprocessof，What’smore，haveagoodtime。句型：被動句型。3．4月23日是“世界讀書日”，你校英語俱樂部正在張開主題為“多讀書，讀好書”的活動。若是你是李華，請你寫一封建議書，向全體同學(xué)發(fā)出號召。內(nèi)容包括：應(yīng)該讀什么樣的書，以及讀書的意義。提示詞語：story,novel,knowledge,improve,important提示問題：●Whatkindofbooksshouldweread?

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Whydoweread?Dearstudents,theWorldReadingDayiscoming.SoI’mhereagaintocallonallofustoreadmorebooksandreadgoodbooks.LiHua【答案】例文Dearstudents,theWorldReadingDayiscoming.Asamiddleschoolstudent,everyoneshouldreadbooks.Firstly,readingincreasesourknowledgeandwecanlearntheworldaffairswithoutgoingout.Secondly,readingisagoodwaytoimprovereadingandwritingskills.Finally,readingcanbroadenourknowledgeandhorizon,whichisimportanttojobhuntinginthefuture.Therefore,starttoreading,nomatterhowoldyouareandwhatyouaredoing.SoI’mhereagaintocallonallofustoreadmorebooksandreadgoodbooks.LiHua【解析】【詳解】題干解讀：該題目屬于應(yīng)用文寫作，但寫作時要依照顧用文格式寫，寫作時承接短文開頭，寫出對學(xué)生的建議。例文談?wù)摚豪牟捎玫氖且欢问?，寫的是閱讀的好處，時態(tài)采用的是一般現(xiàn)在時，描述建議時，描述認(rèn)真，條理清楚。高分亮點(diǎn)：短語：Firstly；Secondly；Finally；agoodwaytodosth；broadenourknowledgeandhorizon。句型：readingisagoodwaytoimprovereadingandwritingskills；readingcanbroadenourknowledgeandhorizon,whichisimportanttojobhuntinginthefuture。4．若是你是班長李華，今天你們班對立刻到來的暑期計劃進(jìn)行了談?wù)?。你們班的外教David對此很感興趣。請你依照以下信息，給David寫一封電子郵件，告訴他談?wù)摰那闆r及你自己自己的計劃及原因。比率計劃原因50%去國內(nèi)外旅游1.放松;2.欣賞美景30%多讀一些書1.增加知識；2.培養(yǎng)興趣20%參加社會實(shí)踐1.鍛煉自己;2.結(jié)識朋友你的計劃?(最少一個)？（請你補(bǔ)充）注意：(1)郵件應(yīng)包括所有要點(diǎn)(2)詞數(shù)80個左右(開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入詞數(shù))；(3)不得表露學(xué)校、姓名等任何個人信息，否則不予評分注：社會實(shí)踐socialpracticeactivitiesDearDavidI'mwritingtotellyousomethingaboutourdiscussiontoday.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Bestwishes!YoursLiHua【答案】DearDavidI'mwritingtotellyousomethingaboutourdiscussiontoday.Thestudentshavetheirownplansabouthowtospendameaningfulsummervacation.Halfofthestudentsplantotravelathomeandabroad.Theywanttorelaxandenjoythebeautifulscenery.Thirtypercentofstudentsplantoreadmorebooks.Theybelievethatreadingcanincreaseknowledge.Readingbookscanmakepeoplesmartanddevelopinterests.20%ofthemplantotakepartinsocialpracticeactivities.Theywanttoexercisethemselvesandmakenewfriends.I'mgoingtotakepartinsocialpracticeactivities,too.Iwanttolearnsomethingnewandgetgoodexperiencefromtheseactivities.Bestwishes!YoursLiHua【解析】【詳解】這篇短文使用了大量的固定句式和短語，為文章添色很多，如howtodo，spendameaningfulsummervacation，halfof，plantodo，travelathomeandabroad，enjoythebeautifulscenery，takepartin，socialpracticeactivities，makenewfriends等。而非謂語動詞結(jié)構(gòu)Thestudentshavetheirownplansabouthowtospendameaningfulsummervacation./Readingbookscanmakepeoplesmartanddevelopinterests.和賓語從句Theybelievethatreadingcanincreaseknowledge.的運(yùn)用，豐富了短文內(nèi)容，使表達(dá)多樣化，是本文的亮點(diǎn)。在學(xué)習(xí)中注意總結(jié)牢記一些固定句式及短語，寫作時就可以合適引用，使文章表達(dá)更有邏輯性，也更富饒條理?！军c(diǎn)睛】書面表達(dá)題既不是漢譯英，也不是可任意發(fā)揮的作文。它要求將所規(guī)定的資料內(nèi)容經(jīng)整理后張開思想，觀察運(yùn)用所學(xué)英語知識正確表達(dá)意思的能力。所以，考生不能夠遺漏要點(diǎn)，要盡量使用自己熟悉的單詞、短語和句式，盡可能使用高級詞匯和較復(fù)雜的句式結(jié)構(gòu)以便獲取較高的分?jǐn)?shù)。5．請你依照以下內(nèi)容提示，以“TheStoryofLingling為題，為”社區(qū)宣傳專欄寫一篇短文，介紹在玲玲身上發(fā)生的一件事。（1）上周晚飯后玲玲和媽媽一起出去閑步，在社區(qū)的門口看見一個錢包；2）玲玲把包起，包里有身份和一些；3）玲玲和把包交保安，保安把個信息到小區(qū)的微信群中；4）失主看到信息后，來取回包并玲玲和表示感；5）你得??參照：社區(qū)community身份IDcard保安guard微信群Wechatgroup失主owner要求：1）數(shù)：80～100個。2）短文的目和開已出，不入數(shù)。3）要點(diǎn)全，行文，可合適。TheStoryofLinglingLastweek_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】TheStoryofLinglingLastFriday,Linglingwentoutforawalkwithhermotheraftersupper.Shesawawalletatthedoorofthecommunity.LinglingpickedupherwalletandfoundthattherewereIDcardsandsomemoneyinit.Linglingandhermotherhandedthewallettothesecurityguard,whosentthenewstothemicrophonegroupinthecommunity.Whentheownersawthenews,hecametofetchherwalletandthankedLinglingandhermother..IthinkLiHuadidagooddeed.Weshouldlearnfromher.【解析】【解】本文是一篇資料作文。依照以下內(nèi)容提示，以“TheStoryofLingling”，社區(qū)宣寫一篇短文，介在玲玲身上生的一件事。文章用一般去，人稱主要第三人稱。本文所資料比，考生要做的就是用正確的英把些內(nèi)容表達(dá)出來。筆前要真資料，不能漏要點(diǎn)，并可合適。在寫作，注意扣主，句成篇，要次清楚，要點(diǎn)分明，中心突出。同要注意言的表述吻合法的構(gòu)，造句吻合英的表達(dá)；盡量使用自己熟悉的句式，最好不要寫太的復(fù)合句；盡量取的易拼寫的，保證正確率；、句式要豐富多，能夠文章添色添彩。最后要心復(fù)核，保證正確無?！军c(diǎn)睛】點(diǎn)睛：第一真，看清目中的要求和要點(diǎn)；爾后依照提示內(nèi)容，列出寫作要點(diǎn)及每個要點(diǎn)中可能要用到的表達(dá)；爾后緊扣要點(diǎn)，動筆寫作，在寫作過程中，要注意句與句、段與段之間的過渡，必要時可合適運(yùn)用表示轉(zhuǎn)折、因果、并列、比較等關(guān)系的連詞，使文章過渡平穩(wěn)，自然流暢；最后，要認(rèn)真檢查有無單詞拼寫錯誤、標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號誤用等，還要檢查語法結(jié)構(gòu)可否合理，有無重復(fù)、啰嗦的語言，大小寫可否正確，詞數(shù)可否吻合要求等。6．若是你是李華，你的美國朋友Jack熱愛中國的唐詩宋詞。近來他對母親節(jié)你在博客里發(fā)的《游子吟》（Songofthepartingson）很感興趣，給你寫信想認(rèn)識該詩，請你依照以下提示給他回信：1.作者：孟郊2.時間：唐朝3.內(nèi)容：母親為兒子做衣服4.主題：母愛的偉大注意：1.文中不得出現(xiàn)你的真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校名稱；2.語言暢達(dá)，意思連結(jié)，條理清楚，書寫規(guī)范；3.詞數(shù):80-100詞左右，信件的開頭與結(jié)尾已經(jīng)給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。DearJack,I’mgladheartofromyou.IknowyouareinterestedinthispoemSongofthepartingson.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,【答案】DearJack,I’mgladtohearfromyou.IknowyouareinterestedinthispoemSongofthepartingson.NowI’mwritingtotellyousomethingaboutit.SongofthepartingsonisoneofthemostpopularChinesepoems.ItwaswrittenbyMengJiao,afamouspoetinTangDynasty.Itdescribesacommonmatterindailylife—amothermakingclothesforherson,whichisfamiliartomostofus.Itmainlyshowshowgreatamotherbe.Inaword,thisshortpoemhastouchedmanypeople’shearts.Ifyouhaveanyotherquestionsaboutthispoem,pleasetellme.

’slovYours,LiHua【解析】【解析】這是一篇資料作文?！驹斀狻恳勒諆?nèi)容可知，這是一篇書信類文章。時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時。人稱是第一人稱和第三人稱。英語作文一般分為三個部分：第一部分：交代寫信目的——朋友Jack熱愛中國的唐詩宋詞。我將給你介紹《游子吟》Songofthepartingson）這首詩。第二部分：文章主體部分——詳盡介紹《游子吟》（Songofthepartingson）這首詩。1.作者：孟郊2.時間：唐朝3.內(nèi)容：母親為兒子做衣服4.主題：母愛的偉大第三部分：信的結(jié)語——若是對方有任何問題，能夠連續(xù)問自己，并希望收到對方的來信。7．“業(yè)精于勤而荒于嬉，行成于思而毀于隨”。優(yōu)秀的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣是成功的一半，只有擁有了優(yōu)秀的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣，學(xué)習(xí)才能獲取提高。某英文網(wǎng)站正在張開以“如何養(yǎng)成優(yōu)秀的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣”為主題的征文活動。若是你是李華，請用英語寫一篇短文投稿，談?wù)勀闶窃趺醋龅?，以及為什么這樣做。提示詞語：getreadyfor,takenotes,ontime提示問題：●Whatdoyoudotodevelopyourgoodlearninghabitsinyourdailylife?Whydoyoudoso?Asamiddleschoolstudent,__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Asamiddleschoolstudent,it'simportantforustodevelopourgoodlearninghabits.Ioftendosomethingsinmydailylife：First,Igetreadyfornewlessonsbeforeclass.Second,Ilistentotheteacherscarefullyandtakenotesoftheimportantpointsineveryclass.Third,Ialwaysfinishmyhomeworkontime.Atthesametime,Idomuchreadingeveryday.Finally,IworkhardandturntotheteachersandclassmateswhenIhavedifficulties.OnlyinthiswaycanIlearnbetterandimprovemyselffaster.【解析】【詳解】1.題干解讀：這是一篇大綱式作文。以“如何養(yǎng)成優(yōu)秀的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣”為主題寫一篇英文稿件,主要談?wù)勛约旱暮玫膶W(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣。在寫作時,要依照提出的幾個問題為中心圍繞張開，再進(jìn)行合適的延伸。例文談?wù)摚何恼虏捎萌问剑钥偡挚偟男问綄⑽恼轮黝}描述的清楚了然。文中采用first,second,finally表述自己的見解，語言層次感很強(qiáng)，表達(dá)正確。高分亮點(diǎn)：短語：getreadyfor；takenotes；ontime；dailylife；importantpoints。句型：Itis＋adj.forsb.todosth.；when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。8．Agoodbookisimportanttome要求：1.緊扣主題，意思連結(jié)，語言暢達(dá)，書寫規(guī)范。使用名字，請用Mike,Gina等英文名字;校名一以致用少于60。

2.不得使用真實(shí)姓名和校名，如需GuangmingMiddleSchool。3.詞數(shù)不【答案】Agoodbookisimportantforme.Itcannotonlyhelpbroadenmyhorizons,butalsogivemeinspiration.Fromthegoodbook,Icanlearnwhatothersthink,andtheirviewsabouttheworld.What’smore,Icanevenlivetheirlives,whicharetotallydifferentfrommine.Forme,agoodbookisreallylikeagoodfriend,whocanteachmehowtosolvetheproblemswhenIamintrouble.Agoodbookhelpsmealot,anditisquiteimportantformeinmylife.【解析】【解析】本題是命題作文，依照題目一本好書對我是重要的，自己寫相關(guān)內(nèi)容，能夠是你讀了什么書，該書對你產(chǎn)生了什么影響。也能夠是一本好書為什么對你來說是重要的?！驹斀狻勘酒恼轮饕獜臑槭裁磳ξ抑匾@個角度來寫。文章時態(tài)主要用一般現(xiàn)在時，人稱為第一人稱。題目并沒有給過多的提示信息，所以需要學(xué)生自己考慮行文內(nèi)容。在寫作時，注意緊扣主題，連句成篇，要層次清楚，要點(diǎn)分明，中心突出。同時要注意語言的表述應(yīng)該吻合語法的結(jié)構(gòu)，造句應(yīng)該吻合英語的表達(dá)習(xí)慣；盡量使用自己熟悉的單詞句式，最好不要寫太長的復(fù)合句；盡量采用簡單的易拼寫的單詞，保證正確率；詞匯、句式要豐富多樣，能夠?yàn)槲恼绿砩聿?。最后要認(rèn)真復(fù)核檢查，保證正確無誤。【點(diǎn)睛】第一認(rèn)真審題，看清題目中的要求和要點(diǎn)；爾后依照提示內(nèi)容，列出寫作要點(diǎn)及每個要點(diǎn)中可能要用到的表達(dá)；爾后扣要點(diǎn)，筆寫作，在寫作程中，要注意句與句、段與段之的渡，必要可合適運(yùn)用表示折、因果、并列、比等關(guān)系的，使文章渡平，自然流；最后，要仔有無拼寫、點(diǎn)符號用等，要法構(gòu)可否合理，有無重復(fù)、的言，大小寫可否正確，數(shù)可否吻合要求等。9．響我市全面建國家文明城市的號召，水市中小學(xué)張開“文明城市，健康生活主的英征文活。你以“TheCivilizedCity,theHealthyL