模擬演練08-2019屆江蘇高考英語3500詞匯復習與檢測(解析版)

精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-----傾情為你奉上精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-----傾情為你奉上專心---專注---專業(yè)專心---專注---專業(yè)精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-----傾情為你奉上專心---專注---專業(yè)一、單項填空(從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項)1.Ahugeamountofenvironmentaldamagehasbeen_______bythedestructionoftherainforests.A.broughtin B.broughtup C.broughtabout D.broughtdown【答案】C【解析】bringin收獲，得到，引進；bringup提出，撫養(yǎng)，教育；bringabout引起，實現(xiàn)，導致，帶來；bringdown降低。句意：對熱帶雨林的破壞給環(huán)境帶來了很大的危害。2.ThetwoChinesescientistshavemadeawonderfuldiscovery,whichmarksamajor_______inthebasicresearchinthefield.A. boom B.business C.burden D.breakthrough【答案】D【解析】繁榮，景氣；business事務，事情；burden重擔，重負，責任，義務；breakthrough突破。句意：這兩個中國科學家做出重大發(fā)現(xiàn)，這標志著這個領域的重大突破。3.Thegovernmenthastakenmeasuresto_______thepricesofdailynecessitiestokeepthemarketstable.A.blowdown B.breakdown C.bringabout D.bringdown【答案】D4.ItwasatthatmomentthatInoticedthecarwas_______upanddownasifsomeonewerejumpingonitA.booming B.bouncing C.brushing D.braking【答案】B【解析】bounce彈起，bounceupanddown上下顛簸。句意：就在那個時候我注意到那輛車在上下顛簸，好像有人在車上蹦跳似的。boom隆隆響；brush輕擦，掠過(某人/某物)；brake剎車。5.—Doyoubelievethatdifficultsituationsorhardexperiences_______thebestqualitiesofaman?—Thereisnodoubtaboutthat.A.bringin B.bringout C.bringforwardD.bringup【答案】B【解析】bringin引進；bringout使顯出；bringforward提出；bringup提出。句意：“你相信困難的處境或者艱苦的經(jīng)歷能顯現(xiàn)出一個人好的品質(zhì)嗎？”“我深信不疑?！?.AgovernmentspokespersononFridaycalledforChina’s500millionInternetusersto_______unconfirmedonlinerumors.A.boycott B.bear C.advocate D.ban【答案】A【解析】boycott(聯(lián)合)抵制；bear忍受，容忍；advocate提倡，擁護；ban禁止，取締。句意：政府發(fā)言人周五要求中國5億互聯(lián)網(wǎng)用戶聯(lián)合抵制網(wǎng)絡謠言。7.Heisveryawareofwhattopicsheshouldandshouldnot_______attheconference.A.bringback B.bringabout C.bringup D.bringin【答案】C【解析】bringback送還，帶回，使恢復；bringabout引起，實現(xiàn)，導致，帶來；bringup提出；bringin引進。句意：在會議上，他很清楚自己應該和不應該提出什么樣的話題。8.Weall_______asighofreliefwhenthenewscamewhethernoonewasinjuredintheaccident.A.balanced B.bore C.breathed D.blessed【答案】C【解析】breatheasighofrelief：松了一口氣，松了口氣，寬慰地舒一口氣。句意：當聽到事故中沒有人受傷的消息傳來，我們大家都松了一口氣。9.Herewefoundlittlesnow,asmostofitseemedtohavebeen_______themountain.A.blownup B.blowndown C.blownoff D.brokendown【答案】C10.Whenthereachedthetopofthehill,they_______sotheyhadtostopforarest.A.heldtheirbreath B.gottheirbreathback C.losttheirbreath D.outofbreath【答案】C【解析】holdone’sbreath屏住呼吸；getone’sbreathback喘過氣來；losetheirbreath喘不過氣來；outofbreath上氣不接下氣(不可以作謂語)。句意：當他到達山頂?shù)臅r候，他們喘不過氣來，因此他們不得不停下來休息一會。11.Curiosityispartofchildren’snature.Theyalwaysinsistongettingtothe_______ofeverything.A.brand B.background C.basis D.bottom【答案】D【解析】gettothebottomof“弄清……的底細”，符合語境。句意：好奇心是孩子們的天性，他們總喜歡刨根問底。12.Atleast30percentofthegovernmentspeechesabandon_______tonesandembracedthemostpopularcyberwordsdevelopedbyChinesenetizensinthepastyear.A.broken B.bureaucratic C.blind D.broad【答案】B【解析】broken違反的，不守約的，(語言)拙劣的，結結巴巴的；bureaucratic官僚的；blind盲目的；broad概括的。句意：至少百分之三十的政府演講摒棄了官腔并接受中國網(wǎng)民在過去的一年中開發(fā)的最流行的網(wǎng)絡詞匯。13.Thegovernmenthadto_______privatehousestomakeroomfornewblocksofapartments.A.blowup B.breakup C.breakdown D.blowoff【答案】A【解析】blowup(使)爆炸，炸掉，毀掉，炸毀，破壞，充氣；breakup分手；breakdown拋錨，出故障，失敗，分解，中斷；blowoff吹掉。句意：政府不得不炸掉私人住宅為新公寓樓讓出空間。14.Itisbeyondawkwardwheneveryonearoundyou_______laughingatajokethatyoudonotfindfunny,especiallyifit’sajoketoldinaforeignlanguage.A.breaksout B.burstsout C.burstsinto D.breaksinto【答案】B15.Witnessessaidthesecurityforcesuseteargasto_______protestsbyabout200peopleinTeheran,althoughthiscan’tbeindependentlyconfirmed.A.breakout B.breakdown C.breakup D.breakthrough【答案】C【解析】breakup“解散，驅(qū)散”，符合語境。句意：目擊者說，安全部隊使用催淚瓦斯驅(qū)散德黑蘭參加抗議活動的200多人，盡管消息還沒有得到可靠證實。學*科網(wǎng)16.Whenwegoagainstwhattheinnervoicesaywefeelguiltyandare_______byitthroughoutourlives.A.bored B.buried C.blocked D.bothered【答案】D【解析】bother“麻煩，煩惱”，符合語境。句意：當我們違心的做了某件事情時，我們會有一種負罪感，并且在一生當中還會時時為這種感覺所煩惱。17.Theinternationalcommunityshouldmakeeveryefforttogetherto_______thebarriersoffearandunfriendlinesswhichdividethetwocountries.A.breakout B.breakdown C.breakthrough D.breakinto【答案】B【解析】breakdown“化解”，符合語境。句意：國際社會應該盡一切努力化解產(chǎn)生分歧的這兩個國家之間的恐懼和敵對的障礙。18.Theearlywarningoffloods,_______overtheradioandonTV,spreadquicklythroughthearea.A.brought B.burst C.broadcast D.backed【答案】C【解析】broadcast(broadcast,broadcast)“廣播，報道”，符合語境。句意：關于洪水的早期警報，通過廣播和電視的播送，快速地在這一區(qū)域傳播開來。19.Modernformsoftransportationandcommunicationhavedonemuchto_______theisolation(隔離)oflifeinAlaska.A.breakdown B.breakout C.breakinto D.breakthrough【答案】D【解析】breakthrough“突破”，符合語境。句意：現(xiàn)代形式的通訊和運輸大大突破了阿拉斯加的孤立生活狀態(tài)。20.—Doyoulikeyournewjob,George?—Yes,everythingisgreatandbeingabletowalktoworkisanadded_______forme.A.bargain B.budget C.bonus D.balance【答案】C【解析】bargain便宜貨；budget預算；bonus意外收獲；balance平衡。句意：“喬治，你喜歡你的新工作嗎？”“是的，一切都很好，能夠步行去上班是這份新工作額外的好處?！?1.Thebestwaytodealwithcomplexproblemsisto_______them_______intosmallerproblems.A.break,down B.break,in C.break,out D.break,through【答案】A【解析】break...downinto...“把……分解成……”，符合語境。句意：處理復雜問題的傳統(tǒng)方法就是把他們分成小問題，更容易處理這些問題。22.Lifeislikeacupoftea.Itwon’tbe_______foralifetimebutforashortwhileanyway.A.brilliant B.brief C.boring D.bitter【答案】D23.Accordingtoarecentsurvey,homeworkiswhatstudentsmostoften_______fortheirlackofsleep.A.blame B.beg C.bid D.ache【答案】A【解析】blame...forsth.“因為某事怪罪”，符合語境。句意：根據(jù)最近的一項調(diào)查，家庭作業(yè)是學生最常因缺乏睡眠而歸罪的原因。24.Manymediaseemtotransformthewrongconceptthatbeingslimisbeingbeautiful,somanyteenagersaregoingonadiet_______blindly.A.bitterly B.blindly C.awfully D.badly【答案】B【解析】blindly“盲目地”，符合語境。句意：很多媒體似乎在傳送錯誤的概念，身材苗條就是美，所以很多年輕人在盲目地節(jié)食。25.Theprofessorcouldtellbythe_______lookinMaris’seyesthatshedidn’tunderstandasinglewordofhislecture.A.bored B.blank C.basic D.blonde【答案】B【解析】blank“茫然的，無表情的“，符合語境。句意：教授從瑪麗茫然的眼神可以看出她根本聽不懂他的演講。26.Beijinghasstruggledwithsmogforyears,whichhas_______thesunandaffectedthehealthandqualityoflifeofmillions.A.blownoff B.leftbehind C.brokenoffD.blockedoff【答案】D27.ChinaBusinessDailyreportedthe60%discountsonsomeBeijing-shanghaiflightshavenowslippedbackto20%when_______onedayinadvance.A.bought

B.broadened

C.budgeted

D.booked【答案】D【解析】book“預定”，符合語境。句意：如果提前一天預訂，從北京到上海的機票折扣從百分之60下降到百分之20。28.Nowadaysmoreandmorepeopleregardtravelingaspartoftheirlife,andChinesetransporthasbeenstrengthenedfortheholidaytravel_______.A.burden B.bounce C.budget D.boom【答案】D【解析】boom“繁榮，迅速發(fā)展”，符合語境。句意：現(xiàn)在越來越多的人把旅游當成生活的一部分，為了讓假日旅游迅速發(fā)展，中國的交通也被進一步加強了。29.Whatmakesthebookssoimportantisthatbecausetheyappealtoreadersofallages,theycreateaspecialliterary_______betweenparentsandchildren.A.border B.brand C.boundary D.bond【答案】D【解析】bond“關系，紐帶”，符合語境。句意：讓這些書重要的是因為他們吸引了各個年齡段的讀者，在父母和孩子之間創(chuàng)立了一種特殊的文學關系。30.Atthattime,allofusweretryingtomaintainatight_______,andspendinghadtobekepttominimumforeconomicsurvival.A.burden B.business C.budget D.bonus【答案】C【解析】根據(jù)spending一詞可知，前面提到的應是開支預算，故要用budget。句意：當時我們所有的人都在努力壓縮開支，為了在經(jīng)濟危機中生存下來，花銷必須做到最少。31.Personallyspeaking,Chineseparentsshouldencouragechildrenmore,gettingtheirconfidenceto_______.A.breakup B.bumpup C.buildup D.bringup【答案】C【解析】buildup“逐步建立，增進”，符合語境。句意：就我個人而言，中國的父母們應該更多地鼓勵孩子們，幫助他們逐步建立起自信心。32.Ashortmanappearedsuddenlyinthedoorway,andDavehadtopullupsharplysoastoavoid_______him.A.burstinginto B.bumpinginto C.breakinginto D.bringinginto【答案】B【解析】bumpinto“撞上，碰上”，符合語境。句意：一個矮個子男人突然出現(xiàn)在門口，為了不撞到他，戴維不得不快速停下來。33.Nowadaysseniorhighschoolstudentsare_______toomanyexpectations,whichismakingthemlessandlessconfident.A.benton B.burdenedwith C.beneficialto D.buriedin【答案】B【解析】beburdenedwith“負擔著……”，符合語境。句意：如今的高中生背負著太多的期望，使他們越來越不自信了。34.Don’tbeafraidofdifficulties.Theycanhelpyouaccumulateexperience,andexperiencecan,inreturn,_______yourhorizons.A.bounce B.broaden C.burden D.boom【答案】B35.Thedevelopmentoftechnologyandmanypeople’s_______needmaketocloneornottocloneahumanbeingnolonganacademicquestionbutarealproblemmanygovernmentsface.A.boiling B.boring C.burning D.born【答案】C【解析】burning“急切的，(欲望等)熾烈的，強烈的”，符合語境。句意：技術的發(fā)展和人們的強烈需求使得是否克隆人類不再是一個學術上的問題，而是一個很多政府面對的難題。二、完形填空(從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項)Theroomintheworkhousewheretheboyswerefedwasalargestonehall,andatoneendthemasterandtwowomenservedthefood.This___1___abowlofthinsoupthreetimesaday,withapieceofbreadonSundays.Theboysate___2___andwerealwayshungry.Thebowlsneverneeded___3___.Theboyspolishedthemwiththeirspoonsuntilthey___4___.Afterthreemonthsofthisslowstarvation,oneoftheboystoldtheothersthatsohungrywashe___5___onenighthemighteatthe___6___sleepingnexttohim.Hehadawild___7___eye,andtheotherboys___8___him.Afteralong___9___,theydecidedthatoneofthemshouldaskformorefoodaftersupperthatevening,andOliverwas___10___.Theeveningarrived;thesoupwasserved,andthebowlswere____11____againinafewseconds.Oliverwentuptothemaster,withhisbowlinhishand.Hefeltvery___12___,butalso___13___withhunger.“Please,sir,Iwantsomemore.”Themasterwasafat,healthyman,butheturnedverypale.Helookedatthelittleboyinfrontofhimwith___14___.Nobodyelsespoke.“What?”heaskedatlast,ina___15___voice.“Please,sir,”repliedOliver,“Iwantsomemore.”Themaster___16___himwiththeservingspoon,thenseizedOliver’sarmsand___17___forthebeadle(執(zhí)事).Thebeadlecamequickly,heardtheterriblenews,andimmediatelyrantotelltheboard.“Heaskedforme?”MrLimbkins,thefattestboardmember,askedin___18___.“Isthisreallytrue?”___19___,Oliverwasledawaytobelockedup,anda(n)___20___offivepoundswasofferedtoanybodywhowouldtakehimawayandusehimforwork.語篇解讀：本文是英國作家狄更斯于1838年出版的長篇寫實小說《霧都孤兒》的一部分，文章描述了主人公奧利弗在孤兒院的悲慘經(jīng)歷。1.A.belongedto B.accountedfor C.consistedof D.turnedto【答案】C2.A.everything B.anything C.nothing D.something【答案】A【解析】A.everything所有東西；B.anything任何東西；C.nothing沒有東西；D.something某樣東西。句意：孩子們把碗里的東西吃得一干二凈，還是饑腸轆轆。男孩子們把所有食物吃完，故選A。3.A.cleaning B.buying C.changing D.washing【答案】D【解析】A.cleaning清潔；B.buying買；C.changing改變；D.washing洗。聯(lián)系下句Theboyspolishedthemwiththeirspoons(孩子們用勺子把碗刮得锃亮)，可知“碗從不需要刷洗”，故選D。4.A.finished B.shone C.slept D.starved【答案】B【解析】A.finished完成；B.shone閃亮；C.slept睡覺；D.starved饑餓。句意：孩子們用勺子把碗刮得锃亮。根據(jù)句意可知選B。學*科網(wǎng)5.A.that B.until C.when D.before【答案】A【解析】句意：這樣緩慢的挨餓持續(xù)了三個月后，一天，一個男孩跟別的男孩子說他太餓了，沒準哪天晚上他會吃了睡在他邊上的人。本題考查固定結構so…that…如此……以至于。故選A。6.A.master B.boy C.bowls D.spoons【答案】B【解析】A.master主人；B.boy男孩；C.bowls碗；D.spoons勺子。這里的意思是一個男孩跟別的男孩子說他太餓了，沒準哪天晚上他會吃了睡在他邊上的男孩。故選B。7.A.big B.angry C.hungry D.bad【答案】C8.A.believed B.hated C.feared D.trusted【答案】A【解析】A.believed相信，認為；B.hated討厭；C.feared害怕；D.trusted信任。句意：他那饑餓得發(fā)狂的眼神，讓別的男孩相信了他的話。故選A。9.A.quarrel B.bargain C.argument D.discussion【答案】D【解析】A.quarrel爭吵；B.bargain討價還價，便宜貨；C.argument爭論；D.discussion討論。句意：經(jīng)過長時間的商量，他們決定必須有一個人在當天晚飯后，去請求多給點兒吃的。根據(jù)句意可知選D。10.A.chosen B.determined C.elected D.recognized【答案】A【解析】A.chosen選擇；B.determined決定；C.elected選舉；D.recognized識別，辨認。聯(lián)系下文，奧利弗去向主人要吃的，可知他被選中了。故選A。11.A.available B.empty C.blank D.broken【答案】B【解析】A.available可用的；B.empty空的；C.blank空白的；D.broken壞了的。句意：天黑了，開晚飯后，沒有幾秒鐘，孩子們的碗就又一干二凈了。故選B。12.A.frightened B.shy C.brave D.worried【答案】A【解析】A.frightened害怕的；B.shy害羞的；C.brave勇敢的；D.worried擔心的。奧利弗站了起來，手里捧著碗，心驚膽戰(zhàn)地朝管事的走了過去。根據(jù)語境可知選A。13.A.pleased B.hopeful C.exhausted D.desperate【答案】D【解析】A.pleased高興的；B.hopeful懷有希望的；C.exhausted疲憊的；D.desperate絕望的，鋌而走險的，孤注一擲的。因為極度饑餓，即使害怕也要鋌而走險。故選D。14.A.amusement B.amazement C.intension D.appreciation【答案】B15.A.calm B.clear C.faint D.cautions【答案】C【解析】A.calm鎮(zhèn)靜的；B.clear清楚的；C.faint無力的，微弱的，無勇氣的；D.cautions小心的，謹慎的。句意：“什么？”他最后用無力的聲音問道。聯(lián)系四個選項，用faint最恰當。故選C。16.A.treated B.greeted C.hit D.warned【答案】C【解析】A.treated對待，治療；B.greeted問候；C.hit打；D.warned警示，警告。聯(lián)系下句thenseizedOliver’sarms可知管事的用盛粥的勺子向奧利弗打去。故選C。17.A.sent B.shouted C.asked D.begged【答案】B【解析】A.sent派遣，派送；B.shouted呼喊；C.asked問；D.begged祈求。下句執(zhí)事立刻來了，可知管事的大聲呼喊執(zhí)事。故選B。18.A.curiosity B.frustration C.sadness D.horror【答案】D19.A.Therefore B.However C.Besides D.Eventually【答案】D【解析】A.Therefore因此；B.However但是，然而；C.Besides另外；D.Eventually最終。句意：最后，奧利弗被帶走，鎖在一間屋子里。根據(jù)句意可知選D。20.A.punishment B.reward C.award D.bonus【答案】B【解析】A.punishment懲罰；B.reward報酬，獎賞；C.award獎品，裁定；D.bonus紅利，獎金，額外津貼。句意：5英鎊的獎勵給任何把這孩子領去干活的人。故選B。三、任務型閱讀(請認真閱讀下面短文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填上一個最恰當?shù)脑~)Whenit’sNotQuiteaWonderfulLifeA2011studybyresearchersmightmakeyouthinktwiceaboutholidaydifficultemotions.Theyfolloweddozensofbusdriversfortwoweeks,lookingtoseewhentheyflashedfakeversussinceresmilesattheirpassengers.Theresultsshowedthatondayswhenthedriverstriedtoputonanactandpretendtobeinagoodmood,theiractualmoodsgotworse.Thiswasespeciallytrueforwomen.Andanotherresearchsuggeststhatpeoplewhoreallywanttobehappyactuallyobtainlesshappinessfrompositiveexperiences,apparentlybecausetheirexpectationsaretoohigh.Againandagain,tryingtogainhappinessdespitenopreferenceseemstohavetheoppositeresult.Theresultsofthebus-driverstudycanbeexplainedbyresearchersOliverJohnandJamesGross,whofoundthatnegativefeelingslikesadnessorangeronlyintensifywhenwetrytosuppress(壓制)them.That’sbecausewefeelbadaboutourselveswhenouroutwardappearancecontradictshowwetrulyfeelinside.What’smore,whenwesuppressemotionslikesadness,wedenythemtheimportantfunctiontheyserve.Ifwedon’trecognizesadnesswemightnottakethenecessarystepstoimprovethesituation.Expressingoursadnesscanalsogetcomfortandcompassionfromthosewhocareaboutus,strengtheningourbonds.Recently,scientistshavealsobeenpayingspecialattentiontothebenefitsofmindfulness.Whenyourespondmindfullytoanemotionaltrigger(誘因),youpauseratherthanreacting,andthenyoucanescapegettingtroubledbythoughtfulness.Ratherthanscoldyourself,yousimplynoticewhatyou’refeelingwithoutjudgingthatresponseasrightorwrong.Studiessuggestthatamindfulresponsetoanegativeeventreducestheamountofsadnessweexperience,isassociatedwithlessdepressionandanxiety,andmayevencarryphysiologicalbenefits,suchasloweringourheartrates.Unavoidably,theholidayswillbringamixofhighsandlows.Perhapsthemostimportantlessontokeepinmindisthatthisvarietyofemotionsmightbethebestthingpossibleforyouroverallwell-being.Thatwasthekeyinsightfromastudypublishedin2014byateamofresearchersfromYaleUniversity.Theirsurveyofmorethan37,000peoplefoundthat,afterexperiencingagreatervarietyandabundanceofemotionsconsistentlylinkedtolowerdepression,peopletooklessmedication,visiteddoctorslessfrequently,spentfewerdaysinhospitals,practicedbetterdietaryandexercisehabits,andsmokedless.Inotherwords,sadness,anger,andotherdifficultemotionsarelikesomanyotherpartsoftheholidays,they’renothingtofear.Justmakesureyou’rebalancingthemwithlighterexperiences.Whenit’sNotQuiteaWonderfulLifeMainContentDetailedinformationResearchfindingsaboutnegativefeelings●Astudyonbusdriversshowspretendingtobeinagoodmoodleadstoan1______result.●Anotherresearchsuggeststhe2______expectationswehave,thelesshappinessweobtain.●Twootherresearchersfoundsuppressingnegativefeelingsonlyintensifythem,duetothe3______betweenoutwardappearanceandinwardfeelings.●Ifwe4______thefunctionnegativefeelingsserve,wewon’trecognizethemortakemeasurestoimprovethesituation.●Expressingnegativefeelingsmakesusfeelcomfortedandsympathized,thusbettersourrelationship.A5______todealingwithnegativefeelings:amindfulresponsetothemThe6_______ofmindfulness:●Whenwerespondmindfullytoanemotionaltrigger,wepauseratherthanreacting.●Wesimplynoticewhatwe’refeelingwithoutjudgingthatresponseasrightorwrong,insteadof7______ourselves.Thebenefitsofmindfulness:●It8______usfromtrouble.●Itreducestheamountofsadness,depressionandanxiety.●Itbringsinphysiologicalbenefits,suchasloweringourheartrates.Acorrectattitudetowardsnegativefeelings●Astudypublishedin2014foundexperiencingvariousemotionsresultsinlessmedication,fewer