上海市-2021年-高考英語(yǔ)真題(附答案聽(tīng)力mp3)-歷年歷屆試題(解析)

18/18上海市_2021年_高考英語(yǔ)真題(附答案聽(tīng)力mp3)_歷年歷屆試題(解析)2009年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一

考試（上海卷）

英語(yǔ)

考生注意：

1.本試卷分為第Ⅰ卷（第1-12頁(yè)）和第Ⅱ卷（第13頁(yè)）兩部分。全卷共13頁(yè)。滿分150分?？荚嚂r(shí)間120分鐘。

2.答第Ⅰ卷前，考生務(wù)必在答題卡和答題紙上用鋼筆或圓珠筆清楚填寫(xiě)姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)、校驗(yàn)碼，并用鉛筆在答題卡上正確涂寫(xiě)準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)和校驗(yàn)碼。

3.第Ⅰ卷（1-16小題，25-84小題）由機(jī)器閱卷，答案必須全部涂寫(xiě)在答題卡上?？忌鷳?yīng)將代表正確的小方格用鉛筆涂黑。注意試題題號(hào)和答題卡編號(hào)一一對(duì)應(yīng)，不能錯(cuò)位。答案需要更改時(shí)，必須將原選項(xiàng)用橡皮擦去，重新選擇。答案不能涂寫(xiě)在試卷上，涂寫(xiě)在試卷上一律不給分。第Ⅰ卷中的第17-24小題和第Ⅱ卷的試題，其答案用鋼筆或圓珠筆寫(xiě)在答題紙上，如用鉛筆答題，或?qū)懺谠嚲砩弦惨宦刹唤o分。

第Ⅰ卷（共105分）

Ⅰ.ListeningComprehension

SectionA

Direction:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionsaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.

1.A.GototheofficeB.Keepcalling

C.Tryonlinebooking

D.Seeadoctor

2.A.AreporterB.Anathlete

C.Afisherman

D.Anorganizer

3.A.Atapostoffice.B.Atafast-foodrestaurant.

C.Atabookingoffice.

D.Atacheck-indesk.

4.A.Healreadyhasplans.

B.Thewomanshoulddecidewheretoeat.

C.Hewillmakeareservation.

D.Thewomancanaskherbrotherforadvice.

5.A.Hegotwetintherain

B.Theshowerwasoutoforder

C.Hedidn?thearthephoneringing

D.Hegotoutoftheshowertoanswerthephone.

6.A.Reasonable.B.Bright.C.SeriousD.Ridiculous.

7.A.Sendleaflets.B.Gosightseeing.

C.Dosomegardening.

D.Visitalawyer.

8.A.Herdoorbelldoesn?tneedrepair.

B.Shedidn?texpecthimtocomesoearly.

9.A.Shewon?tgotothebeachifitrains.

B.Shewouldlikethemantogettothebeach.

C.Itwillclearuptomorrow.

D.Itwaspouringwhenshewasatthebeach.

10.A.Whattotakeupasahobby.B.Howtokeepfit.

C.Howtohandlepressure.

D.Whattoplaywith.

SectionB

Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassages,andyouwillbeaskedthreequestionsoneachofthepassages.Thepassageswillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.

Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

11.A.Herschoolwasinasmallvillage.

B.Shewasoutstandingatschool.

C.ShewastheonlyAsiangirlthere.

D.HerparentswereinLondon.

12.A.London.B.Bath.C.Swindon.D.Oxford.

13.A.Comingacrossaradioproducer.B.Takinganearliertrain.

C.Meetingaprofessionalartist.

D.Wearingtowoddshoes.

Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingspeech.

14.A.Educationchildren.B.Savingrareanimals.

C.Recreatinganenvironment.

D.Makingaprofit.

15.A.Animalsmakevisitorsstressful.

B.Animalsmustlivetheirlivesincages.

C.Animalscanfeelboredandsad.

D.Animalsareindangerofextinction.

16.A.Theyarestillusefulandnecessary.

B.Theyhavemoredisadvantagesthenadvantages.

C.Theyareaperfectenvironmentforanimals.

D.Theyarerecreativeplacesforanimals.

SectionC

Directions:InSectionC,youwillheartwolongerconversations.Theconversationswillbereadtwice.Afteryouheareachconversation,youarerequiredtofillinthenumberedblankswiththeinformationyouhaveheard.Writeyouranswersonyouranswersheet.

Blanks17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversations.

Blanks21through24arebasedonthefollowingconversation.

Ⅱ.GrammarandVocabulary

SectionA

Directions:BeneatheachofthefollowingsentencestherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheoneanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.

25.FourChinesemodelswere______the14peopleawardedprizesonFridayattheWorldSupermodelCompetition.

A.among

B.between

C.along

D.beside

26.－Wow!You?vegotsomanyclothes.

－But_____ofthemareinfashionnow.

A.all

B.both

C.neither

D.none

27.It_____havebeenTomthatparkedthecarhere,asheistheonlyonewithacar.

A.may

B.can

C.must

D.should

28.TheGreatWallis____touristattractionthatmillionsofpeoplepourineveryyear.

A.soawell-known

B.asowell-known

C.suchwell-known

D.suchawell-known

29.Marywenttotheboxofficeatlunchtime,butallthetickets____out.

A.wouldsell

B.hadsold

C.havesold

D.wasselling

30.Sally?sneverseenaplayintheShanghaiGrandTheatre,_______?

A.hasn?tshe

B.hasshe

C.isn?tshe

D.isshe

31.Asmallplanecrashedintoahillsidefivemileseastofthecity,_____allfourpeopleonboard.

A.killed

B.killing

C.kills

D.tokill

32.Youcan?tborrowbooksfromtheschoollibrary______yougetyourstudentcard.

A.before

B.if

C.while

D.as

33.Withthegovernment?said,those_____bytheearthquakehavemovedtothenewsettlements.

A.affect

B.affecting

C.affected

D.wereaffected

34.Mozart?sbirthplaceandthehouse______hecomposed…TheMagicFlute?arebothmuseumsnow

A.where

B.when

C.there

D.which

35.Billsuggested_____ameetingonwhattodofortheShanghaiExpoduringthevacation.

A.havingheld

B.tohold

C.holding

D.hold

36.Duringtheperiodofrecentterroristactivities,people_____nottotouchandunattendedbag.

A.hadalwaysbeenwarned

B.werealwaysbeingwarned

C.arealwayswarning

D.alwayswarned

37.Itisimmediatelyclear____thefinancialcrisiswillsoonbeover.

A.since

B.what

C.when

D.whether

38.Hearingthedogbarkingfiercely,away_____.

A.fleeingthethief

B.wasfleeingthethief

C.thethiefwasfleeing

D.fledthethief

39.Davidthreatenedhisneighbourtothepoliceifthedamageswerenotpaid.

A.tobereported

B.reporting

C.toreport

D.havingreported

40.Asanewdiplomat,heoftenthinksofhecanreactmoreappropriatelyonsuchoccasions.

A.what

B.which

C.that

D.how

SectionB

Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

Ifthepackagelookspretty,peoplewillbuyjustaboutanything.SosaysanadvertisingexecutiveinNewYork,andhehasprovedhispointbysellingboxesofrubbishforthepriceofanexpensivebottleofwine.

JustinGignac,26,hassoldalmost90041presentedplasticboxesofrubbishfromthestreetofBigAppleatbetween＄50and＄100each.Buyersfrom19countrieshavepaidforthesouvenirs（紀(jì)念品）.Theideahasbeensosuccessfulthatheisthinkingofpromotingitaroundtheworld.

ItallbeganwhenMrGignacwasatasummerworkshop,“Wehadadiscussionabouttheimportanceof42,”herecalls.”Someonesaidpackagingwasunimportant.Idisagreed.Theonlywaytoproveitwasbysellingsomethingnobodywouldeverwant.”

HesearchesthestreetsofManhattanandtypical43includebrokenglass,subwaytickets,Starbuckscupsandused44forks.“Specialeditions”areofferedatahighprice.Hecharged＄100forrubbishfromtheopeningdayoftheNewYorkYankees?stadium.

MrGignacdenies45hiscustomersforfools:“Theyknowwhatthey?regetting.Theyappreciatethefactthatthey?retakingsomethingnobodywouldwantandfindingbeautyinit.”

Some46customersincludepeoplewhousedtoliveinthecityandwantadown-to-earthsouvenir.Heclaimshehasevensoldtoartcollectors.

Realizingthattheconceptappearstobearealmoney-maker,MrGignachas47acompanyandisemployinghisgirlfriendasvicepresident.He48todiscusshisprofitmargins:“It?sactuallyquitealotofeffortputtingthemtogether-butyes,garbageisfree.”

MrGignacisconsideringmorevarietiesofsouvenirs.Hemaintainsthathehassigned49withpeopleinterestedinsimilarprojectsfromasfarasBerlinandLondon.

Ⅲ.ReadingComprehension

SectionA

Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

Mostpeoplebelievetheydon?thavemuchimagination.Theyare50.Everyonehasimagination,butmostofus,oncewebecomeadults,forgethowto51it.Creativityisn?talways52withgreatworksofartorideas.Peopleatworkandintheirfreetime53thinkofcreativewaystosolveproblems.Maybeyouhaveagoaltoachieve,atrickyquestiontoansweroryoujustwanttoexpandyourmind!Herearethreetechniquestohelpyou.

MakingconnectionsThistechniqueinvolvestaking54ideasandtryingtofindlinksbetweenthem.First,thinkabouttheproblemyouhavetosolveorthejobyouneedtodo.Thenfindanimage,word,ideaorobject,forexample,acandle.Writedownalltheidea/words55withcandles:light,fire,matches,wax,night,silence,etc.Thinkofasmanyasyoucan.Thenextstageistorelatethe56tothejobyouhavetodo.Soimagineyouwanttobuyafriendanoriginal57;youcouldbuyhimticketstomatchortakehimoutforthenight.

NOlimits!Imaginethatnormallimitationsdon?t58.Youhaveasmuchtime/space/money,etc.asyouwant.Thinkaboutyourgoalandthenew59.Ifyourgoalistolearntoski,60,youcannowpractiseskiingeverydayofyourlife（becauseyouhavethetimeandthemoney）.Now61thistoreality.MaybeyoucanpractiseskiingeverdayinDecember,oreveryMondayinJanuary.

Besomeoneelse!Lookatthesituationfroma62pointofview.Goodbusinessmenusethistechniqueintrade,andsodowrites.Fictionwritersoftenimaginetheyarethe63intheirbooks.Theyaskquestion:Whatdoesthischaracterwant?Whycan?tshegetit?Whatchangesmustshemaketogetwhatshewants?Ifyourgoalinvolvesotherpeople,putyourselfintheir64.Thebestfishermenthinklikefish!

50.A.wrongB.unbelievableC.reasonableD.realistic

51.A.putupwithB.catchupwithC.makeuseofD.keeptrackof

52.A.equippedB.comparedC.coveredD.connected

53.A.skillfullyB.routinelyC.vividlyD.deeply

54.A.familiarB.unrelatedC.creativeD.imaginary

55.A.presentedB.markedC.litD.associated

56.A.ideasB.ambitionsC.achievementD.technique

57.A.experienceB.serviceC.presentD.object

58.A.workB.lastC.existD.change

59.A.possibilitiesB.limitationsC.tendencyD.practice

60.A.infactB.inparticularC.asawholeD.forexample

61.A.devoteB.adaptC.leadD.keep

62.A.privateB.globalC.differentD.practical

63.A.featuresB.themesC.creaturesD.characters

64.A.positionsB.dreamsC.imagesD.directions

SectionB

Directions：Readthefollowingfourpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.

（A）

EvenatschooltherehadbeenanunhealthycompetitionbetweenGeorgeandRichard.

“I?llbethefirstmillionaireinColeford!”Richardusedtoboast.

“Andyou?llbesorryyouknewme,”Georgewouldreply“becauseI?llbethebestlawyerintown!”

GeorgeneverdidbecomealawyerandRichardnevermadeanymoney.InsteadbothmenopenedbookshopsonoppositesidesofColefordHighStreet.Itwashardtomakemoneyfrombooks,whichmadethecompetitionbetweenthemworse.

Nowwithonlyonebookshopintown,businesswasbetterforGeorge.Butsometimeshesatinhisnarrow,oldkitchenandgazedoutofthedirtywindow,thinkingabouthisformerrival（競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手）。Perhapshemissedhim?

Georgewasveryinterestedinolddictionaries,He?drecentlyfoundacollectorinAustraliawhowassellingararefirstedition.Whentheparcelarrived,thebookwasinperfectconditionandGeorgewasdelighted.Butwhilehewashavinglunch,Georgeglancedatthephotointhenewspaperthatthebookhadbeenwrappedin.Hewasastonished—thesmilingfacewasolderthanhe

rememberedbutunmistakable!Trembling,Georgestartedreading.

“BookendshaveboughttenbookstoresfromtheirrivalsDylans.Thecompany,ownedbymulti-millionaireRichardPike,isnowthelargestbooksellerinAustralia.”

65.GeorgeandRivhardwereatschool.

A.roommates

B.goodfriends

C.competitors

D.booksellers

66.HowdidGeorgefeelaboutRichardafterhisdisappearance?

A.HeenviedRichard?smarriage.

B.HethoughtofRichardfromtimetotime.

C.Hefeltluckywithnorivalintown.

D.HewasguiltyofRichard?sdeath.

67.GeorgegotinformationaboutRichardfrom.

A.adictionarycollectorinAustralia

B.thelatter?srivalsDylans

C.ararefirsteditionofadictionary

D.thewrappingpaperofabook

68.WhathappenedtoGeorgeandRichardintheend?

A.BothGeorgeandRichardbecamemillionaires.

B.Bothofthemrealizedtheiroriginalambitions.

C.GeorgeestablishedasuccessfulbusinesswhiteRichardwasmissing.

D.RichardbecameamillionairewhileGeorgehadnogreatsuccess.

（B）

Horse-drawnsleighridesDogsleddingSnowmobiling

WelcometoBanff,Canada?sfirst,mostfamousandarguablymostfascinatingnationalpark.If

you?vecometoskiorsnowboard,we?llseeyouontheslopes.Skiingisalocalfavouritetoo.

Whileyou?rehere,tryotherrecreationalactivitiesavailableinourmountains.PopularchoicesincludeaBanffGondolarideupSulphurMountain,batheinthenaturalmineralwatersattheUpperHotSpring,horse-drawnsleighride,drive-your-own-teamdogsledexcursion,andsnowmobiletourtothehighland（butnotinthenationalpark）.

Wealsorecommendyoumaketimetoenjoysimplepleasures.AfterlookingaroundBanffAveshops,walkacoupleofblockswestorsouthtothescenicBowRiver.

TrueiceskatingonfrozenLakeLouisewhereIceMagicInternationalIceSculptureCompetitionWorksaredisplayedafterJan25.YoucanrentskatesinBanfforatthesportshopintheFairmontChateauLakeLouisehotel.

Banff?sbackcountrypathsaccessawildernessworldofsilenceandmatchlessbeauty—crosscountryskisandsnowshoesprovidethemeans.Banffsportshopsrentequipmentandclothes,orjoinanorganizedtour.Althoughwe?vebeenmanytimes,westillfindthecliffsandicefallsofourfrozencanyonsworthvisiting.

Wildlifewatchingalsocreatessatisfyingmemories.Wehaveseenhundredsoftheelkandbighornsheepthatattractvisitors,yettheystillarouseasenseofwonder.Andtherarespottingofacougar,wolforwoodlandcariboutakesourbreathaway.

SeeifsimplepleasureworkforyourFightinthesnowwithyourkids,walkbesideastreamorclimbtoahighplaceandadmiretheview.

—BanffResortGuideEditors

69.Accordingtothepassage,Banff?sbackcountryisaccessibleby.

A.crosscountryskiingB,horse-drawnsleighriding

C.snowmobiling

D.dogsledding

70.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Dogsleddingisthemostpopularsportamonglocalpeople.

B.Watchingwildlifeisamemorableexperience.

C.Travelersshouldbringtheirownsportsequipment.

D.Shoppingistoosimpleapleasuretoenjoy.

71.Thepurposeofthewritingisto_______.

A.promotescenicspotsinCanada

B.advertiseforthesportsinBanff

C.introducetouristactivitiesinBanff

D.describebreathtakingviewsinBanff

（C）

“Getyourhandsoffme,Ihavebeenstolen,”thelaptop,aportablecomputer,shouted.Thatisanewsolutiontolaptopcomputertheft:aprogramthatletsownersgivetheirpropertyavoicewhenithasbeentaken.

Theprogramallowsuserstodisplayalertsonthemissingcomputer?sscreenandeventosetaspokenmessage.Trackingsoftwareforstolenlaptopshasbeenonthemarketforsometime,butthisisthoughttobethefirstthatallowsownerstogivethethiefapieceoftheirmind.

Ownersmustreporttheirlaptopmissingbyvisitingawebsite,whichsendsamessagetothemodel:aredandyellow“l(fā)ostorstolen”signappearsonitsscreenwhenitisstarted.Underthelatestversion（版本）ofthesoftware,userscanalsosendaspokenmessage.

Themessagecanbesettoreappearevery30seconds,nomatterhowmanytimesthethiefclosesit.”O(jiān)necustomersentamessagesaying,?Youarebeingtracked.Iamrightatyourdoor?,”saidCarrieHafeman,chiefexecutiveofthecompanywhichproducestheprogram,Retriever.

Inthelatestversion,peoplecanaddaspokenmessage.Forexample,thelaptop?sspeakerswillsay:“Help,thislaptopisreportedlostorstolen.Ifyouarenotmyowner,reportmenow.”

TheRetrieversoftwarepackage,whichcosts$29.95buthasafreetrialperiod,hasthefunctionsofmanysecuritysoftwareprograms.Ownerscanremotelyswitchtoanalternativepasswordiftheyfearthatthethiefhasalsogotholdoftheaccessdetails.

Ifathiefaccessestheinternetwiththestolenlaptop,Retrieverwillcollectinformationontheinternetserviceproviderinuse,sothatthepolicecanbealertedtoitslocation.

Thousandsoflaptopsarestoleneveryyearformhomesandoffices,butwiththeuseoflaptopsincreasing,thenumberstolenwhiletheirownersareoutandabouthasbeenrisingsharply.

Othersecuritysoftwareallowsuserstoerasedataremotelyorlockdownthecomputer.

72.Theexpression“togivethethiefapieceoftheirmind“canbeunderstoodas“_______”

A.togivethethiefanalertmind

B.toexpresstheowners?angertothethief

C.toremindthethiefofthisconscience

D.tomakethethiefgiveuphismind

73.Differentfromothersecuritysoftware,Retrievercan.

A.recordthestealingprocess

B.helprecognizethelostlaptop

C.lockdownthecomputerremotely

D.sendaspokenmessage

74.Onefunctionoftheprogramisthatitallowstheownertoatadistance.

A.changesomeaccessdetailsforswitchingonthelaptop

B.turnonthelaptopbyusingtheoriginalpassword

C.operatethelaptopbymeansofandalternativepassword

D.erasetheinformationkeptinthestolenlaptop

75.Whichofthefollowingcanbestsummarizethemainideaofthepassage?

A.WithnoRetriever,thousandsoflaptopsarestoleneveryyear.

B.Anewsoftwareprovidesameanstoreducelaptoptheft.

C.Retrieverhashelpedtofindthievesandlostcomputers.

D.Anewprogramoffersacommunicationplatformwiththethief.

（D）

ThelatestresearchsuggeststhatthekeyfactorseparatinggeniusesfromthemerelyaccomplishedisnotI.Q.,agenerallybadpredictorofsuccess.Instead,it?spurposefulpractice.Topperformersspendmorehourspractisingtheircraft.Ityouwantedtopicturehowatypicalgeniusmightdevelop,you?dtakeagirlwhopossessedaslightlyaboveaveragelanguageability.Itwouldn?thavetobeabigtalent,justenoughsothatshemightgainsomesenseofdistinction.Thenyouwouldwanthertomeet,say,anovelist,whocoincidentallysharedsomesimilarqualities.Maybethewriterwasfromthesametown,hadthesamefamilybackground,orsharedthesamebirthday.

Thiscontactwouldgivethegirlavisionofherfutureself.Itwouldhivehersomeideaofafascinatingcirclewhomightsomedayjoin.Itwouldalsohelpifoneofherparentsdiedwhenshewas12,givingherastrongsenseofinsecurityandfuellingadesperateneedforsuccess.Armedwiththisambition,shewouldreadnovelsandlifestoriesofwriterswithoutend.Thiswouldgiveheraprimaryknowledgeofherfield.She?sbeabletoseenewwritingindeeperwaysandquicklyunderstanditsinnerworkings.

Thenshewouldpractisewriting.Herpracticewouldbeslow,painstakinganderror-focused.Bypractisinginthisway,hedelaystheautomatizingprocess.Hermindwantstoturnconscious,newlylearnedskillsintounconscious.Automaticallyperformedskills.Bypractisingslowly,bybreakingskillsdownintotinypartsandrepeating,sheforcesthebraintointernalizeabetterpatternofperformance.Thenshewouldfindanadviserwhowouldprovideaconstantstreamoffeedback,viewingherperformanceformtheoutside,correctingthesmallesterrors,pushinghertotakeontougherchallenges.Bynowsheisredoingproblems—howdoIgetcharactersintoaroom—dozensanddozensoftimes.Sheisestablishinghabitsofthoughtshecancalluponinordertounderstandorsolvefutureproblems.

Theprimaryqualityouryoungwriterpossessesisnotsomemysteriousgenius.It?stheabilitytodevelopapurposeful,laboriousandboringpracticeroutine;thelatestresearchtakessomeofthemagicoutofgreatachievement.Butitunderlinesafactthatisoftenneglected.Publicdiscussionisaffectedbygeneticsandwhatwe?re“hard-wired”todo.Andit?struethatgenesplayaroleinourcapabilities.Butthebrainisalsoveryplastic.Weconstructourselvesthroughbehaviour.

76.Thepassagemainlydealswith.

A.thefunctionofI.Q.incultivatingawriter

B.therelationshipbetweengeniusandsuccess

C.thedecisivefactorinmakingagenius

D.thewayofgainingsomesenseofdistinction

77.Byreadingnovelsandwriters?stories,thegirlcould.

A.cometounderstandtheinnerstructureofwriting

B.joinafascinatingcircleofwriterssomeday

C.sharewithanovelistherlikesanddislikes

D.learnfromthelivingexamplestoestablishasenseofsecurity

78.Inthegirl?slongpainstakingtrainingprocess,________.

A.heradviserformsaprimarychallengingforcetohersuccess.

B.herwritingturnsintoanautomaticpatternofperformance

C.sheacquiresthemagicofsomegreatachievement

D.shecomestorealizesheis“hard-wired”towrite

79.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthepassage?

A.Afuellingambitionplaysaleadingroleinone?ssuccess

B.Aresponsibleadviserismoreimportantthantheknowledgeofwriting.

C.Astothegrowthofagenius,I.Q.Doesn?tmatter,butjusthis/hereffort.

D.Whatreallymattersiswhatyoudoratherthenwhoyouare.

SectionC

Directions:ReadthefollowingtextandchoosethemostsuitableheadingfromA-Fforeachparagraph.Thereisoneextraheadingwhichyoudonotneed.

80.You?reprobablymostfamiliarwithcollegedictionaries,oftencalledabridgeddictionaries.Althoughabridgedmeans“shortened”,thesedictionariescontainmorethan150.000entriesandprovidedetaileddefinitionsthataresufficientformostcollegestudentsandgeneralusers.Collegedictionariesalsocontainseparatelistsofabbreviations.Biographicalandgeographicalnames,

foreignwordsand

phrases.Andtables

ofmeasures.Webster’sⅡNewRiversideUniversityDictionaryandtheAmericanHeritageDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguagearecollegedictionaries.

81.unabridgeddictionariescontainasmanyas500,000entriesandprovidedetaileddefinitionsandextensivewordhistories（etymologies）.Thesedictionaries,possiblyinseveralvolumesandmostlyfoundinlibraries,areexcellentsourcesforscholarlyinquiries.UnabridgeddictionariesincludetheOxfordEnglishDictionaryandtheRandomHouseDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguage.

82.Adictionaryentryhasmanyelements:multipledefinitions,syllabication,preferredspellingand

pronunciation（somewordhavemorethanoneacceptablespellingandpronunciation）,andpart-of-speechlabels.Someentriesalsoincludepluralsandcapitalizedforms.Synonyms,antonyms,andderivatives.Americanismsandetymologiesmaybeprovidealongwithusagenotes,cross-references,andidioms.

83.Ifyoupreferusingthedictionaryonacomputer,youcanobtainCD-ROMversionsofmanymajordictionaries.Inaddition,youcanaccessnumerousdictionaries,suchasebster’sDictionary,ontheInternet.Onlinedictionariesallowyoutoenterasearchword（youevengethelpwithspelling）toseeadefinition,andsometimesevenanillustration.Onlinedictionariesalsoofferadditionalfeatures,suchaswordgames.Languagetips,andamusingfactsaboutwords.Someonlinedictionaryservicesallowyoutoaccessnumerousdictionaries,bothgeneralandspecialized,inonsearch.

84.Specializeddictionariesprovidein-depthinformationaboutacertainfield.Forexampletherearedictionariesforthespecializedvocabulariesoflaw,computertechnology,andmedicine.Inaddition,therearedictionariesofsynonyms,clichés,slang,andevenregionalexpressions.SuchastheDictionaryofAmericanRegionalEnglish（DARE）.Therearealsodictionariesofforeignlanguages,famouspeople?snames,literarycharacters?namesandplacenames.

第II卷（共45分）

I．Translation

Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrakes.

1.網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動(dòng)在上海越來(lái)越流行了。（popular）

2.我認(rèn)為你們的建議和他們的一樣有價(jià)值。（as…as）

3.只喝一杯咖啡就會(huì)使我整晚睡不著。（keep）

4.為了紀(jì)念那些勇敢的消防戰(zhàn)士，一部電影即將開(kāi)拍。（memory）

5.過(guò)了三天她才想起把雨衣忘在語(yǔ)言實(shí)驗(yàn)室了。（remember）

6.盡管山高林密，醫(yī)護(hù)人員還是迅速地趕到出事地點(diǎn)，試試救援。（despite）

II．GuidedWriting

Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.

某海外學(xué)校舉辦英語(yǔ)夏令營(yíng)，開(kāi)設(shè)了如下課程：園藝（gardening），烹飪（cooking）,防身術(shù)（self-defence），護(hù)理（nursing）。假如你是王躍華（不可以用自己的真實(shí)姓名），寫(xiě)一封申請(qǐng)信，報(bào)名參加其中一門(mén)課程的學(xué)習(xí)。信的內(nèi)容必須包括：

你感興趣的課程

你期望從這門(mén)課程中學(xué)到什么

為什么想學(xué)這些內(nèi)容

【參考答案】

1.C

2.B

3.A

4.B

5.D

6.D

7.B

8.D

9.A10.C11.C12.B13.A14.B15.C16.A

17.Fourteen/1418.downtown19.personal20.Cash

21.mixed22.moreself-