超清大鼠的解剖圖譜

13/13[超清]大鼠的解剖圖譜

圖Ⅷ-1整體骨骼側面觀

Theskeleton.LateralView

圖Ⅷ-2整體骨骼左前面觀Theskeleton.Leftanteriorview

1肋骨rib

2胸椎thoracicvertebra

3頸椎cervicalvertebra

4顱骨cranium

5肩胛骨scapula

6肱骨hiimeius

7橈骨radius

8尺骨ulna

9掌骨metacarpalbone

10指骨digitalbone

11腰椎lumbarvertebra

12髂骨ilium

13尾骨coccyx

14股骨femur

15髕骨patella

16腓骨fubula

17脛骨tibia

18跖骨metatarsalbone

19趾骨digitalbone

圖Ⅷ-4頭骨側面

Theskull.Lateralaspect

1枕骨occipitalbone

2頂間骨interparietalbone

3矢狀縫sagittalsuture

4顴骨malarbone

5上頜骨maxillarybone

6前頜骨premaxillarybone

7枕外嵴externaloccipitalcreat

8頂骨parietalbone

9額骨frontalbone

10鼻骨nasalbone

11鼻間縫internasalsuture

12前篩孔preethmoidpore

13蝶腭孔sphenopalatineforamen

14門齒incisortooth

15下頜骨mandible

16視神經孔opticforamen

17枕骨occipitalbone

18莖突styloidprocess

19外耳道externalacousticmeatus

20顳骨temporalbone

圖Ⅷ-6下頜骨側面

Themandible.Lateralaspect

4顴骨malarbone

5上頜骨maxillarybone

6前頜骨premaxillarybone

14門齒incisortooth

17枕骨occipitalbone

19外耳道externalacousticmeatus

21腭裂patoschisis

22臼齒molartooth

23腭骨palatinebone

24翼孔pterygoidapertures

25破裂孔foramenlacerum

26枕大孔foramenmagnum

27腭后孔posteriorpalatineforamen

28鼻后孔posteriornasalapertures

29卵圓孔foramenovale

30鼓骨tympanicbone

31舌下神經孔hypoglossalforamen

32下頜聯(lián)合mandibularsymphysis

33頦孔mentalforamen

34冠狀突coronoidprocess

35下頜支ramusofmandible

36角狀突processofhorn

37下頜孔mandibularforamen

38翼肌窩pterygoidfossa

39髁突condylarprocess

圖Ⅷ-7頸椎與胸椎背面Thecervical圖Ⅷ-9前肢骨背面Theboneofvertebraandthoracicvertebra.Dorsalaspectanterior1imb.Dorsalaspect

圖Ⅷ-8前肢骨外側面Theboneofanterior

limb.Lateralaspect

1樞椎axis2第4頸椎4thcervicalvertebra

3第6頸椎6thcervicalvertebra4第1胸椎1stthoracicvertebra

5第4胸椎4ththoracicvertebra6寰椎axis

7第3頸椎3rdcervicalvertebra8第5頸椎5thcervicalvertebra

9第7頸椎7thcervicalvertebra10第3胸椎3rdthoracicvertebra

l1肱骨體shaftofhumcrus12橈骨radius

13尺骨ulna14尺骨莖突styloidprocessofulna

15掌骨metacarpalbone16肱骨頭headofhurnerus

l7肘突cubitalprocess18腕骨carpalbone

19指骨digitalbone

圖Ⅷ-10股骨前面Thefemur.圖Ⅷ-11脛骨與腓骨前面Thetibia

andfibula.Anterioraspect

Anterioraspect

1大轉子greatertrochanter

2股骨頸neckoffemur

3第三轉子thirdtrochanter

4髕骨patella

5股骨頭femoralhead

6小轉子lessertrochanter

7股骨體shaftoffemur

8股骨內側髁medialcondyleoffemur

9外側髁lateralcondyle

10腓骨fibula

11外踝lateralmalleolus

12跗骨tarsalbone

13脛骨內側髁medialcondyleoftibia

14徑骨粗隆tibialtuberosity

15脛骨tibia

I6內踝medialmallcolus

17跖骨metatarsalbone

18斜方肌trapeziusmuscle

19臀淺肌glutoeussuper(icialismuscle

20股直肌rectusfemorismuscle

21腹外斜肌externalobliquemuscleofabdomen22背闊肌latissimusdorsimuscle

23肩斜方肌shoulder-trapeziusmuscle

24大圓肌teresmajormuscle

25肩三角肌shoulder-deltoidmuscle

26前鋸肌serratusanteriormuscle

1鎖骨提肌levatorclaviclemuscle2肩三角肌shoulder-deltoidmuscle3肱三頭肌tricepsbrachiimuscle

4臀淺肌gluteussuferficidlismuscle5股直肌rectusfemorismuscle

6腓腸肌gastrocnemiusmuscle

7夾肌spleniusmuscle8頸菱形肌rhomboideuscervicismuscle

9胸菱形肌rhomboideuspectoralismuscle

10背闊肌latissimusdorsimuscle

11腹外斜肌externalobliquemuscleofabdomen12股二頭肌bicepsfemorismuscle

13半腱肌semitendinosusmuscle

3肱三頭肌tricepsbrachiimuscle

5股直肌rectusfemorismuscle

11腹外斜肌externalobliquemuscleofabdomen13半腱肌semitendinosusmuscle

14二腹肌前腹anteriorbellyofdigastricmuscle15二腹肌后腹posteriorbellyofdigastricmuscle16胸骨舌骨肌sternohyoidmuscle

17肱二頭肌bicepsbrachiimuscle

18腹直肌rectusabdominismuscle

19股動、靜脈femoralarteryandfemoralvein20陰囊scrotum

21咬肌massetermuscle22胸乳突肌sternomastoideusmuscle

23肩三角肌shoulder-deltoidmuscle

24橈側腕伸肌extensorcarpiradialismuscle

25指總伸肌extensordigitorumcommunismuscle26尺側腕伸肌extensorcarpiulnarismuscle

27胸淺肌pectoralsuperficialismuscle

28前鋸肌serratusanteriormuscle

29股內側肌vastusmedialismuscle

30恥骨肌pectineusmuscle

31長收肌adductorlongusmuscle

32股薄肌gracilismuscle

圖Ⅷ-15頭、頸部側面Theheadandneck.Lateralaspect

上靜脈supraorbitalvein

e7頸外靜脈

externaljugularvein

1顳淺動、靜脈superficialtemporalarteryandvein2眶3面橫動、靜脈transversefacialarteryandvein4下頜緣神經marginalmandibularnerv

5面后靜脈posteriorfacialvein6面前靜脈anteriorfacialvein

圖Ⅷ-16口腔（1)Theoralcavity（1）

1顳淺動、靜脈superficialtemporalarteryandvein2眶上靜脈supraorbitalvein

3面橫動、靜脈transversefacialarteryandvein4下頜緣神經marginalmandibularnerve5面后靜脈posteriorfacialvein6面前靜脈anteriorfacialvein

7頸外靜脈externaljugularvein8硬腭褶foldofhardpalate

9臼齒molartooth10門齒incisortooth

11軟腭softpalate12舌根rootoftongue

13舌體bodyoftongue14舌尖apexoftongue

圖Ⅷ-17口腔（

2)Theoralcavity(2)

1喉口apertureoflarynx2舌根rootoftongue3舌尖apexoftongue5軟腭softpalate7臼齒molartooth4硬腭褶foldofhardpalate6會厭epiglottis8舌體bodyoftongue

圖Ⅷ-18腦與脊髓背面Thebrainand圖Ⅷ-19腦與脊髓腹面Thebrainand

spinalcord.DorsalaspectspinalcordVentralaspect

9嗅球olfactorybulb

1l絨球flocculus

13腰膨大lumbarenlargement

10中央縱裂centrallongitudinalfissue

15大腦cerebrum

12頸膨大cervicalenlargement

17脊髓圓錐courtsmedullaris

14外側縱溝laterallongitudinalsulcus

19腦橋pons

16小腦（中央部）cerebellum(centralpart）21嗅束olfactorytract

18腦垂體pituitarygland

23三叉神經trigeminalnerve

20延髓myelencephalon

22視神經opticnerve

圖Ⅷ-20磁共振冠狀面定位像（1)Thescoutviewofcoronalimages（1）

圖Ⅷ-21磁共振冠狀面定位像（2）Thescoutviewofcoronalimages（

2)

1眼球eyeball

2嗅腦rhinencephalon

3大腦皮層cerebralcortex

4大腦鐮cerebralfaix

5鼻旁竇paranasalsinus

6縱裂longitudinalfissure

冠狀面T1加權像，顳頜關節(jié)線圈，

SE序列，層厚3.0mm，無間隔，

TR=500rns，TE=20ms。

掃描方向：從背側向腹側。

圖Ⅷ-22磁共振冠狀面定位像（3）

Thescoutviewofcoronalimages(3)

圖Ⅷ-23磁共振冠狀面定位像（

4)Thescoutviewofcoronalimages(4)

圖Ⅷ-24磁共振冠狀面定位像（

5)Thescoutviewofcoronalimages(5)

1海馬結構hippocampalformation2中腦midbrain3天幕tentorium4額頂葉皮層frontoparietalcortex5顳葉皮層temporalcortexG小腦cerebellum7顳骨lemporalbone8腦橋pons9舌tongue10咬肌massetermuscle11下頜骨mandible12咽pharynx

1二腹肌前腹anteriorbellyofdigastrcmuscle2胸骨舌骨肌sternohyoidmuscle

3胸淺肌pectoralsuferficialismuscle4二腹肌后腹posteriorbellyofdigastricmuscle5咬肌massetermuscle6胸乳突肌stemomastoideusmuscle

1二腹肌前腹anteriorbellyofdigastrcmuscle

4

二腹肌后腹posteriorbellyofdigastricmuscle

5咬肌massetermuscle6胸乳突肌stemomastoideusmuscle7淋巴結lymphnodes8肱二頭肌bicepsbrachiimuscle9橈神經radialnerve10正中神經mediannerve

11背闊肌latissimusdorsimuscle12肩胛舌骨肌omohyoidmuscle

13腋神經axillarynerve14胸深肌pectoralprofundusmuscle

圖Ⅷ-27腹肌

Theabdominalmuscle

1腹直肌rectusabdominismuscle

2股動、靜脈femoralartery.femoralvein

3陰莖penis

4陰囊scrotum

5胸淺肌pectoralsuferficialismuscle

6腹外斜肌externalobliquemuscleofabdomen7股直肌rectusfemorismuscle

8股內側肌vastusmedialismuscle

9恥骨肌pectineusmuscle10長收肌adductorlongusmuscle11股薄肌gracilismuscle

12半腱肌semitendinousmuscle

圖Ⅷ-28胸、腹腔器官

Theorgansinthethoracicandabdominalcavities

13咬肌massetermuscle

14胸骨舌骨肌sternohyoidmuscle

15胸乳突肌sternomastoideusmuscle16肩胛橫肌transversesscapulaemuscle17胸腺thymus

18心heart

19肺lung

20膈diaphragm

21十二指腸duodenum22空腸jejunmn

23膀胱urinarybladder

24二腹肌后腹posteriorbellyofdigastricmuscle25脾spleen

26結腸colon

27回腸ileum

28股靜脈femoralvein

29前列腺prostate

1右頸內動脈rightinternalcarotidartery2右頸外動脈rightexternalcarotidartery3右鎖骨下動脈rightsubclavianartery4右心房rightatrium

5冠狀溝coronarysulcus

6右心室rightventricle

7心尖cardiacapex

8左頸內動脈leftinternalcartoidartery9左頸外動脈leftexternalcartoidartery10主動脈弓aorticarch

11左心房leftatrium

12左心室leftventricle

3右鎖骨下動脈rightsubclavianartery

4右心房rightatrium

7心尖cardiacapex

8左頸內動脈leftinternalcartoidartery

9左頸外動脈leftexternalcartoidartery

11左心房leftatrium

12左心室leftventricle13肺動脈右支rightbranchofpulmonaryartery14肺靜脈pulmonaryvein15前腔靜脈precavalvein16肺動脈左支leftbranchofpulmonaryart7tery17后腔靜脈postcavalvein

18心中靜脈middlecardiacvein

圖Ⅷ-31左心房與左心室Theleftatriumandleftventricle

11左心房leftatrium

12左心室leftventricle

19頭臂動脈brachiocephalicartery

20主動脈弓aorticarch

21乳頭肌papillarymuscles

22左頸總動脈leftcommoncarotidartery

23左鎖骨下動脈leftsubclavianartery

24右前腔靜脈rightprecavalvein

25心外膜extracardium

圖Ⅷ-32右心房和右心室

Therightatriumandrightventricle

4右心房rightatrium

6右心室rightventricle

7心尖cardiacapex

14肺靜脈pulmonaryvein

20主動脈弓aorticarch

22左頸總動脈leftcommoncarotidartery

23左鎖骨下動脈leftsubclavianartery

25心外膜extracardium26肺動脈pulmonaryartery27心內膜endocardiurn28心肌層myocardium

圖Ⅷ-33頸總動脈

Thecommoncarotidartery

圖Ⅷ-34主動脈弓

Theaortaarch

1舌動脈lingualartery

2甲狀腺thyroidgland

3迷走交感神經鏈vagosympatheticchain

4頸外靜脈externaljugularvein

5頸總動脈commoncarotidartery

6鎖骨下動脈subclavianartery

7無名動脈anonymaartery

8主動脈弓aortaarch

9頜外動脈externalmaxillaryartery

10耳前動脈anteriorauricularartery

11甲狀腺上動脈superiorthyroidartery

12頸動脈干carotiqtrunk13腋動脈axillaryartery14左心耳leftauricle15前腔靜脈precavalvein16面后靜脈posteriorfacialvein17面前靜脈anteriorfacialvein18臂神經叢brachialplexus19胸外側動脈externalthoracicartery20椎動脈vertebralartery21肋頸動脈干costocervicaltrunk

圖Ⅷ-35胸主動脈Thethoracicaorta

1甲狀腺thyroidgland2迷走交感神經鏈vagosympatheticchain3頸總動脈commoncarotidartery4鎖骨下動脈subclavianartery

5無名動脈innominateartery6前腔靜脈precavalvein

7后腔靜脈postcavalvein8膈diaphragm

9頸動脈干carotidtrunk10臂神經叢brachialplexus

11腋動脈axillaryartery12胸外側動脈lateralthoracicartery

13椎動脈vertebralartery14肋頸動脈干costocervicaltrunk

15主動脈弓aortaarch16肺動脈pulmonaryartery

17胸主動脈thoracicaorta18肋間動脈intercostalartery

19食管esophagus

1肝右中葉rightmiddlelobeofliver2肝右外葉rightlaterallobeofliver3橫結腸transversecolon4大網(wǎng)膜greateromentnm

5空腸jejunum6劍突xiphoidprocess

7肝左中葉leftmiddlelobeofliver8肝左外葉leftlaterallobeofliver9胃stomach10脾spleen

1l脂肪fat

4大網(wǎng)膜greateromentnm

5空腸jejunum6劍突xiphoidprocess

9胃stomach

10脾spleen

12肝liver

13胰pancreas14結腸colon

1肝右中葉rightmiddlelobeofliver2肝右外葉rightlaterallobeofliver3小腸smallintestine4大網(wǎng)膜greateromentum

5結腸colon6胸腺thymus

7肺lung8心heart

9膈diaphragml0肝左中葉leftmiddlelobeofliver11肝左外葉leftlaterallobeofliver12胃stomach

13脾spleen

1肝右中葉rightmiddlelobeofliver2肝右外葉rightlaterallobeofliver3小腸smallintestinel0肝左中葉leftmiddlelobeofliver11肝左外葉leftlaterallobeofliver12胃stomach

14附睪epididymis

15睪丸testis16陰莖penis17股動、靜脈femoralarteryandvein

1膈diaphragm

2前腔靜脈precavalvein3胸腺thymus

4肺lung

5心heart

6腎上腺adrenalgland7腎kidney

8腎門靜脈renalportalvein

9精索內靜脈

10髂腰靜脈iliolumbarvein

11膀胱urinarybladder

internalspermaticvein

圖Ⅷ-42胃Thestomach圖Ⅷ-43胃壁內面Thewallofstomach.Innersurface

12十二指腸duodenum

13幽門pylorus

14胃大彎greatercurvatureofstomach

15食管esophagus

16胃底fundusofstomach

17胃小彎lessercurvatureofstomach

18胃體bodyofstomach

19賁門pylorus

20胃粘膜皮區(qū)cutaneouspartofgastricmucous

21胃粘膜腺區(qū)glandularpartofgastricmucous

1空腸jejunum

2橫結腸transversecolon

3升結腸ascendingcolon

4盲腸cecum

5腹壁淺動脈superficialepigastricartery6隱動脈saphenousartery

7隱大靜脈greatsaphenousvein8肝liver

9胃stomach

10脾spleen

11降結腸descendingcolon

12膀胱urinarybladder

13尾中動脈middlecoccygealartery

1空腸jejunum

2橫結腸transversecolon8肝liver14回腸ileum

15盲腸尖apexofcecum16盲腸體bodyofcecum17盲腸基部baseofcecum

圖Ⅷ-47生殖器官（♀）（2)Thegenitalorgans（♀）(2)

1小腸smallintestine2輸卵管uterinetube3脂肪fat4胃stomach

5子宮角hornofuterus6直腸rectum

7膀胱urinarybladder8脾spleen

9子宮體bodyofuterus

1

rectum2urinarybladder3

腎kidney4脂肪fat5精囊seminalvesicle6前列腺prostate

7陰莖penis8附睪epididymis

直腸膀胱

2膀胱urinarybladder

5精囊seminalvesicle6前列腺prostate

7陰莖penis

8附睪epididymis

9精索spermaticcord

1直腸rectum