2022版高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)課時(shí)提升作業(yè)二十三選修8Unit23Conflict【含答案】

二十三選修8Unit23ConflictⅠ閱讀理解AARussiancecrafttravelingtotheInternationalceStationonThursdayhadtomakeanemergencylandingwhenarocketenginefailedtofire.ItwasthelatestinarecentseriesoffailuresfortheRussianceprogram,whichisalsousedbytheU.S.tocarryitsastronautstothestation.UnitedStatesastronautNickHagueandRussianastronautAlexeiOvchininlandedsafelyabout20kilometersfromDzhezkazganinKazakhstan.Thecityisabout450kilometersfromtheRussia’sBaikonurcecenter,whichRussiaoperatesthroughanagreementwiththeRepublicofKazakhstan.BoththeU.S.ceagencyNASAandRussia’sRoscosmosreportedthatthetwowerequicklyrecoveredfromthelandingareabyrescuecrews.AspokesmanforRussianPresidentVladimirPutinsaid,“Thankgoodnessthecrewisalive”aftertheyhadlandedsafely.Abouttwominutesafterlaunching,thethree-stageSoyuzboosterrocketsufferedanunspecifiedfailureofitssecondstage.Russia’sTASSnewsagencysaidthecapsulecarryingthetwomenseparatedfromthetroubledrocketsafely.ThiscausedthecapsuletodropverysharplyintotheEarth’satmosphere.Parachutes(降落傘)helpedslowthereturningcapsule.Searchandrescueteamsweresenttorecoverthecrew.Russia’sRIAnewsagencyreportedthatRussiahasimmediatelyputoffallmannedcelaunchesafterthefailure.RoscosmosheadDmitryRogozinsaidhehadorderedastatecommissiontocarryoutaninvestigationintowhatwentwrong.HesaidRussiawillshareallrelevantinformationwiththeU.S.TheTASSnewsagencysaidthattheISScrewhasenoughsuppliesandthatthefailedlaunchwillnotaffectoperations.TheU.S.andothernationshavedependedonRussiatocarryastronautstotheISSsincetheretirementoftheceShuttleprogramin2011.Incomingyears,AmericanaerocecompaniesceX,withitsDragon2,andBoeing,withitsStarliner,areexpectedtoreturntoce.【文章大意】本文屬于新聞,講述運(yùn)送宇航員到國際空間站的一枚俄羅斯火箭由于發(fā)動機(jī)故障緊急降落,所幸無人死亡。1.Whatcausedthefailureofthelaunch?A.Theproblemoftheengine.B.Theterribleweather.C.Thedropofthecapsule.D.Thewrongoperation.選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的Abouttwominutesafterlaunching,thethree-stageSoyuzboosterrocketsufferedanunspecifiedfailureofitssecondstage.可知,發(fā)射兩分鐘之后,三級火箭發(fā)動機(jī)遇到不明故障,導(dǎo)致發(fā)射失敗,故選A。2.Whatcanwelearnaboutthelaunch?A.ThecapsulelandedsafelyinDzhezkazgan,Russia.B.Russiahadneverfailedinthecelaunchbeforethisfailure.C.Thefailedlaunchwillhaveaseriouseffectontheoperations.D.AtfirstthecapsuledroppedveryrapidlyintotheEarth’satmosphere.選D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的ThiscausedthecapsuletodropverysharplyintotheEarth’satmosphere.Parachuteshelpedslowthereturningcapsule.可知,太空艙迅速掉入地球大氣層,降落傘減緩了太空艙的降落速度,故選D。3.Whatcanweinferfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.ceXissuretogobacktocesoon.B.AmericacarriedastronautstotheISSbyitselfbefore2011.C.NowonlyRussiacancarryastronautstoce.D.TheISScrewlivesaverygoodlifeinthecestation.選B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的TheU.S.andothernationshavedependedonRussiatocarryastronautstotheISSsincetheretirementoftheceShuttleprogramin2011.可知,自從2011年美國航天飛機(jī)退役,美國以及其他國家必須依靠俄羅斯火箭運(yùn)送宇航員到國際空間站,故可以得知,2011年以前,美國利用自己的航天飛機(jī)運(yùn)送宇航員,故選B。4.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheRescueofTwoAstronautsB.TheLaunchofRussiancecraftC.CooperationbetweenRussiaandAmericaD.EmergencyLandinginFailedceLaunch選D。主旨大意題。本文屬于新聞,根據(jù)新聞特點(diǎn),第一段第一句ARussiancecrafttravelingtotheInternationalceStationonThursdayhadtomakeanemergencylandingwhenarocketenginefailedtofire.為本文的主旨句,講述運(yùn)送宇航員到國際空間站的一枚俄羅斯火箭由于發(fā)動機(jī)故障緊急降落,故選D。B(開封模擬)TheLittleBabyFaceFoundation(LBFF)isaNYC-basednonprofitorganizationwithagreatdealofcontroversy.Foundedin2002,itprovidesfreeplasticsurgeryforchildrenbornwithfacialdeformities(畸形).Manyteenagerswhohavebeenteasedfortheirlooksarenowapplyingtohavetheirproblemareas“fixed”byLBFF.Nadia,one14-year-oldteenager,hadherfacegreatlychangedinJunewhenshewentundertheknife.Herclassmateshadbeenconstantlymakingfunofherappearance.“TheysaidIhavethebiggestearsthatthey’veeverseen.Theycalledmeelephantears,”Nadiasaid.Thosecommentshurtheralot.Sheevenconsideredhowtoendherownlife.ButNadiatriedtokeepthebullyingasecretfromhermother,Lynda.Hermotherwasalreadydealingwithmountingmedicalbillsforher9-year-oldson,Josh,whohadaseriousbraindisease.Whenhermotherdidfinallyfindoutaboutthebullying,shewasheartbroken.Nadiadecidedtoendherbullyingproblemswithplasticsurgery.ThenhermotherturnedtotheLBFF,whichacceptedNadia’sapplication.Thesurgerieswereverypainfulandittookmonthsforherfacetoheal,butshedidmanagetoreturntoschoolwithanewface,afaceshewasfinallyproudof.Nadia’ssurgerymayhavehelpedherovercomeheremotionalpain,butshouldteenagersgotothoseextremesjustbecausetheyarebeingbullied?Expertswarnifthedeformitiesarenotreallyaproblemtothechild,plasticsurgeryisnottheanswer!Infact,whenateendecidestogetplasticsurgerybecauseheorsheisbeingbullied,itcansendthewrongmessage.Bysurgicallychangingthevictimofabully,itisasifyousupportthebullyingandagreethevictimisinfactworthyofallthosenamesheorshehasbeencalled.Itislikesayingtoteenagers:“Yes,thereissomethingwrongwithyou,andyoushouldgetitfixed!”【文章大意】文章圍繞女生Nadia的故事討論了一個有爭議的問題:整形手術(shù)是否是解決校園欺凌問題的辦法呢?5.WhatdidNadiathinkofherschoollifeinthepast?A.Busy. B.Exciting.C.Miserable. D.Ordinary.選C。推理判斷題。由第二段中的Herclassmateshadbeenconstantlymakingfunofherappearance及Thosecommentshurtheralot.Sheevenconsideredhowtoendherownlife可知,過去的校園生活對Nadia來說非常痛苦。6.WhydidNadiakeepthesecretfromhermother?A.Hermotherhadheartdisease.B.Shedidn’twanttoburdenher.C.Hermotherwasafraidofbeingbullied.D.Shedidn’tknowhowtoshareitwithher.選B。推理判斷題。由第三段中的Hermotherwasalreadydealingwithmountingmedicalbillsforher9-year-oldson,Josh,whohadaseriousbraindisease可知,Nadia沒把受欺凌的事告訴媽媽是因?yàn)榕陆o媽媽增加負(fù)擔(dān)。7.Whydoestheauthorsayplasticsurgerycansendthewrongmessage?A.Itmayletbulliesfeeltheyareright.B.Itmaybecomepopularamongteens.C.ItmaydamagethenameoftheLBFF.D.Itmaychangevictimsintobullies.選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由最后一段中的Bysurgicallychangingthevictimofabully,itisasifyousupportthebullyingandagreethevictimisinfactworthyofallthosenamesheorshehasbeencalled可知,作者認(rèn)為整形手術(shù)可能會讓欺凌者認(rèn)為他們是對的。8.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Whymanyteenagersarebeingteased?B.Isplasticsurgerytheanswertobullying?C.Whysurgeryhelpsovercomeemotionalpain?D.Shouldwepaymoreattentiontoappearance?選B。標(biāo)題歸納題。本文圍繞面部畸形的女生Nadia做整形手術(shù)的故事,討論了一個有爭議的問題:整形手術(shù)是否是解決校園欺凌問題的辦法,故B項(xiàng)作標(biāo)題能更好地概括全文主旨。Ⅱ.閱讀填句根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。FourwaystobeagreatroommateHavingaroommatecanbeoneofthebestexperiencesinaboardingschoolor,easily,oneoftheworst.1Followthesetipstoavoidthecommonmistakesthatturngoodroommaterelationshipssour.

Talkthingsout.Communicationiskey.Ifsomethinghappens,sitdownwithyourroommateandhaveaface-to-faceconversation.I’veseenroommaterelationshipsfallapartbecausesomethinghappensand,insteadoftalkingtoeachother,thetwostartcomplainingabouttheirroommatesbehindtheirbacks.2

Don’texpecttobebestfriends.Someroommatesbecomethebestoffriends,andsomedon’t.Don’tputpressureonyourselforyourroommate,especiallywhenyoufirstmeet.3Andifyourroommatedoesn’tendupbeingyourbestfriend,don’tworry.

Askbeforeyoutake.Thisappliestofood,clothesandanythingelse.Ifyouwanttokeeparelationshipgoing,showyourroommatethatyouhaverespectforwhatishisorhersbyaskingfirst.4

Cleanupafteryourself.Thisshouldgowithoutsaying.Don’tbelazy.Or,atleast,don’tburyyourroommateinyourclothesandgarbage.MostpeopleI’vecomeacrossinaboardingschoolaremessy.5Butbeingconsideratewithwhereyouputyourstuffwillhelpyouavoidconflict.

A.Soyouneedtothinktwicebeforeyouhelpyourroommateout.B.Thiscreatesnothingbutawkwardsituationsandunhappiness.C.Evenifyoubothagreetoshareeverything,youshouldstillask.D.Youdon’thavetocleanyourroomandkeepitorganizedallthetime.E.Itallstartswithyoutohaveagoodrelationshipwithyourroommate.F.Sometimesyougetstuckwithsomeonewhohastonsofnegative(消極的)energy.G.Remember,you’retryingtomakeanewfriend,nottofrightenyourroommateaway.【文章大意】成為好室友的四種方法。1.選E。根據(jù)第一句可知,與室友保持良好的關(guān)系是從你開始的。故選E。2.選B。根據(jù)thetwostartcomplainingabouttheirroommatesbehindtheirbacks兩人開始在背后抱怨室友,可知選B,抱怨只會造成尷尬和不快。3.選G。上句提到初次見面,所以記住,你是想交個新朋友,而不是嚇跑你的室友。故選G。4.選C。根據(jù)上句你要尊重他或她的東西,首先要問。故選C。5.選D。上句提到“messy”,所以你不必一直打掃你的房間,讓它井井有條。故選D。Ⅲ.語法填空閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Inrecentyears,self-drivetourism(自駕車旅游)hasbecomepeople’s1.__________(prefer)intravellingduringholidays.Thereasonswhymoreandmorepeoplechooseit2.__________(be)asfollows.Firstly,thetraditionalChinesefestivals,suchastheMid-AutumnFestival,3.__________(set)asofficialholidays,4.__________providespeoplewithmorechancestotraveltogetherwiththeirfamilyandfriends.5.__________(second),therapiddevelopmentofroadconstructionandthe6.__________(increase)numberofpeopleowningprivatecarsmakeself-drivetourismboom(繁榮).Thirdly,7.__________(compare)withtraditionaltourism,travellingbyself-drivingenablespeopletogetclosertonatureand8.__________(give)themmorefreedominthetour.

Sincepeoplehavetodriveallthewayduringthetour,theyhavetopayspecialattention9.__________thesafetyproblemandavoid10.__________(drive)whenexhausted.

1.preference?？疾榕缮~。所填詞在句中作表語,前面有people’s,故填名詞preference。2.are。考查主謂一致。主語是復(fù)數(shù)形式,故填are。3.areset。考查動詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。festivals與set之間為被動關(guān)系,且描述的是一般事實(shí),故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動語態(tài)。4.which。考查定語從句。which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,指代前面整句話的內(nèi)容。5.Secondly。考查副詞。本空填Secondly“第二”,與前面的Firstly“首先”呼應(yīng)。6.increasing。考查形容詞。所填詞在句中作定語修飾名詞number,increasing“日益增多的”。7.compared?？疾榉侵^語動詞。compare與其邏輯主語travelingbyself-driving之間為被動關(guān)系,故用過去分詞compared。8.gives?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)。該空所填詞與enables并列作謂語,應(yīng)填gives。9.to。考查固定搭配。payattentionto“注意”。10.driving?？疾榉侵^語動詞。根據(jù)avoiddoingsth.“避免做某事”的用法可知該空填driving。Ⅰ.閱讀理解Forsomepeople,walkingorrunningoutdoorsisagreatwaytoworkout.Whatmaynotbesopleasantisseeingtrashallovertheground.Well,somepeoplearedoingsomethingaboutit.Theyareplogging!“Plogging”beganinSweden.ThenamecombinestheSwedishword“plocka”,whichmeanstopickup,andtheword“jogging”,whichmeanstorunslowly.ASwedishmannamedErik,startedthemovementin2016.OntheWorldEnvironmentDaywebsite,EriksaysthathemovedtoStockholmfromasmallcommunityinnorthernSwedenandeachdayhewouldridehisbiketowork.Concernedabouttheamountoftrashandlitterhesaweachdayonhiswaytowork,hetookmattersintohisownhands.

Plogging,bythatterm,mayhaveofficiallybeguninSweden.Butmanypeoplewhoexerciseoutdoorshavebeendoingthisforyears.TakeJeffHorowitzforexample.HeisapersonaltrainerinWashington,D.C.Heoftenpicksuptrashwhilerunningoutside.Heevenhasturneditintoagame;hewilltrytopickupthetrashwithoutstopping.“Ididn’tknowitwasathingreally.Thisisjustmypersonalethics(道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)),whereIgoforarunandifIhappentoseeapieceofgarbagelyingaroundandit’swithinreach—itisakindofalittletestformetoseeifIcangrabitandthrowitinaneartrashcanwithoutstopping.Andthatway,Ithink,itgivesmealittleexerciseandalittlefocusformyrun.Andithelpscleanuptheneighborhood,”heannounced.Today,ploggingisanofficialactivity,onethatisbecomingincreasinglypopular.Citiesaroundtheworldnowholdploggingevents,“Iwouldjusthopepeoplewouldthinktwicebeforedroppingagarbageontheground.Wehavecontainers...seemsoneveryblock.So,it’seasytoputyourgarbageinthetrashcans.Ijustthinkpeopleshouldthinkaboutitalittlebitmore.Idohopeonedaytherewillnotbeaneedforplogging.”saidaninterviewee.【文章大意】這是一篇說明文。Plogging拾荒慢跑是全球正在流行的健身方式,不僅讓你的鍛煉更高效,而且有助于美化身邊的環(huán)境,保持環(huán)境清潔。1.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedphrase“tookmattersintohisownhands”?A.calledonpeopletojoinhimB.appealedtopeopletogogreenC.begantopickupthetrashD.hadthecollectedtrashrecycled選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)上文Concernedabouttheamountoftrashandlitterhesaweachdayonhiswaytowork可知,上班路上那些大量的垃圾讓他感到擔(dān)心,因此可推測下文應(yīng)該是他開始撿這些垃圾。故劃線部分的意思為“開始撿垃圾”。故選C。2.LikeJeffHorowitz,ploggingtomanypeoplehasbecomea(n)______act.

A.automatic B.irresistibleC.arbitrary D.temporary選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段Thisisjustmypersonalethics可知,JeffHorowitz拾荒慢跑只是出于個人的道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn),即是自發(fā)性的,因此可推理,和JeffHorowitz一樣,拾荒慢跑對于很多人來說已經(jīng)成為了一種自發(fā)行為。故選A。3.Whatistheideathatploggingeventsaremeanttopromote?A.Joggingistrulybeneficial.B.Trashcansshouldbewithinreach.C.Litteringisnotacceptable.D.Communitiesshouldbekeptclean.選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Iwouldjusthopepeoplewouldthinktwicebeforedroppingagarbageontheground可知,舉辦這些活動的目的是希望人們在往地上扔垃圾前三思。即拾荒慢跑旨在推廣亂丟垃圾是不可接受的這一觀念,故選C。4.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.NewExerciseEnjoysUnbelievablePopularityB.NewExerciseTrendAlsoHelpsEnvironmentC.Plogging—AFashionableWaytoClearWasteD.Plogging—AnExerciseOriginatinginSweden選B。主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句Today,ploggingisanofficialactivity,onethatisbecomingincreasinglypopular可知,如今,拾荒慢跑已成為一項(xiàng)官方活動,而且越來越受歡迎。結(jié)合文章主要內(nèi)容可知,拾荒慢跑這種新的運(yùn)動趨勢不僅能使鍛煉更高效,同時(shí)有助于保護(hù)環(huán)境。故選B。Ⅱ.完形填空It’salwaysbeenadreamforAlextotakeatripwithhermother,butitwasadeathinthefamilythat1madethembothrealizehowpreciouslifereallyis.

“Afterlosingmygrandma,I2thatneitherInormymumwill3behere,andthatIcan’t4therighttimetocome,”the27-year-oldgirltoldTheHuffingtonPost.

“Afteraweekof5,myamazingmumandIareofftotravelaroundtheUnitedStates.WewillbetravellingfromNewYorktoLosAngelesinterviewing6whoarechangingtheworldforthebetterand7thedreamIhadforaverylongtime:totraveltogetherwithmymother.Ihavetakenamonthoffworkandweareonourway.8arewaiting!”Alexsaid.

SoinAugust,Alexandher63-year-oldretiredmother,Halina,traveledtotheUnitedStatesforathree-week9thattookthemfromcoasttocoast.

Alexisthe10ofLookingForHeroes,asocialmediaproject,inwhichshephotographsmanyoftheinterestingpeopleshemeetswith,11uniquetidbits(花邊新聞)oftheirlifestoriesatthesametime.The12motheranddaughtertraveledacrossthenation,visitingcities13Knoxville,Tennessee,NewYorkCity,LosAngelesandWashington.Alongthewaytheytookphotos14famousbackdrops(背景)ineachcity,makingsome15memories.

Meanwhile,Alex16muchfromhermother.Hermotheroftensaid“My17toyoungpeoplewouldbetolearnnewthings,andwhatyouhavelearnedwillbeyourbiggest18inlife.Withageyoustop19aboutthingsthatdon’tmatter.Withyourpriorities(優(yōu)先)changing,20andhealthbecomethemostimportant.”

【文章大意】Alex是LookingForHeroes的編輯,和媽媽一起去美國旅游采訪,一路上她們以每個城市的著名景點(diǎn)為背景拍照,留下了難忘的記憶。她媽媽對年輕人的建議是要學(xué)習(xí)新事物,你所學(xué)到的將是你一生中最大的財(cái)富。1.A.finallyB.simplyC.mildlyD.secretly選A。一名家庭成員的去世最終(finally)讓她們倆都意識到生命真的很寶貴。2.A.promised B.realizedC.guessed D.hoped選B。這里表示Alex在祖母去世之后的感悟。3.A.thus B.even C.ever D.forever選D。失去祖母之后,我意識到我和我媽媽都不會永遠(yuǎn)(forever)在這里。4.A.thinkof B.putasideC.waitfor D.giveaway選C。waitfor等待。此處表示我們不能等著這個時(shí)候的到來。5.A.preparation B.workC.consideration D.rest選A。根據(jù)句意可知是準(zhǔn)備了一周之后。preparation準(zhǔn)備,符合語境。6.A.friends B.relativesC.reporters D.influencers選D。influencers影響者。我們將從紐約到洛杉磯采訪那些讓世界變得更好的影響者。7.A.connecting B.describingC.achieving D.imagining選C。achieve實(shí)現(xiàn),取得。achieveone’s/thedream實(shí)現(xiàn)某人的夢想,是固定搭配。8.A.Troubles B.Dreams C.Results D.Dangers選B。根據(jù)前文可知,和媽媽一起去旅行的夢想正等著我們。故選B。9.A.adventure B.campaignC.business D.gathering選A。adventure冒險(xiǎn)。句意:Alex和她63歲的媽媽到美國旅行,進(jìn)行了三周的冒險(xiǎn)。10.A.actress B.model C.editor D.student選C。根據(jù)后文可知Alex是LookingForHeroes的編輯(editor)。11.A.inventing B.sharingC.preparing D.hearing選B。句意:Alex是LookingForHeroes的編輯,她拍攝遇到的有趣的人,同時(shí)分享(share)他們生活故事中的獨(dú)家花邊新聞。故選B。12.A.frightened B.amusedC.astonished D.excited選D。根據(jù)下文可知媽媽感到興奮(excited)。13.A.including B.arrangingC.containing D.expecting選A。此處表示游覽的城市包括(including)Knoxville,Tennessee,NewYorkCity,LosAngeles和Washington。故選A。14.A.into B.above C.against D.from選C。句意:一路上她們以每個城市的著名景點(diǎn)為背景拍照,留下難忘的記憶。against以……為背景,故選C。15.A.unbelievable B.unforgettableC.unbearable D.unthinkable選B。unforgettable難忘的。此處表示她們通過拍照片留下難忘的記憶。16.A.received B.savedC.separated D.learned選D。句意:與此同時(shí),Alex從她媽媽那里學(xué)到了很多。故選D。17.A.position B.exampleC.advice D.experience選C。根據(jù)下文中的“tolearnnewthings...”可知,此處表示建議。18.A.goal B.wealth C.success D.change選B。句意:我對年輕人的建議是要學(xué)習(xí)新事物,你所學(xué)到的將是你一生中最大的財(cái)富(wealth)。19.A.talking B.bringing C.setting D.worrying選D。隨著年齡的增長,你會不再擔(dān)憂(worry)不重要的事情。故選D。20.A.family B.identity C.beauty D.job選A。此處表示隨著你對待事物優(yōu)先次序的改變,家庭(family)和健康會變成最重要的。Ⅲ.短文改錯(廣州模擬)Lastweek,Iquarrelwithmyparentsaboutspendingtoomuchtimeonmycellphone.Ifeltexhaustingthatday,andbecameveryangryeventhoughtheytalkedtomeinafriend