主謂一致專題教育課件市公開課金獎(jiǎng)市賽課一等獎(jiǎng)?wù)n件

主謂一致第1頁“主謂一致”是指謂語動(dòng)詞與主語必須在人稱、數(shù)上保持一致，即主語是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語也用復(fù)數(shù)形式，如are,were,have等，主語是單數(shù)，謂語要用單數(shù)形式，如：is,was,has,works等。第2頁1.

由and連接并列成份但指是同一概念或一個(gè)人雙重身份時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞為單數(shù)，但由and連接兩個(gè)并列成份表示兩個(gè)不一樣概念時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。

The

workerandwriter

is

fromBeijing.(那個(gè)工人兼作家…)

Theworkerandthewriter

are

fromBeijing.(那位工人和那位作家)第3頁BothCathyandherdaughterLinda

have

gonefishinginCanada.Breadandbutter

is

adailyfoodintheWest.

常見由and連接指一個(gè)概念有：theneedleandthread針線

saltandwater鹽水

thefolkandknife刀叉

ironandsteel鋼鐵timeandtide歲月第4頁2.everyoneof

oneof

eachof

eitherofneitherof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語用單數(shù)。

Eachofthestudentshasabook.

Eachofthegirls

likesdancing.

Oneofthem

hasbeenabroad.

Neitherofthetwoboys

isgoodatEnglish.第5頁但"oneof＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞＋定語從句"結(jié)構(gòu)假如one前面沒有限定詞，這個(gè)句型中“復(fù)數(shù)名詞”是先行詞，定語從句謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；假如one前面有theonly,thefirst,thelast,theright等限定詞修飾，則one是先行詞，定語從句謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Johnistheonlyoneofthestudents

whohasthekeys.Johnisoneofthestudents

whohavethekeys.第6頁3.morethanone/manya+單數(shù)名詞作主語，意義上是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞慣用單數(shù)。(形單意復(fù))Morethanonestudenthastried.Manyastudentandteacheriswatchingthefootballmatch.Manyamanhasdiedinthewar.第7頁4.

each/every/no/manya+單數(shù)名詞+and+

each/every/no/manya+單數(shù)名詞

作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Eachbookand

eachpaperisfound

initsplace.Everyboyand

everygirlhastheright

toreceiveeducation.Many

aboyand

manyagirlhasseen

thesepainting.Everyhourandminuteisimportant.第二個(gè)each,every,no,manya能夠省略。第8頁5.a+單數(shù)名詞+andahalf,

a+單數(shù)名詞+ortwo

作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。

Ayearandahalfhaspassed.

Adayortwoisenough.oneortwo+復(fù)數(shù)名詞,

oneandahalf+復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。Oneortwoboysknowit.OneandahalfmonthshavepassedsinceIsawhim.第9頁noneof...結(jié)構(gòu)作主語指代不可數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語用單數(shù)；指代復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語，強(qiáng)調(diào)全體，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)更加好一些；著重個(gè)別，則用單數(shù)很好。Noneofthemoneyisyours.Noneofushave／haseverbeenabroad.6.all,none,some,any等不定代詞作主語，根

據(jù)其指代內(nèi)容而定。Allarepresent./Allthefoodtastesgood.第10頁7.“anumberof＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語，謂語用復(fù)數(shù);“許多”“thenumberof＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語，謂語用單數(shù)。“…數(shù)量”Thenumberoftrafficaccidentshasincreased.Anumberofchildren

likethissong.第11頁aquantityof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞,謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。

aquantityof+不可數(shù)名詞,謂語用單數(shù).quantitiesof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。Quantitiesoftea

weresoldlastmonth.Alargequantityofbeer

wassoldout.Alargequantityofbooksinthelibrarywere

amazing.8.Quantity/iesof+名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞第12頁9.population做主語指人口,謂語用單數(shù)；指人行為、居民等，謂語慣用復(fù)數(shù)；分?jǐn)?shù)/百分?jǐn)?shù)+ofthepopulation做主語，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。Thepopulationofthevillageis538.Onethirdofthepopulationhereareworkers.10.theOlympicGames,theAsianGames做主語，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。TheOlympicGamesareheldeveryfouryears.第13頁half

most

enough

part

therest

thelast

lots

some

plenty

分?jǐn)?shù)

百分?jǐn)?shù)+of+名詞作主語謂語動(dòng)詞要和of

之后名詞保持一致。11.第14頁Two-thirdsofthepeoplepresentare

againsttheplan.Three-fourthsofthesurfaceoftheearthis

coveredbysea.Overtwentypercentofthecity

was

destroyedinthewar.Forty-fivepercentofthedoctors

were

women.Only40percentofthestudentsintheclassareboys.第15頁12.集體名詞class,family,army,team,club,population,party,crowd,majority,audience,government,public,group,等作主語。強(qiáng)調(diào)整體用單數(shù)，指個(gè)體組員用復(fù)數(shù)。Hisfamily

isinHarbin.Hisfamily

aremusiclovers.Thecommitteewasmadeupof10members.Thecommitteewereinthehall.

第16頁不過并不是全部集合名詞都含有以上兩種使用方法：

1.

有集合名詞總是用作單數(shù)(不可數(shù))：clothing衣服，poetry詩歌，baggage／luggage行李，furniture家俱，scenery景色等。2.

有集合名詞總是表示復(fù)數(shù)意義(但不用復(fù)數(shù)形式)：people人，police警察，cattle牲畜等。第17頁3.goods,clothes,glasses,shoes,scissors及trousers,chopsticks,等以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)名詞作主語，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)；4.news,politics,maths,physics,plastics等形式為復(fù)數(shù)而意義為單數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語用單數(shù)。ThegoodsbelongtoMr.Wang.Nonewsisgoodnews.Mytrousersarenew.第18頁13.“the＋adj./v-ed/v-ing”作主語

the+

dying,young,old,blind,rich,sick,wounded,poor及dead等詞，相當(dāng)于復(fù)數(shù)名詞，代表整個(gè)類別，故作主語時(shí)謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。TheoldinChinaarelivingahappylife.Thewounded

havebeensaved.Thesick

havebeencuredandthelosthavebeenfound.第19頁14.

表示時(shí)間、距離、錢額、重量、空間、

體積等意義復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語

動(dòng)詞慣用單數(shù)。

Eighthoursofsleep

isenough.

Ahundredmilesisalongdistance.

Tenpounds

wasmissingfrommypocket.Twentyyears

haspassedsincehelefthishometown.第20頁15.動(dòng)名詞、不定式、從句做主語1).單個(gè)動(dòng)名詞或不定式作主語，謂語用單數(shù)。Makingspeeches

isnotherstrongpoint.Growingflowers

needsconstantwatering.第21頁2).

由and連接兩個(gè)(或多個(gè))動(dòng)名詞或不定式作主語假如并列動(dòng)名詞或不定式語義相同或相同，謂語用單數(shù)；假如語義不一致，則謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。Lyingandstealing

arenotright.Toloveandtobeloved

issweetthing.第22頁3).

由that,where,when,whether,how等詞引導(dǎo)名詞性從句作主語，主句謂語慣用單數(shù)形式。Howtheycanfinishtheirwork

isstillunknown.Wherewewillgo

hasnotbeendecided.Whenandwheretoholdthemeeting_____notdecided.Whentoholdthemeetingandwheretohavelunch_____notdecided.isare第23頁4.)

由what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句作主語，謂語普通用單數(shù)(表語是復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)也可用復(fù)數(shù))；假如what從句是帶有復(fù)數(shù)意義并列結(jié)構(gòu)，主句謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。Whattheyareafterismoney.Whatwewantare／ispromises.Whathesaysand(whathe)doesdonotagree.第24頁16.由…or…,either…or,neither…nor,notonly…butalso…,not…but…

等連接并列主語，謂語動(dòng)詞常和靠近作主語名詞在單復(fù)數(shù)上保持一致——就近標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

Notonly

he

butalso

I

aminvited.Ior

hisbrothersweretoblame.Neither

I

nor

he

istoattendthe

meeting.Notonly

thestudents

butalso

their

teacher

isenjoyingthefilm.第25頁17.當(dāng)therebe/herebe句型主語是一系列事物時(shí)，謂語應(yīng)與最鄰近主語保持一致。

1.

Thereisapen,aknifeandseveral

booksonthedesk..2.

Therearetwentyboy-studentsand

twenty-threegirl-studentsintheclass.3.

Hereisaletterandabookforyou.4.

Therearethreechairs,twotablesand

abikeinthehouse.第26頁18.主語后跟

“with,alongwith,togetherwith,like,unlike,besides,but,except,including,aswellas,asmuchas,ratherthan,morethan,nolessthan,andnot+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞普通和前面主語保持一致。1.

Theteacher

withanumberofstudents

isintheclassroom.2.

Tom,asmuchasyou,wasresponsiblefortheloss.3.

He

morethanyouisanxioustogothere.第27頁1.______youorhetheteacherof

English?Neithermysisternormymother

______presentatthemeeting.A.Are,wasB.Is,wereC.Are,areD.Is,isADoSomeExercises第28頁2.Whenandwheretobuildthenew

factory______yet.A.isnotdecided

B.arenotdecided

C.hasnotdecided

D.havenotdecided析:當(dāng)when和where加不定式指是同一件事時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。A第29頁3.Oneortwodays____enoughtosee

thecity．A.isB.areC.amD.be4.NeithermywifenorImyself____able

topersuademydaughtertochange

hermind．A.isB.areC.amD.be第30頁5.Nottheteacher,butthestudents

____lookingforwardtoseeingthe

film．A.isB.areC.amD.be6.His“SelectedPoems”____first

publishedin1965.A.were B.was

C.hasbeen D.havebeenB第31頁7.Awomanwithsomechildren______

soon． A.iscoming B.arecoming C.hascome D.havecome8.Nooneexceptmyparents____

anythingaboutthis。 A.know B.knows C.isknown D.areknown第32頁9.Theteacheraswellasthestudents

______thebookalready．A.hasread B.havereadC.arereading D.isreading10.Allbutone____intheaccident．A.waskilled B.werekilledC.willbekilled D.arekilledAllwerekilledintheaccidentbutone.第33頁11.Thenumberofpeople