國(guó)貿(mào)復(fù)習(xí)提綱

復(fù)習(xí)提綱Chapter11.Twokindsoftraderestrictions.TariffandNon-Tariffbarriers2.Threeformsofimportsurtax.Countervailingduty/Anti-dumping/Variableduty3.Thetypesofdutiesaccordingtothetimeofcollection.Importduty/Exportduty4.Thetypesofdutiesaccordingtothemethodsofcollection.Specificduty/AdValoremduty/MixedorCompoundingduty/Alternativeduty5.Thetypesofnon-tradebarriers.Quota/importlicense/voluntaryexportrestraints/foreignexchangecontrol/statemonopolyofimportandexport/governmentprocurementpolicy/advanceddeposit/technicalstandard/heathandsanitaryregulation//packagingandlaboringregulation/minimumpriceChapter21.UnderFOB,CFR,CIF,FCA,CPT,CIPterms,Whichpartyshallapplyforexportlicense?sellerclearthegoodsforexport?sellerberesponsibleforinspection?sellerbearthefreightnecessarytobringthegoodsfromtheportofshipmenttothenamedportofdestination?Buyer:FOB/FCAbeartheinsurancepremiumduringthecarriageofgoodsfromtheportofshipmenttothenamedportofdestination?Seller:CIF/CIPbeartheloadingcostattheportofshipment?Buyer:FOB/FCAbeartheunloadingcostattheportofdestination?Seller:CIF/CPTapplyforimportlicense?buyerclearthegoodsforimportandpaytherelevantimportduty?buyerberesponsibleforre-inspection?buyerWhatmodesoftransporttheycanbeusedfortheseterms?FOB/CFR/CIF:SeaorinlandwaterwaytransportFCA/CIP/CPT:anymodeoftransportincludingmultimodaltransport2.WhataretheplacesofdeliveryunderEXW,FOB,CFR,CIF,FCA,CPT,CIP,DDU,DDPterms?EXWtheseller’premiseFOB/CFR/CIFShip’srailFCA/CIP/CPTCarrierDDU/DDPnamedplaceintheimportingcountry3.ThelegalfeaturesofINCOTERMS.ItisnotapartofnationalorinternationallawthoughtheycanbeblindingthesellersandthebuyersastheircontractualobligationsprovidedthesalescontractspecifiesthataparticularIncotermswillapply.Chapter31.FourtypesofmarkusedininternationaltradeShippingmarks/informationmarks/indicativemarks/warningmarks2.Somephrasesshouldnotbeusedinthetermsofpackingincontractsastheyareambiguous,whattheyare?Sea-worthypackagingcustomarypackaging3.ThemeaningoffollowingcombinationsoflettersandfiguresinthefollowingshippingmarkABCCo.StandfornameofimporterXYZ123isreferencenumber,suchasnumberofcontract,invoiceorshippingdocumentsShanghaiisportofdestinationChapter41.Twotypesofmerchantvessels.Liners/tramps2.ThemeaningsofW,M,AdVal,W/M,W/MorAdValinaLiner’sFreightTariff.W/byweightM/bymeasurement,volumeAdVal/byvalueW/MbyweightorvolumeW/MorAdValfirstbyweightorvolume,secondbyvalue3.ThefunctionsofaB/L.Areceiptfromshippingco.forshipping’sgoods,AtitledocumenttothegoodsshippedAevidenceofthecontractofcarriage4.ThedifferencesbetweenashippedB/LandareceivedforshipmentB/L.AShippedB/L:Goodsareloadingonboard.Thenameofthecarryingvesselandthedateofshippingareindicatedonit.AreceivedforshipmentB/L:goodsareunloadingonboard.Nonameofthecarryingvesselandthedateofshippingonit.Onboardnotationisneeded.5.ThedifferencesbetweenacleanB/LandadirtyB/L.CleanB/L:nowordsaboutthedefectiveconditionsofthegoodsorpackagingareprintedontheB/L.goodsareapparentgoodcondition.DirtyB/L:packagesareindamagedcondition.6.ThedifferencesbetweenashortformB/LandalongformB/L.LongformB/L:therearecontractclausesprintedonthebackofB/L.ShortformB/L:Nocontractclauses.7.ThefeaturesofanondeckB/L艙面提單andastaleB/L.DeckB/L:goodsareplacedonthedeckofshippingtransportation.Noacceptancetotheissuingbank.AstaleB/L:goodsarrivebeforethearrivalofshippingdocuments.TheshipmentdateislatterthanthatintheL/C.8.WhenabearerB/LoranorderB/Listransferred,whattypeofendorsementisneeded?Blank/restrictive/specialendorsement9.WhattypeofanorderB/Lbecomesafterablankendorsement/afteraspecialendorsement?BearerB/L(blankendorsement)OrderB/L(specialendorsement)Chapter51.Thetwowaystoexpresstheexchangeratebetweenanytwocurrencies.Directquotationandindirectquotation2.Underthedirectquotation,whenaforeigncurrencybecomesexpensive/lessexpensive,willthebuyingandsellingratebeupordown?Expensive------uplessexpensive-------down2.Undertheindirectquotation,whenaforeigncurrencybecomesexpensive/lessexpensive,willthebuyingandsellingratebeupordown?Expensive------downlessexpensive-------up3.Thecurrencieswhichexportersshouldchoose/avoidasthecontractcurrency.Choosethecurrencythatwillbecomestronger.Avoidthecurrencythatwillbecomeweaker.4.Thecurrencieswhichimportersshouldchoose/avoidasthecontractcurrency.Choosethecurrencythatwillbecomeweaker.Avoidthecurrencythatwillbecomestronger5.ThemethodsofquotationforforeigncurrenciesinChina,theU.K.andtheU.S.InChina---------directquotationTheU.KandtheU.S.----------indirectquotation6.The3conditionsforaproposaltobecomeanoffer.(1)Beaddressedtooneormorespecificperson(2)Besufficientlydefine(3)Indicatetheintentionoftheoffertobeboundincaseofacceptance1.Thethreepartiestoadraft.Drawer----payee-----drawee/payer2.ThedefinitionofabillofexchangeAnunconditionalorderinwritingsignedbyonpartyrequestingasecondpartytomakepaymentinlawfulmoneyimmediatelyoratadeterminablefuturetimetoathirdparty.3.Ininternationaltrade,whoisusuallythedrawer,thedraweeandthepayeeofadraft?Seller--------drawerandpayeeBuyer--------drawee4.Thedifferencesbetweenabanker’sdraftandacommercialdraft.Abanker’sdraftisdrawnbyonebankonanotherbank.Itisusedinsettlingpaymentobligationsbetweenbanks.Acommercialbankisdrawnbyafirmoraexporter.Thedraweecanbeafirm,anexporterorabank.5.Thedifferencesbetweenasightdraftandatimedraft.Sightdraftispayableonpresentation.Thedraweeshouldimmediatelypaytheamountonthedraftdrawnbyhim.Atimedraftispayableinaspecifiednumberofdays,After1)itsdateofissuing2)itsdateofacceptance3)itsdateofL/Coratafixedfuturedate.6.Theproceduresfortheoperationofasightdraftandatimedraft.Asightdraft:insurance------presentation-------paymentAtimedraft:insurance---presentation---acceptance---representation----payment7.Foradishonoredbill,whatmusttheholderobtaintoexercisehisrightofrecourse?A“certificateofprotest“fromanotarypublic,alawcourtorotherinstitutionsthathavebeenauthorizedbylawtoissuesuchacertificatetocertifythedishonoredofthedraft.8.ThemeaningsofM/T/,T/TandD/DinEnglishandChinese.M/T:mailtransfer信匯T/T:telegraphictransfer電匯D/D:abanker’sdemanddraft票匯9.Thedefinitionofadocumentarycredit.跟單信用證Itisaconditionalbankundertakingorguaranteeofpayment.10.The4basicpartiestoaletterofcredit.Applicant/beneficiary/issuingbank/advisingbankThefeaturesofanrevocable/irrevocablecredit,confirmed/unconfirmedcredit.Revocablecreditistheonethatmaybeamendedorcancelledbytheissuingbankatanytimewithoutpriornoticetothebeneficiarybeforethedocumentshavebeenpaid,acceptedandnegotiated.Irrevocablecreditisonethatcannotbeamendedorcancelledwithoutthepermissionofallparties.Confirmedcredithasthecommitmentoftheconfirmingbankbesidesthatoftheissuingbank.Theconfirmingbankguaranteesthepaymentandthesellerhasdoubleassuranceofpaymentandisbetterprotected.Unconfirmedcredithascommitmentoftheissuingbankonly.Thereisonundertakingonthepartofadvisingbankoranyotherbank.11.Isadraftusuallyrequiredunderasightpayment,negotiation,acceptanceanddeferredpaymentcredit?Ifyes,whattypeofdraftisneeded?Sightpayment---(sometimesneeded)sightdraftNegotiation----(must)sightdraftortimedraftAcceptance---(must)timedraftDeferred---(noneed)12.Isasightpayment/negotiation/acceptance/deferredpaymentL/Casightcreditoratimecredit?Sightpayment-----asightcreditNegotiation-----atimecreditorsightdraftAcceptance----atimedraftDeferred-----atimedraft13.InanL/C,whichpartyofacontractisusuallytheapplicantorthebeneficiary?Applicant----buyerbeneficiary---seller14.ThemeaningofnegotiationinanL/C.Negotiationmeansthegivingofvaluefordraftsand/ordocumentsbythebankauthorizedtonegotiate.15.Canthenegotiatingbankreservestherightofrecoursetothebeneficiaryafterithasnegotiatedthedocuments?Yes16.WhenatransferableL/Cistransferredtotheactualsupplier,whatitemsarelikelytobechanged?Creditamount/unitprice/expirydate/timeofshipment/insuredamount17.TherelationshipbetweenthemiddlemanandtheactualsupplierinatransferableL/C.Applicantandbeneficiary18.Underwhatcircumstanceabacktobackcreditisused?Whenthetransferredcreditcannotbeused.19.Therelationshipbetweenthemiddlemanandtheactualsupplierinabacktobackcredit.Applicantandbeneficiary20.Thefeaturesofared-clausecredit/revolvingcredit.Red-clausecredit:istheonewithaclausethatauthorizedtheadvisingbankmakecleanadvancedpaymenttothebeneficiary.Revolvingcredit:isonethatisissuedforaspecificamountwhichrenewsitselfforthesameamountoveragivenperiod.Chapter7Whatdonaturalcalamitiesrefertoinoceanmarineinsurance?Heavyweather/lightening/tsunami/washingoverboard/floodandvolcanicexplosion.Whatdofortuitousaccidentsrefertoinoceanmarineinsurance?Carryingvesselbeinggrounded,stranded,sunkorincollisionwithfloatingiceorotherobjects,fireandexplosion.Whatdoextraneousrisksincludeinoceanmarineinsurance?Theft,pilferage,freshandrainwater,short-deliverandnon-delivery,leakag