新視野大學(xué)英語第二版第三單元單詞詳解

Unit3-SectionAWordsandExpressionsleanvi.1.beagainstawallorothersurface倚,靠Thereisaladderleaningagainstthewall.有ー架梯子靠在墻上。TheoldmanleaninguponhisstickatthegateisJohn'sgrandfather.那位在大門邊倚著拐杖的老人是約翰的祖父。2.bendinacertaindirection傾斜?傾向,偏向Don'tleanoutofthewindowwhenthebusismoving.公共汽車開出時(shí),別把身子探出窗外。Justleanforwardforamoment,please.請(qǐng)向前靠一會(huì)兒。balancen.1.[U]mentaloremotionalcalm平靜,鎮(zhèn)靜Shesoonrecoveredherbalanceaftershelosthertemper.她發(fā)脾氣后不久就恢復(fù)了平靜。Hiswifehelpedhimkeephisbalanceduringdifficulttimes.他的妻子在他困難時(shí)候幫助他保持沉著心態(tài)。2.[U]astateinwhichallweightsandforcesareevenlyspreadsoasnottofall平衡,均衡Horseridersneedagoodsenseofbalance.騎馬的人需要有良好的平衡感。It'sdifficulttokeepone'sbalanceonanicystreet.在結(jié)冰的街道上保持平衡是不容易的。v.（causeto）beevenandkeepinbalance（使）平衡,（使）均衡Whenyourideabicycleyoumustlearntobalance.騎自行車必須學(xué)會(huì)保持平衡。Balancingmycupofcoffeeinonehand,Imanagedtoopenthedoor.我拿穩(wěn)手中的咖啡杯,設(shè)法打開了門。vt.considerinrelationtosth.else;compare權(quán)衡?比較Youhavetobalancethepositivepointsoflivinginabigcityagainstthenegativeones.你必須權(quán)衡居住在大城市的利弊。Theybalancedtheprofitandlosstoseewhathadbeengained.他們比較盈虧情況,看看賺了多少。severea.1.verybadorserious惡劣的,嚴(yán)重的:劇烈的Sheissufferingfromasevereheadache.她頭疼得厲害。Thedryseasonisbecomingmoreandmoresevere.旱災(zāi)日益嚴(yán)重。2.strictorhardinthinkingortreatment嚴(yán)格的，嚴(yán)肅的,嚴(yán)厲的Drugdealersfaceaseverepunishment.販毒者會(huì)受到嚴(yán)厲的懲罰。Thepresidentcameunderseverecriticismforthenewtaxpolicy.新的稅收政策使總統(tǒng)受到嚴(yán)厲抨擊。severelyad.inastrictway嚴(yán)重地;嚴(yán)格地,嚴(yán)厲地Thehousewasseverelydamagedinthehurricane.房屋在颶風(fēng)中遭受嚴(yán)重?fù)p壞。Mymotherwassufferingseverelyfromacold.我母親正患重感冒。cripplevt.makesb.unabletowalkormoveproperly使跛,使殘廢Hewascrippledinanaccident.他在ー次事故中變成了殘廢。Hehasbeencrippledwithpain.他感覺很疼,走路ー痛ー拐。n.[C]sb.whoisphysicallydisabled,esp.unabletowalk跛子,摘子Thoughheisacripple,hesupportshisfamilybyworkinghard.雖然腿腳不便,他還是努力干活養(yǎng)家。Shehasgonefrombeingahealthyyoungwomantobeingacripple.她從ー個(gè)健康的年輕女子變成了殘疾人。inwarda.1.locatedwithin;inside,hemindorspirit在內(nèi)的,內(nèi)部的（尤指頭腦中、精神上）inwarddoubts內(nèi)心的懷疑Hehelpedotherstoachieveinwardpeace.他幫助別人以獲得自己內(nèi)心的平靜。2.goingtowardtheinside向內(nèi)的aninwardcurve向內(nèi)的弧線aninwardmovement向內(nèi)移動(dòng)inwardlyad.inmindorspirit內(nèi)心（或精神）方面Shewasinwardlysadbutshewouldnotsayanythingaboutit.她內(nèi)心痛苦,卻不會(huì)在言辭中表現(xiàn)出來。Shehateshiminwardly.她從心底恨他。bothervt.makesb.feelworriedorupset使苦惱Whatbothersmemostismyinabilitytokeepupwithothers.令我煩心的是我跟不上其他人。Hisrudenessbothersme.我討厭他的粗魯。vi.makeanefforttodosth.盡力，費(fèi)心Fewpeopleeverbotheredtotalktohim.很少有人費(fèi)心和他講話。Ineverbothertoironmyshirts,sothey'reoftenabitwrinkled.我從不愿意花精力去熨襯衣,所以它們常常有點(diǎn)皺。coordinatevt.causedifferentparts,bodyparts,etc.toworktogetherverywell使協(xié)調(diào)Theplanwasnotverywellcoordinated.那項(xiàng)計(jì)劃協(xié)調(diào)得不好。Wemustcoordinateoureffortstohelppeoplewhohavebeenaffectedbytheflood.我們必須齊心協(xié)カ去幫助遭受水災(zāi)的災(zāi)民。haltv.stop暫停,中斷,中止Theprojecthaltedforlackoffund.那個(gè)項(xiàng)目因缺乏資金而停了下來。Noonecanhalttheadvanceofhistory.誰也阻擋不了歷史的前進(jìn)。n.[sing.]astoporpause暫停,中斷,中止Thecarcametoahaltintimetopreventanaccident.汽車及時(shí)剎住,避免了一場(chǎng)事故。Productionwasbroughttoahaltbyastrike.由于罷エ,生產(chǎn)停頓了。impatienta.1.easilyannoyed;notpatient不耐煩的,沒有耐心的Don'tbesoimpatient!Thebuswillbeheresoon.別這樣不耐煩!公共汽車很快就來。You'retooimpatientwithher.She'sonlyachild.你對(duì)她太沒耐心了,她還只是個(gè)孩子。veryeagertodosth.orforsth.tohappen;anxious急切的，渴望的Theywerealreadyimpatienttotry.他們已經(jīng)迫不及待,躍躍欲試了。Manybusinessstudentsareimpatienttobecomemanagers.許多商科學(xué)生急切地想成為經(jīng)理。pacen.1.[sing.]speedofwalkingorrunning步速;走（跑）的速度Theyquickenedtheirpaceastheyapproachedtheircars.他們接近汽車時(shí)加快了步伐。ShesloweddownherpacesoIcouldkeepupwithher.她放慢了速度,以便我能跟上她。2.[sing.]thespeedatwhichsth.happens速度,速率;節(jié)奏Thepaceofchangeinthecomputerindustryisveryfast.計(jì)算機(jī)エ業(yè)發(fā)展變化速度很快。Ilikethepaceoflifeinthecity.我喜歡這個(gè)城市的生活節(jié)奏。vi.walkwithslow,regular,evensteps踱步，慢步走Thepolicemanpacedupanddownthestreet.警察在街上踱來踱去。Sarahpacedbackandforthinthehallway,waitingforthedoctortocomeback.莎拉沿著走廊走來走去,等醫(yī)生回來。adjustv.(to)becomeormakesuited(tonewconditions)(使)適應(yīng)Theformersoldiershaddifficultyinadjustingtoordinarylife.退役軍人難以適應(yīng)普通人的生活。Thebodyquicklyadjustsitselftochangesintemperature.人體能很快自行調(diào)節(jié)以適應(yīng)氣溫變化。subwayn.1.[C](AmE)arailwayunderthegroundinacity地鐵Hetravelstoworkbysubwayeveryday.他每天乘地鐵上班。Idon'tridethesubwaylateatnight.夜間太晚時(shí)我不乘地鐵。[C](BrE)apathforwalkingunderaroadorrailway地卜通道,人行隧道Thesubwaytotheothersideoftheroadwasunderrepair.過街地下通道正在維修。Peopleareadvisedtowalkthroughasubwaytocrossastreet.人們過馬路時(shí)應(yīng)走地下通道。despiteprep,inspiteof盡管,不管Theyhadawonderfulholidaydespitethebadweather.盡管天氣不好,他們的假日仍然過得很愉快。Despitethefactthatshewantstoseehim,sheturneddownhisinvitation.盡管想看到他,她還是拒絕了他的邀請(qǐng)。nastya.1.unpleasant;horrible;disgusting令人不快的,令人厭惡的Shecouldneverforgetthatnastysight.她永遠(yuǎn)也忘不了那令人作嘔的情景。I'msogladyoudidn'tgetthatnastyflu.你沒染上那討厭的感冒,我很高興。2.unkind不友善的，惡意的Whatanastyman!真是個(gè)不懷好意的人!Don'tbenastytoyourlittlebrother.不要對(duì)你的小弟弟太刻薄。wagonn.1.[C]akindofcartforchildren兒童手推車Theimportedwagoncosttwenty-fivedollarsattheshoppingmall.進(jìn)ロ兒道手推車在大賣場(chǎng)售價(jià)25美元。Thepaperboyusedawagontohelphimmakehisdeliveries.報(bào)童用手推車幫他發(fā)送貨物。2.[C]afour-wheeledboxforcarryingheavyloads,pulledbyhorsesoroxen四輪運(yùn)貨馬(牛)車Thewagonwasoncethemajormeansoftravelforpeopleinsomecountries.在有些國家,四輪馬車曾是主要的交通工具。ThefirstwhitesettlerstraveledacrossAmericainwagons.第一批白人定居者橫跨美洲大陸時(shí)乘的是四輪馬車。clingvi.(clung,clung).(to)holdsb.orsth.tightly抱住,抓緊Thepassengerswereclingingtoalifeboatandwaitingforarescue.乘客們緊緊抓住救生筏,等待救援。Theyclungtoeachotherastheysaidgoodbye.他們告別時(shí)緊緊相擁。.(to)continuetobelieveordosth.堅(jiān)持,忠于Heclungtohisownidea.他堅(jiān)持自己的觀點(diǎn)。Sheclungtothehopethathewasstillalive.她仍希冀他還活著。rail[C]abarthatisfixedalongoraroundsth.欄桿，護(hù)欄Theybuiltwoodenrailsinfrontofagarden.他們?cè)诨▓@前裝了木制圍欄。Holdtherailforsafetywhilecomingdownthesteps.下臺(tái)階時(shí),抓住欄桿以確保安全。handrail[C]alongbarthatisfixedtothesideofstairsforpeopletoholdwhilewalkingupanddown(樓梯等的)扶手,欄桿Theoldmanwalkedupthestairswiththehelpofthehandrail.老人扶著欄桿上樓。Theboysliddownthehandrail.那個(gè)男孩順著樓梯扶手滑了下來。tunnel[C]apassageunderthegrounddugforcars,trains,etc.togothrough隧道Therailwaytunnelrunsonekilometer'.這個(gè)鐵路隧道長(zhǎng)一公里。Theprisonersdugatunnelundertheirprisonandtriedtoescape.犯人們?cè)诶畏康紫峦诹艘粭l地道試圖逃跑。amazevt.surprisesb.greatly使驚異;使驚訝Heamazedeveryonebypassinghisdrivingtest.他通過了駕照考試,讓大家非常驚訝。Wewereamazedatthechangeinhowhelooked.我們對(duì)他外表的改變感到驚訝。subjectvt.(to)causetoexperiencesth.unpleasant使遭受(痛苦等),使蒙受Idon'twanttosubjectyoutoanyinconvenience.我不想給你帶來任何不便。WeChinesepeoplewillneversubjectourselvestoanyforeignrule.我們中國人民決不愿意受外人統(tǒng)治。stressn.1.[C,UJcontinuousfeelingsofworry持續(xù)的壓カ,憂慮,緊張Hesufferedfromgreatstress.他受到很大壓カ。Heseemedusedtothestressesandstrainsofmodernlife.他好像很習(xí)慣現(xiàn)代生活的緊張和壓カ。2.[U]specialattentionorimportance強(qiáng)調(diào),重視Hefeelsthatthereisnotenoughstressondrawingattheschool.他認(rèn)為學(xué)校對(duì)繪畫重視不夠。Inmostmusiccolleges,particularstressisplacedupontechniqueratherthanstyle.大多數(shù)音樂學(xué)院都特別強(qiáng)調(diào)培養(yǎng)技巧而非風(fēng)格。vt.giveparticularimportanceto強(qiáng)調(diào),重視Hestressedtheneedofcarefulplanning.他強(qiáng)調(diào)要精心計(jì)劃。Itshouldbestressedthattheclerkhasdoneanexcellentjobforover10yearsanddeservesahigherpositioninthiscompany.應(yīng)該強(qiáng)調(diào)的是那位職員十多年來表現(xiàn)卓越,理應(yīng)在公司獲得更髙的職位。complaintn.[C,U]plainsaboutsth.投訴;忌見Theroadworkscausedmuchcomplaintamonglocalneighbors.修路工程使當(dāng)?shù)鼐用窠锌噙B天。We'vereceivedmanycomplaintsaboutgoodsquality.我們收到了不少關(guān)于有關(guān)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量的投訴。envyn.1.[U]thefeelingofwantingsth.thatsb.elsehas妒忌;羨慕Hecouldn'thidehisenvyatmysuccess.他無法掩飾對(duì)我成功的妒忌。Hisnewcarexcitedtheirenvy.他的新車令他們很羨慕。2.[U]objectofenvy妒忌的對(duì)象,羨慕的目標(biāo)Mynewofficewastheenvyoftheentirestaff.全體職エ都很羨慕我的新辦公室。Thehappinessthatwenowenjoyistheenvyofallwhoknowus.所有認(rèn)識(shí)我們的人都羨慕我們的幸福生活。vt.havetheunhappyfeelingofwantingsth.thatsb.elsehas羨慕;妒忌Ihavealwaysenviedyourgoodluck.我一直羨慕你運(yùn)氣好。Heenviedhisbrotherforhissuccess.他很妒忌他弟弟取得的成就。ownern.[C]apersontowhomsth.belongs物主,所有人Shewastheownerofthebar.她是這家酒吧的老板。Who'stheownerofthishouse?這房子的主人是誰?precisea.exact,clearandcorrect精確的;準(zhǔn)確的Whatistheprecisemeaningofthisword?這個(gè)詞的確切含義是什么?Thenumberofthepeoplewhocanattendthemeetingmustbeprecise.能參會(huì)的人數(shù)必須精確。preciselyad.exactly;just準(zhǔn)確地,精確地Ican'trememberpreciselywhathappened.我記不清確切發(fā)生了什么事。Thetworeportsarepreciselythesame.兩個(gè)報(bào)告ー模ー樣。engagevi.(in)takepartinorbeinvolvedinsth.參與,參加Ihavenotimetoengageinregularexercises.我沒有時(shí)間經(jīng)常參加鍛煉。Heisengagedinbusiness.他是經(jīng)商的。vt.1.employsb.todoaparticularjob雇用,聘用Shewasengagedasateacher.她被聘作教師。He'sbeenengagedtopaintthehouse.他被雇來粉刷這幢房子。attractsb.'sattentionandkeeptheminterested使全神貫注;引起注意Nothingengageshisattentionforlong.什么也不能長(zhǎng)時(shí)間地吸引住他的注意力。Onlinegamesengagedhisinterest.網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲引起了他的興趣。locala.belongingtoaparticularplaceordistrict地方的,當(dāng)?shù)氐?本地的Sheisalocalgirlandhaslivedhereherentirelife.她是個(gè)本地姑娘,至今一直住在這里。Followingthenationalnewswehavethelocalnewsandweather.國內(nèi)新聞之后,我們播報(bào)本地新聞和天氣預(yù)報(bào)。n.[C]sb.wholivesintheplacetalkedabout當(dāng)?shù)厝薚henewtheatreattractscrowdsoftouristsandlocalsalike.新落成的劇院吸引了大批的游客和當(dāng)?shù)厝藖韰⒂^。Iaskedoneofthelocalswhichwaytogototherailwaystation.我問ー個(gè)當(dāng)?shù)厝巳セ疖囌驹撛趺醋?。knowledgeablea.knowingalot知識(shí)淵博的He'sveryknowledgeableaboutpaintings.他很懂油畫。Mysisterisaknowledgeableprofessor.我姐姐是個(gè)知識(shí)淵博的人。occasionn.1.[C]atimeatwhichsth.happens（事件發(fā)生的）時(shí)刻,時(shí)機(jī)Thereareoccasionsthatyoumustnotrefuse.有些時(shí)候你絕對(duì)不能拒絕。I'vemethimonseveraloccasions.我曾經(jīng)見過他幾次。2.[sing.]asuitableorrighttime（適當(dāng)?shù)模r(shí)機(jī),機(jī)會(huì)Thisisnotanoccasionforfunandgames.這可不是尋開心的時(shí)候。I'llbuyoneiftheoccasionarises.如果有機(jī)會(huì)我就會(huì)買一個(gè)。punchvt.1.hithardwiththefist用拳猛擊Hepunchedtheyoungmanintheface.他用拳猛擊那個(gè)年輕人的臉。Thegoalkeeperpunchedawayanothershot.足球守門員用拳擋開了又一次射門。2.makeaholeinsth.usingametaltool扌丁孑しTheticketcollectorpunchedmyticket.檢票員在我的票上打了個(gè)孔。Thebulletcanpunchaholethroughasteelplate.這種子彈能穿透鋼板。shovev.pushroughly推擠,推撞Attheentrancetothecinematherewasacrowdpushingandshovingtogetin.在電影院門口有一群人,連推帶擠地要進(jìn)去。Heshovedheroutoftheway.他把她推到了一邊。contenta.satisfiedandhappy滿足的,滿意的Sheisnotcontentwithherlifeinthecity.她不滿意自己在城里的生活。Johnseemscontenttositinfrontofthetelevisionallnight.約翰似乎滿足于整晚坐在電視機(jī)前,無所事事。aidvt.givehelporsupport幫助,援助Weweregreatlyaidedinourinvestigationbythepolice.警方對(duì)我們的調(diào)查幫助很大。Increasedinternationaltradehasaidedthecountry'seconomicrecovery.該國經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇得益于對(duì)外貿(mào)易的增長(zhǎng)。n.[U]help幫助,援助Theyprovidefreelegalaid.他們無償提供法律援助。Shecamequicklytohisaid.她急忙趕來尋求他的幫助。unaideda.withouthelp無助的;獨(dú)立的Shewastryingtoachievehergoalbyherunaidedefforts.她試圖憑自己的努力達(dá)到目標(biāo)。Heisunabletowalkunaided.他不能獨(dú)立行走。kidv.makejokesaboutsb.inafriendlyway開玩笑Don'tbeangry.Hewasjustkidding.別生氣,他只是開玩笑而已。Otherchildrenwouldkidhimabouthisheight.其他孩子拿他的身髙開玩笑。urgevt.stronglysuggestthatsb.doessth.竭カ勸告;敦促Heurgedustogorightaway.他力勸我們馬上就走。Themanagerurgedhisstaffontogreaterefforts.經(jīng)理督促全體職員更加努力。n.[CJastrongwishorneed強(qiáng)烈愿望,迫切需求Ihadasuddenurgetotellthebossthewholetruth.我突然產(chǎn)生一種強(qiáng)烈愿望,想把全部真相告訴老板。Hecouldnolongerresisttheurgetogoandseehisson.他再也控制不住去看兒子的強(qiáng)烈愿望。diven.1.[C]theactofpretendingtobestruckdowntothegroundinboxing（拳擊中）假裝被擊倒Takingadiveisbecomingincreasinglycommoninboxing.假裝被擊倒在拳擊比賽中越來越常見。Ioncemetafighterwhotookadivebecausesb.hadofferedhimmoney.我見過ー個(gè)拳擊手因?yàn)橛腥顺鲥X收買而假裝被對(duì)手擊倒。2.[C]anactofjumpingintowaterwithheadandarmsgoinginfirst鼠K水,潛水Hemadeadivefromthebridgetosavethechildwhohadfallenintotheriver.他從橋I:跳進(jìn)水里.去搶救落水兒童。Hisdiveswereworthyofgoldmedalsinanyotheryearbutthisone.除了今年之外,他的跳水表現(xiàn)可以在其他任何年獲得金牌。vi.jumpintowaterwithheadandarmsgoinginfirst跳水，潛水Shestoodattheedgeofthepoolreadytodive.她站在池邊,準(zhǔn)備跳水。Thebirddivedintothewatertocatchthefish.那只鳥潛入水中去捕魚。reluctancen.[U]unwillingnesstodosth.不愿,勉強(qiáng)Sheshowedreluctance,butfinallyacceptedourinterview.她不太情愿,但最后還是接受了我們的采訪。Heleftuswithsomereluctance.他不情愿地離開了我們。worthya.1.deservingrespect值得尊敬的;高尚的Thegirlisreallyaworthyopponent.這個(gè)女孩真的是個(gè)值得尊敬的對(duì)手。Heisworthytoreceivesuchhonor.他應(yīng)該得到這種榮譽(yù)。(of)deservingsth.值得的,應(yīng)得的Theireffortsareworthyofyoursupport.他們的努力值得你們的支持。Shesaidthatshewasnotworthyofthehonortheyhadofferedher.她說她不配接受他們所給予的榮譽(yù)。unworthya.nothonestormorallywrong不誠實(shí)的;卑鄙的Triflesareunworthyofyourattention.瑣事不值得你勞神。Iamunworthyofsuchanhonor.我不配獲得這樣的榮譽(yù)。regretvt.feelsorryaboutsth.onehasdone后悔;遺憾Lawrenceregrettedhischoice.勞倫斯后悔自己的選擇。Iregretnothavingtakenyouradvice.我后悔沒聽從您的勸告。n.[U]afeelingofsadnessaboutsth.thathashappened后悔;遺憾Robertneversufferedanyregretforwhathehaddone.羅伯特從不為自己已干的事后悔。Muchtomyregret,Ican'tacceptyourinvitation.很遺憾,我不能接受你的邀請(qǐng)。complainv.saythatoneisnotsatisfiedwithsth,抱怨,訴苦Shecomplainedtomeabouthisbadmanners.她向我抱怨他的粗暴無禮。Hecomplainedthatheneverhadtimetohaveaholiday.他抱怨總沒時(shí)間去度假。triflen.[C]sth.thathaslittlevalueorimportance無價(jià)值的東西;瑣事It'ssillytoquarrelovertrifles.為小事而爭(zhēng)吵是愚蠢的。Householdtriflestookupmuchofhertime.家庭瑣事占了她很多時(shí)間。enviousa.(of)wantingsth.thatsb.elsehas妒忌的,羨慕的Shethrewenviousglancesathersister'sdress.她羨慕地看了幾眼她姐姐的那套衣服。Hewasenviousofhisbrother'ssuccess.他很羨慕他弟弟的成功。leanondependon依靠Theyleanoneachotherforsupport.他們互相依靠,互相支持。Youshouldnotalwaysleanonothersforhelp.你別總靠他人來幫你。growupdevelopfrombeingachildtobeinganadult成長(zhǎng),長(zhǎng)大Whatdoyouwanttobewhenyougrowup?你長(zhǎng)大后想做什么?Hegrowupinthecountryside.他是在農(nóng)村長(zhǎng)大的。letontellsb.sth.,esp.sth.thathasbeenkeptsecret泄露,透露Sheneverletonshewasmarried.她從不透露她已經(jīng)結(jié)婚。Heknewwherehisbrotherwasgoing,buthedidn'tleton.他知道他哥哥去哪里了,但是他不露聲色。startoutbegingoings