議論類文章閱讀同步（初）-英語語法

英語議論類文章閱讀同步（初）知識(shí)定位閱讀無論在什么類型的考試中所占比分永遠(yuǎn)是最大的,把閱讀做好也就是成功了一半。然而要做好閱讀,特別是中考的閱讀,首先需要積累一定的詞匯量,其次需要一定的解題方法。中考閱讀理解多是記敘文，也會(huì)有一定數(shù)量的說明文和議論文。考生需要對各種不同的體裁都要有一定的了解,并掌握相應(yīng)的解題方法。知識(shí)梳理議論文是ー種通過"剖析事物,論述事理,團(tuán)出主張,發(fā)表見解”的文體。議論文的三要素是論點(diǎn)（作者的觀點(diǎn)，也就是被證明的對象）、論據(jù)（用來證明論點(diǎn)的依據(jù),是說明論點(diǎn)的理由和材料）和論證（運(yùn)用論據(jù)證明論點(diǎn)的過程與方法）。髙考議論型短文分為兩種,一種是夾敘夾議型短文;另ー種是純議論型短文。第一種的基本模式是:敘述事件,回出感悟,作出結(jié)論。第二種的基本模式是:回出問題今分析問題今解決問題。純議論型短文有以下特點(diǎn)：⑴鮮明的觀點(diǎn)。ー開始就旗幟鮮明，挑明主題（thesis）,一般來說每一段的第一句一般都是topsentence,然后再逐步展開。⑵合理的論證。團(tuán)出相關(guān)的理由來有力地支持自己的觀點(diǎn)。這些理由旨在回答ー個(gè)基本問題,即:Whydoyouthinkso?團(tuán)倡引用統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字和事例來作證。⑶推理的條理性和邏輯性。有時(shí)會(huì)較多地使用這類性質(zhì)的過渡詞和連接詞。推斷題解題技巧:推斷隱含意義的團(tuán)問方式:Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat?Accordingt〇…，wecaninferthat?Fromthetextweknowthat...ismostlikely.Whenthewritertalksabout???,whatthewriterreallymeansis,Thewritersuggeststhat,Thestoryimpliesthat?Wecaninfer[conclude]fromthepassagethat.二:推斷題特征推斷題題干中的標(biāo)志詞有infer,imply,possible,probable等,它在某種程度上與細(xì)節(jié)題類似。它考察的內(nèi)容屬于原文細(xì)節(jié),但是它要求考生在原文的基礎(chǔ)上對文章信息進(jìn)行分析、理解。考生不僅需要讀懂原文,而且還要理解作者的弦外之音。所以推斷題解題應(yīng)注意兩點(diǎn):三:如何推斷寫作目的子知識(shí)點(diǎn)ー:團(tuán)問方式考查整篇文章的寫作目的ThewriterwritesthispassageinordertoThewriterspurposeofwritingthispassageisto.Whatisthepurposeofwritingthisarticle?Inwritingthepassage,theauthorintendsto.子知識(shí)點(diǎn)二:考查某處細(xì)節(jié)的寫作意圖Thewriterusestheexampleof...toshowthat.Thewriterusesthetwoquestionsatthebeginningofthepassageto....arementionedinthefirstparagraphto.子知識(shí)點(diǎn)三:不同的文章可能有不同的寫作目的,但寫作目的通常以下三類toentertainreaders（娛樂讀者,讓人發(fā)笑）topersuadereaders（說服讀者接受某種觀點(diǎn)）toinformreaders（告知讀者某些信息）四:如何推斷作者觀點(diǎn)子知識(shí)點(diǎn)ー:常見團(tuán)問方式Thewriter'sattitudetoward is.Thewriterthoughtthat.Accordingtotheauthor.子知識(shí)點(diǎn)二:此類試題的干擾項(xiàng)通常具有以下特點(diǎn)自己的某種看法或觀點(diǎn),或是社會(huì)的一種普遍種傾與本文無關(guān)或與作者相反的觀點(diǎn)或看法等文章中直接用于表達(dá)細(xì)節(jié)的信息,或是文章中無關(guān)緊要或片面推出的結(jié)論與文章內(nèi)容完全相反的結(jié)論,或是不合常理或不合邏輯的結(jié)論等五:推斷題建議要全面分析所有相關(guān)信息,切忌片面思考,得出片面結(jié)論是要忠實(shí)原文,切忌脫離原文,憑空臆斷是注意不要選擇表層信息答案,應(yīng)該立足由已知推斷未知細(xì)節(jié)題解題技巧:常見回問方式細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)類題型多種多樣,但有一些常見的方式:Whatcauses ?Whatisspecialabout...?Whydoesthewriter....?Itcanbeseenfromthispassagethat ?Whichofthefollowingismentionedinthepassage?Whichofthefollowingstatementis(NOT)true?ThewritermentionsallofthefollowingEXCEPT.Accordingtothepassagewho(when,where,what,whose,how)...Thereasonfor...is.二:辨析細(xì)節(jié)題正確選項(xiàng)注意點(diǎn).對原文句子中的關(guān)鍵詞進(jìn)行替換。把原文中的一些詞換成意義相近的詞,成為正確選項(xiàng)。.詞性或者語態(tài)的變化。把原文中的ー些詞變換ー下詞性,或者改變原文句子的語態(tài),給考生制造障礙。.語言簡化。把原文中的復(fù)雜語言現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行簡化,成為正確答案。.正話反說。把原文中的意思反過來表達(dá)而成為正確選項(xiàng)。三:具有干擾作用的錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)的特征.將原文內(nèi)容擴(kuò)大或縮小。把原文中的限定詞去掉或替換,使該選項(xiàng)看似正確,實(shí)際上卻是錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)。.把未然當(dāng)已然。改變文中某句話的時(shí)態(tài),如把將來時(shí)變成現(xiàn)在時(shí),把未發(fā)生的事情當(dāng)成已發(fā)生的事情。.無中生有。即選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容是根據(jù)主觀想象或推測得出的結(jié)論,而文中并未涉及。偷換概念。把原來做該事的“張三”換成“李四”,所述細(xì)節(jié)確實(shí)與原文一致,ー不小心就會(huì)誤選。.文不對題。這類題最不容易辨別，選項(xiàng)中的離與原文完全一致,確屬原文中的ー個(gè)細(xì)節(jié),3這時(shí)要回到題干,看該選項(xiàng)是否能回答題干所團(tuán)的問題。四:具體解題步驟.排除干擾項(xiàng),突出主題。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題的設(shè)計(jì)干擾項(xiàng)一般都是某一細(xì)節(jié)的錯(cuò)誤敘述與論斷,可先排除干擾項(xiàng)。作為命題內(nèi)容的細(xì)節(jié)一般總是短文的要點(diǎn)活主要論據(jù)。因此正確的選項(xiàng)往往與短文的主題密切相關(guān)。.按文章的體裁,作者寫作的組織模式及有關(guān)的信息詞,如forexample,first,second等預(yù)測應(yīng)該到何處尋找自己所需要的事實(shí)。.將自己精力放在尋找你所需要的細(xì)節(jié)上,快速通篇跳讀,眼睛自左至右,自上而下呈Z形掃視，直到找到細(xì)節(jié)出處，待找到含細(xì)節(jié)句子時(shí)，放慢速度,仔細(xì)核對比較內(nèi)容,直至找到答案。.注意識(shí)別指代詞語。為避免重復(fù),文章中對多次（2及的事物或現(xiàn)象會(huì)使用不同的詞語,如同義詞、近義詞、代詞等主旨題解題技巧:主旨題題目類型.概括文章大意.選出最佳題目（標(biāo)題）.概括人物特點(diǎn).識(shí)辨作者語氣、態(tài)度等二:主旨題的主要回問方式Whatismainlydiscussedinthispassage?Whatistheauthor'smainconcern?Themainideaofthispassagemaybebestexpressedas.Theselectioninformsusthat.Whichsentencecontainsastatementofthetheme?Thebesttitleforthispassagecouldbe.Thearticlewaswrittentoexplain.三:主旨題解題方法與步驟略讀法是理解全文大意的快速而有效的方法,略讀的關(guān)鍵是能抓住文章要點(diǎn)的前回下,以個(gè)人最快的速度閱讀,主要目的是盡快獲得足夠的信息以便準(zhǔn)確的回答問題,利用略讀法去做閱讀時(shí),要特別注意首尾兩段,要學(xué)會(huì)尋找文章段落的主題句,這是髙效省事地抓住段落要點(diǎn)的捷徑,同時(shí)也是準(zhǔn)確理解文章大意的有效途徑。.先看問題,看是否有和主旨相關(guān)的題目,了解題目類別和回問方式.再看文章首尾和各段開頭,找出主題句或通過瀏覽全文,抓住關(guān)鍵字眼,把握主旨.以掌握主旨為前即處理推斷作者語氣或意圖等其他深層次問題四:主旨題常見錯(cuò)誤.以偏蓋全。只是局部信息或者是一句沒有展開論述的話.過于籠統(tǒng)。即歸納的主題太寬泛，與細(xì)節(jié)脫節(jié)或者是沒有對細(xì)節(jié)加以充分論述.把觀點(diǎn)強(qiáng)加于作者。讀者往往根據(jù)自己的常識(shí)對文章進(jìn)行判斷而忽視了作者的見解.無關(guān)信息，即在文章中沒有回到或者是找不到語言依據(jù)的信息猜詞題解題技巧:A.利用上下文確定詞義通過上下文來猜測詞意是閱讀考試中最常用的重要手段之一，聯(lián)系上下文可以幫助我們理解句子，確定詞義。下面我們通過ー些實(shí)例來簡要說明如何通過上下文來確定詞義。例1：Heissuccessfulasabusinessmanbecauseofhisdynamicpersonality.Heseemstohaveunlimitedenergy.對于dynamicー詞大家可能不熟悉,下文的Heseemstohaveunlimitedenergy（他似乎有用不完的勁）就是對dynamic詞義的解釋。這樣,我們便知道該詞意為〃有干勁的〃。例2：Thetiredsoldierstrudgedthroughknee-deepmudforhoursbeforetheyfoundadryplacetosleep.4通過后面的throughknee.deepmud（沒膝深的泥漿）,我們知道trudgedー詞的意思為與行走這ー動(dòng)作有關(guān),在泥漿中行走,也就是"跋涉"。B,利用構(gòu)詞法確定詞義掌握英語構(gòu)詞法,是團(tuán)高閱讀速度的技巧之一。在很多情況下,通過構(gòu)詞分析,便能理解不認(rèn)識(shí)生詞的含義,不至于中斷閱讀。因此，應(yīng)當(dāng)有效地利用自己所熟悉的詞綴（包括前綴和后綴）和詞根,通過構(gòu)詞法來是確定生詞的含義。例1：Manycancershavebeenarrestedwiththeuseofchemotherapy.Chemotherapy是由chemo（意為chemical）和therapy（意為treatment）,整個(gè)單詞意思就是“化學(xué)療法”。例J2：Theyoverestimatetheinterviewee'sabilityandaskedhimmanydifficultquestions.overestimate=over（過分、過度）+estimate（估計(jì)）。因此overestimate的詞義可猜測為“過高估計(jì)"。C.利用語法知識(shí)確定詞義在很多情況下,各種語法知識(shí)可以幫助我們來判斷詞性、詞義。例J1：Fortheirfishingandhuntingthemenusedakayak,asmallboatforoneperson.利用同位語asmallboatforoneperson我們知道kayak是ー種單人小船。［列2：Ventilation,asweknow,isasystemormeansofprovidingfreshair.Itplaysaveryimportantpartinthefieldofengineering.通過后面的解釋我們知道Ventilation為〃通風(fēng),流通空氣〃之意。例3：Themodernageofmedicinebeganwiththestethoscope,aninstrumentforlisteningtoapatientsheartbeatandbreathing.Stethoscopeー詞大家都不熟悉,通過后面的同位語解釋aninstrumentforlisteningtoapatientsheartbeatandbreathing,我們便能理解stethoscope的確切詞義,即“聽診器〃或〃聽筒”的意思。D.根據(jù)同義、反義關(guān)系確定詞義閱讀中,特別是要注意表示反意的信號(hào)詞:incontrast,ontheotherhand,ratherthan,however,yet,although,while,unlike,but,whereas,asopposedto等,利用這些同義、反義關(guān)系,可以幫助我們確定詞義。例1：MysisterMarryisanoptimist,whileherboyfriendisonewhoisalwaysgloomyandexpectstheworsttohappen.從while的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系可知optimist意思是"onewhoexpectsthebest",即"樂觀的"。例2：Motherwastall,fat,andmiddleaged.Theprincipaloftheschoolwasanolderwoman,almostasplumpasMother,andmuchshorter.根據(jù)Motherwastall,fat以及后面asplumpas的同義關(guān)系,我們知道plump為"豐滿的"之意。例3：Sallylikedtoconcoctallsortsofstories,buthermotheralwaysknewwhenshewaslying.concoctー詞大家不熟悉,根據(jù)but的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系我們知道在此句中與waslying的含義大體相同,由此可知concoct的大概意思是“編造謊話"。E.利用邏輯推理和常識(shí)確定詞義有時(shí)候,邏輯推理和自身的生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)及普通常識(shí)能幫助我們確定詞義イ列1：Fishesliveinwaterandhavefinswhichhelpthemtoswim.Mostfisheshaveslimyskinscoveredwithscales,butinfishessuchaseelsthescalesareverysmallandcanhardlybeseen.憑常識(shí)我們不難猜出fins,slimy和scales的確切意思分別是"鰭〃、〃滑溜的〃和〃鱗對于eelsー詞,我們只需知道是fish的ー種（鰻類）就行了。例12：Notwantingtodisturbthesleepingkitten,Igingerlyliftedherfromtheboxandputheronablanketneartheheater.根據(jù)前半句的Notwantingtodisturb（不愿打擾）,我們便可大致推測出gingerlyー詞的含義:"小心翼翼地"。5例題精講【試題來源】【題目】Whatdoesitmeantobegreen?"Green"ismorethanjustacolor.Italsomeanstakingspecialstepstoprotecttheenvironment-thewater,theland,andtheairwebreathe.Whygreen?Plantsaregreen,andwithoutthemtheearthwouldn'tbesuchalovelyhomeforushumanbeings.Sometimespeoplecalloursa"throwawaysociety'*.Thatmeanswearealwaysthrowingawayoldthingsandbuyingnewones.Manytimes,ifyounolongerneedsomething,someoneelsejustmightneedit.Forexample,ifyourbrotherisoldenoughnottoplaywithhisplasticbike,whynotgiveittoanotherfamilywhohasalittlekidsothattheydon*tneedtobuyone?Andonelesslargeplastictoydoesn*tneedtobeproduced.Recycling（回收利用）hasneverbeeneasier.Manyorganizationwillpickituprightinfrontofyourhouseandsometownsevenrequire（要求）it?Tellyourmomordadyouwanttobecome"ChiefofMakesureyouencourageeveryoneinyourhousetothinkwhetherthingscanbereusedorrecycledbeforethey'rethrownaway.Almosteveryonelikestraveling.Butnexttimebeforeyoutravelaroundtheworld,takealookatyourownbackyard.Isthereaplacewhereyoucouldplantatreeorputinalittlefruitorvegetablegarden?Ifso,getthereandgetyourhandsdirty.Thenyoucanwatchwithprideasyourtreetakesroot,andyourgardenplantsgrowintobigplantsfullofripe,redtomatoesoftiny,juicyblueberries.Whoknewbeinggreenwouldtastesogood?【選項(xiàng)】Inthefirstparagraph,thewriterintroducesthetopicofthepassagebyA.tellinganinterestingstoryB.explainingtheword"green"C.givingsomespecialexamplesIna"throwaway"society,.A.peopleshouldn'tproduceanyplasticthingsB.peoplecangetanythingtheywantfromothersC.peoplealwaysthrowawaytheusedthingsandbuynewonesTobe"ChiefofRecycling",youshould.A.recyclethingsallbyyourselfB.askyourfamilytousetheoldthingsallthetimeC.findaplacetokeepthethingsthatcanberecycledYouareadvisedtorunafruitorvegetablegardeninorderto.A.createagreenenvironmentB.makealotofmoneyC.getyourhandsdirtyThepurposeofthepassageistotellusthat.A.wemustenjoythenatureB.wehadbettereatmoregreenfoodC.weshouldprotectourenvironment【答案】BCCAC【解析】.推理判斷題。題意:在第一段里,作者怎樣介紹短文的主題?A.tellinganinterestingstory講ー個(gè)有趣的故事;B.explainingtheword"green"解釋green的含義;C.givingsomespecialexamples舉ー些特殊的例子。根據(jù)短文第一段的:Whatdoesitmeantobegreen?可知本段是對green作解釋,故選B。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題意:在"亂扔"的社會(huì)里,人們怎樣?A.peopleshouldn'tproduceanyplasticthings人們不應(yīng)該生產(chǎn)任何塑料制品;B.peoplecangetanythingtheywantfromothers人們6可以從別人那兒得到自己想要的東西;C.peoplealwaysthrowawaytheusedthingsandbuynewones人們總是扔掉用過的東西并且購買新的。由第二段的第二句:Thatmeanswearealwaysthrowingawayoldthingsandbuyingnewones,可知,人們總是扔掉舊東西并且購買新的。故選Co.推理判斷題。題意:為了成為"回收的領(lǐng)袖”,你應(yīng)該怎么辦?A.recyclethingsallbyyourself親自回收所有的東西;B.askyourfamilytousetheoldthingsallthetime叫家人使用舊東西;C.findaplacetokeepthethingsthatcanberecycled找ー個(gè)地方保管那些可以被回收利用的東西。根據(jù)文中的:Nowthatyouknowwhatthingsyoucanrecycle,findaplacetokeepthem.可知知道哪些可以回收后,要找ー個(gè)地方來保管。故選Co.推理判斷題。題意:建議人們建一個(gè)水果或是蔬菜的園子是為了什么?A.createagreenenvironment建立綠色的環(huán)境;B.makealotofmoney多掙錢;C.getyourhandsdirty把手弄臟。根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,多種植可以保護(hù)環(huán)境,故選Ao.主旨大意題。題意：短文的主要目的是告訴我們什么?A.wemustenjoythenature我們必須享受大自然;B.wehadbettereatmoregreenfood我們最好多吃綠色食品;C.weshouldprotectourenvironment我們應(yīng)該保護(hù)環(huán)境。短文主要講述的是如何保護(hù)環(huán)境，故選Co【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】閱讀類文章同步（初）【適用場合】當(dāng)堂例題【難度系數(shù)】3【試題來源】【題目】Somepeoplebelievethatschoolswillnolongerbenecessaryinthenearfuture.TheysaidthatbecauseoftheInternetandothernewtechnology,thereisnolongeranyneedforschoolbuildings,classesorteachers.Perhapsthiswillbetrueoneday,butiftheworldhasnoschools,Ican'timagine（想像）howoursocietywillbe,Infact,weshouldlearnhowtousenewtechnologytomakeschoolsbetter.Weshouldinventanewkindofschoolthatislinkedtolibraries,museums,sciencecenters,labsandevencompanies.Technologicalcompaniesshouldcreate（倉リ造）learningprogramsforschools.ScientistsorprofessorscouldgivetalksthroughtheInternet.TVnetworksandlocalstationscoulddevelopprogramsaboutthingsstudentsareactuallystudyinginschool.LabscouldsetupwebsitestoshownewtechnologysostudentscouldseeitontheInternet.Isthisadream?No.Therearealreadymanycitieswherethisisbeginningtohappen.HerethewholecityislinkedtotheInternet,andlearningcantakeplaceathome,atschool,andintheoffice.Businessesprovideprogramsfortheschoolsandthesociety.Theschoolsprovidecomputerlabsforpeoplewithouttheirowncomputersathome.BecauseeveryonecanbeontheInternet,olderpeopleuseitasmuchasyoungerones.Andeveryonecanvisitdistant（遠(yuǎn)處的）librariesandmuseumsaseasilyasnearbyones.Howwillthisnewkindofschoolchangetheusualwayoflearning?Itistooearlytobesure,butitisveryexcitingtothinkaboutit.Technologywillchangethewaywelearn;schoolswillchangeaswell;andwewillalllearnsomethingfromtheInternet.【選項(xiàng)】Inthewriter'sopinion,.moreschoolsshouldbebuiltschoolsarenecessaryC.schoolsarenotnecessaryD.thereshouldbefewerschoolsWhatdoes〃anewkindofschool"mean?A.Anewlybuiltschool.B.Therearemanynewstudentsintheschool.C.Therearemanynewteachersintheschool.7D.Aschool,whichislinkedtoInternet.OntheInternet,you.A.canviewthenewtechnologyB.canseeeverythingexceptnewtechnologyC.CanlearneverythingD.candowhateveryoulikeWhichofthefollowingsentencesisNOTtrue?Theschoolsprovidecomputerlabsforthosewhohavenopersonalcomputers.Ifyouarenotastudent,youcannotviewthenewtechnologyontheInternet.OntheInternet,youcanvisitanothercity'slibraryaseasilyasthelocalpeople.Technologywillchangeourwayoflearning.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.InternetB.SchoolC.NewTechnologyD.willTechnologyTakethePlaceofSchools?【答案】BDDBA【解析】!細(xì)節(jié)理解題,iftheworldhasnoschools,Ican'timagine（想像）howoursocietywillbe;從這話話知道,作者的意思有學(xué)習(xí)是有必要的。故選B2細(xì)節(jié)理解題A.Anewlybuiltschool.新建筑的學(xué)校B.Therearemanynewstudentsintheschool.學(xué)校里有許多新學(xué)生C.Therearemanynewteachersintheschool.學(xué)校里有許多新老師D.Aschool,whichislinkedtoInternet.一所學(xué)校,它與互聯(lián)網(wǎng)相連根據(jù)短文的意思,知道D是新型的學(xué)校。故選Do3細(xì)節(jié)理解題根據(jù)短文知在網(wǎng)上你可以做你喜歡的任何事情。故選Do4細(xì)節(jié)理解題A.Theschoolsprovidecomputerlabsforthosewhohavenopersonalcomputers.他為那些沒有個(gè)人電腦的人!3供計(jì)算機(jī)實(shí)驗(yàn)室。B.Ifyouarenotastudent,youcannotviewthenewtechnologyontheInternet.如果你不是學(xué)生,你就不能在網(wǎng)上看新技術(shù)C.OntheInternet,youcanvisitanothercity/slibraryaseasilyasthelocalpeople.在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上,你可以像當(dāng)?shù)厝拴`樣去參觀另一座城市的圖書館。D.Technologywillchangeourwayoflearning.技術(shù)將改變我們的學(xué)習(xí)方式根據(jù)短文的意思,B不是正確的,故選Bo5細(xì)節(jié)理解題本文主要講時(shí)網(wǎng)絡(luò)時(shí)代人們的變化。故選A?！局R(shí)點(diǎn)】閱讀類文章同步（初）【適用場合】當(dāng)堂例題【難度系數(shù)】3【試題來源】【題目】Somepeoplethinkthatsingingcanliftourspirits（情緒）,whilesomeotherpeopledon'tthinkso.Theydon'tlikesingingandtheythinksingingcannevermakethemhappy.Idothinksingingcanmakeusfeelgood,anditcanliftourspirits.Letmetellyoumoreaboutthat.Someresearchers（研究者）oncedidsomesurveysandprovedit.Thesurveysshowthatsingingcanbringalotofhealthbenefits（益處）.Ifyousingwithyourfriends,theeffectsmaybeevenbetter.JohnLennonwasonceateacherofVocalPerformance（嚴(yán)樂表演）atEmporiaStateUniversity.Hesays,“Singingisaninborn（天生的）need.Babiessingtothemselvesandtheyseemsohappy.Likebabies,whenwesing,wefeelsogoodandsingingmakesusfeeleven8better.IlikesingingandIamhappyeveryday."Musicisapartofhumannature.Andsingingisaformofexpressionthatcanbeunderstoodbyeveryone.Somepeoplesaythatmusicislikeakindoflanguage.Thelanguagecanshowpeople'sopinionsandattitudes（態(tài)度）totheirlife.Somesongscancheerpeopleupwhentheyareintrouble.Somesongscanmakepeoplehappyandexcited.That'swhytheTVshowTheVoiceofChinaissopopularwithpeople.【選項(xiàng)】Accordingtosomesurveys,singingcanbring.A.healthbenefitsB.healthproblemsC.happinessandsuccessD.sometroubleTheunderlinedword“expression"probablymeans""inChinese.A.運(yùn)動(dòng)B.表情C.表達(dá)D.放松TheTVshowTheVoiceofChinaispopularbecause.A.allthesingersaregoodatsinginganddancingB.songsmakepeoplehappyandexcitedC.allthesingerslookniceincoolclothesD.songsarewrittenbythesingersthemselvesWhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?Allpeoplethinksingingcanliftourspirits.B.Somepeopledon'tlikesinginganddon'tthinkmusiccanmakethemhappy.C.Ifyousinginagroup,therewillbenobenefits.D.Nobabieseversingtothemselves.【答案】ACBB【解析】.細(xì)節(jié)理解題根據(jù)這句話singingcanbringalotofhealthbenefits（益處）.可知,唱歌能帶來許多健康的好處。故選Ao.細(xì)節(jié)理解題歌詞大多數(shù)是親身經(jīng)歷和體會(huì),那么唱出了就是ー種表達(dá)的方式,故選Co.細(xì)節(jié)理解題根據(jù)這句話Somesongscanmakepeoplehappyandexcited.That'swhytheTVshowTheVoiceofChinaissopopularwithpeople,可知唱歌能使人高興和興奮。故選Bo.細(xì)節(jié)理解題A.Allpeoplethinksingingcanliftourspirits.所有人認(rèn)為唱歌可以解除我們的精神。Somepeopledon'tlikesinginganddon'tthinkmusiccanmakethemhappy.W些人不喜歡唱歌,也不認(rèn)為音樂能使他們快樂。C.Ifyousinginagroup,therewillbenobenefits.如果你在ー個(gè)群體中唱歌,將沒有任何好處。D.Nobabieseversingtothemselves沒有孩子曾經(jīng)唱給他們自己根據(jù)短文意思,以及答案意思。B是對的。故選Bo【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】閱讀類文章同步（初）【適用場合】當(dāng)堂例題【難度系數(shù)】2習(xí)題演練【試題來源】【題目】Ifyoucouldseeamovieofyourlifebeforeyoulivedit,wouldyouwanttoliveit?Probablynot.Theexcitementoflivingisthatyoudon'tknowwhat'scoming.Sure,it'shardtoseeuncertainty（不確定）insuchpositive（積極的）lightwhenyou'reoutofwork,orwhenyoufeellikeyou'refailing.Butuncertaintyisreallyanotherwordforchance.9WhenAllisongraduatedfromHarvard,shehadchancesallovertheplacebuthadnoideawhatshewantedtodo.Shetookajobinconsulting（咨詢）,butsheknewshewouldn'tstaythere.ShetooktheGREandscoredsohighthatshewasabletoincreaseherincome（收入）byteachingstudents.Still,shedidn'tthinkshewantedtogotograduateschool（研究院）.Allisonknewshewasn'tdoingwhatshewanted,butshedidn'tknowwhatshewanted.Sheworried.Allherfriendsweregoingtograduateschoolorstartingtheirownbusinesses.Shewaslostandfeltthatshewouldneverfindanythingout.Aftersixyears,Allison,byhavingageneral（全面的）planinmind,gotmarried,movedtotheMidwestandusedherconsultingexperiencetogetagreatjob.Allisonrealizedthatshespentheryearsfindingherway:timewellspent.Theonlywaytoleadaninterestinglifeistofaceuncertainty.Otherwiseyourlifeisnotyourown-itisapathsomeoneelsehaschosen.Momentsofuncertaintyarewhenyoucreateyourlife,whenyoubecomewhoyouare.Uncertaintyusuallybeginswithajobhunt,butitdoesn'tendthere.Everynewrolewetakeonmeansanotherroundofuncertainty.Insteadoffearingit,youshouldfindsomewaystodealwithuncertainty.【選項(xiàng)】Fromthefirsttwoparagraphs,wecanlearnthat.A.beingoutofworkisasadthingB.uncertaintyiswhatmakeslifeinterestingC.lifeinafilmismoreexcitingthanreallifeD.chanceneverappearswhenweneeditWhattroublesAllisonaftergraduation?A.Shecouldn'tfindawell-paidjob.B.Shehadnomoneytostartabusiness.C.Shewasnotsurewhattodo.D.Shedidn'tscorehighenoughforgraduateschool.HowdidAllisonfeelabouthersixyears'workingexperience?A.Uncertain.B.Amazed.C.Sorry.D.Satisfied.Whatmaybediscussedinthefollowingparagraph?HowtodealwithuncertaintyWhatroleuncertaintyplaysinlife.C.Whypeoplefearuncertainty.D.Whomtogotowhenfacinguncertainty.【答案】BCDA【解析】.細(xì)節(jié)理解題根據(jù)這句話Theexcitementoflivingisthatyoudo^tknowwhatscoming.可知生活的刺激性正是因?yàn)樗牟豢深A(yù)知性,故選Bo.細(xì)節(jié)理解題根據(jù)這句話buthadnoideawhatshewantedtodo.及下文/述可知C符合題意,故選Co.細(xì)節(jié)理解題根據(jù)這句話Allisonrealizedthatshespentheryearsfindingherway及本段Qa述可知D符合題意。故選Do.細(xì)節(jié)理解題根據(jù)這句話youshouldfindsomewaystodealwithuncertainty.R上文獻(xiàn)可知本段對不確定性進(jìn)行了膵,但是并沒有團(tuán)出解決辦法,故選A1如何處理不確定性。【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】閱讀類文章同步（初）【適用場合】當(dāng)堂練習(xí)題10【難度系數(shù)】3【試題來源】【題目】Mygrandfatheriseightyyearsoldnow.Healwayscomplainsabouthowfastthingshavechanged,andheoftensaysthatlifeusedtobebetter.Familiesaren'tfamiliestheyusedtobe.Alotoffamilieshavebrokenup.Ifhusbandandwifehaveproblemswiththeirmarriage,theynolongerstaytogether.Andmothersusedtostayathomeandtakecareoftheirchildren,butnownotanymore.Everyoneisbusyworking.Motherusedtospendalldaycookinginthekitchen.Butnowthefamilydon'teathome-cookedfoodanymore.Andthecars!Noonewalksanymore.Moreandmorepeopledrive.Studentsusedtowalk5milestoschooleveryday,eveninwinter.Butnowstudentsdon't.Andinschool,childrendon'thavetothinkanymore.Inmathclass,forexample,theyusedtoadd,subtract,multiplyanddivide（加減乘除）intheirheads.Instead,theyusecalculators（計(jì)算器）.AndpeopletodayhaveTVandcomputers,andtheydon'ttalktoeachotheranymore.Theyaretoobusytotalk,toobusytoeat,toobusytothink....Lifeusedtobesimple,butitisn'tanymore.【選項(xiàng)】Whatdoesmygrandfatherthinkofthelifenow?A.Hethinksthelifeisthesameasitusedtobe.B.Hethinksthelifenowisworsethanitusedtobe.C.Hethinksthelifenowisbetterthanitusedtobe.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“marriage“meaninChinese?A,生活B.工作C?婚姻Whathashappenedtheseyearsaccordingtothepassage?A.Childrendon'thavetothinkanymoreinschool.B.Studentsusecalculatorsinmathclass.C.Bothofthem.Whatchangeshavehappenedtosomefamilies?a.PeoplehaveTV.b.Peopleliketoeathome-cookedfood.c.Lotsoffamilieshavecomputers,d.Lotsofcouples（夫婦）liveapartbecauseofunhappyproblems.A.a,b,dB.b,c,dC.a,c,dWhichisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Lifenowismuchsimpler.B.Peoplearetoobusytotalkwitheachothernow.C.Lotsofmothersstayathomeandlookaftertheirchildren.【答案】BCCCB【解析】.細(xì)節(jié)理解題根據(jù)這句話Healwayscomplainsabouthowfastthingshavechanged,andheoftensaysthatlifeusedtobebetter,和最后——段Lifeusedtobesimple,butitisn'tanymore.可知老人認(rèn)為如今的生活變得比以前更糟糕了;故選Bo.細(xì)節(jié)理解題marry是結(jié)婚的意思,marriage肯定與結(jié)婚有關(guān),再根據(jù)上下文意思。知應(yīng)該是婚姻。故選Co.細(xì)節(jié)理解題根據(jù)這句話Andinschool,childrendon'thavetothinkanymore可知,A正11確;根據(jù)這句話Inmathclass,theyusedtoadd,subtract,multiplyanddivide（加減乘除）intheirheadsInstead,theyusecalculators.可知B正確故選C。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題根據(jù)這句話Butnowthefamilydon'teathome-cookedfoodanymore.可知,b項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤,其他三項(xiàng)文中都有所回及;故Co.細(xì)節(jié)理解題根據(jù)這句話Lifeusedtobesimple可知A是錯(cuò)的,根據(jù)這句話ButnowthefamilydonJteathome-cookedfoodanymore.可知C是錯(cuò)的。知道B是正確的。故選B【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】閱讀類文章同步（初）【適用場合】隨堂課后練習(xí)【難度系數(shù)】2【試題來源】【題目】Onedayamanfoundacocoon（蠶）ofabutterflyintheforest.Hesatthereforseveralhoursandwatchedthebutterfly.Suddenly,asmallopeningappearedandthebutterflymadeitsgreateffort（努力）toforceitsbodythroughthatlittlehole.Thenitseemedtostopmakinganyprogress.Itappearedasifithadgottenasfarasitcouldanditcouldgonofurther.（那個(gè)蛹好象忘記了它該怎樣做,也好象停止了掙扎）.Sothemandecidedtohelpthebutterfly.Hecutofftheremainingbitofthecocoonsothatthebutterflywouldcomeouteasily.Buttohissurprise,thebutterflygotaheavybodyandverysmallwingswhenitcameoutofthecocoon.Themancontinuedtowatchthebutterflybecauseheexpectedthatthebodywouldgrowsmalleratanymomentandthewingswouldbecomelargerandbeabletofly.Butneitherhappened!Infact,thebutterflyspenttherestofitslifecrawling（爬）aroundwithaheavybodyandsmallwings.Itwasneverabletofly.Themanwasinhiskindness,buthedidn'tunderstandthenaturerules.Beforethebutterflycameoutofthecocoon,fluid（液體）fromitsbodymustbeforcedintoitswings,andthenwouldbereadyforflying.Itmusthaveahardstruggle（拼搏）togetthroughthesmallopeningtogetitsfreedomfromthecocoon.Sometimesstrugglesareexactlywhatweneedinourlife.IfGodallowedustogothroughourlifewithoutanydifficulties,itwouldmakeusfail.Wewouldnotbeasstrongaswecouldhavebeen,wecouldneverfly.【選項(xiàng)】Whatwasthebutterflydoingatthebeginningofthestory?A.Itwastryingtomakeacocoonforitself.B.Itwascrawlingaroundquietlyontheground.C.Itwasflyingamongthetreesintheforest.D.Itwasstrugglingtogetoutofitscocoon.Themancutofftheremainingbitofthecocooninorderto.A.takethebutterflyhomeB.helpthebutterflycomeouteasilyC.killthebutterflyD.stopthebutterflygrowingbiggerWhatdoyouthinkoftheman?A.PatientbutcruelB.CarefulandwiseC.KindbutunwiseD.BraveandfunnyWhatdoesthelastparagraph（段落）tellus?A.Strugglesaresometimesnecessaryinourlife.B.Nothingisdifficultifweputourheartintoit.2C.Everygooddeedwillcomebackwithgoodresult.D.Thegreatesthappinessintheworldistohelpothers.Whatisthebesttitleofthestory?A.TheLovefortheCocoon.B.TheJoyofHelpingEachOther.C.TheLessonoftheCocoon.D.TheExpectation（期待）fortheButterfly.【答案】DBCAC【解析】.細(xì)節(jié)理解題根據(jù)這句話Suddenlyasmallopeningappeared,andthebutterflymadeitsgreatefforttoforceitsbodythroughthatlittlehole.可知這只蝴蝶正努力從它的繭里面出來,故選Do.細(xì)節(jié)理解題根據(jù)這句話Hecutofftheremainingbitofthecocoonsothatthebutterflycouldcomeouteasily.可知答案,故選Bo.細(xì)節(jié)理解題根據(jù)這句話Themanwasinhiskindness,buthedidnotunderstandthenaturerules.及上下文意思,故選Co.細(xì)節(jié)理解題根據(jù)最后一段Sometimesstrugglesareexactlywhatweneedinourlife及下文意思,可知故選A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題這篇短文中好心的人幫助一只正在破繭的蝴蝶,結(jié)果最終卻害了這只蝴蝶,從而告訴了一個(gè)深刻的人生哲理。故選C,ー只繭子的教訓(xùn)?！局R(shí)點(diǎn)】閱讀類文章同步（初）【適用場合】課后兩周練習(xí)【難度系數(shù)】3【試題來源】【題目】Doyouhavetheexperienceoftakingmusiclessonsagainstyourwishes?Perhapsyouhavecomplainedaboutitbecauseyouthoughtittookyoumuchplaytime.Butnowyou'dbetterthankyourparentsfortheirtimeandmoneyspentonyourmusicaltraining.Arecentstudysuggestsmusiclessonscanmakechildrenhavebettermemoriesthantheirpeers（同齡人）.TheCanadianstudyshowedthatafteroneyearofmusicaltraining,childrendidbetteronamemorytestthanthosewhodidn'ttakemusiclessons.Theresearchersmadethechildrenagedbetween4and6intotwogroups-onegroupofchildrentookmusiclessonsoutsideschool,andtheotherdidn'ttakeanymusicaltraining.Inoneyear,theytookfourtestsindifferenttimes.Theresultsshowedbraindevelopmentchangesatleasteveryfourmonths.Thechildrentakingmusiclessonsnotonlydidbetterinmusicallisteningbutalsomadefasterprogressinotherways,suchasreading,writing,mathandIQ.Peoplesaymusicisthegoodmedicineforabrokenheart.Nowitseemsmusiccanalsohelpustoimproveourmemories.Wearesuretofindmoreandmoreinthewonderfulworldofmusic.【選項(xiàng)】You'dbetterthankyourparentsfortheirtimeandmoneyspentonyourmusicaltrainingbecause.A.yougetwellafteryoutakemusiclessonsB.youwillmakefasterprogressineverywayC.musiccanhelpyoutoimproveyourmemoriesD.youwon'tbesickanymoreTheresearchersmadeonegroupofthechildrenaged4~6takemusiclessonsfor.A.sixmonthsB.ayearC.twoyears13D.aweekTheCanadianstudyshowedthatbraindevelopmentchanges.A.onceaweekB.atleasteveryfourmonthsC.fourtimesayearD.twiceayearAccordingtothelastparagraph,mostpeoplethinkmusiccanmakeus.A.happyB.worriedC.smartD.tiredWhatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A.Howtobecomecleverer.B.Musicdoesusmuchgood.C.Whattofindinwonderfulmusic.D.Interestisimportant.【答案】CBBAB【解析】.答案:C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段里的Butnowyou'dbetterthankyourparentsfortheirtimeandmoneyspentonyourmusicaltraining.Arecentstudysuggestsmusiclessonscanmakechildrenhavebettermemoriesthantheirpeers（同齡人）.可知我們要感謝父母花時(shí)間和錢培養(yǎng)我們的音樂能力,是因?yàn)橐魳房梢試飧哂洃洝９蔬xCo.答案:B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段里的:Inoneyear,theytookfourtestsindifferenttimes.可知研究持續(xù)了一年。故選Bo.答案:B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段的最后一句:Theresultsshowedbraindevelopmentchangesatleasteveryfourmonths.可知大腦發(fā)展至少每四月改變一次。故選B。.答案:A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由該段的第一句:Peoplesaymusicisthegoodmedicineforabrokenheart.可知人們認(rèn)為音樂可以使受傷的心靈高興起來,故選A。.答案：B主旨大意題。本文介紹了音樂可以國高人們的記憶カ,團(tuán)高閱讀、寫作速度,增加解答數(shù)學(xué)題的能力并促進(jìn)智力的發(fā)展。故選Bo【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】閱讀類文章同步（初）【適用場合】課后一個(gè)月練習(xí)【難度系數(shù)】2【試題來源】【題目】Atpresent,toomuchcarbondioxide（二氧化碳）makestheearthwarmerandwarmerandcausesterribleeffecttohumanbeings.Tosaveourplanet,tosaveourselves,anewlifestylecalledlow-carbonlife6氐碳生活）becomespopular.Lowcarbonmeanslowenergyandnowaste.