教學(xué)用 人教必修三Unit 4 AstronomyReading

Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestarsReading必修3Unit4必修31.Howoldistheuniverse?2.Howoldistheearth?3.Whichwerethefirstcreatureorplantsonearth?4.Doyouknowwhattheorderforthedevelopmentofplantsandanimalsis?Severalbillionyearsago.Between4.5and3.8millionyearsago.Verysmallair-breathingcreatures.FreeTalk1.Howoldistheuniverse?SevDoyouknowtheoriginoflife

onearth?Eachreligionorculturehasits

ownideasabouthowlifebegan

onearth.想一想：Doyouknowtheoriginoflife

InChineseculture…____________separates(分)thesky

fromtheearth.Pangu盤古skyearthInChineseculture…_____________________madehumanbeings.Nuwa(女媧)_____________madehumanbeingInwesterncountries:

______________createdtheworldandall

livingthings.God(上帝)Inwesterncountries:God(上帝)Day1:GodspokeandseparatedlightfromdarknesscreatingDayandNightDay2:GodspokeandseparatedthewatercreatingskyandoceanDay3:GodspokeandcreateddrylandTheBiblicalAccountDay1:GodspokeandseparatedDay4:Godspokeandcreatedthesun,moonandstarsDay5:GodspokeandcreatedlivingcreaturesintheairandseaDay6:GodspokeandcreatedthelandanimalsandmanDay7:GodrestedandblessedthisdaycallingitHolyDay4:GodspokeandcreatedtIndiaBrahmaisthegodfirstrepresentedintheHinduTriad.Heisthecreatoroftheuniverseandalllivingbeingsaresaidtohaveevolvedfromhim.IndiaPre-reading

Lookatthepicture.Doyouknowthetopicofthisreading?Pre-readingLookatthepictur大爆炸宇宙產(chǎn)生示意圖大爆炸宇宙產(chǎn)生示意圖BigBangGasNew

starsDying

starsremnantsBigBangGasNewstarsDyingstar地球大氣Theearth’satmospherenitrogenoxygendioxidecarbonvapour

地球大氣Theearth’snitrogenoxygendItwasfullofwater.Itwasfullofwater.海洋里的細(xì)胞開始分裂海洋里的細(xì)胞開始分裂登陸登陸爬行動(dòng)物爬行動(dòng)物恐龍恐龍教學(xué)用人教必修三Unit4AstronomyReadingMammalsMammals人類的興起人類的興起1.Whywastheearthdifferentfromotherplanets?

Thewaterremained.2.Whydidtheplantsgrowbeforetheanimalscame?

Becauseplantsprovideoxygenforanimalstobreathe.Answerthequestions.FastReading1.Whywastheearthdifferent3.Whyisitwronginfilmsandstoriestoshowdinosaursandpeopletogether?

Becausedinosaursdiedoutlongbeforehumanbeingsdevelopedontheearth.3.Whyisitwronginfilmsan4.Thereusedtobenineplanetsinthesolarsystem.Recentlyscientistshavedecidedthatoneofthemcannolongerbeconsideredaplanet.Doyouknowthenameofthatplanet?Doyouknowwhytheyremovedit?

Pluto.Scientistsnowthinkitistoosmalltobecalledaplanet.4.Thereusedtobenineplane5.Whydoyouthinkthathumansarethecleverestanimalsontheearth?

Theyarethecleverestanimalsbecausetheyhavelargerbrainsthananyothercreatureontheearthsofar.6.Whatproblemiscausedbyhuman

beings?

Theycauseglobalwarming.5.Whydoyouthinkthathuman1.Whywastheearthdifferentfromotherplanets?A.Itproducedalotofheat.B.Thewaterremained.C.Thewaterdisappeared.D.Itwastheoldestplanet.Choosethebestanswer.B1.Whywastheearthdifferent2.Whywaslifeabletodevelopontheearthbutnotonotherplanets?A.Theearthhadasolidshape.B.Theearthdidnothaveharmfulgasesinitsatmosphere.C.Thewaterstayedontheearthbutnotonotherplanets.D.Theearthwasnottoohotandnottoocold.C2.Whywaslifeabletodevelo3.Whywasitnecessaryforplantstogrowbeforeanimals?A.Animalsneededplantstoprotectthemfromthesun.B.Plantsprovidedoxygenforanimalstobreathe.C.Animalscouldhidefromhuntersintheforest.D.Itwaseasierforplantstogrow.B3.Whywasitnecessaryforpl4.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat___.A.after“BigBang”,whatthedustwastobecomeremainedamysteryB.plantsappearedbeforetheanimalsC.plantsmultipliedandfilledtheoceanswithoxygenD.plantsplayedanimportantpartintheappearanceoftheanimalsD4.Itcanbeinferredfromthe1.Whatistheoriginalearth’satmospheremadeupof?2.Whydidscientistsbelievewaterisfundamentaltothedevelopmentoflife?3.Howdidwatercomeintobeingontheearth?4.Whichkindoflife-beingfirstappearedontheearth,plantsoranimals?Why?5.Whyweremammalsdifferentfromalllifeformsinthepast?Answerthefollowingquestions.1.Whatistheoriginalearth’Carbon,nitrogen,watervapour,andothergases.2.Whydidscientistbelievewaterisfundamentaltothedevelopmentoflife?Becausewaterallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgasesandacidsintotheoceansandseastoensureafollowingchainreaction,whichmadeitpossibleforlifetodevelop.

Whatistheoriginalearth’satmospheremadeupof?3.Howdidwatercomeintobeingontheearth?Theexplosionoftheearthproducedwatervapor,whichturnedintowaterwhentheearthcooleddown.Carbon,nitrogen,watervapour4.Whichkindoflife-beingfirstappearedontheearth,plantsoranimals?Why?Atfirst,smallplantsbegantoappearonthesurfaceofthewater,theyproducedoxygen,whichencouragedthelaterdevelopmentofearlyshellfishandallsortsoffish.5.Whyweremammalsdifferentfromalllifeformsinthepast?Theyweredifferentbecausetheyproducedtheiryoungfromwithintheirbodiesandproducemilktofeedthem.4.Whichkindoflife-beingfiDevelopmentofLife(1)(BigBang):Theearthwasstillacloudof________.(between4.5and3.8billionyearsago):Thedustsettledintoasolid______.(explode):watervaporandsomeothergaseswereproducedandmadetheearth's____________.(cooldown):_____________appearedonthesurface.(lifebegan):Arrivalofsmall_______onthesurfaceofthewater.

IntensiveReadingI.Readthepara.2-4andfinishthetimeline.dustglobeatmospherewaterplantsDevelopmentofLife(1)IntensiDevelopmentofLife(2)6.(multiply):Theoceansandseaswerefilledwith_______andthedevelopmentofshellfishandotherfishwereencouraged.7.(next):Greenplantsbegantogrowon_________.8.(followedintime):Landanimalssuchasinsectsand__________.9.(plantsgrewintoforests):Reptilesappeared.10.(afterthat):Hugeanimals,called__________developed.11.(dinosaursdisappeared):Itmadetheriseof________ontheearthpossible.

I.Readthepara.2-4andfinishthetimeline.

landamphibiansdinosaursmammalsIntensiveReadingoxygenDevelopmentofLife(2)I.Read

Awidelyacceptedtheoryabouttheformationoftheuniverse

Theformationoftheearth

Theimportanceofwaterforlife

Thedevelopmentofplantsandanimalsontheearth

ThearrivalofhumansandtheirimpactontheearthPara.1Para.2Para.3Para.4Para.5Themainideaforeachparagraph.CarefulReadingAwidelyacceptedPuttheeventsintoatimeline.1.Insectsandamphibiansappeared.3.Theearthbecameasolidball.5.Reptilesappeared.7.Theearthwasacloudofdust.9.Shellfishandotherfishappeared.11.Cleveranimalswithhandsandfeetappeared.Keys:1073849615212112.Dinosaursappeared.4.Smallplantsgrewonthewater.6.Plantsbegantogrowondryland.8.Waterappearedontheearth.10.Theuniversebeganwitha“BigBang”.12.Mammalsappeared.PuttheeventsintoatimelineCombineintoExplodewithfireandrockdissolveharmfulgases

BigBangEnergeticdustaviolentsolidballAtmosphereWateroceansandseasCooldownFinishthefollowingform.Para

1-3CombineintoExplodewithfireA

cloud

of

energetic

dust

AsolidballAtmosphere

Aworldfullofwater4132CombineintoExplodewithfireandrockdissolveharmfulgases

CooldownAcloudofenergeticdustAsoFillintheblankswiththeproperwords.Afterthe_________,theearthwasacloudof______________.Laterthedustbeganto_______into______.Andthenit________loudlywithfireandrock,whichwereintimeto_________thewatervapour,carbondioxide,…whichweretomaketheearth’s____________.Astheearth_______down,_____beganto________onitssurface.Waterhad____________fromplanetsorsatellites,butit_______ontheearth.Thatmadeitpossibleforlifetobeginto______.energetic

dustcombineexplodedproducecooledappear

disappearedstayed

develop“BigBang”aball

atmospherewaterFillintheblankswiththeprTheearthwasjustacloudof____afterthe“BigBang”.Theearth

loudlywithfireandrock.Theywere

toproducemanythings,whichweretomaketheearth’satmosphere.Astheearthcooleddown,waterbegantoappearonitssurface.Itallowedtheearthtodissolve_______gases.Thenlifebegantodevelop.dustexplodedintime

harmful

Fillintheblanksaccordingtothepassage.Theearthwasjustacloudof

Smallplants________andfilledthefirstoceansandseaswithoxygen.Thisencouragedthe__________ofearlyshellfishandfish.Landanimalssuchasinsects,reptilesanddinosaursappearedaftergreenplantsappeared.Smallcleveranimals______allovertheearth.Theyareputting________carbondioxideintotheatmosphere,which_________heatfromtheearthintospace.Whetherlifewillcontinueontheearthfrommillionsofyearstocomewill_______whetherthisproblemcanbesolved.multiplied

developmentspread

toomuch

prevents

dependon

Smallplants________and1.smallplantsinwater2.shellfishandallsortsoffish3.greenplantsonland4.insects(onland)5.amphibian(onlandandinwater)6.forests7.reptiles(onland)8.dinosaurs(onland)9.mammals(onland)Para4:Finishthefollowingform.1.smallplants2.shellfishaarrivalofsmallplantsinwaterearly

shellfishplantsanimals

arrivalofsmallearlyshellfiallsortsoffishearlyshellfishAfew

kindsmany

kindsallsortsoffishearlyshellfiPlantsinthewaterPlantsonlandwaterlandPlantsinthewaterPlantsonlinsectsdinosaurs

simplecomplex

insectsdinosaurssimplecomplexlowManhadevolvedfromapes.

達(dá)爾文(進(jìn)化論)advancedlowManhadevolvedfromapes.Fillintheblanks.

Thearrivalof___________encouragedthe____________ofearly________________________.Manymillionsofyearslater__________________begantoappear_________.Later____________appeared.Somewere________.Otherscalled__________,wereabletoliveonlandswellas__________.Whentheplantsgrewintoforests,_________appearedforthefirsttime.Aftertheydisappeared,_________becamemoreimportant.Theywerethelastgroupofanimalsdifferentfrombecausethey_________milkfromwithintheirbodies.development

shellfishandallsortsoffish

on

land

land

animalsamphibians

dinosaurs

mammals

produced

small

plants

thefirstgreenplants

insects

in

the

seaFillintheblanks.ThearCanyoufindtheirEnglishinthereading?1.隨后它會(huì)變成什么一直無法確定,直到約45億至38億年,這團(tuán)塵埃最終變成一個(gè)固體圓球。2.地球變得如此激烈動(dòng)蕩,以致于不知道這個(gè)形狀是否會(huì)繼續(xù)存在下去。3.更重要的事，隨著地球的冷卻，地球的表面就開始出現(xiàn)了水。4.很多科學(xué)家相信,水的繼續(xù)存在使地球得以把有害氣體和酸的物質(zhì)溶解到海洋里。CanyoufindtheirEnglishin1.Whatproblemshavebeencausedbyhumanbeingstotheearth?2.Whatcanwedotoprotecttheearthandmakeitabetterplacetoliveon?FreeTalk1.WhatproblemshavebeencauWearemakingtheworldbetter.Wearemakingtheworldworse.DiscussionWearemakingtheworldbetter

solarenergy

planttrees

recyclerubbish

preventdesertificationsavewater

purifyairWhatcanwedototakecareoftheearth?solarenergyplanttreesrecyWhetherlifewillcontinueontheearthdependsonhumanbeings.Onlyifwecarewillwehelp;onlyifwehelpshallallbesaved!WhetherlifewillcontinueonSupposeyouweretheearth.Whatwouldyouadvisehumanstodo?Writealettertothehumanbeing.WritingSupposeyouweretheearth.WhThe2012UnitedNationsClimateChangeConferencewillbeheldinQatarfrom26Novemberto7December2012.The2012UnitedNationsClimatIn1992,theUnitedNationsFrameworkConventiononClimateChange(UNFCCC)setsanoverallframeworkforintergovernmentaleffortstoaddressclimatechange.Itiscalledaframeworkconventionbecauseitisseenasastartingpointofaddressingtheproblemofclimatechange.

In1992,theUnitedNationsFrTheConventionenteredintoforceon21March1994.TheultimateobjectiveoftheConventionis“tostabilizegreenhousegasconcentrationsatalevelthatwillpreventdangeroushumaninterferencewiththeclimatesystem”.TheConventionenteredintofoWorkoutthemeaningofthenewwordsandphrasesthroughcontext.violentintimeatmosphereunlikeharmfulexistprevent…fromverystrongandsuddennotlatethemassofairsurroundingtheEarth

differentfromableorlikelytodoharm

tobepresentinaplaceorsituation;tolivestop…from…Makesentenceswiththenewwordsandphrases.Workoutthemeaningofthene

as在這里表示原因,意思是“因?yàn)椤?/p>

Ashewasill,heneededmorehelp.

1.Nooneknowsexactlyhowtheearthbegan,as

ithappenedsolongago.沒人明白他在說什么，因?yàn)槟翘y理解了。Nooneseeswhathe’ssaying,

asitistoohard.Languagepointsas在這里表示原因,意思是“因?yàn)椤?.Noonbecause,

as,

since與for

because表示原因的語氣較強(qiáng)，回答why問句的提問。如果原因不重要，或?yàn)槿怂?，一般用as或since。

for表示原因的語氣較because弱，類似補(bǔ)充說明，一般不用來回答why提出的問題。引導(dǎo)的從句不能放在句首，而且前面一般用逗號與主句分開。

because,

as,

since與forbecause1._____youcan'tanswerthequestion,perhapswe'dbetterasksomeoneelse.2.Pleasebebrief______Iaminahurry.3.Myheadaches______wantofsleep.4.Itmusthaverainedlastnight,______thegroundiswetthismorning.5.Cyprus,___youknow,isanislandintheMediterranean.Fillintheblankswithas,because,fororsince.Sincebecauseforforas1._____youcan'tanswerthe2.Whatitwastobecome

wasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe.betodosth.表示按計(jì)劃或安排要做的事或者命運(yùn)（即命中注定要發(fā)生的事)。e.g.Whenareyoutoleaveforhome?你什么時(shí)候回家？主語從句定語從句它（地球）將成為什么樣子一直是個(gè)謎，直到45-38億年以前這些塵埃凝聚成一個(gè)固體球體。2)notuntil直到……才;直到……之前(……還不)e.g.Don‘ttalkuntiltheclassiscover.等到下課再講話。betodosth.表示按計(jì)劃或安排要做的事或者命運(yùn)3.Theearthbecamesoviolentthat

itwasnotclear

whethertheshapewouldlastornot.地球（開始）變得激烈動(dòng)蕩，不知道這個(gè)形狀是否會(huì)繼續(xù)存在下去。

it形式主語

1）真正的主語是主語從句whethertheshapewouldlastornot。為了避免主語顯得過長,可以用it作為句子的主語,把主語從句移到句子的末尾。e.g.Itiswell-knownthatwearegoodatEnglish!

眾所周知，我們擅長英語。地球（開始）變得激烈動(dòng)蕩，不知道這個(gè)形狀是否會(huì)繼續(xù)存在下去。2)whether可以引導(dǎo)主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句和同位語從句;而if只能引導(dǎo)賓語從句。引導(dǎo)賓語從句既可以用whether,也可以用if。Couldyoutelluswhether/ifitsnowsinwinterinAustralia?2)whether可以引導(dǎo)主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句和4.Theywereintimetoproduce…intime

及時(shí);終于Shewillbebackin

timetopreparedinner.Thedoctorcameintime

tosaveherlife.醫(yī)生及時(shí)趕來救了她的命。Maryusuallygetshomein

time

tobaththechildren.瑪莉通常及時(shí)到家給孩子們洗澡。4.Theywereintimetoproduc注意:

intime還有“過些時(shí)候;最后”之意。You’llgetusedtoitin

time.過些時(shí)候你會(huì)習(xí)慣它的。Don’tworry.I’msurethingswillgetbetterintime.

別著急,我肯定過些時(shí)候事情會(huì)好轉(zhuǎn)的。注意:intime還有“過些時(shí)候;最后”之意。完成句子：

1)我們到達(dá)車站時(shí)，剛好趕上那班車。

Wegottothestationjust___________catchthebus.2)他早晚會(huì)明白什么才是對的。

__________imeto

Intime

完成句子：intimetoIntime3)我剛好來得及趕上那班飛機(jī)。Iwasjust_____________theflight.4)大夫正好及時(shí)趕到挽救了他的生命。Thedoctorgottherejust______________imefor

intimetosave

3)我剛好來得及趕上那班飛機(jī)。intimeforinIfyoukeepon,you'llsucceed________.

A.intimeB.atonetimeC.atthesametimeD.ontime答案：A解析：該題考查學(xué)生對介詞和time構(gòu)成的詞組的辨析能力。intime除了有"及時(shí)"的意思外,還有"遲早;總有一天"的意思。本題意為:假如你繼續(xù)堅(jiān)持下去,你遲早會(huì)成功的。Ifyoukeepon,you'llsucceedsome

time

一些時(shí)間at

times

時(shí)常kill

time

消磨時(shí)間behind

time

落后all

the

time

一直at

a

time

一次at

this

time

這時(shí)at

that

time

那時(shí)in

time

of

在....的時(shí)候

at

the

same

time

同時(shí)

in

no

time

立刻in

the

daytime

在白天for

a

long

time

長時(shí)間at

one

time

同一時(shí)期，同時(shí)地for

the

first

time

第一次from

time

to

time

不時(shí)地time

and

again

反復(fù)地，不斷地have

a

good

time

玩得高興time的短語some

time

一些時(shí)間at

the

same

ti5.atmospheren.大氣層;氣氛Anatmosphereoftensionfiledtheroom.屋子里籠罩著緊張的氣氛。Theatmosphereoverdinnerwaswarmandfriendly.用餐時(shí)洋溢著熱情友好的氣氛。注意:指“大氣層”時(shí),常用theatmosphere;

指“氣氛”時(shí),常使用單數(shù)形式。5.atmospheren.大氣層;氣氛6.WaterhadalsoappearedonotherplanetlikeMarsbut,unlikeearth,ithaddisappearedlater.unlikeprep.與……不同；不像；非……的特征歸納1)beunlike...相當(dāng)于bedifferentfrom...2)unlikesth./sb.位于句首，常用于表示對比。

3)unlike的反義詞為like。6.Waterhadalsoappearedon1)音樂與其他藝術(shù)形式不同。Musicisquite

.2)和他兄弟不同，他有種幽默感。___________________,hehasagoodsenseofhumor.3)遲到這么久可實(shí)在不像他平時(shí)的作風(fēng)。____________________tobesolate.unlikeanyotherartform

UnlikehisbrotherIt’sveryunlikehim1)音樂與其他藝術(shù)形式不同。unlikeanyothe7.….astheearthcooled

down,waterbegantoappear

onitssurface.

隨著地球的冷卻,地球的表面就開始出現(xiàn)了水。1)cooldown變涼,冷卻2)appear

“出現(xiàn),似乎”是不及物動(dòng)詞當(dāng)表示“似乎，好像”時(shí)是系動(dòng)詞,該詞無被動(dòng)語態(tài)。

OurteacherappearedonTVthismorning.辨析:appearseemlook7.….astheearthcooleddown,I.含義上的差異appear

是指根據(jù)事物的外表表象做出判斷的,但實(shí)質(zhì)上并不一定如此;

seem是表示說話人主觀上的判斷,暗含有一定的根據(jù),往往接近事實(shí)的判斷;

look是根據(jù)視覺印象而得出的判斷,實(shí)質(zhì)上也可能如此。Sheisfiftybutsheappearsyoung.她五十歲了,但看起來很年輕。(其實(shí)并非如此)Sheseemsyoung.(Ithinksheisyoung.)她看起來很年輕。(個(gè)人的主觀判斷而推斷出)Shelooksyoung.她很年輕。(從他外表可出感覺出)I.含義上的差異II.用法上的差異

a.appear,look,seem

后均可帶名詞、形容語、

tobe結(jié)構(gòu)。

Themanwhocameyesterdayappeared/

seemed/lookedanhonestman.

昨天來的那個(gè)人看來是一個(gè)誠實(shí)的人。b.look

可用于進(jìn)行時(shí),而

seem,

appear

一般

不能。

Heislookingveryhappy.

他現(xiàn)在看起來很高興。II.用法上的差異c.appear

和

seem

之后可接動(dòng)詞不定式的一般式、完成式以及其他形式,而

look

之后除了能接tobe結(jié)構(gòu)外,不接其它動(dòng)詞不定式形式。

Sheappearedtoagreewithyou.

他好像同意你的意見。

Theydon’tseemtohavereadthisnovel.

他們好像沒有讀過這本小說。c.appear和seem之后可接動(dòng)詞不定式的d.look,seem

能與介詞like構(gòu)成習(xí)語,意思是“看上去象”,而appear

卻不能。如:ItseemslikeyearssinceIlastsawyou.

自從上次見到你后，好像很久沒有見到你了。

Helookslikeastudent.

他看起來象個(gè)學(xué)生。e.seem,look

后均可接asif,asthough引導(dǎo)的表語從句，從句中既可用陳述語氣也可用虛擬語氣，而

appear

則不能。

Itseemed

/lookedasifhehadbeentoBeijing.看起來他去過北京。d.look,seem能與介詞like構(gòu)成習(xí)語,f.appear和seem均可接that引導(dǎo)的從句,而

look

不能。

Itseems/

appearsthatwewon’tfinishthisworktoday.

我們好像今天完不成這項(xiàng)工作。g.appear和seem

可用于therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中，而

look

不能。如:Thereappearstohavebeenanaccident.

好像出了一次事故。f.appear和seem均可接that引導(dǎo)的從句,而8.Others,calledamphibians,wereabletoliveonlandaswellasinthewater.aswellas…“(除...之外)也，又”,可連接并列的單詞或短語Maryaswellasherparentslikestolistentomusic.Hegrowsflowersaswellasvegetables.Ateachershouldentertainaswellasteach.Thechildislivelyaswellashealthy.aswell相當(dāng)于too，一般放在句末。Heisaworker,andapoetaswell.

8.Others,calledamphibians,aswellas相當(dāng)于notonly…butalso，但兩者在用法上有不同notonly…butalso側(cè)重后者，aswellas則著重前者，即AaswellasB=notonlyBbutalsoA。Mr.Brownhasexperienceaswellasknowledge.（側(cè)重前者，即experience）=Mr.Brownhasnotonlyknowledgebutalsoexperience.（著重后者，即butalso后面的部分）aswellas相當(dāng)于notonly…butalso9.…bylayingeggs.

lay-laid-laid-laying

放,把……放在……；產(chǎn)卵

Helaidhisbooksonthedesk.注意:lie(lay;lain;lying)躺；位于

lie(lied;lied;lying)說謊Thenaughtyboy____tomethatthehenthat____therejustnowhad____twoeggsthedaybefore.A.laid;laid;laidB.laid;lay;lainC.lied;laid;lainD.lied;lay;laidD9.…bylayingeggs.DAhen____inthecornerquietly.Afterawhilethehen____anegg.Buttheman____tohiswifethattheeggwasboughtintheshop______inthecentreofthetown.Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformof

lie

orlay.laylaidliedlyingAhen____inthecornerquiet10.givebirthto1)生(孩子)

She’sjustgivenbirthtoahealthybabygirl.她剛剛生了個(gè)健康的女嬰。2)產(chǎn)生Theextraordinaryexperiencegavebirthto

hislatestnovel.這段奇特的經(jīng)歷促成了他的最新的一部小說的誕生。10.givebirthto11.Whytheysuddenlydisappearedstill

remainsamystery.remain在這里是系動(dòng)詞，意思是“保持；仍然是”，后面可接形容詞、過去分詞、名詞、介詞短語等作表語。Sheremainedsilentallnight.Theworkremainedunfinished.Thelabourshortageremainsaproblem.Peoplethereremaininpoverty.由why引導(dǎo)的從句在句中作主語，稱為主語從句。11.Whytheysuddenlydisappea12.Theyareputtingtoomuchcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere,whichpreventsheat

from

escapingfromtheearthintospace.他們把太多的二氧化碳釋放到大氣層中,這就使得熱量不能從地球上散發(fā)到太空中去。preventsth./sb.(from)doingsth.

制止(防止)某人(某物)做某事Therulesareintendedtoprevent

accidents.Whatcanwedotoprevent

thisaccident(from)happening?12.TheyareputtingtoomuchIintendtogoandnothingyoudocanprevent

me!(阻止)Nothingcanprevent

thisplanfrombeingcarriedout.注意:類似結(jié)構(gòu)keep/stopsb.fromdoingsth.,但keepsb.fromdoingsth.中from不可省略,prevent/stopsb.fromdoingsth.中的from可省，但如在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中,他們中的from都不可省。Itriedtokeep

him

from

waiting

forher.我試圖叫他不要再等她了。Itriedtokeep

him

waiting

forher.我試圖讓他等她。Iintendtogoandnothingyou13.Asaresultofthis,manyscientistsbelievetheearthmaybecometoohottoliveon.asaresultof是短語介詞，后跟名詞、代詞等，意為“由于…的原因”，相當(dāng)于becauseof。Hewaslateasaresultoftheheavysnow.

asaresult為副詞用法，意為“結(jié)果是”，后面指事情的結(jié)果。Hegotupverylatetoday.Asaresult,hemissedthefirstbus.

13.Asaresultofthis,many(2009全國II)Jennynearlymissedtheflight_______doingtoomuchshopping.A.asaresultofB.ontopofC.infrontofD.inneedof解析：本題考查介詞短語。句意“由于購物花費(fèi)時(shí)間太多，珍妮差點(diǎn)錯(cuò)過航班”。asaresultof作為……的結(jié)果，由于；ontopof在……之上；infrontof在……前面；inneedof需要……。A(2009全國II)JennynearlymissedTheterriblewarlastedeightyears._____,wiveslosttheirhusbands,parentslosttheirsons,andchildrenlosttheirfathers.A.AsaresultB.AsaresultofC.InsteadD.However解析：從題意可知，空缺處應(yīng)填入“結(jié)果”之意，答案鎖定在A、B兩項(xiàng)，而asaresultof后要跟名詞，表示“由于……的原因”，因此只能選A項(xiàng)。Theterriblewarlastedeight14.…theearthmaybecometoohotto

liveon.地球可能會(huì)因此變得太熱而不適合生物的生存。有關(guān)too的一些用法。1)too作“太”講。Thereistoo

muchwater.水太多了。

Thisshirtistoo

largeforme.這襯衫我穿起來太大。

Theproblemisrathertoo

hardforme.這個(gè)問題對我來說太難了。14.…theearthmaybecometoo2)“too＋adj.＋to”,

有兩種意義,一種為“太……以至(不)……”,在翻譯時(shí)要加上一個(gè)否定詞；另一種是“太……”,語意肯定,但too后的形容詞常用ready，heavy，beautiful等。Thequestionistoo

hard

to

understand.問題太難,理解不了。Heistoo

proud

to

seehisownshortcomings.他太驕傲了以至于看不到自己的缺點(diǎn)。Youaretoo

ready

to

findfaultswithothers.你太愛挑別人的毛病了。2)“too＋adj.＋to”,有兩種意義,一種為3)“only/all/not/but＋too＋adj.＋to”,

后面的動(dòng)詞不定式在翻譯時(shí)不必加否定詞。only等與too連用等于very(非常)。Ishallbeonlytoo

pleased

to

hearfromyoufurther.我非常歡迎你再來信。Theyarebut

too

glad

to

doso.他們非常喜歡這么做。We

areonlytoopleasedtoworktogetherwiththeworkers.我們和工人們一起勞動(dòng),非常高興。3)“only/all/not/but＋too＋adj4)“cannot／cannever...too”,

表示“無論怎樣……也不會(huì)過分”。

Youcannotpraisehimtoohighly.你無論怎樣表揚(yáng)他也不過分。Wecannotbetoocarefulindoingexperiments.我們做實(shí)驗(yàn)無論怎樣小心也不過分。Youcanneverbetoocarefulofyourhealth.你越注意健康越好。4)“cannot／cannever...too”,表5)當(dāng)too用于數(shù)量增減時(shí),表示“過(多、少、長等)”的意思。

Itistoolongbyhalf.它長了一半。

Hehasgivenmesixtoomany(few).

他多(少)給了我六個(gè)。

Thisrodis3inchestoolong.這桿長了3英寸。--Areyougoingtothefootballgame?--No.Theticketsare_____expensiveforme.A.verymuchB.fartooC.highlyD.somuch解析:“too+形容詞+forsb.”表示“太……”,far可置于too前表示程度。B5)當(dāng)too用于數(shù)量增減時(shí),表示“過(多、少、B15.…whetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.

在未來的千百萬年中,生命能否在地球上延續(xù)將取決于這個(gè)問題能否得到解決。

dependvi.

相信，信賴；依靠，依賴(尤指錢)；視……而定。

YoucandependonJohn—heisalwaysontime.

你可以相信約翰,他總是很準(zhǔn)時(shí)。15.…whetherlifewillcontinu相關(guān)短語：believesb.

相信某人(所說的話)believeinsb.信任/信賴某人trust(in)

sb.

相信/信任/信賴某人dependoncountonsb.relyon

信任/相信/依賴/依靠某人相關(guān)短語：believesb.相信某人(所說的Tellhimwhatyouwanttosay;he’samanto_____.A.countB.believeC.trustD.depend解析:相信/信賴某人:countonsb./believeinsb./dependonsb./trust(in)sb.CTellhimwhatyouwanttosay;unlike;dependon;beharmfulto;differentfrom;givebirth;violent;intime

1.Whattheysayisoften______________what

theydo.2._______manyothertopics,fatisalwaysa

topicthatAmericanstalkabout.3.Hefoundajoblastmonthanddidn’t

haveto__________hisparentsany

longer.differentfrom

Unlike

dependonCompletethesentenceswithawordoraphrasefromthebox.unlike;dependon;beharmful4.InChinawomenhavethefreedomto

choosenotto_________.5.The_________earthquakeleft3,000peoplehomeless.6.Don’tbe