8升9英語教學課件

學英語怎樣オ能事半功倍中國人學英語,最常用的方法就是背單詞,甚至有人以能背出一本詞典為榮。但是詞典上的解釋是死的,語言的運用卻是活的,機械的理解會造成很大的誤解。詞典不是最重要的,關鍵在于語境，要養(yǎng)成背誦句子的好習慣，因為句子中既包含了發(fā)音規(guī)則，又有語法內容,還能表明某個詞在具體語言環(huán)境中的特定含義。不要學“古董英語任何語言都是活的，每天都會發(fā)展,學習陳舊的語言毫無新鮮感，而且基本無處可用。不鮮活、不入時、不風趣幽默的語言不是我們要學的語言,多讀外文報紙、多看原版影視作品才會有助于補充新詞匯。很多人以為,把單詞拆成一個個字母背熟就可以正確地拼寫出來,其實,科學的方法是把讀音、拼寫和用法融為一體，同步進行,眼口手腦并用,并把它應用到句子里面去理解。聽力聽不懂也要聽——堅持練習聽力時,許多人抱怨聽不懂，因而喪失了聽的樂趣,往往半途而廢。其實,即使聽不懂也是一?種學習,只不過你自己覺察不到而已。雖然暫時聽不懂,但你的耳膜已經(jīng)開始嘗試著適應一種新的語言發(fā)音,你的大腦在調整頻率，準備接受ー種新的信息代碼,這本身就是ー次飛躍。要敢于開口運用英語一自信學英語很重要的一點是用來和他人交流,但開口難也是中國人學英語的一大特點。問題出在以下幾點:ー是有些人把是否看懂當成學習的標準。拿到ー本ロ語教材,翻開兒頁ー看,都看懂了,就認為太簡單了,對自己不合適。其實,練習口語的教材，內容肯定不會難,否則沒法操練?？炊坏扔跁f,把這些你已經(jīng)學會的東西流利地表達出來,オ是口語教材最主要的目標。二是千萬不要用漢字來記英語發(fā)音。學習ー門外語如果發(fā)音不過關,始終不會真正掌握ー門外語,而且最大的害處是不利于培養(yǎng)對外語的興趣，影響下??步學習?，F(xiàn)在有人把用漢語發(fā)音標注英語,比如把“goodbye”記作“古得拜”,甚至把這種做法作為成果出版，這樣做肯定后患無窮。不敢開口的第三點是怕語法有錯。沒有具體問題，一般不要去讀語法書。超前學習語法,會使你如墜云里霧里,喪失學習外語的樂趣和信心。而且,語法好比游泳理論,對于沒有下過水的人來說，游泳理論是用處不大的。同樣，對于語言實踐不夠豐富的初學者,直接學習語法的用處不是很大。所以,?定要結合語言實踐來理解語法,語法是學會語言后的ー種理論思考。學語言不存在對錯,只要能說出來，意思讓人家明白就可以了,不用費盡心機考慮用什么句型,只要能選準一個單詞就行。學習英語沒有“速成’’之說。學好英語也沒有捷徑，只有方法的好壞。比如記英語單詞,低著頭拼命默寫就不是一個好辦法。好的方法是大聲朗讀,反復訓練發(fā)音器官和耳朵,把聲音銘刻在腦子里。這樣既可以提高聽カ,又可以改進ロ語發(fā)音,還記了單詞。默寫只是訓練了眼睛和手,可是它們不能替你聽和說。學習英語還要有較大的動カ。每次你坐下來學習,無論在家里還是在語言中心,都需要短期動カ集中精力讀和聽。但更需要長期動カ,保證每天經(jīng)常做這樣的事情ー這是最難的。所以許多人開始學習英語,過一段時間很快就放棄了一我們學習英語不是一個持續(xù)的提高過程,而是通過ー系列的突然提高以及間隔著似乎沒有變化的階段,這就是所謂“高原效應”。在兒個月的學習中,你都可能注意不到英語的巨大提高,在這些時候，學習者最容易失去長期的動カ并放棄學習。避免“高原效應”的好辦法是,盡量不要完全一個人學習。如果你不能到語言中心學習,至少你應嘗試找ー個“學習伙伴”，這樣,你們能夠互相鼓勵和支持。當然,如果能到ー個好的語言中心學習就更不錯了。TOC\o"1-5"\h\z\o"CurrentDocument"Unit1Howdoyoustudyforatest? 3\o"CurrentDocument"Unit2Iusedtobeafraidofthedark 13Unit3Teenagersshouldbeallowedtochoosetheirownclothes20單詞表 26單元練習 28趣味英語 40Unit1HowdoYouStudyforaTest▲單元導航:本單元以談論“如何進行學牙的話題展開教學活動.通過豐富的對話和短文學習,使自己正確理解學習的目的,了解不同的學習方法,學會借鑒他人的優(yōu)點,長處,以提高自己的學習效率,使自己懂得如何面對問題，以及提高自己解決問題的能力.Teachingobjectives：▲Talkabouthowtostudy▲Tellwhichwayisgood/notgood▲Learntotalkaboutproblemsofstudy▲Learntogiveadvices▲Talkandwritestudents'ownproblemsandhowtosolvethem.▲Learntofindtherealmeaningbythecontext.▲Dealwithourproblemsineverydaylife.TextIWarmingup:Doyoutalkabouthowtostudywithyourfriends?Doyoueverpracticeconversationwithyourfriends?Whatdoyouthinkisthebestwaytolearnbest?Howdoyoulearnbest?ThisweekweaskedstudentsatNewStarHighSchoolaboutthebestwaystolearnmoreEnglish.ManysaidtheylearntbyusingEnglish.Somestudentshadmorespecificsuggestions.LillianLi,forexample,saidthebestwaytolearnnewwordswasbyreadingEnglishmagazines.Shesaidthatmemorizingthewordsofpopsongsalsohelpedalittle.Whenweaskedaboutstudyinggrammarshesaid,''Ineverstudygrammar.It'stooboring.”WeiMingfeelsdifferently.He'sbeenlearningEnglishforsixyearsandreallylovesit.Hethinksstudyinggrammarisagreatwaytolearnalanguage.HealsothinksthatwatchingEnglishmoviesisn'tabadwaybecausehecanwatchtheactorssaythewords.Sometimes,however,hefindswatchingmoviesfrustratingbecausethepeoplespeaktooquickly.LinChangsaidthatjoiningtheEnglishclubatschoolwasthebestwaytoimproveherEnglish.Studentsgetlotsofpracticeandtheyalsohavefun.Sheaddedthathavingconversationswithfriendswasnothelpfulatall."WegetexcitedaboutsomethingandthenendupspeakinginChinese,"shesaid.LanguageFocusl.Talkabouthowtostudy談論怎樣學習talkabout/of談論...（話題）talkto對…談話talkwith和...談話注意:talkof與talkabcmt意思相同,但一般提及某人或某物用talkofi而涉及某人或某事的詳細情況,多用talkabout。E.g.:TheyaretalkingaboutthenewteacherfromNewYork,他們在談論從紐約來的新老師。Youshouldtalktohimaboutyouridea.你最好找他談談你的想法。Theytalkedofyoulastnight.他們昨晚談到過你。［例題］ThestudyistheplacewhereIofenhavea myfather.A.talktoB.talkingtoC.talkwithD.talkingwithDoyoueverpracticeconversationwithfriends?你和朋友們隨時對話嗎?ever為副詞,用于疑問句、否定句、條件狀語從句時,意為“曾經(jīng);在任何時候”,有時可以不翻譯。E.g.：HaveyoueverbeentoTibet?你去過西藏嗎?Ihardlyeversawhimnowadays.我近來很少見到他。注意:(1)euer?用于肯定句時,意為;總是,常常,一直;相當于always。Theywereveryhappyeverafter,以后他們ー直幸福地生活著。ever用于比較級或最高級的句子時，意為:以往任何時候,至今;用來加強語氣。It,sthenicestthingever.這是至今最好的東西。ever用于特殊疑問句時，意為“究竟,到底”。Whateverdoyouwant?你到底要什么?【例題1l.Haveyouheardofthestoryhetoldusjustnow?A.alreadyB.everC.justD.always［イ列題)2.Look,It'srainingharderthan.A.alreadyB.anyC.agoD.everWhataboutlisteningtotapes?聽磁帶怎么樣?注意:本句中的whatabout也可以用howabout替換,這兩個結構都是征求別人意見的說法,意為“……怎么殍?”,這兩個短語中的about是個介詞,其后應接名詞、代詞、或動詞的ーi〃g形式做賓語。E.g.:Wehavebeenworkingfor5days.What/HowaboutgoingtothecinemathisSaturday?我們已經(jīng)工作五天了,這周六去看電影怎么樣啊?Thisfilmisboring.Whataboutthatone?這部影片一點意思也沒有,那一部怎么樣?【例題】Whataniceday!withme?A.Whataboutswimming B.WhataboutswimC.Howabouttoswim D.DoyouwanttoswimmingWhataboutreadingaloudtopracticepronunciation?大聲朗讀練習發(fā)音怎么樣?句中的practice用作動詞，意為:'’實踐,練習”。這個詞也可以用作名詞,如短語“put……intopractice"意為"把……付諸實踐”。注意:practice用作動詞,其后只能接名詞,代詞,從句或動名詞短語作賓語。E.g.:Themostimportantthingisputtingitintopractice.最重要的是將它付諸實施。Whatheneedismorepractice.他所需要的是更多的練習。【例題】WeshouldoftenpracticeEnglish.A.speakB.tospeakC.speakingD.spokenItistoohardtounderstandthevoice.理解那語音真是太難了。too...t〇…在句中表示否定意義,意為“太…而不能…”:句中的不定式表結果。E.g.:Thebookistootiringtoread.那本書太無聊沒法讀。注意:(I),too…to句型可以和so…that…句型和not'''enoughtodosth.句型相互交換。如上句句子可以改成:ThebookissotiringthatIcan'treadit.Thebookisnotfunenoughtoreadit..當句中有動詞的邏輯主語時,用for引出邏輯主語。Dancingistoodifficultformetolearn.對于我來說跳舞太難學了。.當to〇…t〇…前有否定詞れever時,表示肯定含義。Thedressisnevertoolargeforyoutowear.【例題】Haveyouheardofthesaying,uItisnevertoolate?”learningB.tolearnC.learnedD.tolearning【例J題】A:Theyoungmanistooyoungtojointhearmy.Theyoungmanis younghethearmy.It7stooboring.這太令人厭煩了。boring是個形容詞,意為’‘令人厭煩的”;與這個詞同根的形容詞還有bored。這個詞的含義是“無聊的,無趣的,煩人的”。英語中有一類同根形容詞分別是以-ing和一ed結尾的,以-ing結尾的形容詞往往意為“令(別人)……”;而以ー租結尾的形容詞意為“(本人)感到……”,在句中長作表語。-ing形容詞漢語意思-ed形容詞漢語意思Boring令人厭煩的Bored感到厭煩Interesting有趣的Interested感興趣Surprising令人吃驚Surprised感到吃驚Exciting令人興奮Excited感到興奮E.g.:Iwasveryimpressedby/with/athisnewhouse.我非常欣賞他的新房子。Thisbookisveryinteresting;somanypeopleareinterestedinit.這本書很有趣,所以很多人對它感興趣。【例題】!.Areyouofdoingsuchathingforsolongatime?A.tire B.tiring C.tiredD.tireless【イ列題】2.Thesestory-booksarevery.Childrenlikethem.A.interestedB.interestingC.interestD.notinterestingHealsothinksthatwatchingEnglishmoviesisn'tabadway,becausehecanwatchtheactorssaythewords.他還認為看電影是個不錯的方法,因為他可以看到演員講臺詞。watch意為:''觀看,注視"。如:watchTV（看電視）;watchthemworking（觀看他們工作）；keepwatchfor（留心,守候）Keepwatchforthemilkman,Iwanttopayhimtoday.留心送牛奶的人,我今天要付錢給他.，注意:see,watch,look和lookat:see指“看見,看望”指有意識或無意識地看,表示“看”這個動作的結果;也用于“看電影”等。watch指“觀察,觀看”.Look指“看”這個動作,常指有意識地看,它是不及物動詞其后接賓語時,應和介詞at連用。【例題】1.一Whatdoyouusuallydointheevening?—IusuallythenewsonTV.A.lookB.LookatC.seeD.watch【例題】2. !Theflagthereiswavingintheair.A.seeB.watchC.lookD.lookatLiuChangsaidthatjoiningtheEnglishclubatschoolwasthebestwaytoimproveherEnglish.劉暢說加入學校的英語俱樂部是提高她的英語的最好方法。E.g.:Mybrotherjoinedthearmylastyear.我兄弟去年參軍去了。注意:join指參加團體組織（成為ー員）,也可用于‘‘參加某種活動”,但不如joinin通用:jointheParty入黨。Joinin指參加活動,多指正在進行的活動:join（sb.）inthediscussion（和 ー起）參加討論。［例題］1.—DoyouknowwhenyoufathertheParty?—Probablyabout20yearsago.A.tookapartinB.joinedin C.joinedD.came【例題】2.—Hi,Tom,pleasecomeoverandus thegame.Let'splaytogether.A.join;toB.takepart;inC.join;/D.takepart;/WegetexcitedaboutsomethingandthenendupspeakinginChinese.我們對有些事情感興趣了,隨后以說漢語而告終。getexcitedabout意為“對…變得興奮”,表示動作,ffobeexcitedabout表示狀態(tài)。Thestudentsgotexcitedabouttheteacherzswords.學生們對老師的話感到很興奮。endup意為“結束,結尾”,后接名詞或動名詞短語,而endupwith意為“以…結束”。E.g.:Ourgamesalwaysendupinaquarrel.我們總是在吵鬧中結束比賽。Thestoryendedupwithasadending.這個故事以ー個令人傷心的結局結尾了?！茎ち蓄}】!.Weallexcitedaboutwhenweheardthattheyhadsuccessfulcrossedtheforest.A.areB.were C.get D.got【例題)2.Muchofthismeatwillprobablyasdogfood.A.endinB.endwithC.endupD.enddownTextII:LastyearmyEnglishclasswasdifficult.Firstofall,itwasn'teasyformetounderstandtheteacherwhenshetalked.Tobeginwith,shespoketooquickly,andIcouldn'tunderstandeveryword.LateronIrealizedthatitdoesn'tmatterifyoudon'tunderstandeveryword.Iwasalsoafraidtospeakinclass,becauseIthoughtmyclassmatesmightlaughatme.Icouldn'talwaysmakecompletesentences,either.ThenIstartedtowatchEnglish-languageTV.Ithelpedalot.Ithinkthatdoinglotsoflisteningpracticeisoneofthesecretsofbecomingagoodlanguagelearner.AnotherthingthatIfoundverydifficultwasEnglishgrammar.SoIdecidedtotakelotsofgrammarnotesineveryclass.ThenIstartedtowritemyownoriginalsentencesusingthegrammarIwaslearning.It'samazinghowmuchthishelped.NowIamenjoyinglearningEnglishandIgotanAthisterm.Myteacherisveryimpressed.TrueorfalseaboutthetextII:ThewriterfoundlearningEnglishdifficultbecause...Theteacher'spronunciationwaspoorPeoplealwayslaughedatherwhenshespoke.Shehadtroublemakingcompletesentences.Englishgrammarwasdifficult.GoingoutwithEnglishspeakingfriends.Lotsoflisteningpractice.Usinggrammarinoriginalsentences.LanguageFocusFirstofall,itwasn'teasyformetounderstandtheteacher.首先,對我而言,聽懂老師的話并不容易。firstofall首先Itis（was）...forsbtodosth在這個句型中,不定式做真正的主語,it是形式主語一些詞組laughatsb嘲笑某人 takenotes記筆enjoydoingsth樂意做某事beimpressed深受感動的表示順序或承接的連詞或詞組:firstofal!首先tobeginwith一開始lateron后來,隨后also也,而且（用于肯定句） either也（用于否定句）so因此 then然后【例題】1.youalitterfromyourparentsrecently?A.Do;get B.Did;getC.Have;getD.Will;get【例J題】2.Haslearnttoproperlywithallkindsofcomplicatedsituations.A.do B.dealC.take D.make［イ列題】3.Hecouldhavespokenatyesterday'smeeting.Buthesilentfromthebeginningtotheend.A.isB.becameC.stayedD.got【例題］4.Hehadtogothepostofficeonhiswaytoschool,sohemailedtheletter.A.toB.in C.by D.into【例題】5.1didnotexpectyou,,Iamverypleasedtoseeyou.A.how B.however C.but D.although［例題］6.Weregardthevisitorsourguests.A.with B.as C.to D.byPractice---aletterfromyourpenfriendrecently?…No,notyet.A.Didyoureceive B.AreyoureceivingC.Willyoureceive D.Haveyoureceived―Howhavetheywiththewastepaper?一Sorry,Idon'tknow.LetmegotoaskthemA.doB.dealC.doneD.dealtThreeyearshassincewecometothisschool.A.passedbyB.passedonC.passedforD.passingby4.stillaminute;Iwanttotakeyourphotograph.A.StayB.StandC.SitD.LieIwouldhavetoldthemessagetoyou.,Iforgotit.A.thereforeB.ThusC.HoweverD.WhileDon'tbeafraidofyourteacher.You'dbetterhavehimyourfriend.A.as B.for C.with D.atIwon'ttakepartinthepartyJoeinvitesme.A.ifB.when C.unless D.becausethewordinthedictionaryandyouリ1getthemeaningbyyourselves.A.LookatB.Lookup C.Lookfor D.Lookover一一doyoulikethefilm?一一Veryinteresting.A.HowB.whoC.whatD.whenStudentsshouldpaymoreattentiontotheteacherinclass.A.hearB.listentoC.hearingofD.listeningtoUnit2Iusedtobeafraidofthedark2.展示另一幅圖畫（蛇）和一位女生做示范對話:▲單元導航:本單元以"Howwehavechanged"為話題,討論自己過去的樣子或愛好,掌握"usedtodosth./usedtobe…"這個結構的用法和本單元中的相關詞匯和句型,學習usedtodosth.的疑問句、否定結構和usedtod。sth.的擴展形式,用說明的方式對人物的外貌、心里活動和動作等進行描寫。Pairwork:?Practicetheconversations,thenmakeconversationsaboutyourselves.Iusedtobeveryquiet.Iknow.Nowyouareveryoutgoing.?Nowaskyourpartnerandpracticetheconversations.Didyouusedtobeafraidthedark?Yes,Idid.Areyoustillafraidofthedark?No,I'mnot.Howaboutyou?Me?Oh,yes,I'mterrifiedofthedark.So,whatdoyoudoaboutit?A.Igotosleepwithmybedroomlighton.LanguageFocus...youusedtobeshort,didrftyou?你過去個頭很矮,不是嗎?本句是個反意疑問句。反意疑問句的一般構成為:陳述句部分為肯定形式,則疑問句部分為否定形式:陳述句部分為否定形式,則陳述句部分為肯定形式。注意:1think/1believe/1guess等的賓語從句的反意疑問句的主謂應和主句的主謂相一致。例如:Idon'tthinkhecanswim,canhe?我認為他不會游泳,對嗎?E.g.:Yourfatherisadoctor,isn'the?你爸爸是一位醫(yī)生,不是嗎?【例題】---Kate'sneverlatefbrschool,?A,isn'tsheB.hasn'theC.issheD.hassheDon'tyourememberme?難道你不記得我嗎?否定的一般疑問句有強調的語氣,常理解為:難道……嗎?E.g.:Don'tyouknowaboutthisnews?難道你不知道這個新聞嗎?注意:在回答這類問題時,要根據(jù)事實回答。事實是肯定,則使用“Yes,十肯定形式”;否定使用“No,+否定形式”。例如：—Didn'tyoudohomeworkyesterday?你昨天沒有做家庭作業(yè)嗎?—Yes,Idid.(No,Ididn't)是的,我做了。(不,沒有)【例題】---Wherewereyou,Tom?Didn'tyouhearme??Mum.IfIdid,Iwouldcomeearlier.A.Yes,Ididn'tB.Yes,IdidC.No,Ididn'tD.No,Ididbeinterestedin對 感興趣beinteresting 乍!趣E.g.:I'mveryinterestedinrunning.我對跑步很感興趣。Therunningisveryinteresting.跑步彳艮有趣。【例題】用interest的適當形式填空:(1)1havebeeninfootballforafewyears.IfoundthemoviewassothatIwanttoseeitagain.WhatmadeyouEnglish?beingalone獨自一人alone是形容詞,是表語形容詞,常作表語或后置定語,意為“單獨,獨自”。E.g.:Thehousestandsaloneonthehill.這房子獨立山頂。注意:alone和lonelyAlone側重表示“單獨一人”這個客觀事實,ifulonely側重表示心理狀態(tài),意為“孤獨的,寂寞的'指地方時意為“人煙稀少的"。例如:Helivesalone,butheneverfeelslonely.他獨自一人生活,但從來也沒有感到過孤獨?！纠}】Insomeforeigncountries,suchasCanada,childrenusuallyleavetheirparentswhengrowup.Itmakestheoldfeel.A.aloneB.lonelyC.frightenedD.enjoyablegotosleepwithmybedroomlighton,我亮著房間的燈睡覺。with是介詞,在這里表示“伴隨的狀態(tài)"。With還意為“和……一起;帶有;具有;使用”等。E.g.:Doyouknowtheboywithafootball?你認識那個拿著足球的男孩嗎?【例題】Ican'tgotosleepthelighton.A.inB.withC.toD.andon在本句中也是副詞,用來說明mybedroomlight,表示“(電器或電源)在使用之中”。E.g.:TheTVisalwaysonintheirhouse.他們家的電視老開著。TextMybiggestproblemMybiggestproblemisthatI'mtoobusy.WhenIwasyoung,Iusedtohavesomuchtime,butthesedaysIgetupearlyandstayinschoolallday.ThenIgorighthomeandeatdinner.BeforeIstartedhighschool,Iusedtospendalotoftimeplayinggameswithmyfriends,butIjustdon'thavethetimeanymore.Intheevening,IusedtowatchTVorchatwithmygrandmother,butnowIhavetostudy.1lovemusic,andmyfatherusedtotakemetoconcerts.Thesedays,Ihardlyeverhavetimeforconcerts.Idomyhomeworkandgotobed.Ireallymisstheolddays.LanguageFocusl.MybiggestproblemisthatFmtoobusy.我最大的問題就是我太忙了。(l)problem常指“需要解決的問題”,常和workout;solve等詞連用。E.g.:IhavealotofproblemstoaskChineseteacher.我有很多問題要問語文老師。注意:question常指“需要解答的問題”,常和ask、answer等動詞連用。busy是形容詞,意為“繁忙的,(電話)占線的”。E.g.:Icalledherlastnight,butit'salwaysbusy.昨晚上我打了電話給她但是電話老是占線。注意:bebusydoingsth.忙于做某事;bebusywithsth.忙于某事。例如:Shewasbusywithherhomeworklastnight,昨天晚上她忙著做作業(yè)。Mymatherisbusycookingnow.我媽媽正在忙著做飯。［例題】Todayenvironmentpollutionisaseriousintheworld.Wemustdosomethingtostopit.A.questionB.problemC.articleD.answer［例題］Idon'tthinkit'salwaysrighttobebusy(make)moneyallday.BeforeIstartedhighschool,Iusedtospendalotoftimeplayinggameswithmyfriends,我上高中前花了很多時間和我的朋友一起玩游戲。spend意為“花費（時間/金錢做某事）”。常構成句型:spendsometime/moneyonsth./（in）doingsth.意為“在（ 上面）花費時間/金錢等:花費時間/金錢做某事”注意:當句中使用，ndoingsth.時,也可以省略介詞in;而且近年來,也見到在介詞on后接doingsth.的情況。E.g.:TheyspendthreemonthstouringEurope.他們花了三個月時間周游歐洲?！纠}】---HowmuchtimedoyouwatchingTV?Lessthananhour.A.takeB.spendC.costD.pay...butnowIhavetostudy. 但現(xiàn)在我必須學習了。haveto是情態(tài)動詞,主語是單數(shù)第三人稱時,使用hasto,意為“必須,不得不”；haveto的疑問句和否定形式應借助助動詞do構成。E.g.:Hefallsfrombicyclesohehastostayathomeforonemonth.他從自行車上摔下來了,他不得不在家呆ー個月注屈：haveto和must這兩個詞都有“必須”的意思;但haveto表示客觀上的義務或需要,而must表示主觀需要或義務。例如:Youmustcleanyourroomeveryday.（表不主觀性）Youhavetocleanyourroomnow.It5stoodirty.（表不客觀性）【例題】句型轉換:改成否定句Youhavetogettoschoolbeforeeighto'clock.Thesedays,Ihardlyeverhavetimeforconcerts.這些日子,我?guī)缀鯖]有時間聽音樂會hardly意為“幾乎不"(=almostnot),這是ー個含否定意義的詞。E.g.:MylegsweresoweakthatIcouldhardlystand,我的腿虛弱得簡直無法站立。Mybrotherhashardlyworkedthisterm,hashe?我兄弟這學期學習沒用什么功,是嗎?注意:hard可做形容詞和副詞,用作形容此時,意為“硬的,堅固的,困難的,費カ的,刻苦的”;用作副詞時,意為“努力地,艱苦地,困難地”;而hardly是另外的ー個副詞,意為“幾乎不”。另外還應注意:在否定句中表示列舉時,應用or.【例題】Theoldmanneverwenttoschool.Sohecanreadwrite.A.hard;andB.not;andC.hardly;andD.hardly;orPracticeWhattheaccident?Doyouknow?A.causedB.madeC.broughtD.tookMaryseemedoursecret.Whotoldher?A.knowB.knewC.knowingD.toknowYoucanseeawhitehouseoftheroad.It'sthepost-office.A.bytheendB.intheend C.attheendD.thelastWealltakeourgreatcountry.A.proudofB.prideinC.proudD.prideyourbadhabitisveryimportantforyourlife.A.GivingB.GivingupC.GivinginD.Givingtoitwasdark,thefarmerswereworkingonthefarm.A./ B.ThoughC.BecauseD.If根據(jù)提示完成下面的句子:.這房子太貴了,我買不起。Thehouseistooexpensive.Ican't ..學好英語對我來說很重要。It,stolearnEnglishwell..最后,他按時完成了作業(yè)。,hefinishedhishomeworkontime..我認為和他談話是浪費我的時間。Ithinktalkingwithhimis.Unit3TeenagersshouldbeAllowedtoChooseTheirOwnClothes▲單元導航:本單元以“rules”為話題,談論同學們應該遵循學校、家庭、社會規(guī)范,掌握“shouldbeallowedtodosth."這個結構的用法和本單元中的相關詞匯和句型,討論"whatyouareallowedtodo?”,學校日常生活中“同意和不同意”的表達方式,以書信的表達方式向你的朋友或老師介紹一下你們班或自己的學習、生活情況,通過本單元的訓練提高學生運用英語的能力。ReadtheconversationSunFei:Wehavealotofrulesatmyhouse.WuYu:Sodowe.Forexample,Ihavetostayathomeonschoolnights.SunFei:Iusuallydo,too.ButsometimesI'mallowedtostudyatafriend'shouse.Whataboutweekends?WuYu:Well,I'mallowedtogotothemovieswithfriendsonFridaynights.SunFei:Me,too,butIhavetobehomeby10:00pm.WuYu:AndonSaturdayafternoon,I'mallowedtogoshoppingwithmyfriends.SunFei:That'snice.WuYu:AndI'mallowedtochoosemyownclothes,butI'mnotallowedtogetmyearspiercedyet.LanguageFocusTeenagersshouldbeallowedtogooutwiththeirfriendseverynight.青少年應該被允許每天晚上和朋友一起出去。allow用作謂語時,可以直接接名詞或動詞ーing形式作賓語,構成句型:allow(doing)sth.:在它的后面也可以接含不定式的復合賓語,構成句型:allowsb.todosth..但在allow的后面不能直接接動詞不定式作賓語。E.g.:Publicplacesdon'tallowsmoking.公共場所不許抽煙。Takingphotosisn'tallowedinsidethismuseum.這家博物館禁止照相【例題】MayIallowedtypewriter?A.useB.touseC.usingD.usedSixteen-year-oldsshouldbeallowedtogettheirearspierced.十六歲的人應該允許穿耳洞。Getsb./sth.+adj./p.p.的意思為“遭到某種情況”或“使...處于某種狀態(tài)”。E.g.:Howdidtheboygetsodirty?這孩子怎么搞的這么臟?I'vealreadygotthedinnercooked.我已做好了晚飯。【例題】Hegothiswristintheaccident.A.brokeB.breakC.brokenD.breakingHeshouldstopwearingthatsillyearring,他應該停戴那難看的耳環(huán)。stop后面可以接名詞、代詞或動詞的ーing形式作賓語,意為“停止做……”。E.g.:Theconductorstoppedtheboygettingonthebus.售票員不讓男孩上車。注意:stopt。dos仇.意為“停下（原來所做的事）,（然后）做另外的一件事”IstoptoreadLesson2.我停下來開始讀第二課?！纠}】Theteacheraskedthestudentstostopandhim.A.writing:listeningtoB.towrite:tolistentoC.writing:tolistentoD.towrite:listeningtoHeneedstospendtimewithfriends,他需要花些時間和他的朋友們在ー起。在這個句子中的need用作行為動詞。當need用作行為動詞時,其后可以接名詞、代詞、動詞不定式或動詞的ーing形式等做賓語,但應該注意1:當need后接"作賓語時具有被動意義。need也可以做情態(tài)動詞,這時在need的后面應該接動詞原形,可以直接由need構成其疑問和否定形式。E.g.:Plantneedswater.植物需要水。Needanybodyknow?有必要讓所有人都知道嗎?【例題】Thewindowisbroken.Soitneeds.A.beingrepairedB.repairingC.repairedD.toberepairingTheyaren^seriousenoughatthatage,在那樣的年齡,他們不夠嚴肅認真。Enough用作一個形容詞修飾ー個名詞的時候,可以放在名詞的前面或后面;但是當enough用作副詞修飾ー個形容詞或另外的ー個副詞時,只能放其后。Enough用作名詞時,意為“足夠的人或事物”。E.g.:Wehaveenoughtime（ortimeenough）todrawthispicure.我們有足夠的時間畫這幅畫。【例題】Theyoungmanistocarrytheheavybox.A.enoughstrong B.strongenoughC.toostrong D.sostrong【例題】ーWouldyoulikesomemorechicken?…No.I'vehad.

A.fullB.enoughC.anenoughD.fullenoughA.fullB.enoughC.anenoughD.fullenough6.…Wehavealotofrulesatmyhouse.在我們家里有很多規(guī)矩?！璖odowe?我們也是?！皊odowe”是個倒裝句,其中的so是個代詞,指代上文所陳述的事實。意思是:前者所陳述的事實也符合后者。E.g.:---1canspeakEnglishfluently.我會講流利的英語一-Socanmysister.我姐姐也會。注意:在使用這個句型的時候,句中的動詞應和上一個句中的動詞相一致。LanguageFocusParentsshouldnotbetoostrictwithteenagers.父母不應該要求年輕人太嚴格。bestrictwithsb.對（某人）嚴格要求。表示“對（某事）嚴格要求”時,使用短語bestrictinsth.〇E.g.:Myfatherisstrictwithus.我父親對我們很嚴厲。Theteacherisstrictinhiswork〇【例題】FatheraskedXiaoMingtobestricthimselfandhisstudy.A.with;withB.with;inC.in;inD.in;withTheotherday,myfriendsandItalkedabouttherulesthatwehaveinschool.前幾天,我和朋友談到了學校的規(guī)章制度。theotherday是個習慣短語,意為“notmanydaysago”,即“幾天以前”或“前幾天”。E.g.:weshouldhavedoneittheotherday.我們本應該在幾天前做好它的。...ifwedidthat,wewouldconcentratemoreon