過去完成時(shí)(詳細(xì)講解)課件

過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)Thepresentperfecttense（現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）Have/has+thepastparticipleIhavereceivedaletterfromLilyrecently.Hashehandedinherhomeworkyet?Hehas

just

gonetoBeijing.Theyhave

never

beentotheUSA.Wehavelivedhereforten

years.Thepresentperfecttense（現(xiàn)在完成過去完成時(shí)使用要點(diǎn)：

1兩個(gè)動(dòng)作都發(fā)生在過去。

2一個(gè)先發(fā)生，一個(gè)后發(fā)生。先發(fā)生的動(dòng)作用過去完成，后發(fā)生的動(dòng)作用一般過去。Audreyhadputallhereffortintoballettrainingbeforesheentered

thefilmindustry.AudreyhadbeenamodelbeforeshebecameaHollywoodsuperstar.AudreyhadwonanOscarforBestActressalreadywhenshewon

theTonyAwards.formeraction

lateraction

lateraction

formeraction

formeraction

lateraction

過去完成時(shí)使用要點(diǎn)：

1兩個(gè)動(dòng)作都發(fā)生在過去。

2一個(gè)先發(fā)生Whichhappenedfirst?1.Millieranbacktoschool. Millielefthermagazineintheclassroom.2.Simonleftschoollate. Thefootballgamestartedlate.3.Danielarrivedoutofbreath. Danielwenttothewrongcinema.becausebecausebecauseMillieranbacktoschoolbecauseshehadlefthermagazineintheclassroom.Simonleftschoollatebecausethefootballgamehadstartedlate.

Danielarrivedoutofbreathbecausehehadgonetothewrongcinema.

Whichhappenedfirst?1.MillieWhichhappenedfirst?1.Millieranbacktoschool. Millielefthermagazineintheclassroom.2.Simonleftschoollate. Thefootballgamestartedlate.3.Danielarrivedoutofbreath. Danielwenttothewrongcinema.becausebecausebecauseMillieranbacktoschoolbecauseshehadlefthermagazineintheclassroom.Simonleftschoollatebecausethefootballgamehadstartedlate.

Danielarrivedoutofbreathbecausehehadgonetothewrongcinema.

Whichhappenedfirst?1.Millie4.Amylostherpurse. Amywenttothepolicestation.5.Theprogramwasonforhalfanhour. Igothome.6.ShelearntmanyEnglishwords. Shecametoourschool.afterwhenbeforeAmywenttothepolicestationaftershehadlostherpurse.TheprogramhadbeenonforhalfanhourwhenIgothome.ShehadlearntmanyEnglishwordsbeforeshecametoourschool.4.Amylostherpurse.afterwheSomethinginGreen’sfamilyyesterdayMr.Greengotupat6:30a.m.

Mrs.Greengotreadyforthebreakfastbefore6:30a.m.Mrs.GreenhadgotreadyforthebreakfastwhenMr.Greengotupat6:30a.m.SomethinginGreen’sfamilyyeSomethinginGreen’sfamily

yesterdayJimfinishedhishomeworkat7:00p.m.Mr.Greendrovebackhomeat7:30p.m.Jimhadfinishedhishomeworkwhenhisfatherdrovebacklastnight.SomethinginGreen’sfamilyyeSomethinginGreen’sfamily

yesterdaySarafinishedhercomputerworkat12:00p.m.Jimwenttosleepat10:00p.m.JimhadgonetosleepwhenSarafinishedhercomputerwork.SomethinginGreen’sfamilyyepastperfecttense（過去完成時(shí)）由had+過去分詞構(gòu)成表示過去的過去生的動(dòng)作構(gòu)成方式:肯定句:had+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞否定句:hadnot+過去分詞一般疑問句:had+主語+過去分詞肯定回答:Yes,主語+had.否定回答:No,主語+hadn’t.pastperfecttense（過去完成時(shí)）由had基本用法:1.過去完成時(shí)表示在過去某時(shí)或某個(gè)動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)或表示經(jīng)歷或經(jīng)驗(yàn).(1)我說自從你搬到這兒以來媽媽一直為你的懶惰而生氣.辨別：自從你搬到這兒以來媽媽一直為你的懶惰而生氣.Isaidmotherhadbeenangryaboutyourlazinesssincewemovedhere.Motherhasbeenangryaboutyourlazinesssincewemovedhere.基本用法:1.過去完成時(shí)表示在過去某時(shí)或某個(gè)動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生的Thefilmhadbegun

beforewegottothecinema.(2)我到達(dá)電影院之前電影早已經(jīng)開始了.Thefilmhadbegunbeforeweg2.過去完成時(shí)表示過去某一時(shí)間以前開始一直延續(xù)到那個(gè)時(shí)間并可能延續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作。常和by或since,for引導(dǎo)的表時(shí)間的從句或短語連用,但必須要與一個(gè)表示過去時(shí)的動(dòng)作相對(duì)照.1)他來我們學(xué)校之前已經(jīng)在那所學(xué)校工作了三年。辨別：他已經(jīng)在那所學(xué)校工作了三年。He

hadworkedinthatschoolforthreeyearsbeforehecametoourschool.Hehasworkedinthatschoolforthreeyears2.過去完成時(shí)表示過去某一時(shí)間以前開始一直延續(xù)到那個(gè)時(shí)間并我到達(dá)電影院之前電影早已經(jīng)開始了.Thefilmhadbegun

beforewegottothecinema.2）當(dāng)Millie到達(dá)電影院的時(shí)候,電影已經(jīng)開始了半個(gè)小時(shí)了.Thefilm

hadalreadybeenon

forhalfanhour

whenMilliegottothecinema.我到達(dá)電影院之前電影早已經(jīng)開始了.Thefilmhad3）到2005年，我在這工作已經(jīng)五年了。試比較：Bytheyear2005,Ihadworkedherefor5years.我在這工作已經(jīng)五年了。Ihaveworkedherefor5years.到目前為止，我在這工作已經(jīng)五年了。Bynow,Ihaveworkedherefor5years.到上學(xué)期末為止，我在這工作已經(jīng)五年了。Bytheendoflastterm,Ihadworkedherefor5years.到下學(xué)期末，我將完成學(xué)業(yè)。Bytheendofnextterm,Iwillfinishschool.3）到2005年，我在這工作已經(jīng)五年了。試比較：Bythe3.過去完成時(shí)表示在某一動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作.過去的時(shí)間由before,after,when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間從句表示出來.1.我在你回來之前就已經(jīng)把晚飯準(zhǔn)備好了.2.當(dāng)我趕到學(xué)校時(shí),已經(jīng)開始上課了.3.在我到家之前他已經(jīng)走了.Ihadfinishedcookingdinnerbeforeyoucameback.TheclasshadbegunwhenIgottoschool.HehadleftbeforeIgothome.3.過去完成時(shí)表示在某一動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作.過去的時(shí)試比較：Ihadfinishedcookingdinnerwhenyoucameback.1.你回來的時(shí)候，我已經(jīng)把晚飯做好了.辨別：你回來的時(shí)候，我正在做晚飯.所以沒時(shí)間和你聊天。Iwascookingdinnerwhenyoucameback.SoIhadnotimetotalkwithyou.試比較：Ihadfinishedcookingdin試比較：2.在我到家之前，他已經(jīng)走了。HehadleftbeforeIarrivedhome.HewasgettingreadytoleavewhenIarrivedhome.辨別：當(dāng)我到家的時(shí)候，他正準(zhǔn)備離開。試比較：2.在我到家之前，他已經(jīng)走了。Hehadlef4.在told,said,knew,heard,thought等動(dòng)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中，一般用過去完成時(shí)。1.她說她從來沒有去過巴黎。Shesaid

(that)

shehadneverbeentoParis.2.我覺得我以前見過他。Ithoughtthat

Ihadseenhimbefore.3.Tom說他借了這本書兩周了。Tomsaid

hehad

borrowedthebookfor2weeks.kept4.在told,said,knew,heard,th試作比較：昨天我見到王先生了。自從他離開北京我們就一直未曾見過面。IsawMr.Wangyesterday.We

hadnotseen

eachothersinceheleftBeijing.自從他離開北京我們就一直未曾見過面。

We

havenotseen

eachothersinceheleftBeijing.試作比較：昨天我見到王先生了。自從他離開北京我們就一直未曾見5.表示意向的動(dòng)詞，如hope,wish,expect,think,mean,suppose等，用過去完成時(shí)表示“原本……，未能……”。

1.結(jié)果比我們原來想象的要好。Theresultwasbetter

thanwhatwehadexpected.2.我們原本期望你會(huì)來的，但是你沒有來。Wehadhopedthat

youwouldcome,butyoudidn't.5.表示意向的動(dòng)詞，如hope,wish,expect過去完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去,但側(cè)重對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果或造成的影響,與現(xiàn)在有關(guān).其結(jié)構(gòu)是have/has+過去分詞;過去完成時(shí)則是一個(gè)相對(duì)的時(shí)態(tài),它所表示的動(dòng)作不僅發(fā)生在過去,更強(qiáng)調(diào)”過去的過去”,只有和過去的某時(shí)或某動(dòng)作相比較時(shí),才用到它.到目前為止我已經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)了3000個(gè)單詞.到那時(shí)我已經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)了3000個(gè)英語單詞.Ihavelearned3000Englishwordssofar/tillnow.

Ihadlearned3000Englishwordstillthen.

過去完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去,過去完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別1.時(shí)間狀語不同．過去完成時(shí)在時(shí)間上強(qiáng)調(diào)“過去的過去”，而一般過去時(shí)只強(qiáng)調(diào)過去某一特定的時(shí)間.They

hadarrivedat

thestation

byten

yesterday.

(說明不到１０點(diǎn)就在車站了）They

arrivedat

thestation

atten

yesterday.(說明１０點(diǎn)到車站的）過去完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別1.時(shí)間狀語不同．過去完成時(shí)在2)在沒有明確的時(shí)間狀語做標(biāo)志時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間先后須依據(jù)上下文來判斷，先發(fā)生的用過去完成時(shí)，后發(fā)生的用一般過去時(shí)．Ihadfinishedmyhomeworkbeforemymothercameback.在媽媽回來前，我已經(jīng)把作業(yè)寫完了。2)在沒有明確的時(shí)間狀語做標(biāo)志時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間３)當(dāng)兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的動(dòng)作用and或but連接時(shí)，按時(shí)間順序只需用一般過去時(shí)代替過去完成時(shí)；另外在引導(dǎo)的從句中由于這些連詞本身已經(jīng)表示時(shí)間的先后，因此也可以用過去時(shí)來代替過去完成時(shí)Heenteredtheroom,turnedonthelightandreadaneveningpaper.I(had)calledherbeforeIlefttheoffice.３)當(dāng)兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的動(dòng)作用and或but連接時(shí)，按時(shí)間順總結(jié)：1

兩個(gè)動(dòng)作都發(fā)生在過去，但有先后順序。比較明顯的時(shí)間詞是when,before,after.注意when引導(dǎo)的過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。2by,till,upto引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間

bytheendoflastterm,lastmonth過去完成時(shí)

nextterm,thisterm一般將來時(shí)

bynow現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)3句子中出現(xiàn)for,since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間，必須有hesaid,hetoldme,heknew等一般過去時(shí)作為參照，才能使用過去完成時(shí)。4

語境題。要根據(jù)前后句意來判斷。Hedidn’tgowithme,becausehehadbeentherebefore.總結(jié)：一次性動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的替換begin,start(表上映)=beon,begin,starttodo=doend,finish=beoveropen=beopenclose=beclosed,buy=haveborrow=keep,died=bedeadleave(sw)=beaway(fromsw)gettoknow=know,come,go=bejoin=bein,beamemberofarrive,get,reach=bebecomeinterestedin=beinterestedintakeawalk/rest=haveawalk/restreceive/getaletterfromsb,hearfrom=havealetterfromsb一次性動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的替換MorepracticeWhenIarrivedthere,they___________(leave)already.Thefilm______________(start),whenwegottothecinema.I___________(read)thebookbeforeIstartedschool.Theythoughtthatthey___________(try)theirbest.Thepoorgirlneversawhergrandpabecausehe__________________(passaway)beforeshewasborn.I_______________(notrealize)shewasn’tChineseuntilshespoke.He_________(notsee)thefilmyesterday,becausehe___________(see)italreadybefore.hadlefthadstartedhadreadhadtriedhadpassedawayhadn’trealizeddidn’tseehadseenMorepracticeWhenIarrivedth選擇填空()1.---“DidyouseeTomattheparty?”---“No,Marytoldmethathe___bythetimeIgotthere.”A.leftB.wasleavingC.hadleftD.hasleft()2.Hesaidthathe____hislunchyet.A.hadn’thadB.hasn’thadC.wouldn’thaveD.washaving()3.Bytheendoflastyearwe____eachotherfortenyears.A.haveknownB.knewC.wereknowingD.hadknown()4.IsawLiLeiyesterday.Wehadn’tseeneachother______IleftBeijing.A.afterB.beforeC.sinceD.untilcA

D

c選擇填空cADc()6.Ilearned_______thecityforalongtime.shehasbeeninB.shehasgonetoC.shehadbeeninD.shehadgoneto()7.Hesaidthathe_______acoldforthreedays.A.hasB.hadcaughtC.hadhadD.hasgot()8.IsawKatewithanewradioinherhandyesterday,butshetoldmeshe______theradiofortendays.hasboughtB.hadboughtC.hashadD.hadhadccD

()6.Ilearned_______the()9.Thefilm______whenIgotthere.A.hasbegunB.hadalreadystartedC.beganD.havealreadybegun()10.Thefilm_______fortenminutes

whenwegottothecinema.A.hadalreadybeenonB.hadalreadybegunC.havealreadybeenonD.havealreadybegunA

B

()9.Thefilm______whenMorepractice:Hetoldmehe________(meet)herbefore.Shethankedme

forwhatI_______(do)forherson.I________(learn)300wordsbytheendoflastmonth.He_______(leave)hisofficewhenIarrivedthere.She_________(visit)thecitythreetimesbeforeshediedin1997.

Theyknewshe___________(borrow)alotofmoneyforherdaughter.7.Greatchanges__________(take)placeinmyhometownsince1996.8.He__________(live)inBeijingsincehewasborn.Hetoldmehe________(live)inBeijingsincehewasborn.hadmethaddonehadlearnthadlefthadvisitedhadborrowedhavetakenhaslivedhadlivedMorepractice:hadmethaddoneh1.他來我們學(xué)校之前已經(jīng)在那所學(xué)校工作了三年.2.當(dāng)Millie到達(dá)電影院的時(shí)候,電影已經(jīng)開始了半個(gè)小時(shí)了.3.自從他離開南京我們就一直沒有見過面.

He

hadworked

inthatschoolforthreeyearsbeforehecametoourschool.Thefilm

hadalreadybeenonforhalfanhour

whenMilliegottothecinema.We

haven’tseen

eachothersinceheleftNanjing.4.到上學(xué)期末,我們已經(jīng)學(xué)歷4000多個(gè)單詞.Bytheendoflastterm,

wehadlearnt

over4,000words.1.他來我們學(xué)校之前已經(jīng)在那所學(xué)校工作了三年.2.當(dāng)Mi5.我們完成這項(xiàng)工作比預(yù)料中的時(shí)間要早的多.6.貝爾在30歲前發(fā)明了電話.Wefinishedtheworkmuchearlier

thanwehadexpected.Bellhadinvented

thetelephonebeforehewas30.Theyoungcouple

hadlived

here

forthreeyears

beforehemovedhere.7.在他搬到這里之前,那對(duì)夫婦已經(jīng)在這兒住了三年了.5.我們完成這項(xiàng)工作比預(yù)料中的時(shí)間要早的多.6.貝爾在3過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)Thepresentperfecttense（現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）Have/has+thepastparticipleIhavereceivedaletterfromLilyrecently.Hashehandedinherhomeworkyet?Hehas

just

gonetoBeijing.Theyhave

never

beentotheUSA.Wehavelivedhereforten

years.Thepresentperfecttense（現(xiàn)在完成過去完成時(shí)使用要點(diǎn)：

1兩個(gè)動(dòng)作都發(fā)生在過去。

2一個(gè)先發(fā)生，一個(gè)后發(fā)生。先發(fā)生的動(dòng)作用過去完成，后發(fā)生的動(dòng)作用一般過去。Audreyhadputallhereffortintoballettrainingbeforesheentered

thefilmindustry.AudreyhadbeenamodelbeforeshebecameaHollywoodsuperstar.AudreyhadwonanOscarforBestActressalreadywhenshewon

theTonyAwards.formeraction

lateraction

lateraction

formeraction

formeraction

lateraction

過去完成時(shí)使用要點(diǎn)：

1兩個(gè)動(dòng)作都發(fā)生在過去。

2一個(gè)先發(fā)生Whichhappenedfirst?1.Millieranbacktoschool. Millielefthermagazineintheclassroom.2.Simonleftschoollate. Thefootballgamestartedlate.3.Danielarrivedoutofbreath. Danielwenttothewrongcinema.becausebecausebecauseMillieranbacktoschoolbecauseshehadlefthermagazineintheclassroom.Simonleftschoollatebecausethefootballgamehadstartedlate.

Danielarrivedoutofbreathbecausehehadgonetothewrongcinema.

Whichhappenedfirst?1.MillieWhichhappenedfirst?1.Millieranbacktoschool. Millielefthermagazineintheclassroom.2.Simonleftschoollate. Thefootballgamestartedlate.3.Danielarrivedoutofbreath. Danielwenttothewrongcinema.becausebecausebecauseMillieranbacktoschoolbecauseshehadlefthermagazineintheclassroom.Simonleftschoollatebecausethefootballgamehadstartedlate.

Danielarrivedoutofbreathbecausehehadgonetothewrongcinema.

Whichhappenedfirst?1.Millie4.Amylostherpurse. Amywenttothepolicestation.5.Theprogramwasonforhalfanhour. Igothome.6.ShelearntmanyEnglishwords. Shecametoourschool.afterwhenbeforeAmywenttothepolicestationaftershehadlostherpurse.TheprogramhadbeenonforhalfanhourwhenIgothome.ShehadlearntmanyEnglishwordsbeforeshecametoourschool.4.Amylostherpurse.afterwheSomethinginGreen’sfamilyyesterdayMr.Greengotupat6:30a.m.

Mrs.Greengotreadyforthebreakfastbefore6:30a.m.Mrs.GreenhadgotreadyforthebreakfastwhenMr.Greengotupat6:30a.m.SomethinginGreen’sfamilyyeSomethinginGreen’sfamily

yesterdayJimfinishedhishomeworkat7:00p.m.Mr.Greendrovebackhomeat7:30p.m.Jimhadfinishedhishomeworkwhenhisfatherdrovebacklastnight.SomethinginGreen’sfamilyyeSomethinginGreen’sfamily

yesterdaySarafinishedhercomputerworkat12:00p.m.Jimwenttosleepat10:00p.m.JimhadgonetosleepwhenSarafinishedhercomputerwork.SomethinginGreen’sfamilyyepastperfecttense（過去完成時(shí)）由had+過去分詞構(gòu)成表示過去的過去生的動(dòng)作構(gòu)成方式:肯定句:had+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞否定句:hadnot+過去分詞一般疑問句:had+主語+過去分詞肯定回答:Yes,主語+had.否定回答:No,主語+hadn’t.pastperfecttense（過去完成時(shí)）由had基本用法:1.過去完成時(shí)表示在過去某時(shí)或某個(gè)動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)或表示經(jīng)歷或經(jīng)驗(yàn).(1)我說自從你搬到這兒以來媽媽一直為你的懶惰而生氣.辨別：自從你搬到這兒以來媽媽一直為你的懶惰而生氣.Isaidmotherhadbeenangryaboutyourlazinesssincewemovedhere.Motherhasbeenangryaboutyourlazinesssincewemovedhere.基本用法:1.過去完成時(shí)表示在過去某時(shí)或某個(gè)動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生的Thefilmhadbegun

beforewegottothecinema.(2)我到達(dá)電影院之前電影早已經(jīng)開始了.Thefilmhadbegunbeforeweg2.過去完成時(shí)表示過去某一時(shí)間以前開始一直延續(xù)到那個(gè)時(shí)間并可能延續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作。常和by或since,for引導(dǎo)的表時(shí)間的從句或短語連用,但必須要與一個(gè)表示過去時(shí)的動(dòng)作相對(duì)照.1)他來我們學(xué)校之前已經(jīng)在那所學(xué)校工作了三年。辨別：他已經(jīng)在那所學(xué)校工作了三年。He

hadworkedinthatschoolforthreeyearsbeforehecametoourschool.Hehasworkedinthatschoolforthreeyears2.過去完成時(shí)表示過去某一時(shí)間以前開始一直延續(xù)到那個(gè)時(shí)間并我到達(dá)電影院之前電影早已經(jīng)開始了.Thefilmhadbegun

beforewegottothecinema.2）當(dāng)Millie到達(dá)電影院的時(shí)候,電影已經(jīng)開始了半個(gè)小時(shí)了.Thefilm

hadalreadybeenon

forhalfanhour

whenMilliegottothecinema.我到達(dá)電影院之前電影早已經(jīng)開始了.Thefilmhad3）到2005年，我在這工作已經(jīng)五年了。試比較：Bytheyear2005,Ihadworkedherefor5years.我在這工作已經(jīng)五年了。Ihaveworkedherefor5years.到目前為止，我在這工作已經(jīng)五年了。Bynow,Ihaveworkedherefor5years.到上學(xué)期末為止，我在這工作已經(jīng)五年了。Bytheendoflastterm,Ihadworkedherefor5years.到下學(xué)期末，我將完成學(xué)業(yè)。Bytheendofnextterm,Iwillfinishschool.3）到2005年，我在這工作已經(jīng)五年了。試比較：Bythe3.過去完成時(shí)表示在某一動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作.過去的時(shí)間由before,after,when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間從句表示出來.1.我在你回來之前就已經(jīng)把晚飯準(zhǔn)備好了.2.當(dāng)我趕到學(xué)校時(shí),已經(jīng)開始上課了.3.在我到家之前他已經(jīng)走了.Ihadfinishedcookingdinnerbeforeyoucameback.TheclasshadbegunwhenIgottoschool.HehadleftbeforeIgothome.3.過去完成時(shí)表示在某一動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作.過去的時(shí)試比較：Ihadfinishedcookingdinnerwhenyoucameback.1.你回來的時(shí)候，我已經(jīng)把晚飯做好了.辨別：你回來的時(shí)候，我正在做晚飯.所以沒時(shí)間和你聊天。Iwascookingdinnerwhenyoucameback.SoIhadnotimetotalkwithyou.試比較：Ihadfinishedcookingdin試比較：2.在我到家之前，他已經(jīng)走了。HehadleftbeforeIarrivedhome.HewasgettingreadytoleavewhenIarrivedhome.辨別：當(dāng)我到家的時(shí)候，他正準(zhǔn)備離開。試比較：2.在我到家之前，他已經(jīng)走了。Hehadlef4.在told,said,knew,heard,thought等動(dòng)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中，一般用過去完成時(shí)。1.她說她從來沒有去過巴黎。Shesaid

(that)

shehadneverbeentoParis.2.我覺得我以前見過他。Ithoughtthat

Ihadseenhimbefore.3.Tom說他借了這本書兩周了。Tomsaid

hehad

borrowedthebookfor2weeks.kept4.在told,said,knew,heard,th試作比較：昨天我見到王先生了。自從他離開北京我們就一直未曾見過面。IsawMr.Wangyesterday.We

hadnotseen

eachothersinceheleftBeijing.自從他離開北京我們就一直未曾見過面。

We

havenotseen

eachothersinceheleftBeijing.試作比較：昨天我見到王先生了。自從他離開北京我們就一直未曾見5.表示意向的動(dòng)詞，如hope,wish,expect,think,mean,suppose等，用過去完成時(shí)表示“原本……，未能……”。

1.結(jié)果比我們原來想象的要好。Theresultwasbetter

thanwhatwehadexpected.2.我們原本期望你會(huì)來的，但是你沒有來。Wehadhopedthat

youwouldcome,butyoudidn't.5.表示意向的動(dòng)詞，如hope,wish,expect過去完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去,但側(cè)重對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果或造成的影響,與現(xiàn)在有關(guān).其結(jié)構(gòu)是have/has+過去分詞;過去完成時(shí)則是一個(gè)相對(duì)的時(shí)態(tài),它所表示的動(dòng)作不僅發(fā)生在過去,更強(qiáng)調(diào)”過去的過去”,只有和過去的某時(shí)或某動(dòng)作相比較時(shí),才用到它.到目前為止我已經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)了3000個(gè)單詞.到那時(shí)我已經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)了3000個(gè)英語單詞.Ihavelearned3000Englishwordssofar/tillnow.

Ihadlearned3000Englishwordstillthen.

過去完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去,過去完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別1.時(shí)間狀語不同．過去完成時(shí)在時(shí)間上強(qiáng)調(diào)“過去的過去”，而一般過去時(shí)只強(qiáng)調(diào)過去某一特定的時(shí)間.They

hadarrivedat

thestation

byten

yesterday.

(說明不到１０點(diǎn)就在車站了）They

arrivedat

thestation

atten

yesterday.(說明１０點(diǎn)到車站的）過去完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別1.時(shí)間狀語不同．過去完成時(shí)在2)在沒有明確的時(shí)間狀語做標(biāo)志時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間先后須依據(jù)上下文來判斷，先發(fā)生的用過去完成時(shí)，后發(fā)生的用一般過去時(shí)．Ihadfinishedmyhomeworkbeforemymothercameback.在媽媽回來前，我已經(jīng)把作業(yè)寫完了。2)在沒有明確的時(shí)間狀語做標(biāo)志時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間３)當(dāng)兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的動(dòng)作用and或but連接時(shí)，按時(shí)間順序只需用一般過去時(shí)代替過去完成時(shí)；另外在引導(dǎo)的從句中由于這些連詞本身已經(jīng)表示時(shí)間的先后，因此也可以用過去時(shí)來代替過去完成時(shí)Heenteredtheroom,turnedonthelightandreadaneveningpaper.I(had)calledherbeforeIlefttheoffice.３)當(dāng)兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的動(dòng)作用and或but連接時(shí)，按時(shí)間順總結(jié)：1

兩個(gè)動(dòng)作都發(fā)生在過去，但有先后順序。比較明顯的時(shí)間詞是when,before,after.注意when引導(dǎo)的過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。2by,till,upto引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間

bytheendoflastterm,lastmonth過去完成時(shí)

nextterm,thisterm一般將來時(shí)

bynow現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)3句子中出現(xiàn)for,since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間，必須有hesaid,hetoldme,heknew等一般過去時(shí)作為參照，才能使用過去完成時(shí)。4

語境題。要根據(jù)前后句意來判斷。Hedidn’tgowithme,becausehehadbeentherebefore.總結(jié)：一次性動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的替換begin,start(表上映)=beon,begin,starttodo=doend,finish=beoveropen=beopenclose=beclosed,buy=haveborrow=keep,died=bedeadleave(sw)=beaway(fromsw)gettoknow=know,come,go=bejoin=bein,beamemberofarrive,get,reach=bebecomeinterestedin=beinterestedintakeawalk/rest=haveawalk/restreceive/getaletterfromsb,hearfrom=havealetterfromsb一次性動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的替換MorepracticeWhenIarrivedthere,they___________(leave)already.Thefilm______________(start),whenwegottothecinema.I___________(read)thebookbeforeIstartedschool.Theythoughtthatthey___________(try)theirbest.Thepoorgirlneversawhergrandpabecausehe__________________(passaway)beforeshewasborn.I_______________(notrealize)shewasn’tChineseuntilshespoke.He_________(notsee)thefilmyesterday,becausehe___________(see)italreadybefore.hadlefthadstartedhadreadhadtriedhadpassedawayhadn’trealizeddidn’tseehadseenMorepracticeWhenIarrivedth選擇填空()1.---“DidyouseeTomattheparty?”---“No,Marytoldmethathe___bythetimeIgotthere.”A.leftB.wasleavingC.hadleftD.hasleft()2.Hesaidthathe____hislunchyet.A.hadn’thadB.hasn’thadC.wouldn’thaveD.washaving()3.Bytheendoflastyearwe____eachotherfortenyears.A.haveknownB.knewC.wereknowingD.hadknown()4.IsawLiLeiyesterday.Wehadn’tseeneachother______IleftBeijing.A.afterB.beforeC.s