考研考博-英語(yǔ)-新疆天山職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-新疆天山職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

OrangejuiceandbeefformpartofthedietofmanypeopleinMexicoandothercountriesoftheAmericas.Butthetracesofantibioticsandfungicidestheycancontainposeriskstohumanhealth,andauthoritiesintheregionhavebeguntoaddresstheproblem.

InJanuary2012,theUSFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)announcedabanon‘extralabel'orunapprovedusesofcephalosporinantimicrobialdrugsincattle,swine,chickensandturkeysasofApril2012.

Asaresult,MexicowillbeforcedtograduallyeliminatetheuseofthisclassofantimicrobialdrugsinordertocontinuetoexportproductstomarketsliketheUnitedStates,becausecattleinMexico,whichhasatotalherdof25millionheadaccordingtotheministryofagriculture,receivelargedosesofantibioticslikepenicillin,tetracyclineandcephalosporinstopreventbacterialinfections.

Mexico'sministryofagriculturehasactuallyamanualforgoodlivestockpracticesregardingraisingbeefinfeedlots,whichrecommendsonlyusingregisteredmedications,notusingapprovedcombinationsofmedicines,andusingnarrowspectrumantimicrobialstotreataspecificdiseasewheneverpossible.

Inaddition,regulationsfortheNationalAnimalIdentificationSystemarependingapproval.Thesystem,whichcoverscattle,sheep,goats,horses,swineandbees,willprovideforcompletetraceabilityofanimalsandproducts.

Anumberofscientificstudieshavefoundtracesofdrugsinanimalproducts.OneexampleisthestudycarriedoutinthewesternMexicanstateofJalisco,thecountry'sleadingmilkproducer“EvaluationofthepresenceofantibioticandchemotherapyresiduesinmilkinJalisco,Mexico”,publishedin2009intheAnimalHealthJournal.

ItcanbeconcludedthatthereisaproblemofcontaminationwithantimicrobialsinthemilkconsumedinJalisco,inviolationofthecountry'sregulations,saysthestudybyfiveresearchersattheUniversityCenteronBiologicalandAgriculturalSciencesoftheUniversityofGuadalajara.

Ofthe264samplesanalyzed,26(9.8percent)hadresiduesofantimicrobialdrugs,and77percentofthesamplesthattestedpositivefortraceshadatleastonesulfonamide.

SinceMexicoproducesmorethan10billionlitersofmilkayear,accordingtoministryofagriculturefigures,“Mexicoshouldshifttoapolicyofnon-chemicalcontrols,”saidthechiefresearcher.TheInternationalProgrammeonChemicalSafety,acooperativeprogramme,oftheWorldHealthOrganization,InternationalLaborOrganizationandUNEnvironmentProgrammesaysthefungicidecanremaininthesoilforuptothreeyears.

HowevertheseissuesarenotaddressedbytheNationalStrategyforSustainableProductionandConsumptionthattheMexicangovernmentisdrafting.

1.Whichofthefollowingcanbeastatementofthemainideaofthispassage?

2.TheNationalAnimalIdentificationSystem（）.

3.Therehasbeenevidencethat（）.

4.“Mexicoshouldshifttoapolicyofnon-chemicalcontrols”means（）.

5.Fungicidescallremainsinthesoilforupto（）.

6.Thetopicofthispassageis（）.

7.Thetoneofthispassagecanbedescribedas（）.

8.Theword“addressed”(Line1,lastparagraph)canbebestreplacedby

（）

.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Orangejuiceandbeefformpart&thedietofmanyMexicanpeople.

B.Mexicoexportscattle,swine,chickensandturkeystotheUnitedStateseveryyear.

C.Mexicoshouldkeeptracesofantibioticsoutoffood.

D.MexicanMinistryofAgriculturefailstocontrolfoodproducts

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.hasbeenapprovedrecentlybytheMinistryofAgricultureofMexico

B.cantraceanimalsandtheproductsfromthem

C.standardizesanimalraisingintheworld

D.hasbeendraftedbytheexpertsoftheagriculturalministryexperts

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Mexicananimalproductshavetracesofdrugsusedinthecourseoftheirgrowth

B.heUnitedStatesannouncedabanonanimalproductsfromMexico

C.contaminationwithantimicrobialshasbeenwidelyfoundinMexicanfoodproducts

D.77%OfMexicananimalproductshavetracesofchemicals

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.MexicoshouldprohibittheUseofchemicalsinanimals

B.Mexicoshouldadoptapolicyofnotcontrollingchemicaluses

C.Mexicangovernmentcontrolledchemicaluseinthepast,butnotinthefuture

D.Mexicangovernmentshouldchangethepolicyofnotcontrollingchemicals

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.threedays

B.threeweeks

C.threemonths

D.threeyears

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.Mexicandietarytraditions

B.Mexicanagriculturalproduce

C.contaminationofMexicananimalfoodproducts

D.Mexicansustainableproduction

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.affective

B.critical

C.objective

D.subjective

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.dealtwith

B.said

C.talked

D.mentioned

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

第6題:C

第7題:C

第8題:A

【解析】1.結(jié)合全文可知,本文主要講的是墨西哥應(yīng)該在食品中停止抗生素的使用,只有選項(xiàng)C能概括文章大意。

2.根據(jù)第五段的內(nèi)容可知,該系統(tǒng)涵蓋牛、羊、山羊、馬、豬和蜜蜂,將為動(dòng)物和產(chǎn)品提供完整的可追溯性。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

3.根據(jù)第六段第一句“Anumberofscientificstudieshavefoundtracesofdrugsinanimalproducts.”可知,是在動(dòng)物制品中檢測(cè)出藥物痕跡,而不是在動(dòng)物生長(zhǎng)的過(guò)程中,選項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知,美國(guó)是禁止使用藥物而不是禁止進(jìn)口墨西哥產(chǎn)品,選項(xiàng)B錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)原文倒數(shù)第三段可知是77%的樣品被檢測(cè)出含有微量化學(xué)物質(zhì),而不是所有產(chǎn)品的77%,所以選項(xiàng)D也不正確。只有選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

4.結(jié)合原文內(nèi)容可首先排除選項(xiàng)B和D；原文句意：墨西哥應(yīng)該轉(zhuǎn)向,說(shuō)明墨西哥以前并沒(méi)有采取過(guò)非化學(xué)控制政策,所以選項(xiàng)不正確；只有選項(xiàng)A是正確的。

5.根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句“thefungicidecanremaininthesoilforuptothreeyears.”可知選項(xiàng)D正確。

6.本文主要講的是墨西哥動(dòng)物食品的污染問(wèn)題,選項(xiàng)C正確。

7.本文只是客觀的陳述事實(shí),沒(méi)有任何帶有個(gè)人主義色彩的觀點(diǎn),所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

8.根據(jù)原文可知,這里的address修飾issues,應(yīng)該是處理問(wèn)題,所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

2.單選題

WhenJackwaseighteenhe（

）goingaroundwithastrangesetofpeopleandstayingoutverylate.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tookto

B.tookup

C.tookfor

D.tookon

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)taketo“喜歡”；B選項(xiàng)takeup“開始從事”；C選項(xiàng)takefor“認(rèn)為，當(dāng)作”；D選項(xiàng)takeon“承擔(dān)”。根據(jù)句意可知A選項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。句意：杰克十八歲時(shí)喜歡跟一群奇怪的人混在一起，常常在外面待到很晚才回來(lái)。

3.單選題

Mothertoldmethatthemostimportantthingofchoosingapieceofclothisits（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.style

B.texture

C.textile

D.content

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)style“風(fēng)格，類型”；B選項(xiàng)texture“質(zhì)地，紋理，結(jié)構(gòu)”；C選項(xiàng)textile“紡織品”；D選項(xiàng)content“內(nèi)容，滿足”。句意：母親告訴我，挑選一塊布最重要的是看它的質(zhì)地。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

4.單選題

Nomatterhowangryhewas,hewouldnever（

）toviolence.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.resolve

B.resign

C.exert

D.resort

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“決心做，溶解”；B選項(xiàng)“離職，委托”；C選項(xiàng)“運(yùn)用，施加影響”；D選項(xiàng)“憑借，訴諸”。句意：無(wú)論他有多生氣，他都絕不會(huì)（）武力。這里根據(jù)句子，詞義應(yīng)該選訴諸，所以答案選D。

5.單選題

2.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Abrokenfinger.

B.Aterriblecough.

C.Frontalheadaches.

D.Eyeproblem.

【答案】C

【解析】W:It’sMr.Cong,isn’tit?

M:That’sright.Isawyousixmonthsagowithabrokenfinger.

W:Yes,ofcourse.Andisthatallhealingwell?

M:It’sfine.

W:Whatcanwedoforyoutoday?

M:Well,I’vebeenhavingtheseheadachesinthefront,aboutmyeyes.Itstartedtwomonthsago.Theyseemtocomeonquitesuddenly,andIgetdizzyspellaswell.

Q:Whatisthetroubleinthemannow?

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。男士說(shuō)：I’vebeenhavingtheseheadachesinthefront,aboutmyeyes.即今天來(lái)看病是因?yàn)轭^痛，大概是眼睛周圍。

6.單選題

Theboyssmoked（）becausetheyfearedtheywouldbescoldedbytheparents.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.onthesly

B.ontheside

C.tothepoint

D.onthespot

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。A:onthesly“秘密地；暗地里”；B:ontheside“作為副業(yè)；秘密地；非法地”;C:tothepoint“中肯，扼要”；D:onthespot“當(dāng)場(chǎng)；現(xiàn)場(chǎng)；在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)”。句意：因?yàn)樗麄兒ε赂改肛?zé)罵，所以這些男孩偷偷抽煙。根據(jù)后文：becausetheyfearedtheywouldbescoldedbytheparents.可知A符合語(yǔ)境，為正確答案。

7.單選題

Hefailedtocarryoutsomeoftheprovisionsofthecontract,andnowhehasto（）theconsequences.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.answerfor

B.stepinto

C.abideby

D.runinto

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。answerfor“對(duì)……負(fù)責(zé)”；stepinto“進(jìn)入”;abideby“遵守”；runinto“遭遇，陷入”。前半句提到“他沒(méi)有履行合同的一些條款”，因此他需要對(duì)此負(fù)責(zé)，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

8.單選題

Heisavery______performer:hecansing,dance,andplaythepiano.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.good

B.experienced

C.honest

D.versatile

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)good“優(yōu)秀的”；B選項(xiàng)experienced“有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的”；C選項(xiàng)honest“誠(chéng)實(shí)的”；D選項(xiàng)versatile“多才多藝的”。句意：他是一個(gè)非常______的表演者：他會(huì)唱歌，跳舞和彈鋼琴。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，他會(huì)各種才藝，D選項(xiàng)versatile“多才多藝的”符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

ManufacturingisChina’smostimportanteconomicactivity,（）over30percentoftheworkforce.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.including

B.engaging

C.approximating

D.accounting

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辦析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思分別是:including包含，包括；engaging聘用，雇用；approximating近似，接近；accounting記述，報(bào)告。句意:制造業(yè)是中國(guó)最重要的經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)，雇傭了超過(guò)30%的勞動(dòng)力。本題考查的是分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，根據(jù)句意可推出正確答案是B。

10.單選題

Meetingyourfamily’snutritionalneedsmayseemdifficultconsideringtoday’sbusylifestyles.Butitdoesn’thaveto（1）.Evenanewemphasis（2）morefruitsandvegetablesdoesn’tnecessarily（3）morepreparationtimeifyoutake（4）oftheconvenienceofcannedfoods.

Whenyouopena（5）offruitorvegetableathomeyouhaveathandfresh-packednutritionalproduct,withnoman-madeingredient,nopreservatives.Andalltheworkhasbeen（6）foryou:slicing,thepeeling,（7）cooking.Cannedfruitsandvegetablesleaveyouthe（8）tobecreative.Andwiththevarietyoffruitsandvegetablesavailablethesedays,youcanservedifferentcombinationscreatenewdishes,and（9）newtastestooldrecipescannedfoodsare（10）well.AunitedStatesDepartmentofAgricultureareNationalFoodAssociationco-sponsoredstudyshowscannedvegetablestobejustas（11）asfreshorfrozen.Becausecannedvegetablesareprocessedwithinhoursof（12）packed,theygenerallyretain70to90（13）oftheirnutrients.

Fruitsandvegetablescanningisassimple（14）whenyourgrandmother“putup”tomatoesandotherthingsfromthegarden.Freshproduceistakenfromthefieldatjusttherighttime,deliveredtothecannery,checked,washed,sealed,andsterilized.All（15）,generallyhappensinless（16）24hoursto（17）thebestqualityandnutritionalvaluewithouttheneedforanypreservatives.

Usetheliquidsthatvegetablesarecanned（18）asasubstitute（19）waterinrecipestogetthatlastdropofgoodnutrition.Mostmajorbrandsofcannedfruitsandvegetablesincludednutritionalcontentandingredientstatementsontheir（20）.Thisespeciallyimportanttothoseoncalories-consciousorrestricted.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.do

B.be

C.seem

D.need

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.on

B.to

C.about

D.above

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.need

B.mean

C.spend

D.want

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.care

B.use

C.trouble

D.advantage

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.bowl

B.bottle

C.can

D.box

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.done

B.do

C.doing

D.does

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.the

B.a

C.with

D.without

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.need

B.time

C.food

D.job

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.increase

B.delete

C.put

D.add

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.too

B.as

C.just

D.very

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.good

B.bad

C.better

D.worse

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.to

B.be

C.being

D.been

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.times

B.rate

C.kilogram

D.percent

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.as

B.than

C.to

D.same

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.this

B.about

C.together

D.thing

問(wèn)題16選項(xiàng)

A.to

B.than

C.about

D.around

問(wèn)題17選項(xiàng)

A.ensure

B.remain

C.make

D.produce

問(wèn)題18選項(xiàng)

A.at

B.in

C.into

D.inside

問(wèn)題19選項(xiàng)

A.of

B.about

C.for

D.to

問(wèn)題20選項(xiàng)

A.papers

B.names

C.brands

D.labels

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:C

第6題:A

第7題:A

第8題:B

第9題:D

第10題:B

第11題:A

第12題:C

第13題:D

第14題:A

第15題:A

第16題:B

第17題:A

第18題:B

第19題:C

第20題:D

【解析】1.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)do“做”；B選項(xiàng)be“是，成為”；C選項(xiàng)seem“看起來(lái)像，似乎”；D選項(xiàng)need“需要”。句意：考慮到當(dāng)今忙碌的生活方式，滿足家庭的營(yíng)養(yǎng)需求似乎很難。但這并不（）必須的。前面主要?jiǎng)釉~部分為mayseemdifficult，空處所在句是省略句。其次，seem是系動(dòng)詞，重復(fù)時(shí)以be代替，故完整句子應(yīng)為itdoesn’thavetobedifficult，因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.考查介詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)on“在……上”；B選項(xiàng)to“朝，位于”；C選項(xiàng)about“有關(guān)，關(guān)于”；D選項(xiàng)above“超過(guò)，多于”。句意：即使新的重點(diǎn)是更多的水果和蔬菜。這里考查了固定搭配，emphasis后面常跟on表示強(qiáng)調(diào)某一方面，因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

3.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)need“需要”；B選項(xiàng)mean“意味著”；C選項(xiàng)spend“花費(fèi)”；D選項(xiàng)want“想要”。句意：如果你充分利用罐裝食品的便利，即使新的重點(diǎn)是更多的水果和蔬菜，也不一定（）更多的準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間。這句話表達(dá)的意思是“即使是那些水果和蔬菜，也不意味著更多的準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間”，因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

4.考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)care“關(guān)心，照顧”；B選項(xiàng)use“使用，用途”；C選項(xiàng)trouble“麻煩，煩惱”；D選項(xiàng)advantage“優(yōu)勢(shì)，有利條件”。句意：如果你（）罐裝食品的便利，即使新的重點(diǎn)是更多的水果和蔬菜，也不一定意味著更多的準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間。這里考查的是固定搭配takeadvantageof“利用，充分利用”，因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

5.考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)bowl“碗”；B選項(xiàng)bottle“瓶子”；C選項(xiàng)can“罐頭，罐”；D選項(xiàng)box“盒子”。句意：當(dāng)你在家打開一（）水果或蔬菜時(shí)，你手邊就有新鮮包裝的營(yíng)養(yǎng)產(chǎn)品。根據(jù)上文的cannedfoods及open提示此處應(yīng)是一罐食品，因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

6.考查時(shí)態(tài)。A選項(xiàng)done表示過(guò)去；B選項(xiàng)do表示現(xiàn)在；C選項(xiàng)doing表示正在進(jìn)行；D選項(xiàng)does表示第三人稱單數(shù)。句意：所有的工作都為你（）了：切片，剝皮。而這里講的是罐頭食物，罐頭食物應(yīng)該是所有的工作都已經(jīng)為消費(fèi)者“做好了”，包括切片，剝皮等。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

7.考查連詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)the“這個(gè)（特指）”；B選項(xiàng)a“一個(gè)”；C選項(xiàng)with”和……一起“；D選項(xiàng)still“仍然”。句意：所有的工作都為你完成了：切片，剝皮，甚至是烹飪。根據(jù)前面的thepeeling“剝皮”，可以類比推測(cè)出這里也應(yīng)該是thecooking“烹飪”，因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

8.考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)need“需求，需要”；B選項(xiàng)time“時(shí)間”；C選項(xiàng)food“食物”；D選項(xiàng)job“工作”。句意：水果和蔬菜罐頭留給了你（）去創(chuàng)造。通過(guò)本文的邏輯可以知道，罐頭食物是非常便捷，省時(shí)的，并且后文說(shuō)道可以利用這個(gè)時(shí)間去創(chuàng)造很多新菜，因此應(yīng)該是“留了時(shí)間給人們?nèi)?chuàng)造”，因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

9.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)increase“增加，增多”；B選項(xiàng)delete“刪除”；C選項(xiàng)put“放置”；D選項(xiàng)add“添加”。句意：你可以提供不同的組合創(chuàng)造新的菜肴，并（）新的口味的老食譜罐頭食品也很好。這里考查了固定搭配addto“把……添加到”，而根據(jù)上下文可以看出罐頭食物省下的時(shí)間可以給人們創(chuàng)作的可能性，人們可以增添新的風(fēng)味到之前的食譜里，因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

10.考查介詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)too“……也，也是”；B選項(xiàng)as“正如，像……”；C選項(xiàng)just“僅僅，只是”；D選項(xiàng)very“非?！?。句意：給舊食譜添加新口味罐頭食品（）不錯(cuò)。這里是講新風(fēng)味添加到舊食譜中也不錯(cuò)，因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

11.考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)good“好的”；B選項(xiàng)bad“不好的，壞的”；C選項(xiàng)“更好的（比較級(jí)）”；D選項(xiàng)worse“更糟糕的（比較級(jí)）”。句意：研究表明，罐裝蔬菜與新鮮或冷凍蔬菜一樣（）。這里考查了固定搭配asgoodas“和……一樣好”，因?yàn)槲恼率钦f(shuō)罐頭食物的好處的，所以它們是和新鮮食物一樣好，A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

12.考查語(yǔ)態(tài)。A選項(xiàng)to“將要”；B選項(xiàng)be“變成”；C選項(xiàng)being“存在”；D選項(xiàng)been“是，有”。句意：因?yàn)楣扪b蔬菜在包裝后的幾個(gè)小時(shí)內(nèi)就會(huì)被加工。而前面加的是介詞of，介詞后面要加動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)名詞形式，因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

13.考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)times“時(shí)間”；B選項(xiàng)rate“比率”；C選項(xiàng)kilograms“千克”；D選項(xiàng)percent“百分比”。句意：它們通常會(huì)保留（）七十到九十的營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)。這里表達(dá)的意思是“百分之七十到九十的營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)”，因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

14.考查介詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)as“正如，像……”；B選項(xiàng)than“比”；C選項(xiàng)to“朝”；D選項(xiàng)same“和……一樣”。句意：（制作）水果和蔬菜罐頭是很簡(jiǎn)單的，就像當(dāng)你的祖母“把”西紅柿和其他東西從花園里取出來(lái)一樣。這里考查的是as…as“像……一樣”短語(yǔ)，因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

15.考查代詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)this“這個(gè)，這些”；B選項(xiàng)about“關(guān)于”；C選項(xiàng)together“和……一起”；D選項(xiàng)thing“事情，事物”。句意：所有（），通常發(fā)生在24小時(shí)之內(nèi)。這里表達(dá)的是以上所有的這些事，都是在24小時(shí)之內(nèi)發(fā)生的，因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

16.考查連詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)to“朝，位于”；B選項(xiàng)than“比……”；C選項(xiàng)about“關(guān)于”；D選項(xiàng)around“在四周”。句意：所有這些事，通常發(fā)生在24小時(shí)（）。lessthan“少于”，這里表示的是少于24小時(shí)內(nèi)發(fā)生的，因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

17.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)ensure“確?！保籅選項(xiàng)remain“保持，依然”；C選項(xiàng)make“做”；D選項(xiàng)produce“生產(chǎn)，引起”。句意：所有這一切，通常發(fā)生在24小時(shí)內(nèi)，以（）質(zhì)量和營(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值，不需要任何防腐劑。這里表達(dá)的是要確保營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)和質(zhì)量，因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

18.考查介詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)at“在……”，B選項(xiàng)in“在……里面”；C選項(xiàng)into“進(jìn)入……”；D選項(xiàng)inside“在……內(nèi)側(cè)”，句意：使用罐裝蔬菜的液體作為食譜中的水的替代品，以獲得最后一滴好的營(yíng)養(yǎng)。這里表達(dá)的液體是本身就在罐頭內(nèi)里的，因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

19.考查介詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)of“……的”；B選項(xiàng)about“關(guān)于”；C選項(xiàng)for“為了”；D選項(xiàng)to“為了，朝”。句意：使用罐裝蔬菜的液體作為食譜中的水的替代品，（）獲得最后一滴好的營(yíng)養(yǎng)。根據(jù)全文的邏輯，這里表達(dá)的意思是用液體代替水，是為了保證營(yíng)養(yǎng)不流失，因此C選項(xiàng)表目的符合題意。

20.考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)papers“紙巾，論文”；B選項(xiàng)names“名字”；C選項(xiàng)brands“品牌”；D選項(xiàng)labels“標(biāo)簽”。句意：大多數(shù)主要品牌的水果和蔬菜罐頭的（）上都有營(yíng)養(yǎng)成分和成分說(shuō)明。這里表達(dá)的意思是大部分的罐頭標(biāo)簽上都會(huì)寫好營(yíng)養(yǎng)成分和成分說(shuō)明，因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

11.名詞解釋

(1)Contrarytowhatmanypeoplethinkdepressionisnotanormalpartofgrowingolder.Norisithardertotreatinolderpeople.Butitisoftenhardertorecognizeandhardertogetpatientstoacceptandcontinuewithtreatment.

"Mostpeoplethinksadnessisahallmarkofdepression,"Brucesaid."Butmoreofteninolderpeopleit'sanhedonia—they'renotenjoyinglife.They'reirritableandcranky."(2)Sheadded:“Manyolderpeopledespairoverthequalityoftheirlivesattheendoflife.Iftheyhaveafunctionaldisabilityorseriousmedicalillness,itmaymakeithardertonoticedepressioninolderpeople."

Familymembers,friendsandmedicalpersonnelmusttakeitseriouslywhenanolderpersonsays"Lifeisnotworthliving,""Idon'tseeanypointinliving,""I'dbebetteroffdead"or"MyfamilywouldbebetteroffifIdied,"theexpertsemphasized.

"Listencarefully,empathizeandhelpthepersongetevaluatedfortreatmentorintotreatment,"BrownurgeD.(3)Hewarnedthat"depressedolderadultstendtohavefewersymptoms"thanyoungeradultswhoaredepressed.

Theidealapproach,ofcourse,istopreventdepressioninthefirstplace.(4)Brownrecommendedthatolderadultsstructuretheirdaysbymaintainingaregularcycleandplanningactivitiesthat"givethempleasure,purposeandareasonforliving."

Hesuggested"socialactivitiesofanytype—joiningabookcluborbowlingleague,goingtoaseniorcenterorgym,takingcoursesatalocalcollege,hangingoutatthecoffeeshop."

Brucesuggeststakingupanewinterestlikepaintingorneedleworkorvolunteeringataplaceofworship,schoolormuseum.

(5)Brownnotesthatanyactivitythepersoniscapableofdoingcanhelptowardoffdepressionandsuicidalthinking.Andheurgesolderpeopletotalktoothersabouttheirproblems.

ReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandthenexplaininyourownEnglishtheexactmeaningofthenumberedandunderlinedparts.PutyouranswersonANSWER

【答案】1.Manypeoplethinkdepressionisnaturalintheprocessofgettingolder,butthisideaiswrong.

2.Sheadded:“Manyolderpeoplelosetheirfaithinthequalityoflivesinoldage.Depressioninolderpeoplecanhardlybefoundiftheircertainbodyisnotavailableortheygetsickbadly.”

3.Heremindedthat“Symptomsondepressedolderadultsisfewerthanthoseondepressedyoungeradults.”

4.Brownsuggeststhatolderpeopleshouldarrangetheirdailylifebykeepingaregularlifecycleandplanningactivities,whichofferthemhappiness,purposeandmotiveforliving

5.Brownindicatesthatanyactivitythepersonisabletodocanhelpavoiddepressionandthoughtsofsuicide.Healsosuggeststhatolderpeopleshouldsharetheproblemswithothers.

12.單選題

Someplantscontainsubstancesthatinterferewiththedigestiveprocessesofanimals.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.disrupt

B.encourage

C.augment

D.trigger

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。interferewith表示“干涉，妨礙”；A項(xiàng)disrupt“破壞，瓦解”，B項(xiàng)encourage“鼓勵(lì)”，C項(xiàng)argument“爭(zhēng)論”，D項(xiàng)trigger“引發(fā)，觸發(fā)”。句意：有些植物含有干擾動(dòng)物消化過(guò)程的物質(zhì)。根據(jù)句意該題選A。

13.單選題

Morethanadecadeago,cognitivescientistsJohnBransfordandDanielSchwartz,boththenatVanderbiltUniversity,foundthatwhatdistinguishedyoungadultsfromchildrenwasnottheabilitytoretainfactsorapplypriorknowledgetoanewsituationbutaqualitytheycalledpreparationforfuturelearning.Theresearchersaskedfifthgradersandcollegestudentstocreatearecoveryplantoprotectbaldeaglesfromextinction.Shockingly,thetwogroupscameupwithplansofsimilarquality(althoughthecollegestudentshadbetterspellingskills).Fromthestandpointofatraditionaleducator,thisoutcomeindicatedthatschoolinghadfailedtohelpstudentsthinkaboutecosystemandextinction,majorscientificideas.

Theresearchersdecidedtogodeeper,however.Theyaskedbothgroupstogeneratequestionsaboutimportantissuesneededtocreaterecoveryplans.Onthistask,theyfoundeaglesandtheirhabitats.Fifthgraderstendedtofocusonfeaturesofindividualeagles(“Howbigarethey?''and'"Whatdotheyeat?’’).Thecollegestudentshadcultivatedtheabilitytoaskquestions,thecornerstoneofcriticalthinking.Theyhadlearnedhowtolearn.

Museumsandotherinstitutionsofinformallearningmaybebettersuitedtoteachthisskillthanelementaryandsecondaryschools.AttheExploratoriuminSanFrancisco,werecentlystudiedlearningtoaskgoodquestionscanaffectthequalityofpeople’sscientificinquiry.Wefoundthatwetaughtparticipantstoask“Whatif?”and“Howcan?’’questionsthatnobodypresentwouldknowtheanswertoandthatwouldsparkexploration,theyengagedinbetterinquiryatthenextexhibit—askingmorequestions,performingmoreexperimentsandmakingbetterinterpretationsoftheirresults.Specifically,theirquestionsbecamemorecomprehensiveatthenewexhibit.Ratherthanmerelyaskingaboutsomethingtheywantedtotry,theytendedtoincludebothcauseandeffectintheirquestion.Askingjuicyquestionsappearstobeatransferableskillfordeepeningcollaborativeinquiryintothesciencecontentfoundinexhibits.

Thistypeoflearningisnotconfinedtomuseumsorinstitutionalsettings.Informallearningenvironmentstoleratefailurebetterthanschools.Perhapsmanyteachershavetoolittletimetoallowstudentstoformandpursuetheirownquestionsandtoomuchgroundtocoverinthecurriculum.Butpeoplemustacquirethisskillsomewhere.Oursocietydependsonthembeingabletomakecriticaldecisionsabouttheirownmedicaltreatment,say,orwhatwemustdoaboutglobalenergyneedsanddemands.Forthat,wehavearobustinformallearningsystemthatgivesnogrades,takesallcomers,andisavailableevenonholidaysandweekends.

1.Whatistraditionaleducators’interpretationoftheresearchoutcomementionedinthefirstparagraph?

2.Inwhatwayarecollegestudentsdifferentfromchildren?

3.Whatisthebenefitofaskingquestionswithnoreadyanswers?

4.Whatissaidtobetheadvantageofinformallearning?

5.Whatdoestheauthorseemtoencourageeducatorstodoattheendofthepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Studentsarenotabletoapplypriorknowledgetonewproblems

B.Collegestudentsarenobetterthanfifthgradersinmemorizingfacts.

C.Educationhasnotpaidenoughattentiontomajorenvironmentissues

D.Educationhasfailedtoleadstudentstothinkaboutmajorscientificideas

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theyhavelearnedtothinkcritically.

B.Theyareconcernedaboutsocialissues.

C.Theyarecuriousaboutspecificfeatures

D.Theyhavelearnedtoworkindependently

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Itarousesstudents'interestinthingsaroundthem

B.Itcultivatesstudents'abilitytomakescientificinquiries

C.Ittrainsstudents'abilitytodesignscientificexperiments

D.Ithelpsstudentsrealizenoteveryquestionhasananswer

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Itallowsforfailures

B.Itchargesnotuition

C.Itisentertaining

D.Itmeetspracticalneeds

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Trainstudentstothinkaboutglobalissues

B.Designmoreinteractiveclassroomactivities

C.Makefulluseofinformallearningresources

D.Includecollaborativeinquiryinthecurriculum.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“traditionaleducator”定位到第一段最后一句“Fromthestandpointofatraditionaleducator,thisoutcomeindicatedthatschoolinghadfailedtohelpstudentsthinkaboutecosystemandextinction,majorscientificideas.”從傳統(tǒng)教育家的立場(chǎng)來(lái)看，這一結(jié)果表明，學(xué)校教育未能幫助學(xué)生思考生態(tài)系統(tǒng)和滅絕，這是主要的科學(xué)思想。也就是說(shuō)，教育未能引導(dǎo)學(xué)生思考主要的科學(xué)思想。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“JohnBransford和DanielSchwartz發(fā)現(xiàn)，區(qū)分年輕人和兒童的不在于他們是否能夠記住事實(shí)或?qū)⒅暗闹R(shí)應(yīng)用到新環(huán)境中，而在于他們稱之為為未來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)做準(zhǔn)備的素質(zhì)?！痹俑鶕?jù)第二段最后一句“Thecollegestudentshadcultivatedtheabilitytoaskquestions,thecornerstoneofcriticalthinking.Theyhadlearnedhowtolearn.大學(xué)生培養(yǎng)了問(wèn)問(wèn)題的能力，這是批判性思維的基石。他們學(xué)會(huì)了如何學(xué)習(xí)?！边x項(xiàng)A符合原文。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第三段第三句“toask“Whatif?”and“Howcan?”questionsthatnobodypresentwouldknowtheanswertoandthatwouldsparkexploration.問(wèn)“如果……會(huì)怎樣?”和“怎么可能?”等一些沒(méi)有人知道答案的問(wèn)題，將會(huì)引發(fā)探索?！彼赃x項(xiàng)B“培養(yǎng)學(xué)生科學(xué)探究的能力”符合原文。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句“Informallearningenvironmentstoleratefailurebetterthanschools.”非正式的學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境比學(xué)校更能容忍失敗。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段最后兩句“我們的社會(huì)依賴于他們能夠?qū)ψ约旱尼t(yī)療做出關(guān)鍵性的決定，或者說(shuō)我們必須為全球能源需求做些什么。為此，我們有一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的非正式學(xué)習(xí)系統(tǒng)，不打分，適用于所有人群，甚至在節(jié)假日和周末也可以使用?！币簿褪钦f(shuō)，作者建議教育者們充分利用非正式學(xué)習(xí)系統(tǒng)的資源。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

14.單選題

Usingmanysymbolsmakes______toputalargeamountofinformationonasinglemap.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.possible

B.itispossible

C.itpossible

D.thatpossible

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：使用多種多樣的符號(hào)可以在一張地圖里放進(jìn)大量的信息。根據(jù)固定搭配makesth.+adj.(forsb.)todosth.“做某事（對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)）是怎么樣的”，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知這里it