考研考博-英語(yǔ)-天門(mén)職業(yè)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇1

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-天門(mén)職業(yè)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Inallheractions,herreverenceforherhusbandwastheonethingthatstoodout.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.respect

B.control

C.passion

D.supervision

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.respect尊敬，敬意B.control管理，管制

C.passion強(qiáng)烈情感，激情D.supervision監(jiān)督

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】reverence的意思為“尊敬，崇敬”，指的是她非常尊重她的丈夫，respect與之詞義相近，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D選項(xiàng)詞義與之不符。

【句意】在她的所有行為中，她對(duì)丈夫的尊敬是最明顯的。

2.翻譯題

WhatcantheWest’soverlyindebtedandsluggishnationslearnfromaflourishingAsia?

Firstandforemost,theWestshouldrelearnthevirtueofpragmatism.Justafewdecadesago,Asia’stwogiantswerestagnatingundertheirownpolitico-economicideologies—MarxisminChina,NehruviansocialisminIndiarespectively.However,onceChinabeganembracingfree-marketreformsinthe1980s,followedbyIndiainthe1990s,bothcountriesachievedrapidgrowth.Crucially,astheyopeneduptheirmarkets,neitherChinanorIndiathrewtheproverbialbabyoutwiththebathwater—instead,theybalancedcapitalismwithjudiciousgovernmentdirection.

ContrastthislevelheadedmiddlepathwithAmericaandEurope,whichhaveeachoneideologicallyoverboardintheirownways—andwhoseutterlackofpragmatismhelpedprecipitatetheglobalfinancialcrisis.Sincethe1980s,Americahasbeenincreasinglyinfatuatedwiththeideologyofunfetteredfreemarketsanddismissiveoftheroleofgovernment—followingRonaldReagan’sdictumthat“government”isnotthesolutiontoourproblem;governmentistheproblem.”

Meanwhile,Europehasfallenpreytoadifferentideologicaltrap;thebeliefthatEuropeangovernmentswouldalwayshaveinfiniteresourcesandcouldcontinueborrowingasiftherewerenotomorrow.

JustasAmericansneedtolearnhowtointelligentlyraisetaxes,theEuropeansneedtolearnhowtointelligentlycutexpenditures—achallengethatAsianeconomiesweretaughttosurmountbytheirownpastcrises.

【答案】西方那些負(fù)債累累、經(jīng)濟(jì)停滯不前的國(guó)家應(yīng)該向蒸蒸日上的亞洲學(xué)習(xí)些什么？

第一點(diǎn)也是最重要的一點(diǎn)，西方應(yīng)當(dāng)重新認(rèn)識(shí)實(shí)用主義的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。幾十年前，亞洲的兩大巨頭在各自錯(cuò)誤的政治經(jīng)濟(jì)意識(shí)形態(tài)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，均出現(xiàn)社會(huì)、經(jīng)濟(jì)停滯不前的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r：即馬克思主義的中國(guó)化和尼赫魯在印度推行社會(huì)主義制度。

然而，自從中國(guó)20世紀(jì)80年代迎來(lái)自由市場(chǎng)的改革，緊接著是印度在20世紀(jì)90年代的改革，這兩個(gè)國(guó)家都實(shí)現(xiàn)了經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展。重要的是，當(dāng)他們打開(kāi)國(guó)門(mén)，開(kāi)始拓展本國(guó)市場(chǎng)，中國(guó)和印度并未把有口皆碑尚在襁褓中發(fā)育的嬰兒與其洗澡水一同扔掉，而是讓資本主義道路與政府所指引的發(fā)展道路相得益彰，得以均衡發(fā)展。

與這種冷靜明智的中間道路形成對(duì)比的是美國(guó)和歐洲，它們都過(guò)度受制于自己的意識(shí)形態(tài)，這種完全缺乏實(shí)用主義的情況是導(dǎo)致全球經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)長(zhǎng)期化的一個(gè)因素。自20世紀(jì)80年代以來(lái)，美國(guó)越來(lái)越被不受任何干預(yù)的自由市場(chǎng)的意識(shí)形態(tài)沖昏頭腦，對(duì)政府干預(yù)持排斥立場(chǎng)。正如羅納德?里根所言“政府并不是解決問(wèn)題的途徑；政府本身才是問(wèn)題所在?！?/p>

與此同時(shí)，歐洲已經(jīng)陷入另一種意識(shí)形態(tài)之中而不可自拔：他們相信歐洲政府總是有無(wú)窮無(wú)盡的資源，可以不斷地去借貸，仿佛沒(méi)有未來(lái)一樣。

正如美國(guó)人需要學(xué)習(xí)如何明智地增稅一樣，歐洲人也需要學(xué)習(xí)如何明智地削減開(kāi)支——這一舉措可以讓亞洲國(guó)家學(xué)會(huì)如何克服過(guò)去自身的危機(jī)，取得成就。

3.單選題

Foramomenthewasspeechless,stilltooastonishedto（

）whatitallmeant,andthenhesatheavilyandleanedforward,puttinghishanddownonthesummonsbutton.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.breakdown

B.searchfor

C.takein

D.seeafter

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。breakdown“分解，故障”；searchfor“搜尋”；takein“吸收，領(lǐng)會(huì)”；seeafter“照顧，照料”。句意為：他一時(shí)說(shuō)不出話來(lái)，仍十分驚訝，不知這一切意味著什么。他心事重重地坐了下來(lái)，身子向前傾斜，將手放在傳喚按鈕上。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

4.單選題

Everyyearthousandsofpeoplearearrestedandtakentocourtforshop-lifting.InBritainalone,aboutHK$3000000'sworthofgoodsarestolenfromshopseveryweek.Asaresultofthis"shrinkage"astheshopscallit,thehonestpublichastopayhigherprices.

Shop-lifterscanbedividedintothreemaincategories:theprofessionals,thedeliberateamateurs,andthepeoplewhojustcan'thelpthemselves.Theprofessionalsdonotposemuchofaproblemforthestoredetectives,who,assistedbyclosedcircuittelevisionandvariousothertechnologicaldevices,canusuallycopewiththem.Theprofessionalstendtogoforhighvaluegoodsinpartsoftheshopswheresecuritymeasuresaretightest.And,inanycase,theyaccountforonlyasmallpercentageofthetotallossesduetoshop-lifting.

Thesameappliestothedeliberateamateurwhoistospeak,aprofessionalintraining.Mostofthemgetcaughtsoonerorlater,andtheyaredealtwithseverelybythecourts.

Therealproblemisthepersonwhogiveswaytoasuddentemptationandisinallotherrespectsanhonestandlaw-abidingcitizen.Contrarytowhatonewouldexpect,thiskindofship-lifterisrarelypoor.HedoesnotstealbecauseheneedsthegoodsandcannotaffordtopayforthemHestealsbecausehesimplycannotstophimself.Andtherearecountlessotherswho,becauseofagesicknessorplainabsent-mindedness,simplyforgettopayforwhattheytakefromtheshops.

Inordertopreventthegrowthonship-liftingoffences,somestores,infactaredoingtheirbesttoseparatethethievesfromtheconfusedbyprohibitingcustomersfromtakingbagsintothestore.However,whatismostworryingaboutthewholeproblemisthatitisyetanotherinstanceoftheinnocentmajoritybeingpenalizedandinconveniencedbecauseoftheactionsofasmallminority.Itistheaircrafthijacksituationinantherform.Becauseofthepossibilityofonepassengerinamillionboardinganaircraftwithaweapon,theother999999passengersmuchsubjectthemselvestosearchesanddelays.Unlessthesituationintheshopsimproves,intenyears'timewemayallhavetosubjectourselvestoabody-searcheverytimewegointoastoretobuyatinofbeans!

1.Whydoesthehonestpublichavetopayhigherpriceswhentheygototheshops?

2.Thethirdgroupofpeoplestealthingsbecausethey（）.

3.Accordingtothepassagelaw-abidingcitizens（）.

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutthemaintypesofshop-lifting?

5.Theaircrafthijacksituationisusedinordertoshowthat（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thereisa"shrinkage"inmarketvalues.

B.Manygoodsarenotavailable.

C.Goodsinmanyshopslackvariety.

D.Therearemanycasesofshop-lifting.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.arementallyill

B.arequiteabsent-minded

C.cannotresistthetemptation

D.cannotaffordtopayforthegoods

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.canpossiblystealthingsbecauseoftheirpoverty

B.canpossiblytakeawaygoodswithoutpaying

C.haveneverstolengoodsfromthesupermarkets

D.aredifficulttobecaughtwhentheystealthings

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Abigpercentageofthetotallossesarecausedbytheprofessional.

B.Thedeliberateamateurswillbepunishedseverelyiftheygetcaught.

C.Peoplewouldexpectthatthosewhocan'thelpthemselvesfromstealingarepoor.

D.Theprofessionalsdon'tcausealotoftroubletothestoredetectives.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A."theprofessionalsdonotposemuchofproblemforthestores"

B.somepeople"simplyforgettopayforwhattakefromtheshops"

C."thehonestpublichastopayhigherprices"

D.thethirdtypeofshop-liftersaredangerouspeople

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞"thehonestpublic"定位到第一段的最后一句"Asaresultofthis"shrinkage"astheshopscallit,thehonestpublichastopayhigherprices."由于商家所謂的"由偷竊造成的損失",誠(chéng)實(shí)的公眾因此而付出了更高的代價(jià)。結(jié)合上文可知"shrinkage"指店內(nèi)行竊案件,所以選項(xiàng)D更準(zhǔn)確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的首句"Shop-lifterscanbedividedintothreemaincategories:theprofessionals,thedeliberateamateurs,andthepeoplewhojustcan'thelpthemselves."商店行竊者可分為三大類:專業(yè)扒手、蓄意的業(yè)余扒手和控制不了盜竊沖動(dòng)的扒手。所以第三類人就是無(wú)法抵擋誘惑的人,選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

3.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞"law-abiding"定位到第四段。根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容可知：那些禁受不住誘惑的人,往往在其他方面是遵紀(jì)守法的好公民,他們很少是家境貧困的。他們偷東西不是因?yàn)楦恫黄疱X(qián),而是心不在焉拿走東西忘記付錢(qián)了。所以選項(xiàng)A表述錯(cuò)誤,他們并不貧窮;選項(xiàng)C也表述錯(cuò)誤;選項(xiàng)D在文中沒(méi)有提及;所以只有選項(xiàng)B符合原文句意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)笫二段的最后一句"they（theprofessional）accountforonlyasmallpercentageofthetotallossesduetoshop-lifting"可知選項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)誤,而選項(xiàng)D正確;根據(jù)第三段"Mostofthemgetcaughtsoonerorlater,andtheyaredealtwithseverelybythecourts."可知選項(xiàng)B正確;根據(jù)四段的第二句"Contrarytowhatonewouldexpect,thiskindofship-lifterisrarelypoor."這類盜賊并不貧窮,那么言下之意就是人們認(rèn)為盜賊應(yīng)該是貧窮的。所以選項(xiàng)C也正確。只有選項(xiàng)A表述錯(cuò)誤。

5.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)原文上一句"itisyetanotherinstanceoftheinnocentmajoritybeingpenalizedandinconveniencedbecauseoftheactionsofasmallminority."這是由于一小部分人的做法給大多數(shù)無(wú)辜的人帶來(lái)了懲罰和不便的又一個(gè)例子。也就是第一段所說(shuō)的：公眾因此而付出了更高的代價(jià)。所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

5.填空題

Ourinitialfieldworksite（1）outtobecompletelyunsuitable.Ourteam（2）overaweektherebeforewerecognizedthatwe（3）neverfindthequalityoffossilswewere（4）forinthatspot.

【答案】1.turned;

2.worked;

3.would;

4.looking

【解析】1.固定搭配。turnouttobe被發(fā)現(xiàn)是，結(jié)果是。而且此處應(yīng)為過(guò)去式turned。

2.語(yǔ)義題。第二空填不及物動(dòng)詞,因此worked符合句意。

3.語(yǔ)法分析。第三空填would表示過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。

4.固定搭配。wewerefor是定語(yǔ)從句修飾thequalityoffossils,那么第四空可填現(xiàn)在分詞looking,構(gòu)成lookfor“尋找”。

6.單選題

Duringtheelectioncampaign,thepartyvowedto______environmentalconsiderationsintoallitspolicies.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.associate

B.unite

C.incorporate

D.combine

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)associate“聯(lián)系”；B選項(xiàng)unite“（與某人或集體）聯(lián)結(jié)；聯(lián)合”，uniteindoingsth.；C選項(xiàng)incorporate“將……包括在內(nèi)；使并入”，osth.；D選項(xiàng)combine“結(jié)合；組合”，combinesth.withsth.。句意：在競(jìng)選期間，該黨鄭重宣告將環(huán)境因素______其所有政策。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和單詞用法，C選項(xiàng)incorporate“將……包括在內(nèi)；使并入”符合題意，意思是指政策將包含環(huán)境方面的問(wèn)題。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

7.翻譯題

當(dāng)前，國(guó)際形勢(shì)正在發(fā)生深刻而復(fù)雜的變化。和平、發(fā)展、合作是當(dāng)今時(shí)代的主旋律。世界多極化和經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的趨勢(shì)深入發(fā)展，科技進(jìn)步日新月異，區(qū)域合作方興未艾，各國(guó)相互依存不斷加深，這些都為世界各國(guó)帶來(lái)了難得的發(fā)展機(jī)遇。同時(shí)，全球發(fā)展不均衡，南北差距拉大，傳統(tǒng)安全威脅和非傳統(tǒng)安全威脅相互交織，影響世界和平與發(fā)展的不穩(wěn)定不確定因素增多，廣大發(fā)展中國(guó)家實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展面臨著嚴(yán)峻挑戰(zhàn)。

中國(guó)是最大的發(fā)展中國(guó)家，非洲是發(fā)展中國(guó)家最集中的大陸，中國(guó)和非洲的人口占世界人口三分之一以上。沒(méi)有中國(guó)和非洲的和平與發(fā)展，就沒(méi)有世界的和平與發(fā)展。

【答案】【參考譯文】Atpresent,theinternationalsituationisundergoingprofoundandcomplexchanges.Peace,developmentandcooperationarethethemesofthepresentera.Thetrendofworldmulti-polarizationandeconomicglobalizationisdevelopingfurther,theprogressinscienceandtechnologyischangingwitheachpassingday,theregionalcooperationismakingrobustprogress,andtheinterdependencebetweeneachnationgoesfurther.Allthesehavecreatedraredevelopmentopportunitiesfortheinternationalcommunity.Atthesametime,imbalanceinglobaldevelopment,wideninggapbetweenNorthandSouth,thecombinationoftraditionalandnon-traditionalsecuritythreatsaswellasincreasingfactorsofinstabilityanduncertaintystandinginthewayofpeaceanddevelopmentallposeadauntingchallengetodevelopingcountriesintheirpursuitofsustainabledevelopment.

Chinaisthelargestdevelopingcountryintheworld,andAfricaishometothelargestnumberofdevelopingcountriesintheworld.Ourcombinedpopulationaccountsforoverathirdoftheworldtotalpopulation.WithoutpeaceanddevelopmentinChinaandAfrica,therewillbenoglobalpeaceanddevelopment.

8.單選題

Itishis（

）.Ifthebikeisdamaged,hemustpay.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ability

B.liability

C.capacity

D.capability

【答案】B

【解析】形近詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)ability“能力，才能”；B選項(xiàng)liability“責(zé)任，債務(wù)”；C選項(xiàng)capacity“能力，資格”；D選項(xiàng)capability“能力，性能”。句意：這是他的責(zé)任。如果自行車壞了，他必須賠償。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

9.單選題

Onweekendsmygrandmausually（）aglassofwine.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.subscribesto

B.engagesin

C.indulgesin

D.hangson

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。A選項(xiàng)subscribeto“訂閱；同意；捐款”；B選項(xiàng)engagein“從事于”；C選項(xiàng)indulgein“沉湎于”；D選項(xiàng)hangon“堅(jiān)持下去；不掛斷”。句意：周末我奶奶通常……一杯酒。能與“一杯酒”搭配的只有C選項(xiàng)“沉湎于”。

10.單選題

Noclear-cutdistinctioncanbedrawnbetweenprofessionalsandamateursinscience.（

）,theword“amateur”doescarryaconnotationthatthepersonconcernedisnotfullyintegratedintothescientificcommunity.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Nevertheless

B.Then

C.Besides

D.Asaresult

【答案】A

【解析】連詞詞義辨析。分析四個(gè)選項(xiàng)可知，所提供的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為從句的連接詞，因此要先分析兩句之間的關(guān)系。根據(jù)句意‘在科學(xué)上專業(yè)人員與業(yè)余科研人員之間并沒(méi)有明確的分界線。然而，“業(yè)余”這個(gè)詞的確有這樣一個(gè)含義，即相關(guān)人員無(wú)法完全融入這一科學(xué)領(lǐng)域。’可知前后兩句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)系，B選項(xiàng)then表示承接關(guān)系；D選項(xiàng)asaresult表示因果關(guān)系，與此不符，排除；C選項(xiàng)besides表示“除此之外還有”，是意思上的一種遞進(jìn)，不符，排除，A選項(xiàng)nevertheless“然而，不過(guò)，雖然如此”正確。

11.單選題

Asanurse,Dorothyisanaturalhealerwhoisendowedwithcompassionandhasavarietyofmodalitiestobenefitherpatientsofallages.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.bravery

B.expertise

C.proficiency

D.sympathy

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.bravery勇敢B.expertise專門(mén)知識(shí)；專門(mén)技術(shù)

C.proficiency精通；熟練D.sympathy同情；慰問(wèn)

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】由本句句意可知作為一名護(hù)士，所應(yīng)該有的是同情心以及專業(yè)的知識(shí)，而從前半句中的“naturalhealer（天生的治療師）”可知天生所擁有的是同情心，所以D選項(xiàng)“同情，慰問(wèn)”符合題意。劃線單詞compassion“同情”。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)bravery勇敢，與護(hù)士治療病人無(wú)關(guān)，不符合句意；

B選項(xiàng)expertise專門(mén)知識(shí)；專門(mén)技術(shù)，因?yàn)檎f(shuō)的是天生的治療師，因此應(yīng)該是天生所具有的品格，專門(mén)知識(shí)是后天所擁有的；

C選項(xiàng)proficiency精通；熟練，這也是后天才具備的，不符合句意。

【句意】作為一名護(hù)士，多蘿西是一個(gè)天生的治療師，她被賦予了同情心，有各種各樣的方式來(lái)幫助她的所有年齡的病人。

12.單選題

Myeldestsisterwentonwiththestoryandyoungchildrenaroundher（）withwonderful!”fromtimetotime.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.brokeout

B.brokeoff

C.brokein

D.brokeup

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。breakout“爆發(fā)，突發(fā)”；breakoff“折斷，突然停止”；breakin“打斷，闖入”；breakup“打碎，結(jié)束”，句意：我的姐姐繼續(xù)講故事，圍在她身邊的小孩子時(shí)不時(shí)地打斷歡呼“太棒了！”。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

13.單選題

（）,thegirlranoutoftheroom.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Havingtearsinhereyesandturnedsuddenly

B.Withasuddenturn,tearfuleyes

C.Withtearsinhereyesandsuddenlyturning

D.Turningsuddenly,withtearsinhereyes

【答案】D

【解析】考查伴隨狀語(yǔ)，女孩應(yīng)該是先轉(zhuǎn)身然后再跑出房間，B、C選項(xiàng)都是伴隨狀語(yǔ)，B選項(xiàng)應(yīng)該還有and連接才是對(duì)的，應(yīng)該改為withasuddenturnandtearfuleyes，C選項(xiàng)應(yīng)該改為withtearsinhereyesandasuddenturn。綜上所述，D選項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Attheheartofthedebateoverillegalimmigrationliesonekeyquestion:“Areimmigrantsgoodorbadfortheeconomy?”TheAmericanpublicoverwhelminglythinksthey’rebad.Yettheconsensusamongmosteconomistsisthatimmigration,bothlegalandillegal,providesasmallnetboosttotheeconomy.Immigrantsprovidecheaplabor,lowerthepricesofeverythingfromfarmproducetonewhomes,andleaveconsumerswithalittlemoremoneyintheirpockets.Sowhyistheresuchadiscrepancybetweentheperceptionofimmigrants’impactontheeconomyandthereality?

Thereareanumberoffamiliartheories.Somearguethatpeopleareanxiousandfeelthreatenedbyaninflowofnewworkers.Othershighlightthestressthatundocumentedimmigrantsplaceonpublicservices,likeschools,hospitals,andjails.Stillothersemphasizetheroleofrace,arguingthatforeignersaddtothenation’sfearsandinsecurities.There’ssometruthtoalltheseexplanations,buttheyaren’tquitesufficient.

Togetabetterunderstandingofwhat’sgoingon,considerthewayimmigration’simpactisfelt.Thoughitsoveralleffectmaybepositive,itscostsandbenefitsaredistributedunevenly.DavidCard,aneconomistatUCBerkeley,notesthattheoneswhoprofitmostdirectlyfromimmigrants'low-costlaborarebusinessesandemployers—meatpackingplantsinNebraska,forinstance,oragriculturalbusinessesinCalifornia.Granted,theseproducers’savingsprobablytranslateintolowerpricesatthegrocerystore,buthowmanyconsumersmakethatmentalconnectionatthecheckoutcounter?Asforthedrawbacksofillegalimmigration,these,too,areconcentrated.Nativelow-skilledworkerssuffermostfromthecompetitionofforeignlabor.AccordingtoastudybyGeorgeBorjas,aHarvardeconomist,immigrationreducedthewagesofAmericanhigh-schooldropoutsby9%from1980to2000.

Amonghigh-skilled,better-educatedemployees,however,oppositionwasstrongestinstateswithbothhighnumbersofimmigrantsandrelativelygeneroussocialservices.Whatworriedthemmost,inotherwords,wasthefiscalburdenofimmigration.Thatconclusionwasreinforcedbyanotherfinding:thattheiroppositionappearedtosoftenwhenthatfiscalburdendecreased,asoccurredwithwelfarereforminthe1990s,whichcurbedimmigrants’accesstocertainbenefits.

Theironyisthatforalltheoverexciteddebate,theneteffectofimmigrationisminimal.Evenforthosemostacutelyaffected—say,low-skilledworkers,orCaliforniaresidents—theimpactisn’tallthatdramatic.“Theunpleasantvoiceshavetendedtodominateourperceptions,saysDanielTichenor,apoliticalscienceprofessorattheUniversityofOregon.“Butwhenallthosefactorsareputtogetherandtheeconomistscalculatethenumbers,itendsupbeinganetpositive,butasmallone.”Toobadmostpeopledon’trealizeit.

1.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?

2.InwhatwaydoestheauthorthinkordinaryAmericansbenefitfromimmigration?

3.Whydonativelow-skilledworkerssuffermostfromillegalimmigration?

4.Whatisthechiefconcernofnativehigh-skilled,better-educatedemployeesabouttheinflowofimmigrants?

5.Whatistheironyaboutthedebatedoverimmigration?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Whetherimmigrantsaregoodorbadfortheeconomyhasbeenpuzzlingeconomists.

B.TheAmericaneconomyusedtothriveonimmigrationbutnowit’sadifferentstory.

C.Theconsensusamongeconomistsisthatimmigrationshouldnotbeencouraged.

D.Thegeneralpublicthinksdifferentlyfrommosteconomistsontheimpactofimmigration.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theycanaccessallkindsofpublicservices.

B.Theycangetconsumergoodsatlowerprices.

C.Theycanmixwithpeopleofdifferentcultures.

D.Theycanavoiddoingmuchofthemanuallabor.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theyhavegreaterdifficultygettingwelfaresupport.

B.Theyaremorelikelytoencounterinterracialconflicts.

C.Theyhaveahardertimegettingajobwithdecentpay.

D.Theyarenomatchforillegalimmigrantsinlaborskills.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Itmaychangetheexistingsocialstructure.

B.Itmayposeathreattotheireconomicstatus.

C.Itmayleadtosocialinstabilityinthecountry.

D.Itmayplaceagreatstrainonthestatebudge.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Eveneconomistscan’treachaconsensusaboutitsimpact.

B.Thosewhoareopposedtoitturnouttobenefitmostfromit.

C.Peoplearemakingtoobigafussaboutsomethingofsmallimpact.

D.Thereisnoessentialdifferencebetweenseeminglyoppositeopinions.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由第一段“TheAmericanpublicoverwhelminglythinksthey’rebad.Yettheconsensusamongmosteconomistsisthatimmigration,bothlegalandillegal,providesasmallnetboosttotheeconomy.絕大多數(shù)美國(guó)民眾認(rèn)為移民是有害的。然而，大多數(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家的共識(shí)是，無(wú)論是合法的還是非法的移民，都對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)有小小的促進(jìn)作用?！笨芍娕c經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家就移民是好還是壞有不同的看法。故D項(xiàng)正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第一段“Immigrantsprovidecheaplabor,lowerthepricesofeverythingfromfarmproducetonewhomes，andleaveconsumerswithalittlemoremoneyintheirpockets.移民提供了廉價(jià)的勞動(dòng)力，降低了從農(nóng)產(chǎn)品到新住房等一切商品的價(jià)格，讓消費(fèi)者口袋里多了一些錢(qián)。”可知移民給普通美國(guó)人帶來(lái)的好處是：降低了物價(jià)，使他們手中能有多一些錢(qián)。故B項(xiàng)正確。

3.推理判斷題.由題干關(guān)鍵詞“nativelow-skilledworkers”定位到第三段倒數(shù)一、二句“Nativelow-skilledworkerssuffermostfromthecompetitionofforeignlabor.AccordingtoastudybyGeorgeBorjas,aHarvardeconomist,immigrationreducedthewagesofAmericanhigh-schooldropoutsby9%from1980to2000.本地的低技能工人在與外國(guó)勞工的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中受害最深。根據(jù)哈佛大學(xué)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家GeorgeBorjas的一項(xiàng)研究，從1980年到2000年，移民使美國(guó)高中輟學(xué)生的工資下降了9%?！笨芍狢項(xiàng)“他們很難找到一份薪水體面的工作”正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第四段“Whatworriedthemmost,inotherwords,wasthefiscalburdenofimmigration.換句話說(shuō)，他們最擔(dān)心的是移民帶來(lái)的財(cái)政負(fù)擔(dān)?！笨芍狣項(xiàng)“它會(huì)給國(guó)家預(yù)算帶來(lái)很大壓力”正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由最后一段“Theironyisthatforalltheoverexciteddebate,theneteffectofimmigrationisminimal.Evenforthosemostacutelyaffected—say,low-skilledworkers,orCaliforniaresidents—theimpactisn’tallthatdramatic.具有諷刺意味的是，盡管所有的爭(zhēng)論都過(guò)于激烈，移民的凈影響卻微乎其微。即使對(duì)那些受影響最嚴(yán)重的人——比如，低技能工人或加州居民——影響也不那么顯著。”可知C項(xiàng)“人們對(duì)影響不大的事情大驚小怪”正確，即人們對(duì)于移民的影響過(guò)于大驚小怪。

15.單選題

Itisimperativethatthegovernment（）moreinvestmentintotheshipbuildingindustry.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.attracts

B.shallattract

C.attract

D.hasto

【答案】C

【解析】句意:政府有必要吸引更多投資到造船業(yè)。

語(yǔ)法題?？疾樘摂M語(yǔ)氣。Itisimperative（essential/necessary/desirable/important/vital..等）+that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用虛擬語(yǔ)氣:動(dòng)詞原形或should+動(dòng)詞原形。故選C。

16.單選題

We’ll（

）youforanydamagedonetoyourhousewhileweareinit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.compensate

B.remedy

C.supplement

D.retrieve

【答案】A

【解析】句意:居住期間對(duì)你房子所造成的任何損壞，我們都會(huì)賠償你。

動(dòng)詞辨析。compensate賠償,補(bǔ)償;remedy改進(jìn),補(bǔ)救;supplement補(bǔ)充;retrieve取回，索回。故A符合句意。

17.翻譯題

ReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintoChinese.

（1）Becauseanalysisultimatelyrestswiththethinkingandchoicesoftheresearcher,qualitativestudiesingeneralarelimitedbyresearchersubjectivity.Therefore,anoverridingconcernisthatofresearcherbias,framingasitdoesassumptions,interests,perceptions,andneeds.（2）Oneofthekeylimitationsofthisstudyistheissueofsubjectivityandpotentialbiasregardingtheresearcher’sownparticipationinadoctoralprogramfirstasastudentandcurrentlyasafacultymember.

（3）Arelatedlimitationwasthatintervieweesmayhavehaddifficultyadjustingto

the

researchertakingontheroleofinterviewer,aphenomenonreferredtobyMaxwellasparticipantreactivity.Becauseafewoftheparticipantsknowtheresearcher,theirresponsesmayhavebeeninfluencedoraffected.（4）Theymayhavetriedoverlyhardtocooperatewiththeresearcherbyofferinghertheresponsestheyperceivedshewasseekingorwhichtheyperceivedmightbehelpfultoher.Alternatively,becauseoffamiliaritywiththeresearcher,thesefewparticipantsmighthavebeenguardedandthereforelesscandidintheirresponses.Recognizingtheselimitations,theresearchertookthefollowingmeasures.（5）

Toreducethelimitationofpotentialbiasduringdataanalysis,theresearcherremovedallparticipantnamesandcodedallinterviewtranscriptsblindlysoasnottoassociateanymaterialordatawithanyparticularindividual.Furthermore，shemadeaconsciousattempttocreateanenvironmentthatwasconducivetohonestandopendialogue.Experienceasaninterviewer,aswellaspriorresearchexperience,washelpfulinthisregard.

【答案】由于分析最終取決于研究者的思維和選擇，定性研究一般受到研究者主體性的限制。

本研究的主要局限性之一是，研究人員以學(xué)生身份和教師身份參與博士項(xiàng)目的主觀性和潛在偏見(jiàn)問(wèn)題。

與此相關(guān)的一個(gè)限制是，受訪者可能難以適應(yīng)研究人員扮演采訪者的角色，麥克斯韋將這種現(xiàn)象稱為參與者反應(yīng)。

他們可能過(guò)于努力地與研究人員合作，向她提供他們認(rèn)為她正在尋找的答案，或者他們認(rèn)為可能對(duì)她有幫助的答案。

為了減少數(shù)據(jù)分析過(guò)程中潛在偏見(jiàn)的限制，研究者刪除了所有參與者的姓名，盲目地對(duì)所有訪談?dòng)涗涍M(jìn)行編碼，不將任何材料或數(shù)據(jù)與任何特定的個(gè)體相關(guān)聯(lián)。

18.單選題

Alltheoff-shoreoilexplorerswereinhighspiritsastheyread（

）lettersfromtheirfamilies.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.sentimental

B.affectionate

C.intimate

D.sensitive

【答案】B

【解析】sentimental傷感的，多愁善感的；affectionate深情的，充滿愛(ài)的；intimate親密的，精通的；sensitive敏感的，易受傷害的。句意：所有的海上石油探測(cè)者讀到家人寫(xiě)的充滿愛(ài)的信時(shí)，都會(huì)情緒高漲。選項(xiàng)B符合語(yǔ)境。

19.單選題

Getupearlyandruneveryday.Youwill______alotfromit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.receive

B.make

C.benefit

D.win

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)receive“收到”；B選項(xiàng)make“制造，做，組裝”；C選項(xiàng)benefit“對(duì)（某人）有用，使受益”；D選項(xiàng)win“（在比賽、賽跑、戰(zhàn)斗等中）獲勝，贏”。句意：每天早起跑步。你會(huì)從中______良多。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里指的是早起跑步會(huì)帶來(lái)很多好處，C選項(xiàng)benefit“使受益”符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

20.單選題

Thisleadsrecordcompaniestotreatmusiciansascontractedartistswhoarenotpaidafixedsumfortheirlabor-time,butinsteadreceiveroyaltiesin（

）totheirsuccess.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.addition

B.relation

C.percentage

D.proportion

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：這導(dǎo)致唱片公司把音樂(lè)家當(dāng)成簽約藝術(shù)家，他們無(wú)法獲得固定的工資，但是當(dāng)他們成功后可以獲得一定比例的版稅。inproportionto“與某事物成比例”，因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

21.單選題

WhyhavebegantoreadIrishbookswitha（）andpassionateinterest.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inquisitive

B.curious

C.prying

D.inquiring

【答案】A

【解析】句意:他們開(kāi)始懷著濃厚的好奇和興趣閱讀愛(ài)爾蘭的書(shū)籍。

考查形容詞辨析。inquisitive好學(xué)的，好奇的，興趣廣泛的，過(guò)分打聽(tīng)他人私事的；curious好奇的;prying愛(ài)打聽(tīng)的;inquiring好問(wèn)的，愛(ài)探索的。句子整體表達(dá)的是帶褒義的，因此A項(xiàng)正確。

22.單選題

Youdon’thavetoinstallthisradioinyournewcar,it’san（

）extra.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.excessive

B.optional

C.additional

D.arbitrary

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)excessive“過(guò)多的，過(guò)分的，額外的”；B選項(xiàng)optional“可選擇的，隨意的”；C選項(xiàng)additional“另外的，附加的，額外的”；D選項(xiàng)arbitrary“任意的，武斷的，獨(dú)裁的”。句意：你不一定非得在新車上安裝收音機(jī)，它是可選的配件。結(jié)合此處語(yǔ)義，B選項(xiàng)正確。

23.單選題

Oneoftheattractivefeaturesofthetrainingwasthewaythepracticalworkhadbeen______intothelearningprocess.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.adjusted

B.alternated

C.incorporated

D.combined

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)adjust“適應(yīng)，調(diào)整”；B選項(xiàng)alternate“交替，輪流”；C選項(xiàng)incorporate“將……包括在內(nèi)，包含，吸收”；D選項(xiàng)combine“使結(jié)合”。根據(jù)practicalwork與intothelearningprocess可知C選項(xiàng)符合邏輯搭配。句意：該培訓(xùn)吸引人的一個(gè)特點(diǎn)是將實(shí)踐工作納入到學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程的方式。

24.單選題

Peoplefromupper（）gatheredtogetherattheauctionyesterday.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.crop

B.crux

C.cult

D.crust

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)crop“產(chǎn)量，農(nóng)作物，莊稼，平頭”；B選項(xiàng)crux“關(guān)鍵，癥結(jié)，難題，十字架形，坩堝”；C選項(xiàng)cult“狂熱，異教團(tuán)體，宗教信仰，膜拜儀式，時(shí)髦的人（或事物），信徒”；D選項(xiàng)crust“地殼，外殼，面包皮，堅(jiān)