考研考博-英語-廣西科技師范學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廣西科技師范學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Sincethefirstbrainscannerwasconstructedseveralyearsago,computedtomographyorcomputedmedicalimagery,hasbecomefairlywidelyused,itsrapidacceptanceisduetothefactthatithasovercomeseveralofthedrawbacksofconventionalX-raytechnology.

Tobeginwith,conventionaltwo-dimensionalX-raypicturescannotshowalloftheinformationcontainedinathree-dimensionobject.Thingsatdifferentdepthsaresuperimposed,causingconfusiontotheviewer.Thecomputerisabletoreconstructpicturesofthebody'sinteriorbymeasuringthevaryingintensitiesofX-raybeamspassingthroughsectionsofthebodyfromhundredsofdifferentangles.Suchpicturesarebasedonseriesofthin"slices",

Inaddition,conventionalX-raygenerallydifferentiatesonlybetweenboneandair,asinthechestandlungs.Theycannotdistinguishsofttissuesorvariationsintissues.Theliverandpancreasarenotdiscernibleatall,andcertainotherorgansmayonlyberenderedvisiblethroughtheuseofradiopaquedye.Sincecomputedtomographyismuchmoresensitive,thesofttissuesofthekidneysorthelivercanbeseenandclearlydifferentiated.ThistechniquecanalsoaccuratelymeasuredifferentdegreesofX-rayabsorption,facilitatingthestudyofthenatureoftissue.

AthirdproblemwithconventionalX-raymethodsistheirinabilitytomeasurequantitativelytheseparatedensitiesoftheindividualsubstancesthroughwhichtheX-rayhaspassed.Onlythemeanabsorptionofallthetissuesisrecorded.Thisisnotaproblemwithcomputedtomography.Itcanaccuratelylocateatumorandsubsequentlymonitortheprogressofradiationtreatment,sothatinadditiontoitsdiagnosticcapabilities,itcanplayasignificantroleintherapy.

1.ConventionalX-raysmainlyshowthedifferencebetween（

）.

2.Whatkindofviewismadepossiblebycontiguouscrosssectionsofthebody?

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat，comparedtoconventionalX-raytechniques,computedtomographyismore

（

）.

4.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardthisnewtechnique?

5.Accordingtothepassage,computedtomographycanbeusedforallofthefollowingEXCEPT（

）.

問題1選項

A.boneandair

B.liverandpancreas

C.muscleandotherbodytissues

D.heartandlungs

問題2選項

A.Two-dimensional

B.Three-dimensional

C.Animated

D.Intensified

問題3選項

A.compact

B.rapid

C.economical

D.informative

問題4選項

A.Cautious

B.Tolerant

C.Enthusiastic

D.Critical

問題5選項

A.monitoringapatient'sdisease

B.diagnosingdisorders

C.locatingtumors

D.reconstructingdamagedtissues

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。第三段指出:Inaddition，conventionalX-raygenerallydifferentiatesonlybetweenboneandair,asinthechestandlungs(另外，傳統(tǒng)X光射線通常只能在骨頭和空隙之間做出區(qū)分，比如胸腔和肺),由此可知A項“骨頭和空隙”。

2.判斷推理題。題干問的是:身體相鄰交叉部位可能成什么樣的像？第二段指出:Tobeginwith,conventionaltwo-dimensionalX-raypicturescannotshowalloftheinformationcontainedinathree-dimensionobject.Thingsatdifferentdepthsaresuperimposed,causingconfusiontotheviewer(首先，傳統(tǒng)的二維X光射線成像不能顯示包含在三維物體里的所有信息。因為不同層面不同深度的影響是疊加的，這會使觀察者困惑),因此B項“三維的”正確。

3.判斷推理題。題干問的是:和傳統(tǒng)X光射線相比,計算機斷層掃描更加…。第二段指出:Tobeginwith,conventionaltwo-dimensionalX-raypicturescannotshowalloftheinformationcontainedinathree-dimensionobject.Thingsatdifferentdepthsaresuperimposed,causingconfusiontotheviewer(首先，傳統(tǒng)的二維X光射線成像不能顯示包含在三維物體里的所有信息。因為不同層面不同深度的影響是疊加的，這會使觀察者困惑),Thecomputerisabletoreconstructpicturesofthebody'sinteriorbymeasuringthevaryingintensitiesofX-raybeamspassingthroughsectionsofthebodyfromhundredsofdifferentangles(計算機斷層掃描可以通過測量從數(shù)百個不同角度穿過身體截面的X線的強度變化來重新構(gòu)建身體內(nèi)部的圖像)。由此可知D項“能提供更多信息”正確。

4.觀點態(tài)度題。文章通篇在講計算機斷層掃描相比傳統(tǒng)X光射線的優(yōu)點。最后一句話指出:Itcanaccuratelylocateatumorandsubsequentlymonitortheprogressofradiationtreatment,sothatinadditiontoitsdiagnosticcapabilities,itcanplayasignificantroleintherapy(它（即計算機斷層掃描）可以精確定位腫瘤位置來監(jiān)控放射治療的進程，所以，除有診斷能力外，它在治療中能起到重要作用)。由此可知作者對于斷層掃描的態(tài)度是肯定的。故選C。

5.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞computedtomography定位至最后一段:Itcanaccuratelylocateatumorandsubsequentlymonitortheprogressofradiationtreatment,sothatinadditiontoitsdiagnosticcapabilities,itcanplayasignificantroleintherapy(它（即計算機斷層掃描）可以精確定位腫瘤位置來監(jiān)控放射治療的進程，所以，除有診斷能力外，它在治療中能起到重要作用)。因此A項“監(jiān)控患者的疾病”,B項“診斷疾病”和C項“定位腫瘤位置”都正確。故選D。

2.單選題

Itissaidinsomepartsoftheworld,goats,ratherthancows,serveasavital（

）ofmilk.

問題1選項

A.storage

B.source

C.reserve

D.resource

【答案】B

【解析】句意:據(jù)說，在世界上某些地方，牛奶的重要來源是山羊，而不是奶牛。

名詞辨析。Storage存儲，倉庫;source來源;reserve儲備，儲存;resource資源，財力。因此B符合句意。

3.單選題

Hefailedtocarryoutsomeoftheprovisionsofthecontract,andnowhehasto（）theconsequences.

問題1選項

A.answerfor

B.stepinto

C.abideby

D.runinto

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。answerfor“對……負責(zé)”；stepinto“進入”;abideby“遵守”；runinto“遭遇，陷入”。前半句提到“他沒有履行合同的一些條款”，因此他需要對此負責(zé)，選項A符合題意。

4.單選題

Healwaysdidwellatschool（）havingtodopart-timejobseverynowandthen.

問題1選項

A.inspiteof

B.regardlessof

C.onaccountof

D.incaseof

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A項inspiteof“盡管”；B項regardlessof“不考慮，不顧”；C項onaccountof“因為，由于”；D項incaseof“如果發(fā)生……，萬一……”；然后我們帶入句子發(fā)現(xiàn)只有A選項符合。句意為：盡管他不得不時不時地做些兼職工作，但他在學(xué)?？偸潜憩F(xiàn)很好。

5.單選題

Theeveofthehurricaneappearstobetranquil.

問題1選項

A.calm

B.noisy

C.spiral

D.transparent

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.calm平靜的B.noisy吵鬧的

C.spiral螺旋形的D.transparent透明的

【答案】A

【考查點】語義銜接

【解題思路】劃線詞前面部分的語義為“颶風(fēng)來臨的前夕似乎是____”，由此可知，該詞是形容颶風(fēng)來臨之前的情況的，根據(jù)常識可知，暴風(fēng)雨來臨之前都是平靜的，A選項calm“平靜的”最符合原句語義銜接。原詞tranquil“平靜的”。

【干擾項排除】B、C、D選項不符合原句語義銜接。

【句意】颶風(fēng)來臨的前夕似乎很平靜。

6.單選題

Ourmoderncivilizationmustnotbethoughtofas（）inashortperiodoftime.

問題1選項

A.beingcreated

B.tohavebeencreated

C.havingbeencreated

D.tobecreated

【答案】C

【解析】考查定語從句。句意：我們的現(xiàn)代文明不應(yīng)該被認為是在短時間內(nèi)創(chuàng)造出來的。根據(jù)civilization被create確定用被動語態(tài)，根據(jù)create的動作從過去開始發(fā)生，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并且將持續(xù)下去確定用現(xiàn)在完成時，C選項havingbeencreated符合題意。因此C選項正確。

7.單選題

Sucheuphemismsmaybestylistically"permissible'"iftheyarekeptwithin.

問題1選項

A.boundaries

B.ranges

C.borders

D.limits

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項boundariesn.界限，分界線，邊界；B選項rangesn.里程，范圍；C選項bordersn.邊界，邊緣地區(qū)；D選項limitsn.范圍，限制，領(lǐng)土。句意：這樣的委婉用法在文體結(jié)構(gòu)上是可以的，但前提是要在有限范圍內(nèi)使用。根據(jù)句意可知，D項符合題意。因此，D項是正確答案。

8.單選題

Thisyoungman,（）withacravingformaterialisticgratification,caresaboutnothingbutmoney.

問題1選項

A.obsessed

B.negotiated

C.compromised

D.provided

【答案】A

【解析】動詞辨析題。obsessedwith沉迷于；negotiatedwith與…協(xié)商；compromisedwith向（某人）妥協(xié)；providedwith給…提供。句意：這個年輕人貪圖物質(zhì)上的滿足，只關(guān)心錢。選項A符合句意。

9.單選題

Thebeliefthattheuniverseisimprovingandthatgoodwill（）triumphoverevilprevails.

問題1選項

A.ultimately

B.conclusively

C.feasibly

D.terminally

【答案】A

【解析】ultimately最后，根本，基本上；conclusively最后地，決定性地；feasibly可行地；terminally最后，在末端，致命地。句意：宇宙正在進步，正義終將戰(zhàn)勝邪惡的信念盛行。選項A符合句意。

10.單選題

Iamoneofthemanycitypeoplewhoarealwayssayingthatgiventhechoicewewouldprefertoliveinthecountryawayfromthedirtandnoiseofalargecity.Ihavemanagedtoconvincemyselfthatifitweren'tformyjobIwouldimmediatelyheadoutfortheopenspacesandgobacktonatureinsomesleepyvillageburiedinthecounty.Buthowrealisticisthedream?

Citiescanbefrighteningplaces.Themajorityofthepopulationlivesinmassivetowerblocks,noisy,dirtyandimpersonal.Thesenseofbelongingtoacommunitytendstodisappearwhenyoulivefifteenfloorsup.Allyoucanseefromyourwindowissky,orotherblocksofflats.Childrenbecomeaggressiveandnervous-coopedupathomeallday,withnowheretoplay;theirmothersfeelisolatedfromtherestoftheworld.Strangelyenough,whereasinthepasttheinhabitantsofonestreetallkneweachother,nowadayspeopleonthesamefloorintowerblocksdon'tevensayhellotoeachother.

Countrylife,ontheotherhand,differsfromthiskindofisolatedexistenceinthatasenseofcommunitygenerallybindstheinhabitantsofsmallvillagestogether.Peoplehavetheadvantageofknowingthatthereisalwayssomeonetoturntowhentheyneedhelp.Butcountrylifehasdisadvantagestoo.Whileitistruethatyoumaybeamongfriendsinavillage,itisalsotruethatyouarecutofffromtheexcitingandinimportanteventsthattakeplaceincities,there'slittlepossibilityofgoingtoanewshoworthelatestmovie.Shoppingbecomesamajorproblem,andforanythingslightlyoutoftheordinaryyouhavetogoonanexpeditiontothenearestlargetown.Thecity-dwellerwholeavesforthecountryisoftenoppressedbyasenseofunbearablestillnessandquiet.

What,then,istheanswer?Thecountryhastheadvantageofpeaceandquiet,butsuffersfromthedisadvantageofbeingcutoff,thecitybreedsafeelingofisolationandconstantnoisebattersthesenses.Butoneofitsmainadvantagesisthatyouareatthecenterofthings,andthatlifedoesn'tcometoanendathalf-pastnineatnight.Somepeoplehavefound(orratherbought)acompromisebetweenthetwo:theyhaveexpressedtheirpreferenceforthe"quietlife"byleavingthesuburbsandmovingtovillageswithincommutingdistanceoflargecities.Theygenerallyhaveaboutasmuchsensitivityastheplasticflowerstheyleavebehind-theyarepollutedwithstrangeideasaboutchangeandimprovementwhichtheyforceontotheunwillingoriginalinhabitantsofthevillages.

Whatthenofmydreamsofleaningonacottagegateandmurmuring"morning"tothelocalsastheypassby.I’mkeenontheidea,butyouseethere'smycat,Toby.I'mnotatallsurethathewouldtaketoallthatfreshairandexerciseinthelonggrass.Imean,canyouseehimmixingwithallthoseheartymalesdownthefarm?No,hewouldratherhavetheelectricimitation-coalfireanyevening.

1.Wegettheimpressionfromthefirstparagraphthattheauthor

（

）.

2.Intheauthor’sopinion,thefollowingmaycausecitypeopletobeunhappyEXCEPT（

）.

3.ThepassageimpliesthatitiseasytobuytothefollowingthingsinthecountryEXCEPT

（

）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingadjectivesbestdescribesthosepeoplewhoworkinlargecitiesandliveinvillages

（

）.

5.Doyouthinktheauthorwillmovetothecountry?（

）.

問題1選項

A.usedtoliveinthecountry

B.usedtoworkinthecity

C.worksinthecity

D.livesinthecountry

問題2選項

A.astrongsenseoffear

B.lackofcommunication

C.housingconditions

D.asenseofisolation

問題3選項

A.dailynecessities

B.freshfruits

C.designerclothes

D.freshvegetables

問題4選項

A.Original

B.Quiet

C.Arrogant

D.Insensitive

問題5選項

A.Yes,hewilldoso.

B.No,hewillnotdoso

C.Itisdifficulttotell.

D.Heisintwominds.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:細節(jié)事實題。由文章第一段中Ihavemanagedtoconvincemyselfthatifitweren'tformyjobIwouldimmediatelyheadoutfortheopenspacesandgobacktonatureinsomesleepyvillageburiedinthecounty.（我設(shè)法說服自己，如果不是因為工作的緣故，我將馬上搬到開闊的農(nóng)村，回到隱藏在寧靜的村莊）可知作者在城市工作，因此選C。

第2題:推理判斷題。文章第二段中nowadayspeopleonthesamefloorintowerblocksdon'tevensayhellotoeachother與B選項對應(yīng)；Themajorityofthepopulationlivesinmassivetowerblocks,noisy,dirtyandimpersonal.Allyoucanseefromyourwindowissky,orotherblocksofflats與C選項對應(yīng)；theirmothersfeelisolatedfromtherestoftheworld與D選項對應(yīng)，因此選A。

第3題:推理判斷題。由文章第三段中Shoppingbecomesamajorproblem,andforanythingslightlyoutoftheordinaryyouhavetogoonanexpeditiontothenearestlargetown.（購物成了一個大問題，對于任何不尋常的東西，你必須遠征到最近的大城市）可知選C，其他選項都為平常的東西。

第4題:推理判斷題。由文章第四段中Theygenerallyhaveaboutasmuchsensitivityastheplasticflowerstheyleavebehind-theyarepollutedwithstrangeideasaboutchangeandimprovementwhichtheyforceontotheunwillingoriginalinhabitantsofthevillages.（他們大概和他們留下的塑料花一樣，沒有感受，他們的腦子里充滿了關(guān)于改變和改進農(nóng)村的奇怪想法，并將這些強加給不愿接受的原始居民）可知D選項“麻木不仁的”最恰當(dāng)。這里是將這些人和塑料花進行比較，他們只知道一味的強加，并不在意當(dāng)?shù)厝说母惺?，所以說和塑料花一樣麻木不仁。所以選項D正確。

第5題:推理判斷題。由文章最后一段中I’mkeenontheidea,but...No,hewouldratherhavetheelectricimitation-coalfireanyevening.可知作者以他的貓為例，認為它不一定會適應(yīng)農(nóng)村生活，更喜歡待在城里，間接表達了自己不會去農(nóng)村生活，因此選B。

11.單選題

Itseemsverydifficult______.

問題1選項

A.tostopthechildtocry

B.stoppingthechildtocry

C.stopthechildcrying

D.tostopthechildcrying

【答案】D

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.tostopthechildtocry去阻止孩子哭B.stoppingthechildtocry阻止孩子哭

C.stopthechildcrying阻止孩子哭D(zhuǎn).tostopthechildcrying去阻止孩子哭

【答案】D

【考查點】固定搭配。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞difficult（困難的）可知，difficulttodosth.是固定搭配，表示“做某事是困難的”，而stopdoing/todosth.也是固定搭配，但是stopdoingsth.表示“停止正在做的事情”，stoptodosth.是“停止正在干的事情去干另一件”；根據(jù)選項意思可知，空格處應(yīng)該表示“阻止孩子哭”。因此，該題選擇D項。

【干擾項排除】

B、C項不符合固定搭配；

A項不符合句子意思。

【句意】似乎很難讓這孩子不哭。

12.單選題

Educationinmostofthedevelopingworldisshocking.HalfofchildreninSouthAsiaandathirdofthoseinAfricawhocompletefouryearsofschoolingcannotreadproperly.Mostgovernmentshavepromisedtoprovideuniversalprimaryeducationandtopromotesecondaryeducation.Butevenwhenpublicschoolsexist,theyoftenfail.

Thefailureofstateeducation,combinedwiththeshiftinemergingeconomiesfromfarmingtojobsthatneedatleastamodicumofeducation,hascausedaprivate-schoolboom.AccordingtotheWorldBank,acrossthedevelopingworldafifthofprimary-schoolchildrenareenrolledinprivateschools,twiceasmanyas20yearsago.Somanyprivateschoolsareunregisteredthattherealfigureislikelytobemuchhigher.

Byandlarge,politiciansandeducationalistsareunenthusiastic.Governmentsseeeducationasthestate'sjob.NGOstendtobeideologicallyopposedtotheprivatesector.TheU.N.Specialrapporteuroneducation.KishoreSingh,hassaidthat“for-profiteducationshouldnotbeallowedinordertosafeguardthenoblecauseofeducation”.

Thisattitudeharmsthosewhomeducationalistsclaimtoserve:children.Theboominprivateeducationisexcellentnewsforthemandtheircountries,forthreereasons.

First,itisbringinginmoney—notjustfromparents,butalsofrominvestors,someinsearchofaprofit.Mostprivateschoolsinthedevelopingworldaresingleoperatorsthatchargeafewdollarsamonth,butchainsarenowemerging.

Second,privateschoolsareoftenbettervalueformoneythanstateones.Measuringthisishard,sincethechildrenwhogotoprivateschoolstendtobebetteroff,andthereforelikelytoperformbetter.Butarigorousfour-yearstudyof6,000pupilsinAndhraPradesh,insouthernIndia,suggestedthatprivatepupilsperformedbetterinEnglishandHindithanpublic-schoolpupils,andtheprivateschoolsachievedtheseresultsatathirdofthecostofthepublicschools.

Lastly,privateschoolsareinnovative.Sincetechnologyhasgreat(thoughasyetmostlyunrealized)potentialineducation,thiscouldbeimportant.Bridgegivesteacherstabletslinkedtoacentralsystemthatprovidesteachingmaterialsandmonitorstheirwork.Suchrobo-teachingmaynotbeideal,butitisbetterthanlessonswithouteithermaterialormonitoring.

Theprivatesectorhasproblems.Butthealternativeisoftenapublicschoolthatisworse—ornoschoolatall.Thegrowthofprivateschoolsisamanifestationofthehealthiestofinstincts:parents’desiretodothebestfortheirchildren.Governmentsshouldthereforebeaskingnothowtodiscourageprivateeducation,buthowtoboostit.Ideally,theywouldsubsidizeprivateschools,preferablythroughavoucherwhichparentscouldspendattheschoolsoftheirchoiceandtopup;theywouldregulateschoolstoensurequality;theywouldrunpublicexamstohelpparentsmakeinformedchoice.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,thestategovernmentsindevelopingcountriesfailto（

）.

2.TheauthormentionsKishoreSinghinordertoshow

（

）.

3.Privateschoolssurpassthepubliconesinthat

（

）.

4.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoftheprivateeducation?

5.Whichofthefollowingcanbethetitleofthepassage?

問題1選項

A.providepropereducationforalltheschoolagechildren

B.fulfilltheirpromisesbyestablishingenoughpublicschools

C.improveeducationqualityoftheexistingpublicschools

D.speedupthesocialshiftfromfarmingtomanufacturing

問題2選項

A.howstategovernmentsdislikeprivateeducation

B.whyNGOsaresomuchopposedtoprivatesectors

C.howweshouldsafeguardthenobilityofeducation

D.whatthesocialmainstreamthinksoftheprivateschool

問題3選項

A.theycanobtainmoremoneyfromparents

B.theyhaveachievedbetterteachingquality

C.theycanmakebetteruseofmoneyandinnovate

D.theycanusetabletstoassistteaching

問題4選項

A.Itmeetstheneedofsocialdevelopment.

B.Itshouldbesuspendedandreorganized.

C.Itshouldnotberunpurelyafterhighprofits.

D.Itisencouragedtoreplacepubliceducation.

問題5選項

A.WhyArePrivateSchoolsBoomingSoFast?

B.ShouldPrivateEducationBeHelpedorCurbed?

C.HowShouldtheGovernmentImproveEducation?

D.WhatShouldtheStateDowithPublicSchools?

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句“Mostgovernmentshavepromisedtoprovideuniversalprimaryeducationandtopromotesecondaryeducation.Butevenwhenpublicschoolsexist,theyoftenfail.大多數(shù)政府承諾提供普遍的初等教育以及促進中等教育的發(fā)展。但即使公立學(xué)校存在，它們通常還是失敗了?！痹俑鶕?jù)第一段前面的內(nèi)容可推斷，發(fā)展中國家的政府沒有履行他們的承諾，沒有建立足夠的公立學(xué)校。選項B符合原文；選項A和選項C在文中沒有提及；選項D是私立學(xué)校繁榮的原因之一，不符合題意。所以只有選項B正確。

2.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“KishoreSingh”定位第三段“KishoreSingh,hassaidthat‘for-profiteducationshouldnotbeallowedinordertosafeguardthenoblecauseofeducation’”聯(lián)合國教育特別報告員KishoreSingh曾表示：“為了捍衛(wèi)教育的崇高事業(yè)，不應(yīng)該允許營利性教育?！边@是對原文中上一句“NGOstendtobeideologicallyopposedtotheprivatesector.非政府組織往往在意識形態(tài)上反對私營部門”的解釋，說明非政府組織反對私營機構(gòu)的理由。因此選項B符合原文。

3.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)原文倒數(shù)兩段的首句“privateschoolsareoftenbettervalueformoneythanstateones.私立學(xué)校通常比公立學(xué)校更物有所值?！币簿褪悄軌虺浞掷觅Y金?！皃rivateschoolsareinnovative.”私立學(xué)校具有創(chuàng)新性。所以選項C符合原文。選項A顯然不是私立學(xué)校超越公立學(xué)校的原因；選項B在文中沒有提及；選項D表述過于片面。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段第三句“Governmentsshouldthereforebeaskingnothowtodiscourageprivateeducation,buthowtoboostit.政府不應(yīng)該打擊私營教育，而應(yīng)該大力發(fā)展私營教育。”由此可推斷，作者認為私營教育是符合社會發(fā)展的需求的。選項A正確。選項B與作者的觀點不符；選項C在文中沒有提及；選項D表述過于絕對。

5.主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，作者首先指出了發(fā)展中國家政府在公立教育方面的失敗，接著提到私營教育的發(fā)展，政府反對私營教育，而作者認為應(yīng)該大力發(fā)展私營教育，所以本文的主要內(nèi)容是討論支持還是反對私營教育。選項B最為恰當(dāng)。

13.單選題

Patientscanrecallwhattheyhearwhileundergeneralanestheticeveniftheydon’twakeup,concludesanewstudy.

Severalstudiesoverthepastthreedecadeshavereportedthatpeoplecanretainconsciousorsubconsciousmemoriesofthingsthathappenedwhiletheywerebeingoperatedon.Butfailurebyotherresearcherstoconfirmsuchfindingshasledskepticstospeculatethatthepatientswhorememberedtheseeventsmightbrieflyhaveregainedconsciousnessinthecourseofoperations.

GittaLubke,PeterSebelandcolleaguesatEmoryUniversityinAtlantameasuredthedepthofanesthesiausingbispectralanalysis,atechniquewhichmeasureschangesinbrainwavepatternsinthefrontallobesmomentbymomentduringsurgery.Beforethisstudy,researchersonlytookanaveragemeasurementoverthewholeoperation,saysLubke.

Lubkestudied96traumapatientsundergoingemergencysurgery,manyofwhomweretooseverelyinjuredtotoleratefullanesthesia.Duringsurgery,eachpatientworeheadphonesthroughwhichaseriesof16wordswasrepeatedfor3minuteseach.Atthesametime,bispectralanalysisrecordedthedepthofanesthesia.

Aftertheoperation,Lubketestedthepatientsbyshowingthemthefirstthreelettersofaword,suchas“l(fā)im-”,andaskingthemtocompleteit.Patientswhohadhadawordstartingwiththeselettersplayedduringsurgery—“l(fā)imit”,forexample—chosethatwordanaverageof11percentmoreoftenthanpatientswhohadbeenplayedadifferentwordlist.Noneofthepatientshadanyconsciousmemoryofhearingthewordlists.

Unconsciousprimingwasstrongestforwordsplayedwhenpatientsweremostlightlyanaesthetized.Butitwasstatisticallysignificantevenwhenpatientswerefullyanaesthetizedwhenthewordwasplayed.

ThisfindingwhichwillbepublishedinthejournalAnesthesiologycouldmeanthatoperatingtheatrestaffshouldbemorediscreet.“Whattheysayduringsurgerymaydistresspatientsafterwards,”saysPhilipMerikle,apsychologistattheUniversityofWaterloo,Ontario.

1.Scientistshavefoundthatdeepanesthesia______.

2.Bythenewstudythetechniqueofbyspectralanalysishelpsthescientists______.

3.Totestthepatientsthescientists______.

4.Theresultsfromthenewstudyindicatethatitwaspossibleforthepatients______.

5.Whatwecaninferfromthefindingis______.

問題1選項

A.islikelytoaffecthearing

B.cannotblocksurgeon’swords

C.cancauseseriousdamagestomemory

D.helpstoretainconsciousorsubconsciousmemories

問題2選項

A.acquireanaveragemeasurementofbrainwavechangesoverthewholesurgery

B.decidewhetherthepatientwouldretainconsciousorsubconsciousmemories

C.relatetheirmeasurementsandrecordingstotheverbalsoundsduringsurgery

D.assurethedepthofanesthesiaduringsurgery

問題3選項

A.preparedtwolistsofwords

B.usedninety-sixheadphonesforlistening

C.conductedthewholeexperimentforthreeminutes

D.voicedonlythefirstthreelettersofsixteenwordsduringsurgery

問題4選項

A.toregainconsciousnessundertheknife

B.totellonewordfromanotheraftersurgery

C.torecallwhathadbeenheardduringsurgery

D.tooverreacttodeepanesthesiainthecourseofoperation

問題5選項

A.howsurgeonmalpracticecanbeprevented

B.whyasurgeoncannotbetoocareful

C.whysurgeonsshouldholdtheirtonguesduringsurgery

D.howthepostoperativepatientscanretainsubconsciousmemories

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第一段“Patientscanrecallwhattheyhearwhileundergeneralanestheticeveniftheydon’twakeup,concludesanewstudy.（一項新的研究表明，即使病人沒有醒來，他們也能回憶起在全身麻醉下聽到的聲音。）”也就是說，全麻不會阻止病人聽到醫(yī)生說的話，所以B選項“不能阻擋外科醫(yī)生的話”符合原文。A選項“可能影響聽力”和C選項“會對記憶造成嚴重損害”文章沒有提及；D選項“幫助保持有意識或潛意識的記憶”中的“幫助”表述不當(dāng)，所以不正確。因此B選項正確。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第二段“Severalstudiesoverthepastthreedecadeshavereportedthatpeoplecanretainconsciousorsubconsciousmemoriesofthingsthathappenedwhiletheywerebeingoperatedon.（過去30年里的幾項研究報告稱，人們可以對手術(shù)過程中發(fā)生的事情保持有意識或潛意識的記憶。）”和第三段“...usingbispectralanalysis,atechniquewhichmeasureschangesinbrainwavepatternsinthefrontallobesmomentbymomentduringsurgery.（使用雙譜分析技術(shù)測量了麻醉深度，這種技術(shù)可以測量手術(shù)過程中大腦額葉中腦電波模式的變化。）”可知雙譜分析技術(shù)是幫助科學(xué)家們決定病人是保留有意識的記憶還是潛意識的記憶，所以B選項“判斷病人是否會保留有意識的記憶或潛意識的記憶”正確。由第三段“Beforethisstudy,researchersonlytookanaveragemeasurementoverthewholeoperation（在這項研究之前，研究人員只對整個手術(shù)進行了平均測量）”可知A選項“獲得整個手術(shù)期間腦電波變化的平均測量值”說法錯誤；C選項“將他們的測量和錄音與手術(shù)過程中的語音聯(lián)系起來”和D選項“術(shù)中保證麻醉深度”不符合原文。因此B選項正確。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第五段Patientswhohadhadawordstartingwiththeselettersplayedduringsurgery—“l(fā)imit”,forexample—chosethatwordanaverageof11percentmoreoftenthanpatientswhohadbeenplayedadifferentwordlist.（那些在手術(shù)中播放以這些字母開頭的單詞的患者——例如，“l(fā)imit”——選擇這個單詞的頻率比播放不同單詞列表的患者平均高11%）可推斷出有兩個不同的單詞表，所以A選項“準備了兩份單詞表”正確。B選項“使用了九十六個耳機聽”；C選項“整個實驗進行了三分鐘”；D選項“在手術(shù)中只發(fā)聲16個單詞的前三個字母”都不符合原文，因此A選項正確。

4.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第一段“Patientscanrecallwhattheyhearwhileundergeneralanestheticeveniftheydon’twakeup,concludesanewstudy.（一項新的研究表明，即使病人沒有醒來，他們也能回憶起在全身麻醉下聽到的聲音。）”可知對病人來說。回憶起手術(shù)期間聽到的東西是有可能的，所以C選項“回憶手術(shù)中聽到的一切”正確。A選項“在刀下恢復(fù)意識”；B選項“手術(shù)后說出一個詞和另一個詞”；D選項“在手術(shù)過程中對深度麻醉反應(yīng)過度”都不符合原文，因此C選項正確。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段“...operatingthea