考研考博-英語(yǔ)-亳州學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-亳州學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Rushtooka(n)dogmaticapproachtomedicine,convincedthatalldiseaseshadessentiallythesamecause:fever.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.definite

B.confident

C.explicit

D.arbitrary

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。dogmatic表示“教條的，武斷的”；A項(xiàng)definite“一定的，確切的”，B項(xiàng)confident“自信的，確信的”，C項(xiàng)explicit“明確的，清楚的，直率的”，D項(xiàng)arbitrary“任意的，武斷的”。句意：拉什對(duì)醫(yī)學(xué)采取獨(dú)斷專行的態(tài)度，相信所有的疾病本質(zhì)上都有相同的原因，那就是發(fā)燒。因此，根據(jù)句意可知D選項(xiàng)正確。

2.填空題

Lizdidn’ttellherfriendsthatshewasill,soasaresult（1）ofthemcametoseeher（2）shewasinthehospital.

【答案】1.none

2.when

【解析】1.語(yǔ)義題。None表示“沒(méi)有一個(gè)”。

2.語(yǔ)義題。When當(dāng)…的時(shí)候。

3.單選題

Hesaiditwasimportantthateverymember（）hissubscriptionbytheendofthemonth.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.sends

B.end

C.sent

D.hadsent

【答案】B

【解析】句意:他說(shuō)，重要的是每個(gè)會(huì)員都要在月底前提交注冊(cè)資料。

考查常用句型。在itisimportantthat引導(dǎo)的句型中，后面的從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用should(可省略)+動(dòng)詞原形。

4.單選題

Questions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

AbrahamLincolnturns200thisyear,andhe’sbeginningtoshowhisage.Whenhisbirthdayarrives,onFebruary12,CongresswillholdaspecialjointsessionintheCapitol’sNationalStatuaryHall,awreathwillbelaidatthegreatmemorialinWashington,andawebcastwilllinkschoolclassroomsfora“teach-in”honoringhismemory.

Admirableastheyare,though,theeventswillstrikemanyofusLincolnfansasinadequate,evenhalfheartedand—anothersignthatourappreciationforthe16thpresidentandhistoweringachievementsisslippingaway.Andyoudon’thavetobeaLincolnenthusiasttobelievethatthisissomethingwecan’taffordtolose.

Comparethisyear’scelebrationwiththeLincolncentennialin1909.Thatyear,Lincoln’slikenessmadeitsdebutonthepenny,thankstoapprovalfromtheU.S.SecretaryoftheTreasuryCommunitiesandcivicassociationsineverycomerofthecountyeruptedinparades,concerts,balls,lecturesandmilitarydisplays.Westillfeeltheeffectstoday:Themomentumunloosedin1909ledtotheLincolnMemorial,openedin1922,andtheLincolnHighway,thefirstpavedtranscontinentalthoroughfare.

Thecelebrantsin1909hadafewinspirationswelacktoday.Lincoln’spresidencywasstillalivingmemoryforcountlessAmericans.In2009wearefartherintimefromtheendoftheSecondWorldWarthantheywerefromtheCivilWar;familiesstillfeltthelossoflovedonesfromthatawfulnationaltrauma.

ButAmericansin1909hadsomethingmore:anunembarrassedappreciationforheroesandanacutesenseofthewaythatevenlong-deadhistoricalfigurespressinonthepresentandmakeuswhoweare.

OnestorywillillustratewhatI’mtalkingabout.

In2003agroupoflocalcitizensarrangedtoplaceastatueofLincolninRichmond,Virginia,formercapitaloftheConfederacy.Theideatouchedoffafirestormofcontroversy.TheSonsofConfederateVeteransheldapublicconferenceofcarefullyselectedscholarsto“reassess”thelegacyofLincoln.Theverdict—nosurprise—wasnegative:Lincolnwaslabeledeverythingfromaracisttotalitariantoatellerofdirtyjokes.

Icoveredtheconferenceasareporter,butwhatreallyunnervedmewasacounter-conferenceofscholarstorefutetheearlierone.ThesescholarsdrewapictureofLincolnthatonlyourtouchy-feelyagecouldconjureup.Themanwhooversawthemostsavagewarinourhistorywasdescribed—byhisadmirers,remember—as“nonjudgmental,”“unmoralistic,”“comfortablewithambiguity.”

IfeltthewayafriendofminefeltaswelaterwatchedtheunveilingoftheRichmondstatueinasubduedceremony:“Buthe’ssosmall!”

ThestatueinRichmondwasindeedsmall;likenearlyeveryLincolnstatueputupinthepasthalfcentury,itwaslife-sizeandwasplacedatgroundlevel,aconsciousrejectionoftheheroic—approachableandhuman,yes,butnotsomethingtolookupto.

TheRichmondepisodetaughtmethatAmericanshavelostthelanguagetoexplainLincoln’sgreatnesseventoourselves.EarliergenerationssaidtheywantedtheirchildrentobelikeLincoln:principled,kind,compassionate,resolute.TodaywewantLincolntobelikeus.

ThishelpstoexplainthelongstringofrecentbooksinwhichwritershavepresentedaLincolnmadeaftertheirownimage.We’vehadLincolnashumoristandLincolnasmanic-depressive,Lincolnthebusinesssage,theconservativeLincolnandtheliberalLincoln,theemancipatorandtheracist,thestoicphilosopher,theChristian,theatheist—LincolnovereasyandLincolnscrambled.

What’softenmissing,though,isthetimelessLincoln,theLincolnwhomallgenerations,ourownnolessthanthatof1909,canlayclaimto.Luckyforus,thosememorializersfromacenturyago—and,throughthem,Lincolnhimself—haveleftusthehintofwheretofindhim.TheLincolnMemorialisthemostvisitedofourpresidentialmonuments.HereiswherewefindtheLincolnwhoendures:inthewordsheleftus,definingthecountrywe’veinherited.HereistheLincolnwhocanbeendlesslyrenewedandwho,200yearsafterhisbirth,retainsthepowertorenewus.

26.Theauthorthinksthatthisyear’scelebration,isinadequateandevenhalfheartedbecause（）.

27.Accordingthepassagewhatreallymakesthe1909celebrationsdifferentformthisyear’s?

28.Intheauthor’sopinion,thecounter-conference（）.

29.Accordingtotheauthor,theimageofLincolnconceivedbycontemporarypeople（）.

30.Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheimplicationofthelastparagraph?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.nosimilarappreciationofLincolnwillbeseen

B.noactivitiescanbecomparedtothosein1909

C.noLincolnstatuewillbeunveiled

D.nomemorialcoinswillbeissued

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.StructuresconstructedinmemoryofLincoln.

B.Varietyandmagnitudeofcelebrationactivities.

C.Respectforgreatpeopleandtheirinfluence.

D.TemporalproximitytoLincoln’spresidency.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.rectifiedthejudgmentbythosecarefullyselectedscholars

B.resultedinsimilardisparagingremarksonLincoln

C.cameupwithsomewhatfavorableconclusions

D.offeredabrandnewreassessmentperspective

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.revealsthevarietyofcurrentopinionsonheroes

B.showsthepresent-daydesiretoemulateLincoln

C.reflectsthepresent-daytendencyofworship

D.conformstotraditionalimages

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Thememorialissymbolicofthegreatman’sachievements.

B.Lincoln’sgreatnessremainsdespitethepassageoftime.

C.EachgenerationhasitsowninterpretationofLincoln.

D.PeoplegettoknowLincolnthroughmemorializers.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】26、【試題答案】B

【試題解析】判斷推理題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“inadequateandevenhalfhearted”定位到本文第二段，可知本段是指今年的慶祝是不夠的，甚至有點(diǎn)三心二意。再根據(jù)第三段主要講述為什么今年的慶祝是不夠的，由第三段第一句話“Comparethisyear’scelebrationwiththeLincolncentennialin1909”（將今年的慶?；顒?dòng)與1909年的林肯誕生100周年進(jìn)行比較），然后本段主要介紹了1909年的慶?；顒?dòng)的盛大，所以可知今年的慶祝不夠是因?yàn)榕c1909年相比，是遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠的，因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意；A選項(xiàng)沒(méi)有原文依據(jù)；C、D選項(xiàng)都是今年慶?；顒?dòng)沒(méi)有，而1909年有的具體表現(xiàn)，所以排除。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

27、【試題答案】B

【試題解析】判斷推理題。由26題也可知今年與1909年的慶?；顒?dòng)不同的是慶祝的種類與規(guī)模，即本文的第三段介紹了有哪些不同，因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“為紀(jì)念林肯而建造的建筑物”是屬于慶祝的規(guī)模與范疇的；C選項(xiàng)說(shuō)法錯(cuò)誤，即使是今天，人們也無(wú)法用語(yǔ)言描述出林肯的偉大；D選項(xiàng)沒(méi)有原文依據(jù)。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

28、【試題答案】B

【試題解析】判斷推理題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“counter-conference”定位到第八段最后一句“Themanwhooversawthemostsavagewarinourhistorywasdescribed—byhisadmirers,remember—as‘nonjudgmental,’‘unmoralistic,’‘comfortablewithambiguity’”（這位目睹了我們歷史上最野蠻的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的人，被他的崇拜者描述為——請(qǐng)記住——“不偏不倚”“不講道德”“喜歡模棱兩可”）可知反會(huì)議上學(xué)者為林肯做的畫像，傳遞出關(guān)于林肯負(fù)面的內(nèi)容，即導(dǎo)致了對(duì)林肯類似的貶低的言論，所以B選項(xiàng)與其相對(duì)應(yīng)。A、C、D選項(xiàng)均說(shuō)法錯(cuò)誤，與B選項(xiàng)意義相反，所以排除。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

29、【試題答案】A

【試題解析】判斷推理題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“imageofLincoln”可定位到倒數(shù)第二段的第一句話“ThishelpstoexplainthelongstringofrecentbooksinwhichwritershavepresentedaLincolnmadeaftertheirownimage”，后面是一些作家對(duì)林肯的形象的制造，總之是很混亂的，包括幽默家、解放者等，所以林肯的形象揭示了當(dāng)前對(duì)英雄的各種不同看法，因此A選項(xiàng)說(shuō)法正確。B、C、D選項(xiàng)沒(méi)有原文依據(jù)。

30、【試題答案】B

【試題解析】總結(jié)歸納題。由題干定位到本文的最后一段。由最后一段最后一句話“HereistheLincolnwhocanbeendlesslyrenewedandwho,200yearsafterhisbirth,retainsthepowertorenewus”（這就是林肯，他可以不斷地被更新，在他出生200年后，他仍然保留著更新我們的權(quán)力）可知人們對(duì)林肯的形象有不同的解釋與更新，但是盡管時(shí)間流逝，林肯的偉大仍然存在，最后一段主要強(qiáng)調(diào)林肯的偉大不會(huì)消失且一直在影響著人們。最后一段沒(méi)有提到紀(jì)念碑的內(nèi)容，A選項(xiàng)排除；C選項(xiàng)體現(xiàn)在倒數(shù)第二段，題干問(wèn)的是最后一段；D選項(xiàng)沒(méi)有原文依據(jù)，所以排除。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Thesecontinual（

）intemperaturemakeitimpossibletodecidewhattowear.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.transitions

B.transformations

C.exchanges

D.fluctuations

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)transition“過(guò)渡”；B選項(xiàng)transformation“轉(zhuǎn)化；轉(zhuǎn)換；改革；變形”；C選項(xiàng)exchange“交換；交流”；D選項(xiàng)fluctuation“起伏；波動(dòng)”。句意：溫度的持續(xù)……使人沒(méi)法決定穿什么。只有氣溫上下波動(dòng)，才讓人不好選擇穿什么衣服，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Hearsayevidenceconsistsofstatementsmadeoutofcourtbysomeonewhoisnotpresenttotestifyunderoathatatrial.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.mistrust

B.dispute

C.scrutiny

D.pledge

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。oath表示“誓言，誓約，詛咒”；A項(xiàng)mistrust“不信任，懷疑”，B項(xiàng)dispute“辯論，爭(zhēng)吵，意見(jiàn)不同”，C項(xiàng)scrutiny“詳細(xì)審查，監(jiān)視，細(xì)看”，D項(xiàng)pledge“保證，誓言，抵押”。句意：非直接證據(jù)指的是某人在法庭上宣誓作證時(shí)所作的證詞。因此，根據(jù)句意可知D選項(xiàng)正確。

7.翻譯題

為了尋找實(shí)驗(yàn)室試驗(yàn)的替代品，經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家十分關(guān)注歷史所提供的自然實(shí)驗(yàn)。例如，當(dāng)中東戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中斷了原油運(yùn)輸時(shí)，全世界石油價(jià)格飛漲。對(duì)石油和石油產(chǎn)品的消費(fèi)者來(lái)說(shuō)，這個(gè)事件降低了他們的生活水平。對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)決策者來(lái)說(shuō)，它提出了選擇最優(yōu)反應(yīng)的難題。但對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)科學(xué)家來(lái)說(shuō)，它提供了研究關(guān)鍵自然資源對(duì)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)影響的機(jī)會(huì)，而且，在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)引起的石油價(jià)格上漲結(jié)束后，這種機(jī)會(huì)還會(huì)持續(xù)很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。因此，在本書中我們要考慮許多歷史事件。這些事件之所以具有研究?jī)r(jià)值，既是因?yàn)樗鼈兡苁刮覀兞私膺^(guò)去的經(jīng)濟(jì)，更重要的則是因?yàn)樗鼈兪刮覀兛梢哉f(shuō)明并評(píng)價(jià)現(xiàn)在的經(jīng)濟(jì)理論。

Directions:TranslatethefollowingparagraphfromChineseintoEnglish.

【答案】Inordertofindasubstituteforlaboratoryexperiments,economistspaycloseattentiontothenaturalexperimentsprovidedbyhistory.WhenawarintheMiddleEastinterruptedtheflowofcrudeoil,forinstance,oilpricessoaredupthroughouttheworld.Forconsumersinoilandoilproducts,suchaneventhasreducedtheirlivingstandards.Foreconomicpolicymakers,itputsforwardtheproblemofchoosingthebestresponse.Butforeconomicscientists,itprovidesanopportunitytostudytheimpactofkeynaturalresourcesontheworldeconomy,andthisopportunitywillpersistforlongafterthewartimeincreaseinoilpriceisover.Therefore,throughoutthisbookwewillconsideralotofhistoricalevents.Theseeventsarevaluabletostudybecausetheyenableustounderstandtheeconomyofthepast,andmoreimportantly,becausetheyallowustoillustrateandevaluatethecurrenteconomictheories.

8.單選題

Thereareseveralpossibleexplanationforthegreaterjob（

）inJapanincontrasttothegreatjobmobilityintheUnitedState.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.sensitivity

B.creativity

C.stability

D.security

【答案】C

【解析】形近詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)sensitivity“敏感性”；B選項(xiàng)creativity“創(chuàng)造性”；C選項(xiàng)stability“穩(wěn)定性”；D選項(xiàng)security“安全性”。

句意：日本工作的穩(wěn)定性和美國(guó)工作的流動(dòng)性形成對(duì)比，對(duì)此有幾種可能的解釋。根據(jù)下文的關(guān)鍵詞“mobility”可知，選項(xiàng)C正確。

9.翻譯題

Companiesnowrealizethatvirusesaren’t“urbanmyth”,andcanbeaseriousimpactontheiroperations.Theyinvestinanti-virussoftwareonthedesktops,serversandemailgatewaysandevenputinplaceprocedurestoensuretheiranti-virusisup-to-datewiththeverylatestdetectionroutines.Anti-virussoftwaredetectsmostofthevirusesyourusersarelikelytoencounter—oftenwithouttheuserevenknowing.However,anti-virussoftwaremustbeupdatedregularly,preferablydailyinanylargecompany.Eventhen,averynewviruscaninfectyourusers.WiththerapidtransmissionoffilesthroughnetworksandtheInternet,aviruscanspreadaconsiderabledistancebeforeitcanbeidentifiedandprotectedagainst.

【答案】

各家公司現(xiàn)在意識(shí)到病毒并不是“現(xiàn)代神話”，而確實(shí)會(huì)嚴(yán)重影響到公司的運(yùn)作。他們投資殺毒軟件，安裝在計(jì)算機(jī)、服務(wù)器以及電子郵件網(wǎng)關(guān)上，甚至還采取措施確保使用最新的檢查程序，隨時(shí)更新殺毒軟件。殺毒軟件確實(shí)能檢測(cè)出用戶會(huì)碰到的絕大多數(shù)病毒，而且往往在用戶毫無(wú)察覺(jué)時(shí)就已經(jīng)處理完畢。然而，軟件必須定期更新，大公司則最好是每天更新一次。即使是這樣，一種非常新的病毒也還是可能感染到用戶。通過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，文件可以快速地傳輸，等到人們發(fā)現(xiàn)一種病毒并加以防范時(shí)，病毒可能已經(jīng)擴(kuò)散到了相當(dāng)?shù)姆秶?/p>

10.單選題

Workinginthecustoms,Ifeelbothexcitingandchallenging,forIhavetofacethedifficultiesofdealingwith（）groupsofpeople.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.delicate

B.deliberate

C.discrete

D.disparate

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析題。delicate精致的，微妙的；deliberate故意的，深思熟慮的；discrete離散的，不連續(xù)的；disparate不同的，不相干的，迥異的。句意：在海關(guān)工作，我感到既興奮又有挑戰(zhàn)性，因?yàn)槲冶仨毭鎸?duì)與不同群體打交道的困難。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

11.單選題

Certainlynocreatureintheseaisodderthanthecommonseacucumber.Alllivingcreatures，especiallyhumanbeings,havetheirpeculiarities,buteverythingaboutthelittleseacucumberseemsunusual.Whatelsecanbesaidaboutabizarreanimalthat,amongothereccentricities,eatsmud，feedsalmostcontinuouslydayandnightbutcanlivewithouteatingforlongperiods,andcanbepoisonousbutisconsideredsupremelyediblebygourmets?

Forsomefiftymillionyears，despiteallitseccentricities,theseacucumberhassubsistedonitsdietofmud.Itisadaptableenoughtoliveattachedtorocksbyitstubefeet,underrocksinshallowwater,oronthesurfaceofmudflats.CommonincoolwateronbothAtlanticandPacificshores,ithastheabilitytosuckupmudorsandanddigestwhatevernutrientsarepresent.

Seacucumberscomeinavarietyofcolors,rangingfromblacktoreddish-browntosand-coloredandnearlywhite.Oneformevenhasvividpurpletentacles.Usuallythecreaturesarecucumber-shaped—hencetheirname—andbecausetheyaretypicallyrockinhabitants,thisshape,combinedwith(heirflexibility,enablesthemtosqueezeintocreviceswheretheyaresafefrompredatorsandoceancurrents.

Althoughtheyhavevoraciousappetites,eatingdayandnight,seacucumbershavethecapacitytobecomequiescentandliveatalowmetabolicrate—feedingsparinglyornotatallforlongperiods,sothatthemarineorganismsthatprovidetheirfoodhaveachancetomultiply.Ifitwerenotforthisfaculty.theywoulddevourallthefoodavaila-bleinashorttimeandwouldprobablystarvethemselvesoutofexistence.

Butthemostspectacularthingabouttheseacucumberisthewayitdefendsitself.Itsmajorenemiesarefishandcrabs.Whenattacked,itsquirtsallitsinternalorgansintothewater.Italsocastsoffattachedstructuressuchastentacles.Theseacucumberwilleviscerateandregenerateitselfifitisattackedoreventouched;itwilldothesameifthesurroundingwatertemperatureistoohighorthewaterbecomestoopolluted.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whyistheshapeofseacucumberimportant?

2.Thefourthparagraphofthepassageprimarilydiscusses（）

3.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthedefensemechanismsoftheseacucumber?

4.WhichofthefollowingwouldNOTcauseaseacucumbertoreleaseitsinternalorgansintothewater?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Becauseithelpsthemdigestfood.

B.Becauseithelpsthemprotectthemselvesfromdanger.

C.Becauseitmakesiteasierforthemtomovethroughmud.

D.Becauseitmakesthemattractivetofish.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.thereproductionofseacucumbers

B.thefoodsourcesofseacucumbers

C.theeatinghabitsofseacucumbers

D.threatstoseacucumbers'existence

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theyareverysensitivetothesurroundingstimuli.

B.Theyarealmostuseless.

C.Theyrequiregroupcooperation.

D.Theyaresimilartothoseofmostseacreatures.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Atouch

B.Food

C.Unusuallywarmwater

D.Pollution

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段，“enablesthemtosqueezeintocreviceswheretheyaresafefrompredatorsandoceancurrents.”?？芍⒌念伾托螤钍顾鼈兛梢圆剡M(jìn)裂縫中，可以遠(yuǎn)離捕食者，更好地保護(hù)自己。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.主旨題。根據(jù)第四段，“Althoughtheyhavevoraciousappetites,eatingdayandnight..”。海參的胃口很大，可以晝夜不停地吃?？芍谒亩沃饕懻摵⒌娘嬍沉?xí)慣。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.推斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“Theseacucumberwilleviscerateandregenerateitselfifitisattackedoreventouched”一受到攻擊甚至是觸摸，海參把內(nèi)臟會(huì)噴射到水里然后重生，可推斷出海參對(duì)外界的攻擊反應(yīng)是很靈敏的。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“…ifitisattackedoreventouched…ifthesurroundingwatertemperatureistoohighorthewaterbecomestoopolluted.”?？芍疁?、水污染、攻擊或者觸碰都會(huì)使海參有反應(yīng)。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

12.單選題

Manytouristswere（）bythecity’scomplicatedtrafficsystem.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.degraded

B.bewildered

C.evoked

D.diverted

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。degrade“使降低，使墮落，”；bewilder“迷惑；把…弄糊涂，”；evoke意為“喚起，引起，”；divert意為“轉(zhuǎn)移，分散?！本湟猓哼@個(gè)城市復(fù)雜的交通把許多游客搞得暈頭轉(zhuǎn)向。B項(xiàng)符合題意。

13.單選題

______thechanceandthemoney,I’dcomeandseeyouinNewYorkintheforeseeablefuture.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Given

B.Assuming

C.Withregardto

D.Considering

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。A選項(xiàng)Given“如果有（機(jī)會(huì)等）；鑒于”，介詞；B選項(xiàng)Assuming“假如”，從屬連詞，assuming(that)+從句；C選項(xiàng)Withregardto“關(guān)于，至于”；D選項(xiàng)Considering“考慮到；就……而言；鑒于”。句意：______有機(jī)會(huì)和錢，在可預(yù)見(jiàn)的將來(lái)我一定會(huì)來(lái)紐約看你。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里指有機(jī)會(huì)和錢的時(shí)候會(huì)來(lái)看你，并且橫線后面跟名詞短語(yǔ)，A選項(xiàng)Given“如果有（機(jī)會(huì)等）”符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Wecontinuetosharewithourremotestancestorsthemosttangledandevasiveattitudesaboutdeathdespitethegreatdistancewehavecometounderstandsomeoftheprofoundaspectsofbiology.Wehaveasmuchdistastefortalkingaboutpersonaldeathasforthinkingaboutit,itisanindelicacyliketalkinginmixedcompanyaboutvenerealdiseaseorabortionintheolddays.Deathonagrandscaledoesnotbotherusinthesamespecialway:wecansitaroundadinnertableanddiscusswar,involving60millionvolatilizedhumandeaths,asthoughweweretalkingaboutbadweather,wecanwatchabruptbloodydeatheveryday,incolor,onfilmsandtelevision,withoutblinkingbackatear.Itiswhenthennumbersofdeadareverysmall,andveryclosethatwebegintothinkinscurryingcircles.Attheverycenteroftheproblemisthenakedcolddeadnessofone’sownself,theonlyrealityinnatureofwhichwecanhaveabsolutecertainty,anditisunmentionable,unthinkable.Wemaybeevenlesswillingtofacetheissueatfirsthandthanourpredecessorsbecauseofasecretnewhopethatmaybeitwillgoaway.Weliketothink,hidingthethought,thatwithallthemarvelouswaysinwhichweseemnowtoleadnaturearoundbythenose,perhapswecanavoidthecentralproblemifwejustbecome,nextyear,say,abitsmarter.

1.Accordingtothepassage,wedobetterthanourremotestancestorsbecause（

）.

2.Whenwetalkatthedinnertableaboutawarinwhichmanypeoplelosttheirlives,weareliabletoshowour（

）.

3.Fromthepassage,weknowthatapersonbecomesupsetaboutdeathwhen（

）.

4.Accordingtopassage,theonlyrealityweknowforsureis（

）.

5.Thelastsentenceofthepassagesuggestspeopledeceivethemselvesbythethoughtthat（

）

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ourattitudeaboutdeathismoredirectandscientific

B.wehaveadeeperunderstandingofbiology

C.wecancalmlytalkaboutdeath

D.wecantalkfreelyatdinnertable

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.indignation

B.sympathy

C.indifference

D.superstition

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.heseesdeathonfilmsandtelevision

B.herealizesthatmanispowerlessbeforenature

C.helosesoneofhisrelativesorintimatefriends

D.hewitnessesdeathonagrandscale

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.wearemortalbeings

B.scienceenablesustoprolongourlives

C.weallsharesomeinnerapathytowardsothers

D.wearelessevasiveaboutdeaththanourpredecessors

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.wearemoreintelligentthanourancestors

B.wecanleadnaturearoundbythenose

C.wecanbecomesmartenoughtoputdeathoff

D.wecanavoidwarinthefuture

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.根據(jù)文章第一句Wecontinuetosharewithourremotestancestorsthemosttangledandevasiveattitudesaboutdeathdespitethegreatdistancewehavecometounderstandsomeoftheprofoundaspectsofbiology.我們繼續(xù)與我們最遙遠(yuǎn)的祖先分享對(duì)死亡最糾結(jié)和逃避的態(tài)度，盡管我們已經(jīng)了解了生物學(xué)的一些深刻方面。確定B選項(xiàng)‘我們對(duì)生物學(xué)有更深的理解‘正確。A選項(xiàng)‘我們對(duì)死亡的態(tài)度更直接更科學(xué)’、C選項(xiàng)‘我們可以平靜地談?wù)撍劳觥?、D選項(xiàng)‘我們可以在飯桌前自由談?wù)摗环显摹?/p>

2.根據(jù)這一句話wecansitaroundadinnertableanddiscusswar,involving60millionvolatilizedhumandeaths,asthoughweweretalkingaboutbadweather,wecanwatchabruptbloodydeatheveryday,incolor,onfilmsandtelevision,withoutblinkingbackatear.我們可以圍坐在餐桌旁討論戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，涉及6000萬(wàn)人的死亡，就像我們?cè)谡務(wù)搻毫拥奶鞖庖粯樱覀兛梢悦刻煸陔娪昂碗娨暽峡吹酵蝗坏难人劳?，而且是彩色的，不眨一下眼淚。確定C選項(xiàng)‘冷漠，漠不關(guān)心’正確。

3.根據(jù)文章的thennumbersofdeadareverysmall大數(shù)量的死亡是很少的。Attheverycenteroftheproblemisthenakedcolddeadnessofone’sownself：核心的問(wèn)題是某人會(huì)獨(dú)自孤獨(dú)地死去。由確定C選項(xiàng)‘他失去他的某位親戚或親密朋友’符合題意。

4.根據(jù)文章這一句話theonlyrealityinnatureofwhichwecanhaveabsolutecertainty,anditisunmentionable,unthinkable：這是我們唯一可以肯定的客觀事實(shí)，并且是難以啟齒的，不能想象的。確定A選項(xiàng)‘我們都終有一死‘正確。B選項(xiàng)‘科學(xué)能延長(zhǎng)我們的生命‘文章沒(méi)有提及。C選項(xiàng)’我們應(yīng)當(dāng)與他人分享自己內(nèi)心的冷漠‘和D選項(xiàng)’我們比我們的袓先更無(wú)法逃避死亡‘不符合題意。

5.根據(jù)文章最后一句話Weliketothink,hidingthethought,thatwithallthemarvelouswaysinwhichweseemnowtoleadnaturearoundbythenose,perhapswecanavoidthecentralproblemifwejustbecome,nextyear,say,abitsmarter.我們喜歡思考，隱藏思想。現(xiàn)在我們用盡各種方法，似乎是我們牽著大自然的鼻子走。如果我們變得更聰明些，或許能夠避免核心的問(wèn)題。可以確定C選項(xiàng)‘我們足夠聰明可以推遲死亡‘符合題意。

15.單選題

AccordingtoarecentpublicationoftheEqualEmploymentOpportunityCommission,atthepresentrateofprogress,itwilltakeforty-threeyearstoendjobdiscrimination—hardlyareasonabletimetable.

Ifourgoaliseducationalandeconomicequityandparity,itisthenweneedaffirmativeactiontocatchup.Wearebehindasaresultofdiscriminationanddenialofopportunity.Thereisonewhiteattorneyforevery680whites,butonlyoneblackattorneyforevery4,000blacks;onewhitephysicianforevery659whites,butonlyoneblackphysicianforevery5,000blacks;andonewhitedentistforevery1,900whites,butonlyoneblackdentistforevery8,400blacks.Lessthan1percentofallengineersorofallpracticingchemistsisblack.Cruelanduncompassionateinjusticecreatedgapslikethese.Weneedcreativejusticeandcompassiontohelpusclosethem.

Actually,intheU.S.context,“reversediscrimination”isillogicalandacontradictioninterms.Neverinthehistoryofmankindhasamajority,withpower,engagedinprogramsandwrittenlawsthatdiscriminateagainstitself.Theonlythingwhitesaregivingupbecauseofaffirmativeactionisunfairadvantagesomethingthatwasunnecessaryinthefirstplace.

Blacksarenotmakingprogressattheexpenseofwhites,asnewsaccountsmakeitseem.Thereare49percentmorewhitesinmedicalschooltodayand64percentmorewhitesinlawschoolthantherewerewhenaffirmativeactionprogramsbegansomeeightyearsago.

Inarecentcolumn,WilliamRaspberryraisedaninterestingquestion.CommentingontheBakkecase,heasked,“Whatif,insteadofsettingaside16of100slots,weadded16slotstothe100?”That,hesuggested,wouldnotinterferewithwhatwhitesalreadyhave.Hethenwentontopointoutthatthis,infact,isexactlywhathashappenedinlawandmedicalschools.In1968,theyearbeforeaffirmativeactionprogramsbegantogetunderway,9,571whitesand282membersofminoritygroupsenteredU.S.medicalschools.In1976,thefigureswere14,213and1,400respectively.Thus,underaffirmativeaction,thenumberof“whiteplaces”actuallyroseby49percent;whiteaccesstomedicaltrainingwasnotdiminished,butsubstantiallyincreased.Thetrendwasevenmoremarkedinlawschools.In1969,thefirstyearforwhichreliablefiguresareavailable,2,933minority-groupmemberswereenrolled;in1976,thenumberwasupto8,484.Butduringthesameperiod,lawschoolenrollmentforwhitesrosefrom65,453to107,064anincreaseof64percent.Inshort,itisamyththatblacksaremakingprogressatwhiteexpense.

AllanBakkedidnotreallychallengepreferentialtreatmentingeneral,forhemadenochallengetothepreferentialtreatmentaccordedtothechildrenoftherich,thealumniandthefacultyortoathletesortheverytalentedonlytominorities.

1.Theauthorisforaffirmativeaction（）.

2.Itrequires（）toclosethegapsbetweenthewhitesandtheblacksintheU.S.

3.Blacksarenotmakingprogressattheexpenseofwhites,accordingtotheauthor,because（）.

4.WilliamRaspberry,whilecommentingontheBakkecase,suggests（）.

5.WhatAllanBakkechallengedwas（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.becausethereisdiscriminationanddenialofopportunityintheU.S.

B.ifweaimateducationalandeconomicequityandparity

C.becauseitwilltake43yearstoendjobdiscrimination

D.whenthereisnoreasonabletimetableintheU.S.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.oneblackattorneyforever4,000blacks

B.alotmoreblackengineersandchemists

C.educationandeconomicdevelopment

D.creativejusticeandcompassion

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.whatwhitegiveupisonlyunfairadvantage

B.thereare49percentmorewhiteinmedicalschooltodayalready

C.whites,themajorityintheU.S.,willneverdiscriminateagainstthemselves