考研考博-英語-華南師范大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-華南師范大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Itiswellknownlanguagebelongstoeveryone,tothedustman______totheprofessor.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.asmuchas

B.asfaras

C.thesameas

D.aslongas

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)asmuchas“差不多，盡……那樣多”；B選項(xiàng)asfaras“就……而言，至于”；C選項(xiàng)thesameas“與……一樣”；D選項(xiàng)aslongas“只要；和……一樣長”。句意：眾所周知，語言是屬于每個(gè)人的，______清潔工和教授。根據(jù)語境，這里是指語言對(duì)于清潔工和教授一樣，C選項(xiàng)thesameas“與……一樣”符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

MosteconomistsintheUnitedStatesseemcaptivatedbythespellofthefreemarket.Consequently,nothingseemsgoodornormalthatdoesnotaccordwiththerequirementsofthefreemarket.Apricethatisdeterminedbytheselleror,forthatmatter,establishedbyanyoneotherthantheaggregateofconsumersseemspernicious.Accordingly,itrequiresamajoractofwilltothinkofprice-fixing(thedeterminationofpricesbytheseller)asboth“normal”andhavingavaluableeconomicfunction.Infact,price-fixingisnormalinallindustrializedsocietiesbecausetheindustrialsystemitselfprovides,asaneffortlessconsequenceofitsowndevelopment,theprice-fixingthatitrequires.Modernindustrialplanningrequiresandrewardsgreatsize.Hence,acomparativelysmallnumberoflargefirmswillbecompetingforthesamegroupofconsumers.Thateachlargefirmwillactwithconsiderationofitsownneedsandthusavoidsellingitsproductsformorethanitscompetitorschargeiscommonlyrecognizedbyadvocatesoffree--marketeconomictheories.Buteachlargefirmwillalsoactwithfullconsiderationoftheneedsthatithasincommonwiththeotherlargefirmscompetingforthesamecustomers.Eachlargefirmwillthusavoidsignificantpricecutting,becausepricecuttingwouldbeprejudicialtocommoninterestinastabledemandforproducts.Mosteconomistsdonotseeprice-fixingwhenitoccursbecausetheyexpectittobebroughtaboutbyanumberofexplicitagreementsamonglargefirms;itisnot.

Moreoverthoseeconomistswhoarguethatallowingthefreemarkettooperatewithoutinterferenceisthemostefficientmethodofestablishingpriceshavenotconsideredtheeconomiesofnon-socialist-countriesotherthantheUnitedStates.Theseeconomiesemployintentionalpricefixing,usuallyinanovertfashion.Formalprice-fixingbycartelandinformalprice-fixingbyagreementscoveringthemembersofanindustryarecommonplace.Weretheresomethingpeculiarlyefficientaboutthefreemarketandinefficientaboutprice-fixing,thecountriesthathaveavoidedthefirstandusedthesecondwouldhavesuffereddrasticallyintheireconomicdevelopment.Thereisnoindicationthattheyhave.

Socialistindustryalsoworkswithinaframeworkofcontrolledprices.Intheearly1970’stheSovietUnionbegantogivefirmsandindustriessomeoftheflexibilityinadjustingpricesthatamoreinformalevolutionhasaccordedthecapitalistsystem.EconomistsintheUnitedStateshavehailedthechangeasareturntothefreemarket.ButSovietfirmsarenomoresubjecttopricesestablishedbyafreemarketoverwhichtheyexerciselittleinfluencethanarecapitalistfirms;rather,Sovietfirmshavebeengiventhepowertofixprices.

50.Theauthor’sattitudetoward“Mosteconomists”intheUnitedStates(para1)canbestbedescribedas____.

51.Itcanbeinferredfromtheauthor’sargumentthatapricefixedbytheseller“seemspernicious”(para1)because____.

52.Thesuggestioninthetextthatpricefixinginindustrializedsocietiesisnormalarisesfromtheauthor’sstatementthatprice-fixingis____.

53.Accordingtotheauthor,pricefixinginnon-socialistcountriesisoften____.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.spitefulandenvious

B.scornfulanddenunciatory

C.criticalandcondescending

D.ambivalentbutdeferential

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.peopledonothaveconfidenceinlargefirms

B.peopledonotexpectthegovernmenttoregulateprices

C.mosteconomistsbelievethatconsumersasagroupshoulddetermineprices

D.mosteconomistsassociatefixedpriceswithcommunistandsocialisteconomies

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.aprofitableresultofeconomicdevelopment

B.aninevitableresultoftheindustrialsystem

C.theresultofanumberofcarefullyorganizeddecisions

D.aphenomenoncommontoindustrializedandnon-industrializedsocieties

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.accidentalbutproductive

B.illegalbutuseful

C.legalandinnovative

D.intentionalandwidespread

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

【解析】50.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。定位到文章第一段最后一句Mosteconomistsdonotseeprice-fixingwhenitoccursbecausetheyexpectittobebroughtaboutbyanumberofexplicitagreementsamonglargefirms;itisnot（大多數(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家并不知道價(jià)格操縱會(huì)在何時(shí)發(fā)生，因?yàn)樗麄兤谕麅r(jià)格操縱由大公司之間的一系列明確協(xié)議帶來；事實(shí)并非如此）和第二段第一句Moreoverthoseeconomistswhoarguethatallowingthefreemarkettooperatewithoutinterferenceisthemostefficientmethodofestablishingpriceshavenotconsideredtheeconomiesofnon-socialist-countriesotherthantheUnitedStates（此外，那些認(rèn)為允許自由市場(chǎng)不受干擾地運(yùn)行是建立價(jià)格的最有效方法的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家沒有考慮美國以外的非社會(huì)主義國家的經(jīng)濟(jì)），可以看出作者對(duì)大部分經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家的態(tài)度是批判的，所以C項(xiàng)“批判”符合。A項(xiàng)“怨恨和嫉妒”，B項(xiàng)“蔑視和譴責(zé)”和D項(xiàng)“矛盾但恭敬”，均未在文中體現(xiàn)。

51.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干：從作者的論點(diǎn)可以推斷，賣方定價(jià)“似乎有害”，因?yàn)?。定位到文章第一段第二句Apricethatisdeterminedbytheselleror,forthatmatter,establishedbyanyoneotherthantheaggregateofconsumersseemspernicious（就此而言，由賣方?jīng)Q定的價(jià)格，或由消費(fèi)者群體以外的任何人確定的價(jià)格，似乎是有害的），所以C項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家認(rèn)為，消費(fèi)者作為一個(gè)群體應(yīng)該決定價(jià)格”符合這句話所表達(dá)的意思。而A項(xiàng)“人們對(duì)大公司沒有信心”，B項(xiàng)“人們不指望政府調(diào)控物價(jià)”，D項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家把固定價(jià)格與共產(chǎn)主義和社會(huì)主義經(jīng)濟(jì)聯(lián)系起來”均屬于無中生有。

52.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干：本文認(rèn)為，工業(yè)社會(huì)的價(jià)格管制是正常的，這是因?yàn)樽髡哒J(rèn)為價(jià)格管制是……？定位到文章第一段第四句Infact,price-fixingisnormalinallindustrializedsocietiesbecausetheindustrialsystemitselfprovides,asaneffortlessconsequenceofitsowndevelopment,theprice-fixingthatitrequires.（事實(shí)上，在所有工業(yè)化社會(huì)中，定價(jià)都是正常的，因?yàn)楣I(yè)體系本身提供了它所需要的定價(jià)，這是它自身發(fā)展的一個(gè)不費(fèi)吹灰之力的結(jié)果），可知B項(xiàng)“工業(yè)系統(tǒng)的必然結(jié)果”符合文意，當(dāng)選。A項(xiàng)“經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的有益結(jié)果”，C項(xiàng)“一系列精心組織的決定的結(jié)果”，D項(xiàng)“工業(yè)化和非工業(yè)化社會(huì)的共同現(xiàn)象”，均在文中未提及。

53.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。從第二段第二句和第三句Theseeconomiesemployintentionalpricefixing,usuallyinanovertfashion.Formalprice-fixingbycartelandinformalprice-fixingbyagreementscoveringthemembersofanindustryarecommonplace（這些經(jīng)濟(jì)體通常以公開的方式有意操縱價(jià)格。卡特爾的正式定價(jià)和涵蓋行業(yè)成員的協(xié)議的非正式定價(jià)是司空見慣的），特別是里面的關(guān)鍵詞intentional和commonplace，可知D項(xiàng)“有意和普遍的”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“偶然但富有成效”，B項(xiàng)“非法但有用”，C項(xiàng)“合法且創(chuàng)新”，都不符合文意，排除。

3.單選題

Womenhavesignificantadvantagesovermeninspacebecausetheyneedlessfoodandlessoxygenandthey_______radiationbetter.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.standupto

B.standinfor

C.standupfor

D.standinwith

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)standupto“經(jīng)得起；抵抗；勇敢地面對(duì)”；B選項(xiàng)standinfor“代替”；C選項(xiàng)standupfor“擁護(hù)；堅(jiān)持”；D選項(xiàng)standinwith“與……聯(lián)合；同……分擔(dān)”。句意：女性在太空中比男性有顯著優(yōu)勢(shì)，因?yàn)樗齻冃枰俚氖澄锖透俚难鯕?，而且她們更能_______輻射。根據(jù)語境，standupto“經(jīng)得起；抵抗”搭配radiation“輻射”比較合理，意指女性更能承受輻射。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Romanliteratureneverceasedto（）influenceintheMiddleAges,andthisinfluencebecamemuchgreaterinthefourteenthandfifteenthcenturieswhenmoreRomanworksbecameknown.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.exert

B.practice

C.resist

D.stage

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。exert“運(yùn)用，發(fā)揮，施以影響”；practice“練習(xí)”；resist“拒絕”；stage“舉行，上演”。句意：羅馬文學(xué)在中世紀(jì)的影響從未停止，這種影響在14和15世紀(jì)，當(dāng)更多的羅馬作品被了解后，這種影響變得更大。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.單選題

Thepresidentialcandidate（）hispositionbywinningseveralprimaryelections.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.enforced

B.enriched

C.intensified

D.consolidated

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)enforce“實(shí)施，執(zhí)行，強(qiáng)制”，B項(xiàng)enrich“使充實(shí)，使肥沃”，C項(xiàng)intensify“增加，強(qiáng)化”，D項(xiàng)consolidate“鞏固，加強(qiáng)”。根據(jù)后面的hispositionbywinningseveralprimaryelections（通過贏得幾次初選而獲得職位）可知，空格部分表示“鞏固”。句意：這位總統(tǒng)候選人通過贏得幾次初選鞏固了自己的地位。故該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

ParliamentaryleadersfailedtounderstandtheAmericancolonist.TheythoughttheAmericanwouldbuythecheap,legalEastIndiaCompanytearatherthanthemoreexpensivesmuggledteafromHolland.

InSeptember,1773,theEastIndiaCompanyPlannedtoship500,000poundsofteatotheirAmericanagentsinportsalongtheAtlanticcoast.WhenthecolonistslearnedabouttheEastIndiaCompany’splan,localteamerchantsinAmericanportsfromSouthCarolinatoMainetookstepstomeetthisattempttodrivethemoutofbusiness.TheBoltonTeaPartywasthemostviolentofthesesteps.Followingthisactofrebellion,GovernorHutchinsoncalledit“theboldeststrokewhichhadbeenstruckinAmerica.”

Parliamentrespondedtothisactofdefiancein1774bypassingaseriesofactsknownastheCoerciveActs.TheyweredesignedtopunishBostonandtoshowcoloniststhroughoutAmericathatEnglandwouldnottoleratesuchresistancetoitsauthority.

1.Accordingtothepassage,parliamentaryleaders（

）.

2.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat

（

）.

3.WhatwastheCoerciveActs?

4.WhatdidtheAmericansdowhentheEastIndiaCompanyplannedtoshipthousandsofpoundsofteatoAmerica?

5.Theword“smuggled”mostlikelymeans（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.importedteafromSouthCarolina

B.weregreatteadrinkers

C.misjudgedtheAmericancolonist

D.fearedthattheywouldhavetobuycheaptea

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.theAmericanswantedtobuyteafromHolland

B.teainHollandwascheaperthanthatinEngland

C.thecrowdwasgrowingmorepatient

D.theAmericansagreedtotheimpositionofthetax

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.TheyweredesignedtohelppaythecostofprotectingthecoloniesfromtheIndians.

B.TheyweretopermittheEastIndiaCompanytoshipteadirectlytoAmericanports

C.Theywereaseriesofactsknownasthetaxontea

D.TheyweredesignedtoshowAmericansthatEnglandwouldnotbepatientwiththeirresistance

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theytriedtodrivethemoutofbusiness

B.TheymedtowelcometheteamerchantsfromtheEastIndiaCompany

C.Theywaitedforthemeetingtodiscussthetaxontea.

D.Theytriedtoacceptportdutiesonimports.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.togetridof

B.tomakeunabletogetair

C.oortakesth.outofacountrywithoutpaymentoflegalduties

D.tobreakintopiecewithviolenceandnoise

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“ParliamentaryleadersfailedtounderstandtheAmericancolonist.”，可知議會(huì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人未能了解美國殖民者。下文就用具體事例說明，他們誤以為這些北美殖民者們會(huì)購買東印度公司更加便宜的茶葉?？膳袛喑鲎h會(huì)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人錯(cuò)誤地判斷了美國殖民者的意圖和行為。因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第一段第二句，“TheythoughttheAmericanwouldbuythecheap,legalEastIndiaCompanytearatherthanthemoreexpensivesmuggledteafromHolland.”，可知他們認(rèn)為美國人會(huì)買便宜合法的東印度公司的茶葉，而不是購買從荷蘭走私來的更貴的茶葉。可判斷出美國人更愿意從荷蘭購買茶葉。因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“TheyweredesignedtopunishBostonandtoshowcoloniststhroughoutAmericathatEnglandwouldnottoleratesuchresistancetoitsauthority.”，可知他們制定這一系列強(qiáng)制性法案的目的是懲罰波士頓，并向美洲各地的殖民者表明，英國不會(huì)容忍這種對(duì)其權(quán)威的反抗。可判斷出制定此法案的目的實(shí)際上是向美國人表明，英國不會(huì)容忍他們的反抗。因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“WhenthecolonistslearnedabouttheEastIndiaCompany’splan,localteamerchantsinAmericanportsfromSouthCarolinatoMainetookstepstomeetthisattempttodrivethemoutofbusiness.”，可知當(dāng)殖民者得知東印度公司的計(jì)劃時(shí)，從南卡羅來納到緬因州的美國港口的當(dāng)?shù)夭枞~商人采取一系列措施使他們破產(chǎn)。可判斷出當(dāng)東印度公司計(jì)劃向美國運(yùn)送數(shù)千磅茶葉時(shí)，美國人企圖采取措施讓他們破產(chǎn)。因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.詞義理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段第二句，“…legalEastIndiaCompanytearatherthanthemoreexpensivesmuggledteafromHolland.”，可知美國人購買從荷蘭走私的更貴的茶葉，而不是合法的東印度公司的茶葉，句子中l(wèi)egal和smuggled形成對(duì)比，可知smuggled的意思為“走私的”，可將smuggle解釋為將某物輸入或輸出一個(gè)國家而不需要支付合法稅款。因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

7.單選題

Ourcountryhasgrownrichbecauseofits（

）withothernations.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.intercourse

B.business

C.commerce

D.interaction

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。intercourse意為“交流，交往”；business意為“商業(yè)，交易”；commerce意為“(尤指國際間的)貿(mào)易，商業(yè)”；interaction意為“相互影響，交互作用”。

句意：我國通過與其他國家的貿(mào)易往來富起來了。

8.單選題

Youprobablyknowthatit'sbetterforbothyouandtheenvironmentifyoubuyanorganictomatoinsteadofonethat7sbeendousedinpesticides,buttherearelotsofotherthingstoconsiderbeforeventuringdowntheaisleofyourlocalsupermarket(orfarmer'smarket).

Theexplosionin（1）produceandotherfoodsduringthelastfewyearshasbeenanextremely（2）developmentinthefoodindustry.However,（3）stillexistsaboutexactlywhattheorganic（4）means.

Doyouknowthedifferencebetweenacerealthat's“organic,100%organic”,and“madewithorganic（5）?TheUSDAhasclearlydefinedstandardsthat（6）whichofthoselabelscanlegallygoonyourraisinbran.Youcanlearnmoreaboutthem.

Organicfoodsaregreat,butthejuryisstillverymuchout（7）anothernewdevelopmentinthefoodworld:genetically（8）organisms(GMOs).Nooneknowsforcertaintheshortand（9）effectsoftheseproductsofgeneengineering,（10）there'sachancetheycouldleadtothe（11）creationof“superweeds”or（12）withnaturalplantstocks,formoreinformationonGMOs,werecommendvisiting.

（13）you’reshopping,don’tforgettoconsiderthecompaniesbehindthe（14）names.Onecerealcompanymightbeanenvironmentalchampion,（15）theothermanufacturesitscornflakesvia（16）environmentalpractices.Aneasywaytocomparetwocompaniesistouse（17）suchas.Theypresentboththegoodandbadsidesofeverycompanythey（18）,andtheygradehundredsofcompaniesonsocial,ethicalandenvironmentalissues.

Remember:（19）consciousshoppingisapowerfultoolforeffectingchange.Youcanmakeadifferenceeverytimeyoufillyour（20）cart.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.green

B.organic

C.healthy

D.optional

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.positive

B.negative

C.active

D.passive

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.controversy

B.contribution

C.conversion

D.confusion

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.label

B.mark

C.word

D.food

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.components

B.genes

C.ingredients

D.compositions

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.determine

B.illustrate

C.recommend

D.demonstrate

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.in

B.to

C.for

D.on

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.moved

B.modified

C.modeled

D.motivated

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.long-run

B.long-term

C.long-day

D.long-distance

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.while

B.and

C.but

D.or

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.unconditional

B.unexceptional

C.unintentional

D.uncontroversial

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.interfere

B.intervene

C.interact

D.intrude

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.Anytime

B.Anytime

C.Sometime

D.Sometime

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.brand

B.code

C.product

D.family

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.when

B.while

C.as

D.because

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.constructive

B.destructive

C.instructive

D.obstructive

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.sights

B.addresses

C.sites

D.webs

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.profit

B.profile

C.propose

D.protect

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.socially

B.conditionally

C.morally

D.environmentally

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.nursery

B.grocery

C.bakery

D.stationery

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:C

第6題:A

第7題:D

第8題:B

第9題:B

第10題:C

第11題:D

第12題:A

第13題:A

第14題:A

第15題:B

第16題:B

第17題:C

第18題:B

第19題:D

第20題:B

【解析】（1）句意：在過去的幾年里，產(chǎn)品和其他食品急劇增長。根據(jù)下文多次organic可知選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

（2）根據(jù)原文可知，有機(jī)物產(chǎn)品和其他食品上的急劇增長對(duì)食品業(yè)的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生的是積極的影響。選項(xiàng)A正確。

（3）controversy論爭(zhēng)，論戰(zhàn)，辯論；contribution貢獻(xiàn)；conversion對(duì)話；confusion混淆。上一句提到積極影響，立馬轉(zhuǎn)折，說明這里指存在著爭(zhēng)議。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

（4）label標(biāo)簽；mark標(biāo)志。將organic描述為標(biāo)簽更恰當(dāng)，指對(duì)這一類產(chǎn)品的分類。

（5）components零件，構(gòu)成要素；genes基因；ingredients成分，因素；compositions寫作，作曲。根據(jù)原文可知，這里指有機(jī)產(chǎn)品的成分。

（6）determine確定，決定；illustrate舉例說明，闡明；recommend推薦，勸告；demonstrate證實(shí)，證明。句意：美國農(nóng)業(yè)部已經(jīng)制定了明確的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，確定哪些標(biāo)簽可以合法地貼在葡萄和麥片上。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

（7）句意：有機(jī)食品是很不錯(cuò)，但是評(píng)審委員對(duì)食品行業(yè)的另外一種創(chuàng)新產(chǎn)品依舊知之甚少。這里的on指對(duì)于，關(guān)于。選項(xiàng)D正確。

（8）geneticallymodifiedorganisms(GMOs)是固定搭配，意為轉(zhuǎn)基因生物。

（9）long-run長遠(yuǎn)的；long-term長期的；long-day搭配錯(cuò)誤；long-distance長距離的。句意：沒有人確切知道這些基因工程產(chǎn)品的短期和長期的影響。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

（10）根據(jù)上下文句意可知這里表示轉(zhuǎn)折，所以用but。

（11）unconditional無條件的，絕對(duì)的，無限制的；unexceptional非例外的，普通的；unintentional無心的，無意識(shí)的；uncontroversial不會(huì)引起爭(zhēng)議的。句意：也有可能生成一種的創(chuàng)新產(chǎn)品“超級(jí)種子”。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

（12）interfere妨礙，抵觸，沖突，介入；intervene干涉，調(diào)停；internet互相作用，互相影響；intrude強(qiáng)擠入，闖入，侵入。句意：或者會(huì)農(nóng)作物的自然生長。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

（13）Anytime任何時(shí)候，無論何時(shí)；Anytime在任何時(shí)候；Sometime在某一時(shí)候，有時(shí)；Sometime一段時(shí)間。句意：當(dāng)你購物的時(shí)候，請(qǐng)不要忘了考慮商標(biāo)背后的生產(chǎn)商。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

（14）brandname為固定搭配，指商標(biāo)。

（15）前后兩個(gè)句子形成對(duì)比，所以用while更恰當(dāng)。

（16）constructive建設(shè)性的，有益的；destructive破壞的，消極的，毀滅性的；instructive有益的，教育性的；obstructive阻礙的，妨礙的。兩個(gè)句子形成對(duì)比，上句是環(huán)保，下句當(dāng)然是破壞環(huán)境，所以選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

（17）suchas后面的內(nèi)容是一串網(wǎng)址，所以本題選C。sights見解，看法；addresses地址；sites網(wǎng)址，站點(diǎn)；webs網(wǎng)絡(luò)。

（18）句意：這些網(wǎng)址展示了它們所描述的每家公司的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。profit獲利，有益于；profile扼要描述，描出……的輪廓；propose計(jì)劃，建議；protect保護(hù)。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

（19）socially在社交方面，在社會(huì)地位上；conditionally附有條件地；morally正常地；environmentally有關(guān)環(huán)境方面。句意：具有意識(shí)的消費(fèi)是實(shí)現(xiàn)改變的強(qiáng)大工具。根據(jù)上文可知選項(xiàng)D正確。

（20）nursery護(hù)士；grocery雜貨；bakery面包店；stationery文具。句意：你可以在每次裝滿購物車的時(shí)候都有所作為。grocerycart為常用搭配，指購物車。選項(xiàng)B正確。

9.單選題

DespiteDenmark’smanifestvirtues,DanesnevertalkabouthowproudtheyaretobeDanes.ThiswouldsoundweirdinDanish.WhenDanestalktoforeignersaboutDenmark,theyalwaysbeginbycommentingonitstininess,itsunimportance,thedifficultyofitslanguage,thegeneralsmall-mindednessandself-indulgenceoftheircountrymenandthehightaxes.NoDanewouldlookyouintheeyeandsay“Denmarkisagreatcountry.”You’resupposedtofigurethisoutforyourself.

Itisthelandofthesilksafetynet,wherealmosthalfthenationalbudgetgoestowardsmoothingoutlife’sinequalities,andthereisplentyofmoneyforschools,daycare,retrainingprograms,jobseminars—Danesloveseminars:threedaysatastudycenterhearingaboutwastemanagementisalmostasgoodasaskitrip.ItisaculturebombardedbyEnglish,inadvertising,popmusic,theInternet,anddespitealltheEnglishthatDanishabsorbs―thereisnoDanishAcademytodefendagainstit—olddialectspersistinJutlandthatcanbarelybeunderstoodbyCopenhageners.Itisthelandwhere,asthesayinggoes,“fewhavetoomuchandfewerhavetoolittle,”andaforeignerisstruckbythesweetegalitarianismthatprevails,wherethelowliestclerkgivesyoualevelgaze,whereSirandMadamehavedisappearedfromcommonusage,evenMr.andMrs..It’sanationofrecyclers—about55%ofDanishgarbagegetsmadeintosomethingnew―andnonuclearpowerplants.It’sanationoftirelessplanners.Trainsrunontime.Thingsoperatewellingeneral.

Suchanationofoverachievers—abrochurefromtheMinistryofBusinessandIndustrysays,“Denmarkisoneoftheworld’scleanestandmostorganizedcountries,withvirtuallynopollution,crime,orpoverty.Denmarkisthemostcorruption-freesocietyintheNorthernHemisphere.”So,ofcourse,one’sheartliftsatanysightingofDanishsleaze:skinheadgraffitionbuildings(“ForeignersOutofDenmark!”),brokenbeerbottlesinthegutters,drunkenteenagersslumpedinthepark.

Nonetheless,itisanorderlyland.YoudrivethroughaDanishtown,itcomestoanendatastonewall,andontheothersideisafieldofbarley,anicecleanline:townhere,countrythere.Itisnotanationofjaywalkers.Peoplestandonthecurbandwaitfortheredlighttochange,evenifit’s2a.m.andthere’snotacarinsight.However,Danesdon’tthinkofthemselvesasawaiting-at-2-a.m.-for-the-green-lightpeople―that’showtheyseeSwedesandGermans.Danesseethemselvesasjazzypeople,improvisers,morefreespiritedthanSwedes,butthetruthis(thoughoneshouldnotsayit)thatDanesareverymuchlikeGermansandSwedes.Orderlinessisamainsellingpoint.Denmarkhasfewnaturalresources,limitedmanufacturingcapability;itsfutureinEuropewillbeasabroker,banker,anddistributorofgoods.YousendyourgoodsbycontainershiptoCopenhagen,andthesebright,young,English-speaking,utterlyhonest,highlydisciplinedpeoplewillgetyourgoodsaroundtoScandinavia,theBalticStates,andRussia.Airports,seaports,highways,andraillinesareultramodernandwell-maintained.

Theorderlinessofthesocietydoesn’tmeanthatDanishlivesarelessmessyorlonelythanyoursormine,andnoDanewouldtellyouso.Youcanhearplentyaboutbitterfamilyfeudsandthesorrowsofalcoholismandaboutperfectlysensiblepeoplewhowentoffonedayandkilledthemselves.Anorderlysocietycannotexemptitsmembersfromthehazardsoflife.

ButthereisasenseofentitlementandsecuritythatDanesgrowupwith.Certainthingsareyoursbyvirtueofcitizenship,andyoushouldn’tfeelbadfortakingwhatyou’reentitledto,you’reasgoodasanyoneelse.Therulesofthewelfaresystemarecleartoeveryone,thebenefitsyougetifyouloseyourjob,thestepsyoutaketogetanewone;andtheorderlinessofthesystemmakesitpossibleforthecountrytoweatherhighunemploymentandsocialunrestwithoutasenseofcrisis.

1.TheauthorthinksthatDanesadopta（）attitudetowardstheircountry.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTaDanishcharacteristiccitedinthepassage?

3.Theauthor’sreactiontothestatementbytheMinistryofBusinessandIndustryis（）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,Danishorderliness（）.

5.AttheendofthepassagetheauthorstatesallthefollowingEXCEPTthat（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.boastful

B.modest

C.deprecating

D.mysterious

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Fondnessofforeignculture.

B.Equalityinsociety.

C.Linguistictolerance.

D.Persistentplanning.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.disapproving

B.approving

C.noncommittal

D.doubtful

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.setsthepeopleapartfromGermansandSwedes

B.sparesDanessocialtroublesbesettingotherpeoples

C.isconsideredeconomicallyessentialtothecountry

D.preventsDanesfromacknowledgingexistingtroubles

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Danesareclearlyinformedoftheirsocialbenefits

B.Danestakeforgrantedwhatisgiventothem

C.theopensystemhelpstotidethecountryover

D.orderlinesshasalleviatedunemployment

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到原文首段“DespiteDenmark’smanifestvirtues,DanesnevertalkabouthowproudtheyaretobeDanes.”，中文翻譯為：盡管丹麥有著明顯的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，但是丹麥人卻從不談及自己身為丹麥人有多么自豪。因此B選項(xiàng)“謙虛的”符合題意。

2.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Danishcharacteristic可定位到文章第二段Itisthelandwhere,asthesayinggoes,“fewhavetoomuchandfewerhavetoolittle,”，中文翻譯為：正如俗語所說，它（即丹麥）是一個(gè)‘很少人擁有太多且更少的人擁有太少’的國土，對(duì)應(yīng)B選項(xiàng)“社會(huì)平等”。第二段中“thereisnoDanishAcademytodefendagainstit”，中文翻譯為：沒有一個(gè)丹麥的學(xué)院去反對(duì)它（英語），對(duì)應(yīng)C選項(xiàng)“語言的容忍”。以及第二段“It’sanationoftirelessplanners.”中文翻譯為：它是一個(gè)有著不知疲倦的規(guī)劃者的國家。對(duì)應(yīng)D選項(xiàng)“持續(xù)的規(guī)劃”。因此A項(xiàng)符合題意。

3.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可以定位到文章第三段“...brokenbeerbottlesinthegutters,drunkenteenagersslumpedinthepark…”，中文翻譯為：水溝中打碎的啤酒瓶，倒在公園里的喝醉的青少年。可知答案為D項(xiàng)“懷疑的”。

4.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Danishorderliness可以定位到文章第四段“Orderlinessisamainsellingpoint.”，中文翻譯為：有序是一個(gè)主要的賣點(diǎn)。因此C項(xiàng)“在經(jīng)濟(jì)上對(duì)這個(gè)國家被認(rèn)為是至關(guān)重要的”正確。

5.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。A項(xiàng)“丹麥人清楚地被告知自己的社會(huì)福利”可定位到文章倒數(shù)第一段“Therulesofthewelfaresystemarecleartoeveryone.”，中文翻譯為：福利系統(tǒng)的制度對(duì)每個(gè)人都是顯然的。B選項(xiàng)“丹麥人將被給予自己的東西當(dāng)成理所當(dāng)然”對(duì)應(yīng)文章最后一段中“Certainthingsareyoursbyvirtueofcitizenship.”，中文翻譯為：某些東西由于你是公民而是你的。C選項(xiàng)“公開的系統(tǒng)有助于這個(gè)國家度過困難時(shí)期”對(duì)應(yīng)最后一段“…toweatherhighunemploymentandsocialunrestwithoutasenseofcrisis.”，中文翻譯為：在沒有危機(jī)感的情況下去經(jīng)受住失業(yè)和社會(huì)動(dòng)蕩。因此可知答案為D“有序緩解了失業(yè)”。

10.單選題

Itisestimatedthatascientificprinciplehasalifeexpectancyofapproximatelyadecadebeforeitdrasticallyrevisedorreplacedbynewerinformation.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.estimated

B.alifeexpectancy

C.decade

D.itdrastically

【答案】D

【解析】根據(jù)題中itisestimated可知，D項(xiàng)應(yīng)該也為被動(dòng)語態(tài)itisdrasticallyrevised，構(gòu)成并列結(jié)構(gòu)，句意：據(jù)估計(jì)，在一項(xiàng)科學(xué)原則被新的信息徹底地修改和更新之前，預(yù)期的壽命大概是十年。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

11.單選題

Mr.Brown'sconditionlooksveryseriousanditisdoubtfulifhewill（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.pullback

B.pullup

C.pullthrough

D.pullout

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。pullback“拉回，撤回。拉為平手”；pullup“拔起，停下來”；pullthrough“渡過難關(guān)，恢復(fù)健康”；pullout“離開，撤離”。句意：布郎先生的情況看起來不太好，他是否能渡過難關(guān)還不得而知