考研考博-英語-三江學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-三江學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Theevilmannerswouldbeeradicatedroot-and-branchduetotheforcefulactiontakenbythelocalgovernment.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.exterminated

B.exemplified

C.rendered

D.harbored

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.exterminated滅絕；根除B.exemplified舉例說明；例證

C.rendered使成為；使變得D.harbored窩藏，庇護(hù)（罪犯等）

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息duetotheforcefulactiontakenbythelocalgovernment（由于當(dāng)?shù)卣挠辛Υ胧┖完P(guān)鍵詞evilmanners（不良行為）可知，該句是表示不良行為被有力措施根治，eradicated在這里表示“消除”的意思，故該題選擇A項(xiàng)詞義恰當(dāng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D項(xiàng)詞義不符合句中所選詞匯。

【句意】由于當(dāng)?shù)卣挠辛Υ胧?，這種不良行為將被根治。

2.單選題

TheBritishpeoplearenotsofamiliarwithdifferentculturesandotherwaysofdoingthings,（）isoftenthecaseinothercountries.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.as

B.what

C.so

D.that

【答案】A

【解析】考查非限制性定語從句。非限制性定語從句在句中主要起補(bǔ)充說明作用，與主句之間往往由逗號(hào)隔開，獨(dú)立存在，確實(shí)也不會(huì)影響整個(gè)句子的意思。非限定定語從句一般由連接詞which和as引導(dǎo)。在本句中，空格處填入的關(guān)系代詞，既可以代替前面的一句話，又要在從句中做主語，符合這一用法的只有as。句意：英國人對于不同的文化和做事情的方式不是很熟悉，在其他國家，這是常有的事。故本題的正確答案是A選項(xiàng)。

3.問答題

ThereasonwhyJamesBondmoviesare(A)sopopularis(B)because(C)theycombinetheappealoftraditionalspy(D)storieswiththeappealoftechnologicaldevices.

【答案】試題答案：C；that

【解析】考查名詞性從句。Thereasonwhy...isthat表語從句（……的原因是……）是固定句型，is后面用that，不能用because。

4.單選題

Themethodsthroughwhichtheybuiltupandmaintainedpersonalfollowingsandtheoutlookswhichaccompaniedsuchactivitylikewisebecameimportant（）formodernChinesepoliticalbehavior.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.precedents

B.pioneer

C.source

D.resource

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)precedents“引用單元”；B選項(xiàng)pioneer“先鋒”；C選項(xiàng)source“來源”；D選項(xiàng)resource“資源”。分析題干可知，空白處應(yīng)填入一個(gè)名詞，根據(jù)題干內(nèi)容，活動(dòng)會(huì)成為中國政治行為的……，可推測答案選項(xiàng)為C。句意：他們用來建立維護(hù)追隨者的方法與完成這樣的活動(dòng)的展望也成為了現(xiàn)今中國政治行為的重要……。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Hewas______aboutthespringoutingbutbecamebackquitedepressedandsaidheshouldn’thavejoinedinit.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.courageous

B.discouraged

C.enthusiastic

D.fantastic

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)courageous“勇敢的”；B選項(xiàng)discouraged“灰心的”；C選項(xiàng)enthusiastic“熱衷的；熱烈的”；D選項(xiàng)fantastic“極好的；富于想象的”。句意：他本來______于春游，但回來時(shí)卻很沮喪，說他不應(yīng)該參加春游。根據(jù)語境，這里指在春游之前他對此非常激動(dòng)和期待，C選項(xiàng)enthusiastic“熱衷的”符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Wecannotgocampingwhiletheweatherisso____.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.scorching

B.freezing

C.threatening

D.capricious

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.scorching酷熱的B.scorching冰冷的

C.threatening陰沉沉的D.capricious變化無常的

【考查點(diǎn)】語義銜接

【解題思路】該句主句部分說到“我們不能去野營”，從句部分說的是“當(dāng)天氣如此____”，空格處所填詞是形容天氣的，并且在這種天氣情況下，不能野營，根據(jù)常理推斷，這四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中最不適合野營的是D選項(xiàng)capricious“變化無常的”，其他幾種情況做好相應(yīng)的準(zhǔn)備還是可以野營的，但是如果天氣變化無常的話，連做準(zhǔn)備都不方便，最好不要野營。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A選項(xiàng)scorching“酷熱的”、B選項(xiàng)scorching“冰冷的”、C選項(xiàng)threatening“陰沉沉的”，這三種情況下，帶好必備物品還是可以野營的，比“變化無常的”天氣要好。

【句意】天氣變化無常的時(shí)候，我們不能野營。

7.翻譯題

Industrialengineeringinvolvestheapplicationofengineeringprinciplesandtechniquesofscientificmanagementtothemaintenanceofahighlevelofproductivityatoptimumcostinindustrialenterprises,Inthe1880sF.W.Taylorconsideredthefatherofmodernindustrialengineering,pioneeredinthescientificmeasurementofwork.Afternumerousworkstudieshepresentedhiscompanywithaformulaforobtainingmaximumproduction,whichwaslaterappliedtomanymanufacturingconcerns,Theindustrialormanagement,engineerdrawsuponthefieldsofsystemsengineeringandmanagementscience.Amonghisresponsibilitiesaretheselectionoftoolsandmaterialsforproductionthataremostefficientandleastcostlytothecompany.Theindustrialengineermayalsodeterminethesequenceofproductionandthedesignoffacilitiesorfactories.

【答案】工業(yè)工程學(xué)既涉及工程原則的使用，也涉及將科學(xué)管理知識(shí)以合理成本，運(yùn)用于工業(yè)企業(yè)維持高水平的勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率。19世紀(jì)80年代F.W.Taylor被視為現(xiàn)代工業(yè)工程之父，開創(chuàng)了科學(xué)生產(chǎn)管理的先河。經(jīng)過大量的工作研究，他向他的公司提出了一個(gè)獲得最大產(chǎn)量的公式，該公式后來被應(yīng)用于許多制造企業(yè)，工業(yè)或管理，工程師借鑒了系統(tǒng)工程和管理科學(xué)領(lǐng)域。他的職責(zé)之一是選擇對公司最有效、成本最低的生產(chǎn)工具和材料。工業(yè)工程師也可以決定生產(chǎn)順序和設(shè)施或工廠的設(shè)計(jì)。

8.單選題

Theinternationalsituationhasbeengrowing（

）difficultforthelastfewyears.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.invariably

B.presumably

C.increasingly

D.dominantly

【答案】C

【解析】考查副詞辨析。invariable不變地，始終如一地；presumably大約，大概；increasingly越來越……地；dominantly占優(yōu)勢地，支配地。句意：在過去的幾年里，國際局勢變得越來越艱難。C項(xiàng)符合句意，答案C

9.單選題

Difficultasitis,Englishstudyisinthelongrun（）toalearnerinhisorhercareerdevelopment.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.rewarding

B.advantageous

C.profitable

D.earning

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。rewarding“有益的,值得的,有報(bào)酬的”;advantageous“有利的,有益的”;profitable“有利可圖的,賺錢的”;earning“收入,所賺的錢”。盡管英語學(xué)習(xí)很困難,但從長遠(yuǎn)來看,它對于學(xué)習(xí)者的職業(yè)發(fā)展來說是值得的。選項(xiàng)A符合語境。

10.單選題

Intoday’scompetitivejobmarket,people,especiallyyoungmenarerequiredtobeaggressiveandindustrious.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.invasive

B.belligerent

C.progressive

D.enterprising

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)invasive“侵入的”；B選項(xiàng)belligerent“好戰(zhàn)的”；C選項(xiàng)progressive“進(jìn)步的”；D選項(xiàng)enterprising“有進(jìn)取心的”。句意：在當(dāng)今競爭激烈的就業(yè)市場上，人們，尤其是年輕人需要有進(jìn)取心和勤奮。劃線部分aggressive是有進(jìn)取心的意思。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Homeschoolingappearstobeagreatsuccessformiddle-classandwealthyfamilieswhenoneparentishomemostofthetime.However，homeschoolingdoesnotworkininner-cityneighborhoodsbecauseparentseitherworkduringthedayoractivelylookforwork.Numerousestimatesbetween1and2millionhavebeenmaderegardingthenumberofhome-schooledchildreninthiscountry.Homeschoolingwillgrowinthefutureascoursematerialsandtutoringsystemsvastlyimprove.

Nottoomanyyearsago，learningathomemeantreadingabookanddoinghomeworkwithtutoringfromaparentoroldersibling.Today,homeshaveanoutstandingtutoravailable24hoursaday,sevendaysaweek.Thistutorneverlosesitspatience，becomesupset,turnscritical,orscoldsachildforpoorperformance.Infact,thenewtutoringsystemconstantlyrecognizesgoodperformanceandprovidespraiseforprogressinlearning.Thistutoristhemultimediapersonalcomputer.Fordecades，studentshavebeenlearningviatelevisionprograms.Inrecentyears，studentshavelearnedhowtouseapersonalcomputer.NowtechnologyisbringingtogethertheInternet,video,slides，CD-ROM,andtheinteractivityofacomputertocreatemultimediapresentationsthatstudentsenjoy.

Thecostofthistutoringsystemisabout$1,200.Itcanbeusedforatleastsixyears,sotheannualcostis$200.Iftherearetwostudentsinthefamily,theannualcostdropsto$100perstudent.Inmanyhouseholds,theparentsalsousethecomputer,whichreducestheannualcostevenfurther.

Thetutoringsystemallowshomeschoolerstoexploresubjectswithoutaparentorteachertellingthemwhattodonext.Thecomputeralsoprovidesasafeenvironmentforstudentstotakerisks.Theyseeandhearimmediate,positivereinforcementeverytimetheylearnsomething.Immediate,positiveremediationalsoisavailablewhenthestudentdoesn’tfullyunderstandthelesson.Thecomputeristrulyabreakthroughinstudentlearningandinbuildingself-esteem.

Atfirst,coursewaredevelopersthoughttheyhadtoselltheirproductstocurriculumdirectors,teachercommittees,andschoolboards.Now,thesecompaniessellcoursewaredirectlytoparents.Forexample,insteadofbuyingaleather-boundeditionoftheEncyclopediaBritannica,workingparentscanpurchaseacomputerizedencyclopediafor$35orless.

Coursewarequalityandcoursematerialsimproveannuallybecauseparentsandstudentsbuyonlyhigh-qualityandmotivationalcourses.Withmillionsofhomeschoolersandotherchildrenusingthesematerials,thepricepersubjectnowvariesfrom$20to$40.Intheearlyschoolyears,oneortwocoursewaresystemsaresufficientfortheentireschoolyear.Thecoursewaremarkethasbecomeamulti-million-dollarindustryinwhichqualityincreasesandcostsdecreaseconstantly.

Studieshaveshownthatinteractivecoursewarespeedslearningby30to50percentoverconventionalteachingmethods.Lessonretentionalsoimproves.Manyhomeschoolersneedtostudyonlythreeorfourhours,leavingthemmorethanenoughtimeforextracurricularactivities.

Howwillcoursewareimpactthepublicschools?Itcaneitherbeviewedasasideshowthathasnoplaceinaschoolsystem,whichwouldbeamistake,orpublicschoolscanstudywhycoursewareandhomeschoolinghavesucceeded.Investinginoutstandingcoursematerials,learningsystems,andtutoringsystemshavebeenhomeschooling’skeystosuccess.Thisisexactlywhatmostpublicschoolsdonotdo，eventhoughtheyspendmorethan$300billionintaxpayers’money.Instead,theyclaimtheyhavenomoneyforoutstandingcoursematerials,learningsystems,andtutoringsystems.

Itshouldalsobenotedthatmosthome-schoolingparentsarenotformerteachers.Manyofthemjusthavehighschooldiplomasorhavestudiedayearortwoincommunitycolleges.Thisinformationindicatesthatcertifiedteacherswithininner-cityschoolscouldbemoresuccessfuliftheirclassroomshadoutstandingcoursematerials,learningsystems，andtutoringsystems.

Homeschoolingwillgrowinresponsetotheviolenceinschoolsandtotheconstantdroneofmessagesaboutpoorstudentperformance，butitcannotreplaceourpublicschoolssystemsbecausemostparentsaresimplynotavailabletoprovidehomeschooling.Itishoped,however,thatpublicschoolswillbegintoadoptthesuccessfulaspectsofhomeschooling.Insomecommunities,schooldistrictsareworkingwithhome-schoolingfamiliesonspecialclassesandextracurricularactivities.Thispartnershiphelpssolvetheproblemofovercrowdedschoolsandhelpsreducethemassivebuildingcostsassociatedwithnewschoolbuildings.

1.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

2.ThegrowthofhomeschoolingisduetoseveralfactorsEXCEPT（）.

3.Homeschoolingwillnotreplacepublicschoolsystemsbecause（）.

4.Accordingtotheauthor，publicschoolsareexpectedto（）.

5.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardspublicschools?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Moderntutorsaremorepatientthanthoseinthepast.

B.Studentsarepraisedwhenevertheylearnnewthings.

C.Coursewarequalityimproveswiththehelpofparents.

D.Tutoringsystemscanhelpstudentsbuildself-esteem.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.tutors

B.parents

C.coursematerials

D.tutoringsystems

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.mostfamiliescannotaffordthecoursematerials

B.mostparentscannotstayathomeduringtheday

C.teachersofpublicschoolsaremorequalifiedthanparents

D.publicschoolswillalsoinvestinoutstandingcoursematerials

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.studywhyhomeschoolinghassucceeded

B.workwithhomeschoolingfamilies

C.investinoutstandingcoursematerials

D.adoptsuccessfulaspectsofhomeschooling

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Optimistic.

B.Pessimistic.

C.Critical.

D.Indifferent.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句，“Thecomputeristrulyabreakthroughinstudentlearningandinbuildingself-esteem.”，可知通過電腦在輔助教學(xué)系統(tǒng)上學(xué)習(xí)，對學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)和建立自尊確實(shí)是一個(gè)突破。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句，“Homeschoolingwillgrowinthefutureascoursematerialsandtutoringsystemsvastlyimprove.”，可知教材及教學(xué)系統(tǒng)是影響家庭教育的因素，排除C和D選項(xiàng)。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Today,homeshaveanoutstandingtutoravailable24hoursaday,sevendaysaweek.Thistutorneverlosesitspatience…”，可知這種教學(xué)系統(tǒng)24小時(shí)在線，不會(huì)失去耐心，也是影響家庭教育增長的一個(gè)因素，排除選項(xiàng)A。父母和家庭教育的增長聯(lián)系并不大，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句，“However，homeschoolingdoesnotworkininner-cityneighborhoodsbecauseparentseitherworkduringthedayoractivelylookforwork.”，在中心城區(qū)，家庭教育并不成功，因?yàn)楦改敢窗滋旃ぷ?，要么積極地尋找工作。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“Itishoped,however,thatpublicschoolswillbegintoadoptthesuccessfulaspectsofhomeschooling.”，可以期望公立學(xué)校開始采納家庭教育成功的方面。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

5.主旨題。根據(jù)全文，作者首先提到課程資料和教學(xué)系統(tǒng)等方面的發(fā)展使家庭教育呈現(xiàn)不斷增長的趨勢，隨后通過學(xué)習(xí)速度、時(shí)間及出色的課程等各方面將家庭教育和傳統(tǒng)公立學(xué)校進(jìn)行了對比，家庭教育都是存在優(yōu)勢的。最后作者希望公立學(xué)校能采納家庭教育成功的方面，做一些改進(jìn)?？赏茢喑觯髡邔W(xué)校是存在批判的態(tài)度的。學(xué)校C符合題意。

12.單選題

Theloveofpoetrywas____inhimbyherreaching.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.banished

B.kindled

C.hardened

D.smashed

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.banished放逐；驅(qū)除B.kindled激起（興趣、情感等）

C.hardened硬化；更嚴(yán)厲D.smashed打碎；猛烈碰撞

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】語義銜接

【解題思路】前文內(nèi)容為“對詩歌的熱愛”，后文內(nèi)容為“她的到達(dá)”，空格處所填動(dòng)詞搭配的內(nèi)容為“對詩歌的熱愛”，B選項(xiàng)kindled“激起（興趣、情感等）”與原句語義銜接最恰當(dāng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D選項(xiàng)不符合原句語義銜接。

【句意】她的到達(dá)激起了他對詩歌的熱愛。

13.單選題

Thewoodsatthisseasonare（

）withdelicatescents.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.fragrant

B.small

C.barren

D.bright

【答案】A

【解析】句意：這個(gè)季節(jié)的樹林散發(fā)著清香。fragrant芳香的，選項(xiàng)A符合語境。

14.翻譯題

TheopeningofDisneylandwillbringmanyassociatedinvestmentopportunities.Atleastfoureconomicsectorswillbenefitdirectly.First,propertymarkets.HousingandcommercialrealestatepricesaroundtheDisneylandareaarealreadyrising.Second,thetourismsector.Aftertheopening,analystsexpect3to5millionmoretouristswillvisitShanghaieveryyear,bringmorebusinesstohotels,travelagenciesandretails.Third,brandmarketingwillgiveaboosttotoymanufactures,publishersandthegamingindustry.Fourth,constructioncompaniesandmaterialsupplierswillenjoyahugeincrease,comparabletothe2010ShanghaiworldExpo.Disneyland’sfirstphaseofconstructionisexpectedtocost24billionyuan.

【答案】迪士尼在上海開園會(huì)帶來許多相關(guān)的投資機(jī)會(huì)。至少有四個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域?qū)⒅苯邮芤妗Ｊ紫仁欠康禺a(chǎn)市場。迪士尼樂園周圍的地產(chǎn)商業(yè)價(jià)格已經(jīng)上漲。其次是旅游業(yè)。開園后，分析師預(yù)測每年有300萬到500萬甚至更多的游客將訪問上海，這給酒店、旅行社和零售商帶來更多的生意。再次，品牌營銷將促進(jìn)玩具制造業(yè)、出版業(yè)和游戲行業(yè)的發(fā)展。不僅如此，施工企業(yè)和材料供應(yīng)商的業(yè)務(wù)量將大幅度增長，堪比2010年上海世博會(huì)。迪士尼樂園的第一期工程預(yù)計(jì)將耗資240億人民幣。

15.單選題

Stressisastateofimbalancebetweendemandsmadeonusfromoutsidesourcesandourcapabilitiestomeetthosedemands.Often,itprecedesandoccursconcurrentlywithconflict.Stress,asyouhaveseen,canbroughtonbyphysicalevents,otherpeople’sbehavior,socialsituations,ourownbehavior,feelings,thoughts,oranythingthatresultsinheightenedbodilyawareness.Inmanycases,whenyouexperiencepain,anger,fear,ordepression,theseemotionsarearesponsetoastressfulsituationlikeconflict.

Sometimes,inhighlystressfulconflictsituations,wemustcopewiththestressbeforewecopewiththeconflict.Relievingsomeoftheintensityoftheimmediateemotionalresponsewillallowustobecomemorelogicalandtolerantinresolvingtheconflict.

Peopleresponddifferentlytoconflictjustastheyresponsedifferentlytostress.Somepeoplehandlebothbetterthanothersdo.Individualdifferencesarenotasimportantaslearninghowtomanagethestresswefeel.Thegoalinstressmanagementisself-control,particularlyinthefaceofstressfulevents.

Controllingphysicalsymptomsofstressrequiresrelaxation.Sitinacomfortablepositioninaquietplacewheretherearenodistractions.Closeyoureyesandpaynoattentiontotheoutsideworld.Concentrateonlyonyourbreathing.Slowlyinhaleandexhale.Now,witheachinhaledbreathsay“relax”gentlyandpassively.Makeitarelaxingexperience.Ifyouusethismethodtohelpyouinconflictsituationsoveraperiodoftime,theword“relax”willbecomeassociatedwithasenseofphysicalcalm;sayingitinastressfulsituationwillhelpinduceasenseofpeace.

Controllingyourthoughtsisthesecondmajorelementinstressmanagement.Managingstresssuccessfullyrequiresflexibilityinthinking.Thatis,youmustconsideralternativeview.Yourcurrentviewiscausingthestress!Youmustalsokeepfromattachingtoomuchimportancetoevents,asthingsmayseemlessimportantwhenviewedinadifferentway.

36.Themainpointofthisreadingisthat（）.

37.Controllingyourthoughtsalwaysinvolves（）.

38.Humanresponsetostressis（）.

39.Theauthor’sprimarypurposeinwritingtheselectionisto（）.

40.Whichofthefollowingstatementsincludedintheselectionmostdirectlysupportsthewriter’sviewthatstressiscontrollable?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.stressisanimbalancebetweeninternalandexternaldemands

B.controllingphysicalreactionsandthoughtsisaneffectivemeansofmanagingstress

C.relaxationisthekeytosuccessfulstressmanagement

D.stressmanagementrequiresaproblem-solvingapproach

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.consideringthesituationfromdifferentperspectives

B.imaginingyourselfmanagingthestress

C.relaxationtechniquestoeliminatephysicalsymptoms

D.agentleandpassivebreath

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.universal

B.variableaccordingtosex

C.unchanging

D.individual

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.explaintherelationshipbetweenstressandconflict

B.instructthereaderonhowtocontrolstress

C.describerelaxationtechniques

D.persuadethereadertoreducestressthroughsuccessfulmanagement

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Thingsmayseemlessimportantwhenviewedinadifferentway.

B.Stressisanimbalancebetweendemands.

C.Peopleresponddifferentlytoconflict,justastheyresponddifferentlytostress.

D.Managingstresssuccessfullyrequiresflexibilityinthings.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】36.主旨大意題。定位在第一句Stressisastateofimbalancebetweendemandsmadeonusfromoutsidesourcesandourcapabilitiestomeetthosedemands.（壓力是外界對我們的要求和滿足這些要求的自身能力之間存在的失衡狀態(tài)。）A選項(xiàng)“壓力是內(nèi)在需求和外在需求之間的不平衡”，由第一句可知壓力是外在需求和自身能力之間失衡而產(chǎn)生的，表述有誤，B選項(xiàng)“控制身體反應(yīng)和思想是管理壓力的有效手段”定位在最后兩段的首句。Controllingphysicalsymptomsofstressrequiresrelaxation.（控制身體的壓力癥狀需要放松。）Controllingyourthoughtsisthesecondmajorelementinstressmanagement.（控制你的思想是壓力管理的第二個(gè)主要因素。）本文開始介紹了壓力產(chǎn)生的原因后面著重講到了控制壓力的方法。因此B選項(xiàng)符合原文，也是對文章的一個(gè)總體概括。C選項(xiàng)“放松是成功管理壓力的關(guān)鍵”文中并沒有進(jìn)行對比，屬于以偏概全。D選項(xiàng)“壓力管理需要解決問題的方法”文中有詳細(xì)給出控制壓力的辦法，故選B。

37.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)原文Managingstresssuccessfullyrequiresflexibilityinthinking.Thatis,youmustconsideralternativeview.（成功地管理壓力需要思維的靈活性。也就是說，你必須考慮另一種觀點(diǎn)。）由此可知，成功地管理壓力，需要改變自己之前所持的一些觀點(diǎn)。A選項(xiàng)“從不同的角度考慮”轉(zhuǎn)換觀點(diǎn)，從另一個(gè)角度進(jìn)行考慮，正確。B選項(xiàng)“想象自己在管理壓力”，C選項(xiàng)“放松技巧以消除身體癥狀”，D選項(xiàng)“輕柔而被動(dòng)的呼吸”，B，C，D選項(xiàng)與題意無關(guān)，可排除，故選A。

38.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。定位第三段的第一句Peopleresponddifferentlytoconflictjustastheyresponsedifferentlytostress.（人們對沖突的反應(yīng)不同，正如他們對壓力的反應(yīng)不同。）由此可知，每個(gè)人對待壓力的反應(yīng)是不同的。A選項(xiàng)“普遍的”，B選項(xiàng)“性別不同會(huì)有差別”，C選項(xiàng)“不變的”，A，B，C與句意不符，可排除。D選項(xiàng)“個(gè)體的；獨(dú)特的”，符合句意，正確。故選D。

39.推理判斷題。A選項(xiàng)“解釋壓力和沖突之間的關(guān)系”定位在第二段，文中只用了一小段簡單帶過，不可歸為主要目的。Sometimes,inhighlystressfulconflictsituations,wemustcopewiththestressbeforewecopewiththeconflict.（有時(shí)，在高度緊張的沖突情況下，我們必須先處理壓力，然后再處理沖突。）C選項(xiàng)“描述放松技巧”只是屬于控制壓力方法的一個(gè)舉例，不屬于主要目的。D選項(xiàng)“說服讀者通過成功的管理來減輕壓力?！惫芾硪辉~過于籠統(tǒng)寬泛，目的需要具體。即可排除A，C，D選項(xiàng)，B選項(xiàng)“指導(dǎo)讀者如何控制壓力”，文章簡單介紹壓力后，最后兩段著重介紹了控制壓力的方法，能夠給讀者帶來一些建議。故選B。

40.推理判斷題。題意：下列哪個(gè)陳述包含在選擇中，最直接地支持作者的觀點(diǎn)，即壓力是可控的？定位在最后一段Yourcurrentviewiscausingthestress!Youmustalsokeepfromattachingtoomuchimportancetoevents,asthingsmayseemlessimportantwhenviewedinadifferentway.（你當(dāng)前的觀點(diǎn)給你造成了壓力！你還必須避免把事情看得太重要，因?yàn)閺牟煌慕嵌瓤词虑榭赡軙?huì)顯得不那么重要。）可以知道從不同角度去思考一件事，對同樣一件事的感受也會(huì)不同。由此可知，A選項(xiàng)“從不同的角度來看，事情似乎不那么重要”很好的說明了壓力是可控的。B選項(xiàng)“壓力是需求之間的不平衡”只是壓力的一個(gè)表述，與可控性無關(guān)。C選項(xiàng)“人們對沖突的反應(yīng)不同，就像他們對壓力的反應(yīng)不同一樣”只是陳述每個(gè)人對待壓力的方式不同，與壓力的可控性無關(guān)。D選項(xiàng)“成功地管理壓力需要事情的靈活性”根據(jù)原文Managingstresssuccessfullyrequiresflexibilityinthinking.（成功地管理壓力需要思維的靈活性。）主語不一致，故選A。

16.單選題

Automationreferstotheintroductionofelectroniccontrolandautomaticoperationofproductivemachinery.Itreducesthehumanfactors,mentalandphysical,inproduction,andisdesignedtomakepossiblethemanufactureofmoregoodswithfewerworkers.ThedevelopmentofautomationinAmericanindustryhasbeencalledtheSecondIndustrialRevolution.

Labor’sconcernoverautomationarisesfromuncertaintyaboutitseffectsonemployment,andfearsofmajorchangesinjobs.Inthemain,laborhastakentheviewthatresistancetotechnologicalchangeisfutile.Inthelongrun,theresultofautomationmaywellbeanincreaseinemployment,sinceitisexpectedthatvastindustrieswillgrowuparoundmanufacturing,maintaining,andrepairingautomationequipment.Unquestionably,however,therewillbemajorshiftsinjobswithinplantsanddisplacementoflaborfromoneindustrytoanother.Theinterestoflaborliesinbringingaboutthistransitionwithaminimumofinconvenienceanddistresstotheworkersinvolved.Also,unionspokesmenemphasizethatthebenefitoftheincreasedproductionandlowercostsmadepossiblebyautomationshouldbesharedbyworkersintheformofhigherwages,moreleisure,andimprovedlivingstandards.

Toprotecttheinterestsoftheirmembersintheeraofautomation,unionshaveadoptedanumberofnewpolicies.Oneoftheseisthepromotionofsupplementaryunemploymentbenefitsplans.ItisemphasizedthatsincetheemployerinvolvedinSUBplanhasadirectfinancialstakeinpreventingunemployment,hewillhaveastrongincentiveforplanningnewinstallationssoastocausetheleastpossibledisruptioninjobsandjobassignments.Someunionsareworkingfordismissalpayagreements,requiringthatpermanentlylaidoffworkersbepaidasumofmoneybasedonlengthofservice.Anotherapproachistheideaoftheimprovementfactor,whichcallsforwageincreasebasedonincreasesinproductivity.Itisprobable,however,thatlaborwillrelymainlyonreductioninworkinghoursinordertogainafullshareinthefruitsofautomation.

1.Welearnfromparagraph1thatautomationwillprobablyleadto（

）.

2.Laborhastheopinionthat（

）.

3.Whatistherelationbetweenautomationandemploymentintheopinionoflabor?

4.Theunionstressesthat（

）.

5.Howmanynewpoliciesoftheunionshavebeenlistedinthispassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.industrialexpansion

B.anincreaseinemployment

C.displacementoflaborfromoneindustrytoanother

D.anincreaseinunemployment

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.alleffortsmustbemadetopreventautomation

B.automationwillcauseariseinconsumercosts

C.itsmaininterestliesinincreasingallwages

D.technologicalchangecannotbestopped

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Automationwilldefinitelyleadstomoreunemployment.

B.Fromalong-termpointofviewautomationwillbringaboutmorejobs.

C.Automationwillnotcausemuchchangeinemployment.

D.Sooneroflaterautomationwilldoalltheworkinsteadofman.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.workersshouldalsoenjoythefruitsbroughtaboutbyautomation

B.noworkersshouldbefiredinthedevelopmentofautomation

C.itisnecessarytoslowdownthedevelopmentofautomation

D.workersshouldbepaidaccordingtotheirlengthofservice

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.1

B.2

C.3

D.4

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容“自動(dòng)化減少了生產(chǎn)過程中的人為因素，包括精神和身體上的因素，旨在使這樣一種情況成為可能——用更少的工人生產(chǎn)更多的產(chǎn)品?！庇纱丝赏茢?，工人減少會(huì)導(dǎo)致失業(yè)率上升，所以這就是自動(dòng)化所導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果。選項(xiàng)D正確。

2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Inthemain,laborhastakentheviewthatresistancetotechnologicalchangeisfutile.”總的來說，勞動(dòng)者們認(rèn)為抵制技術(shù)變革是徒勞的。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段第三句“Inthelongrun,theresultofautomationmaywellbeanincreaseinemployment,sinceitisexpectedthatvastindustrieswillgrowuparoundmanufacturing,maintaining,andrepairingautomationequipment.”從長遠(yuǎn)來看，自動(dòng)化的結(jié)果很可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致就業(yè)的增加，因?yàn)樵谥圃?、維護(hù)和維修自動(dòng)化設(shè)備領(lǐng)域?qū)?huì)出現(xiàn)大量的行業(yè)。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

4.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Also,unionspokesmenemphasizethatthebenefitoftheincreasedproductionandlowercostsmadepossiblebyautomationshouldbesharedbyworkersintheformofhigherwages,moreleisure,andimprovedlivingstandards.”工會(huì)發(fā)言人強(qiáng)調(diào)，自動(dòng)化帶來產(chǎn)量增加和成本降低的好處，應(yīng)該通過提高工資、增加休閑時(shí)間和提高生活水平的形式，讓工人們共享。也就是說，工人也應(yīng)該享受自動(dòng)化帶來的好處。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

5.主旨大意題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“newpolicies”定位到最后一段“Toprotecttheinterestsoftheirmembersintheeraofautomation,unionshaveadoptedanumberofnewpolicies.Oneoftheseis...Anotherapproachis...”為了在自動(dòng)化時(shí)代保護(hù)工會(huì)成員的利益，工會(huì)采取了一系列新政策。其中之一是……另一種方法是……。由此可知是個(gè)政策，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

17.單選題

Sincethedatafromtheexperimentsarenoteasytobeanalysed,itwillbeseveralweeksbeforeweknowwhetherwearefreetoproceedwiththesecondpartofourresearchprogram.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.from

B.arenoteasy

C.tobeanalysed

D.freetoproceedwith

【答案】B

【解析】語法錯(cuò)誤。主謂不一致。are改成is。主語thedata為單數(shù)，故系動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用is。

18.單選題

Ihatepeoplewho（）theendofafilmthatyouhaven'tseenbefore.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.reveal

B.rewrite

C.revise

D.reverse

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。reveal“揭示，揭露，顯露”；rewrite“重寫，改寫”；revise“修訂，復(fù)習(xí)”；reverse“顛倒，撤銷，反轉(zhuǎn)”。句意：我討厭別人泄露我還沒看過的電影的結(jié)局。A項(xiàng)符合題意。

19.單選題

Thebestwaytocontrolratsisbyseeingthattheyhaveas______.

問題1選項(xiàng)