考研考博-英語-上海海關(guān)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-上海海關(guān)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Iamoneofthemanycitypeoplewhoarealwayssayingthatgiventhechoicewewouldprefertoliveinthecountryawayfromthedirtandnoiseofalargecity.Ihavemanagedtoconvincemyselfthatifitweren’tformyjobIwouldimmediatelyheadoutfortheopenspaceandgobacktonatureinsomesleepyvillageburiedinthecountry.Buthowrealisticisthedream?

Citiescanbefrighteningplaces.Themajorityofthepopulationsliveinmassivetowerblocks,noisy,dirtyandimpersonal.Thesenseofbelongingtoacommunitytendstodisappearwhenyoulivefifteenfloorsup.Allyoucanseefromyourwindowissky,orotherblocksofflats.Childrenbecomeaggressiveandnervous—coopedupathomeallday,withnowheretoplay;theirmothersfeelisolatedfromtherestoftheworld.Strangelyenough,whereasinthepasttheinhabitantsofonestreetallkneweachother,nowadayspeopleonthesamefloorintowerblocksdon’tevensayhellotoeachother.

Countrylife,ontheotherhand,differsfromthiskindofisolatedexistenceinthatasenseofcommunitygenerallybindstheinhabitantsofsmallvillagestogether.Peoplehavetheadvantageofknowingthatthereisalwayssomeonetoturntowhentheyneedhelp.Butcountrylifehasdisadvantagestoo.Whileitistruethatyoumaybeamongfriendsinavillage,itisalsotruethatyouarecutfromtheexcitingandimportanteventsthattakeplaceincities.There’slittlepossibilityofgoingtoanewshoworthelatestmovie.Shoppingbecomesamajorproblem,andforanythingslightlyoutoftheordinaryyouhavetogoonanexpeditiontothenearestlargetown.Thecity-dwellerwholeavesforthecountryisoftenoppressedbyasenseofunbearablestillnessandquiet.

What,then,istheanswer?Thecountryhastheadvantageofpeaceandquiet,butsuffersfromthedisadvantageofbeingcutoff;thecitybreedsafeelingofisolation,andconstantnoisebattersthesenses.Butoneofitsmainadvantagesisthatyouareatthecentrerofthings,andthatlifedoesn’tcometoanendathalfpastnineatnight.Somepeoplehavefound(orratherbought)acompromisebetweenthetwo:theyhaveexpressedtheirpreferenceforthe“quietlife”byleavingthesuburbsandmovingtovillageswithincommutingdistanceoflargecities.Theygenerallyhaveaboutasmuchsensitivityastheplasticflowerstheyleavebehindtheyarepollutedwithstrangeideasaboutchangesandimprovementwhichtheyforceontotheunwillingoriginalinhabitantsofthevillages.

Whatthenofmydreamsofleaningonacottagegateandmurmuring“morning”tothelocalsastheypassby.I’mkeenontheidea,butyouseethere’smycat,Toby.I’mnotatallsurethathewouldtaketoallthatfreshairandexerciseinthelonggrass.Imean,canyouseehimmixingwithallthosehealthymalesdownthefarm?No,hewouldratherhavetheelectricimitation-coalfireanyevening.

1.Wegettheimpressionfromthefirstparagraphthattheauthor（

）.

2.Intheauthor’sopinionthefollowingmaycausecitypeopletobeunhappyEXCEPT（

）.

3.ThepassageimpliesthatitiseasytobuythefollowingthingsinthecountryEXCEPT（

）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingadjectivesbestdescribesthosepeoplewhoworkinlargecitiesandliveinvillages?

5.Doyouthinktheauthorwillmovetothecountry?

問題1選項

A.usedtoliveinthecountry

B.usedtoworkinthecity

C.worksinthecity

D.livesinthecountry

問題2選項

A.astrongsenseoffear

B.lackofcommunication

C.housingconditions

D.asenseofisolation

問題3選項

A.dailynecessities

B.freshfruits

C.designerclothes

D.freshvegetables

問題4選項

A.Original.

B.Quiet.

C.Arrogant.

D.Insensitive.

問題5選項

A.Yes,hewilldoso

B.No,hewillnotdoso

C.Itisdifficulttotell

D.Heisintwominds

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.細節(jié)題。第一段:Iamoneofthemanycitypeoplewhoarealwayssayingthatgiventhechoicewewouldprefertoliveinthecountryawayfromthedirtandnoiseofalargecity(我是眾多城市人中的一員，如果要做選擇的話，我們寧愿住在遠離大城市的塵土和噪音的鄉(xiāng)村)。說明作者是在城里工作。

2.細節(jié)題。定位至第二段。Thesenseofbelongingtoacommunitytendstodisappear,peopleonthesamefloorintowerblocksdon’tevensayhellotoeachother,由此推測B項(lackofcommunication)是原因之一。Themajorityofthepopulationliveinmassivetowerblocks，noisy,dirtyandimpersonal,,Allyoucanseefromyourwindowissky,orotherblocksofflats,由此推測C項(housingconditions)也是原因之一。Children,，coopedupathomeallday，，theirmothersfeelisolatedfromtherestoftheworld，由此推測D項(asenseofisolation)也是原因之一。故選A。

3.推斷題。第三段指出:Shoppingbecomesamajorproblem,andforanythingslightlyoutoftheordinaryyouhavetogoonanexpeditiontothenearestlargetown(住在一個小村莊里，購物是一個大問題，即使只是稍微特別的物品，人們也必須到附近大城鎮(zhèn)去買),由此推測在鄉(xiāng)村不容易買到的東西應(yīng)是designerclothes。

4.推斷題。第四段說:Theygenerallyhaveaboutasmuchsensitivityastheplasticflowerstheyleavebehind—theyarepollutedwithstrangeideasaboutchangesandimprovementwhichtheyforceontotheunwillingoriginalinhabitantsofthevillages.’即他們一般還是比較敏感的...他們也把某些改變強加給當?shù)剞r(nóng)村居民。故選C項Arrogant（驕橫的）比較合適。

5.推斷題。最后一段:I’mkeenontheidea...No,hewouldratherhavetheelectricimitation-coalfireanyevening,作者說他一點也不確定他的貓會接受新鮮空氣，在長草中鍛煉,并且在后面用貓來作了否定的答復(fù)。由此推測作者不會去農(nóng)村生活。

2.單選題

Corporationsasagroupofferavarietyofjobs.Mostlargecompaniessendpeopletocollegestocollegestointerviewgraduatingstudentswiththerequiredacademictraining.Alargeuniversitymayhavemorethan500companiesayearknockingonitsdoors.Bigfirmsareyourbestplaceforajobbecausetheirnormalgrowth,employeeretirements,andturnovercreatethousandsofjobsnationwideeachyear.

Corporations,however,illustratetherulethatthebiggestisn’talwaysthebest.Manysmallfirmswithjustafewhundredemployeeshavepositionsthatmaycorrespondwithyourprofessiongoals,too.Suchfirmsmaynothavethetime,money,orneedtosendpeoplearoundtoyourcollege;you’llprobablyhavetocontactthemyourselfeitherdirectlyorthroughanemploymentagency.Don’tignoretheselittlecompanies.Theirsalariesareusuallycompetitiveandthechancesforadvancementandrecognitionevenstrongerthanthoseofabigfirm.Youcouldbecomeabigfishinasmallpond,reachingahigh-levelpositionmorequicklythanyouwouldifyouhadclimbedthemostcompetitiveladderofacorporategiant.

Forexample,asmallcompanymayneedabrightengineering,accountingormanagementgraduatewhowouldreportdirectlytotheseniorvice-presidentofengineering,thecompanycontroller,orthegeneralmanager.Inlargerfirmsitmaytakeyearstoreachlevelandaccumulatesimilarin-depthexperience.Inaddition,responsibilitiesmaycomefasterinasmallfirmwithlessspecializationandfewerlower-levelemployeestoreceivedelegatedauthority.

1.Thepurposeofthepassageis（）.

2.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEoflargecorporations?

3.Theword“Their”(paragraph2,line6)refersto（）.

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueofsmallfirm?

5.Withwhomisthepassagemostprobablyconcerned?

問題1選項

A.todefinecorporationsandfirms

B.toshowtherelationbetweenfirmsandcolleges

C.toinformthejob-seekeroftheemploymentrequirements

D.togiveadescriptionofcorporationsforcollegestudents

問題2選項

A.Theyonlyemploycollegegraduates.

B.Theycanoffermanyjobopportunities.

C.Theyhavemanysub-companiesnationwide.

D.Theirrequirementsareverycompetitive.

問題3選項

A.corporations’

B.graduatingstudents’

C.smallfirms’

D.employers’

問題4選項

A.Itmaybeunnecessaryforthemtosendpeopletocolleges.

B.Theiremployeesmaybepromotedmorequickly.

C.Theymayofferpositionswhichyoudemand.

D.Theycannotaffordtosendpeopletocollege.

問題5選項

A.Students

B.Employers

C.Employees

D.Engineers

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。本文開篇為我們介紹corporations的一些特點：corporations提供各種類型的工作；平均每年有超過500家corporations會派面試人員去高校找尋合適的高校畢業(yè)人才；大公司有相對完善的職工培訓(xùn)和退休機制，每年的年產(chǎn)值能創(chuàng)造出上千個工作崗位。接下來說明大企業(yè)也有一些缺陷，這些缺陷正是小公司的優(yōu)勢所在，為此作者還詳細說明了這些優(yōu)勢的具體表現(xiàn)。文章最后舉例說明與大企業(yè)相比較，小公司對畢業(yè)生而言的優(yōu)勢。本文通過比較論證讓我們更加清楚什么是corporation。A選項“定義corporations和firms”；B選項“展示公司和大學(xué)之間的關(guān)系”；C選項“告知求職者有關(guān)的就業(yè)要求”都不符合題意，D選項“為大學(xué)生描述公司”正確，因此D選項正確。

2.細節(jié)事實題。由題干可定位到文章第一段“Bigfirmsareyourbestplaceforajobbecausetheirnormalgrowth,employeeretirements,andturnovercreatethousandsofjobsnationwideeachyear.（大公司是最適合工作的地方，因為它們的正常增長、員工退休和人員流動每年在全國范圍內(nèi)創(chuàng)造了成千上萬的工作機會。）”可知大企業(yè)工作機會很多。A選項“他們只雇傭大學(xué)畢業(yè)生”說法錯誤；B選項“他們可以提供很多工作機會”正確；C選項“他們在全國有很多子公司”和D選項“他們的職位需求很有競爭力”文中沒有提到。因此B選項正確。

3.語義推測題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第二段第五句話“Theirsalariesareusuallycompetitiveandthechancesforadvancementandrecognitionevenstrongerthanthoseofabigfirm.（他們的薪水通常很有競爭力，晉升和認可的機會甚至比大公司還要大。）”。由此可知這里是拿大公司的薪水與小公司的薪水相比。A選項“公司的”；B選項“畢業(yè)生的”；D選項“老板的”都不符合題意，C選項“小公司的”符合題意，因此C選項正確。

4.細節(jié)事實題。由題干可定位到文章第二段最后一句“Youcouldbecomeabigfishinasmallpond,reachingahigh-levelpositionmorequicklythanyouwouldifyouhadclimbedthemostcompetitiveladderofacorporategiant.（你可以成為一個小池塘里的大魚，比你爬上一個公司巨頭競爭最激烈的階梯更快地到達另一個高層位置。）”可知小公司提供的職位比你想要的還高。A選項“他們可能沒有必要送人上大學(xué)”；B選項“他們的員工可能會升職更快”；D選項“他們供不起員工上大學(xué)”文章都有提到，C選項“他們可能提供你需要的職位”說法錯誤，因此C選項正確。

5.主旨大意題。從文中第一段說很多大企業(yè)去校園進行招聘并述說了你在大或者小企業(yè)里各自所獲他們各自的工作優(yōu)勢，可知本文是想給那些學(xué)生尤其是即將畢業(yè)的學(xué)生介紹一些有關(guān)大企業(yè)和小公司的特點，為他們就業(yè)提供更多參考。A選項“學(xué)生”；B選項“雇主”；C選項“員工”；D選項“工程師”。因此A選項正確。

3.單選題

Nowonderthatman’sgreatdreamhasbeensomedaytocontroltheweather.Thefirststep

A

B

towardcontrolis,ofcourse,knowledge,andscientistshavebeenhardatworkforyearstrying

C

tokeeptrackfortheweather.

D

問題1選項

A.Nowonder

B.man’s

C.hardatwork

D.keeptrackfor

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。keeptrackof意為“了解，記錄，保持聯(lián)系”。

試題答案：D;keeptrackof

4.單選題

Ifacatcomestooclosetoitsnest,themockingbird_______asetofactionstoprotectitsoffspring.

問題1選項

A.hastens

B.releases

C.devises

D.initiates

【答案】D

【解析】hastens加速,催促;releases釋放,放松;devises設(shè)計,想出;initiates發(fā)起,開始。句意：如果一只貓離知更鳥的巢太近,它就會采取一系列行動來保護它的后代。選項D符合句意。

5.單選題

Newtechnologylinkstheworldasneverbefore.Ourplanethasshrunk.It'snowa"globalvillage"wherecountriesareonlysecondsawaybyfaxorphoneorsatellitelink.And,ofcourse,ourabilitytobenefitfromthishigh-techcommunicationsequipmentisgreatlyenhancedbyforeignlanguageskills

Deeplyinvolvedwiththisnewtechnologyisabreedofmodernbusinesspeoplewhohaveagrowingrespectfortheeconomicvalueofdoingbusinessabroad.Inmodernmarkets,successoverseasoftenhelpsupportdomesticbusinessefforts.

Overseasassignmentsarebecomingincreasinglyimportanttoadvancementwithinexecutiveranks.Theexecutivestationedinanothercountrynolongerneedfearbeing"outofsightandoutofmind."Heorshecanbesurethattheoverseaseffortiscentraltothecompany'splanforsuccess,andthatpromotionsoftenfolloworaccompanyanassignmentabroad.Ifanemployeecansucceedinadifficultassignmentoverseas,superiorswillhavegreaterconfidenceinhisorherabilitytocopebackintheUnitedSateswherecross-culturalconsiderationsandforeignlanguageissuesarebecomingmoreandmoreprevalent.

Thankstoavarietyofrelativelyinexpensivecommunicationsdeviceswithbusinessapplications,evensmallbusinessesintheUnitedStatesareabletogetintointernationalmarkets.

Englishisstilltheinternationallanguageofbusiness.Butthereisanever-growingneedforpeoplewhocanspeakanotherlanguage.Asecondlanguageisn'tgenerallyrequiredtogetajobinbusiness,buthavinglanguageskillsgivesacandidatetheedgewhenotherqualificationsappeartobeequal.

Theemployeepostedabroadwhospeaksthecountry'sprincipallanguagehasanopportunitytofast-forwardcertainnegotiations,andcanhavetheculturalinsighttoknowwhenitisbettertomovemoreslowly.Theemployeeatthehomeofficewhocancommunicatewellwithforeignclientsoverthetelephoneorbyfaxmachineisanobviousassettothefirm.

1.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardhightechcommunicationsequipment?

2.Withtheincreaseduseofhigh-techcommunicationsequipment,businesspeople（）.

3.Inthispassage,"outofsightandoutofmind"(Lines2-3,Para.3)probablymeans（）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,whatisanimportantconsiderationofinternationalcorporationsinemployingpeopletoday?

5.Theadvantageofemployeeshavingforeignlanguageskillsisthattheycan（）.

問題1選項

A.Critical

B.Indifferent

C.Prejudiced

D.Positive

問題2選項

A.havetogetfamiliarwithmoderntechnology

B.aregainingmoreeconomicbenefitsfromdomesticoperations

C.areattachingmoreimportancetotheiroverseasbusiness

D.areeagertoworkoverseas

問題3選項

A.beingunabletothinkproperlyforlackofinsight

B.beingtotallyoutoftouchwithbusinessathome

C.missingopportunitiesforpromotionwhenabroad

D.leavingallcareandworthybehind

問題4選項

A.Connectionswithbusinessoverseas

B.Abilitytospeaktheclient'slanguage.

C.Technicalknowledge

D.Businessexperience

問題5選項

A.bettercontrolthewholenegotiationprocess

B.easilyfindnewapproachestomeetmarketneeds

C.fast-forwardtheirproposalstoheadquarters

D.easilymakefriendswithbusinesspeopleabroad

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.事實細節(jié)題。A項“批評的”，B項“漠視的，中立的”，C項“有偏見的”，D項“積極肯定的”。文章第一段提到“...ourabilitytobenefitfromthishigh-techcommunicationsequipmentisgreatlyenhancedbyforeignlanguageskills我們從這種高科技通信設(shè)備中獲益的能力因外語技能而大大提高”可知D項符合題意，故選D。

2.事實細節(jié)題。A項“必須熟悉現(xiàn)代技術(shù)”，B項“從國內(nèi)業(yè)務(wù)中獲得更多的經(jīng)濟效益”，C項“更重視他們的海外業(yè)務(wù)”，D項“渴望去海外工作”。文章第二段提到“Deeplyinvolvedwiththisnewtechnologyisabreedofmodernbusinesspeoplewhohaveagrowingrespectfortheeconomicvalueofdoingbusinessabroad.深入?yún)⑴c這項新技術(shù)的是一群現(xiàn)代商人，他們越來越重視跨國商業(yè)的經(jīng)濟價值”可知C項正確。

3.詞匯題。A項“因為缺乏洞察力而無法正確思考”；B項“與國內(nèi)業(yè)務(wù)完全脫節(jié)”；C項“在國外失去晉升的機會”，D項“完全置之度外”。文章第三段提到“Heorshecanbesurethattheoverseaseffortiscentraltothecompany'splanforsuccess,andthatpromotionsoftenfolloworaccompanyanassignmentabroad.他或她可以確定，海外業(yè)務(wù)是公司成功計劃的核心，外派往往意味著升職”是對"outofsightandoutofmind."的補充說明，選項C最符合題意，故選C。

4.判斷推理題。A項“與海外商業(yè)的聯(lián)系”，B項“能說駐國語”，C項“技術(shù)知識”，D項“商業(yè)經(jīng)驗”。最后一段提到“Theemployeepostedabroadwhospeaksthecountry'sprincipallanguagehasanopportunitytofast-forwardcertainnegotiations,andcanhavetheculturalinsighttoknowwhenitisbettertomovemoreslowly.外派員工能說駐國語，有機會快速推進某些談判，并能有文化洞察力，知道何時更好地較慢行動”可知B項是“當今國際公司在用人方面的一個重要考慮”，故選B。

5.事實細節(jié)題。A項“更好地控制整個談判過程”，B項“很容易找到新的方法來滿足市場需求”，C項“迅速向總部反饋他們的建議”，D項“容易與海外商人交朋友”。文章最后一段提到“Theemployeepostedabroadwhospeaksthecountry'sprincipallanguagehasanopportunitytofast-forwardcertainnegotiations,andcanhavetheculturalinsighttoknowwhenitisbettertomovemoreslowly.外派員工能說駐國語，有機會快速推進某些談判，并能有文化洞察力，知道何時更好地較慢行動”，可知A項“更好地控制整個談判的進程”正確。BCD三項在文中均未提及。

6.單選題

TheAmericandreamismost（）duringtheperiodsofproductivityandwealthgeneratedbyAmericancapitalism.

問題1選項

A.plausible

B.patriotic

C.primitive

D.partial

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項plausible“看似可信的，花言巧語的”；B選項patriotic“愛國的”；C選項primitive“原始的，粗糙的”；D選項partial“偏愛的，不公平的”，這里要考慮句子前后的邏輯關(guān)系，美國資本主義帶來發(fā)達的生產(chǎn)力，創(chuàng)造了巨大的財富，因此一時之間美國夢看起來似乎是能實現(xiàn)的，其它三項均不能使句子句意通順。句意：在美國資本主義帶來高度的生產(chǎn)力和巨大的財富期間，美國夢似乎是最能實現(xiàn)的。由選項意思和句意可知，A選項符合句意。

7.單選題

Thelocalgovernmentisplanningtomake（

）fortheelderlypeopleinahousingprogram.

問題1選項

A.provision

B.admittance

C.assistance

D.condition

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。provision“準備，規(guī)定，條款”；admittance“進入，入場權(quán)，通道”；assistance“幫助，援助”；condition“條件，情況，環(huán)境”。makeprovisionfor“為將來需要、困難做準備”。句意：當?shù)卣媱澰谧》宽椖可辖o老年人提供幫助。A項符合題意。

8.寫作題

Directions:Writeacompositioninthetitle“OnAgingSociety”basedonthefollowinggivenoutline.Yourcompositionshouldbeabout150Englishwords.PleasewriteyourcompositionontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】ThereisaclassicquestioninChinawhichmayseembizarreintheeyesofforeigners:shouldwehelptheoldpeoplewhofelldownonthestreet?Thetopiciscontroversialbecauseithappenedthatpeoplewhohelpedtheoldpeoplegotthemselvesintrouble.Ibelieveweshouldalwaysofferassistancetoseniorpeoplewhofelldown,becauseifwedon’t,citizenshipwillneverprevail.

Thisdilemmashowsthelackoftrustamongusandithasbeentranslatedintotheindifferencetoothers,consideringthatwehaveenteredintoa“societyofstrangers”.Andthesituationhasbeenworsenedbytheunpleasantcasesthathavehappened.Butifwewanttoseechanges,weneedtodotherightthing,andifweallchoosetodoso,therewillbenoroomfordeceptionandblackmail.Inthatcase,justicewillgaintheupperhand.

Itismoreimportantforthegovernmentandpublicmediatoformanagreeableenvironmentthatencouragespeopletodotherightthing.Ontheonehand,Thegovernmentshoulduseitshardpowertoestablishlawstoprotectpeoplewhoofferhelpandpunishthosetakingadvantageofpeople’skindness.Ontheotherhand,publicmediashouldmakefulluseofitssoftpowertoraisepeople’sawarenessofcitizenship.Ithastotellpeoplewhatisrightandwhatiswrong,andshouldnothypethebadexamplesinwhichkindheartedpeoplegetextorted.

9.單選題

Ifyou（

）someone,youformafixedgeneralideaorimageofthemsothatyouassumethattheywillbehaveinaparticularway.

問題1選項

A.assimilate

B.simulate

C.stereotype

D.subordinate

【答案】C

【解析】考察動詞詞義辨析。Assimilate“吸收，同化”；simulate“刺激”；stereotype“使成成規(guī)，使變得刻板”；subordinate“使從屬，使服從”。句意：如果你用刻板的觀點看別人，你腦海中就形成了他們的一個大題想法和形象，因此你就會認為他們的一言一行都是按照特定的方式來的。選項C符合題意。

10.翻譯題

Craftymencondemnstudies,simplemenadmirethem,andwisemenusethem;fortheyteachnottheirownuse;butthatthereisawisdomwithoutthem,andabovethem,wonbyobservation.Readnottocontradictandconfute;nortobelieveandtakeforgranted;nortofindtalkanddiscourse;buttoweighandconsider.

【答案】有實際才干的人鄙薄書本；頭腦簡單的人羨慕書本；只有聰明人才會運用書本。因為書籍本身并不教人如何運用，運用之道，乃在書外，且高于書本，唯有通過觀察才能學(xué)到。讀書時不可存心與作者辯難，不可以輕信盲從，也不可尋章摘句，作為談資，而須權(quán)衡與琢磨。

11.單選題

Therearemanyarguments（）smokinginpublicplaces.

問題1選項

A.for

B.from

C.against

D.towards

【答案】A

【解析】考查介詞辨析。句意：許多人反對在公共場所吸煙。

12.單選題

ThePartyalwaysinculcatesthedutyofloyaltyontheyoungpeople.

問題1選項

A.precludesfrom

B.imbueswith

C.furnisheswith

D.resortsto

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.precludesfrom阻止，妨礙B.imbueswith灌輸強烈的情感或意見

C.furnisheswith供給，提供，給……裝飾D.resortsto依靠，求助于，訴諸

【答案】B

【考查點】詞組辨析。

【解題思路】由關(guān)鍵信息TheParty（黨）和thedutyofloyalty（忠誠的義務(wù)）可推測，劃線單詞inculcate的意思是“灌輸，教導(dǎo)”。因此，B選項含義與劃線部分詞義最為接近，故本題正確答案為B選項。

【干擾項排除】A、C、D項與劃線單詞的意思不符合。

【句意】黨總是諄諄教導(dǎo)青年人忠誠的義務(wù)。

13.單選題

Onlyonceinawhile（）anovellikethat.

問題1選項

A.theloverofbookscomesabout

B.theloverofbookscomesacross

C.doestheloverofbookscomeacross

D.doestheloverofbookscome

【答案】C

【解析】考查倒裝。Only位于句首，句子需要倒裝，由此可首先排除選項A和選項B；再根據(jù)句意：愛書的人只有偶爾才會遇到這樣的小說。comeacross意為“偶遇，無意中發(fā)現(xiàn)”，選項C符合語境。

14.翻譯題

藝術(shù)的最高境界是無技巧。我?guī)资昵巴晃慌笥艳q論時就說過：長得好看的人用不著濃妝艷抹，而我的文章就像一個丑八怪，不打扮，看起來倒還順眼些。他說：“流傳久遠的作品是靠文學(xué)技巧流傳，誰會關(guān)心百十年前的生活？”我不同意，我認為打動人心的還是作品中所反映的生活和主人公的命運。這仍然是在反對那些無中生有、混淆黑白的花言巧語。我最恨那些盜名欺世、欺騙讀者的謊言。

【答案】Thehigheststatetowhichartcanattainisartlessness.Whenarguingwiththispointswithafriendseveraldecadesago,Isaid,“Physicallyattractivepeopledon’tneedheavymake-up.Thoughmywritingresemblesanuglymonster,itactuallylooksalittlebetterwithoutanyembellishment.”Hereplied,“Literaryworkshavestoodthetestoftimebecauseoftheskillwithwhichtheywerewritten.Whotodaycaresaboutthedetailsofwhatlifewaslikeahundredyearsago?”IdisagreeandIbelievereadersaremovedbythelifereflectedinastoryandthefateofthechiefcharacters.ThismeanIopposefabrication,deceptionandflowerylanguage.WhatIhatemostarethoseglory-seekingwriterswhodeceivethepublicwiththeirlies.

15.單選題

Fuelscarcities（）automobiledesignerstodevelopsmall-displacementvehiclesforpublicuse.

問題1選項

A.prompted

B.encouraged

C.fomented

D.spotlighted

【答案】A

【解析】句意:燃料短缺促使汽車設(shè)計師開發(fā)供公眾使用的小排量汽車。

考查動詞辨析。選項均為對應(yīng)動詞的過去式。prompt提示，促使，激起；encourage鼓勵，激勵；foment煽動，挑起；；spotlight聚光照明，使公眾注意。因此A符合句意。

16.單選題

TheNuttyProfessorwaswrittenoffas（）,butinactuality,hewasasmartman!

問題1選項

A.complicity

B.effigy

C.inane

D.diatribe

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項complicity“共謀；串通；共犯關(guān)系”；B選項effigy“雕像；肖像”；C選項inane“空洞的；愚蠢的”；D選項diatribe“誹謗；惡罵”。句意：肥佬教授被描寫成愚蠢的，但是在現(xiàn)實中他卻是一個聰明的人。結(jié)合句意可知C選項正確。

17.單選題

Thepromiseoffindinglong-termtechnologicalsolutionstotheproblemofworldfoodshortagesseemsdifficulttofulfill.Manyinnovationsthatwereonceheavilysupportedandpublicized,suchasfish-proteinconcentrateandproteinfromalgaegrownonpetroleumsubstrates:hassincefallenbythewayside.Theproposalsthemselvesweretechnicallyfeasible;buttheyprovedtobeeconomicallyunviableandtoyieldfoodproductsculturallyunacceptabletotheirconsumers.Recentinnovationssuchasopaque-2maize,Antarctickrill,andthewheat-ryetriticaleseemmorepromising,butitistooearlytopredicttheirultimatefate.

Onecharacteristiccommontounsuccessfulfoodinnovationshasbeenthat,evenwithextensivegovernmentsupport,theyoftenhavenotbeentechnologicallyadaptedorculturallyacceptabletothepeopleforwhomtheyhadbeendeveloped.Asuccessfulnewtechnology,therefore,mustfittheentiresocio-culturalsysteminwhichitistofindaplace.Securityofcropyield,practicalityofstorage,palatability,andcostsaremuchmoresignificantthanhadpreviouslybeenrealizedbytheadvocatesofnewtechnologies.Forexample,thebetterproteinqualityintortillasmadefromopaque-2maizewillbeofonlylimitedbenefittoafamilyonthemarginofsubsistenceifthenewmaizeisnotculturallyacceptableorismorevulnerabletoinsects.

Theadoptionofnewfoodtechnologiesdependsonmorethanthesetechnicalandculturalconsiderations;economicfactorsandgovernmentalpoliciesalsostronglyinfluencetheultimatesuccessofanyinnovation.EconomistsintheAnglo-Americantraditionhavetakentheleadininvestigatingtheeconomicsoftechnologicalinnovation.Althoughtheyexaggerateinclaimingthatprofitabilityisthekeyfactorguidingtechnicalchange—theycompletelydisregardthesubstantialeffectsofculture—theyarecorrectinstressingtheimportanceofprofits.Mosttechnologicalinnovationsinagriculturecanbellyusedonlybylargelandownersandareonlyadoptediftheseprofit-orientedbusinesspeoplebelievethattheinnovationwillincreasetheirincomes.

1.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthorwasabletoassessthetruthofwhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutopaque-2maize?

2.ThepassagementionsallofthefollowingasfactorsimportanttothesuccessofanewfoodcropEXCEPTthe（

）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,theuseofAntarctickrillasafoodisaninnovationwhosefutureis（

）.

4.Thefirstparagraphofthepassagebestsupportswhichofthefollowingstatements?

問題1選項

A.Itcanbestoredaseasilyasothervarietiesofmaize.

B.Itismorepopularthanthewheat-ryehybridtriticale.

C.Itproducestortillasofgreaterproteincontentthandoothervarietiesofmaize.

D.Itismoresusceptibletoinsectsthanareothervarietiesofmaize.

問題2選項

A.practicalityofstorageofthecrop

B.securityofthecropyield

C.qualityofthecrop'sprotein

D.culturalacceptabilityofthecrop

/r