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書山有路勤為徑,學海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-東華理工大學長江學院押題密卷附帶答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹慎購買!第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓練(共50題)1.單選題

Inthedimlight,Imanagedtodiscerntheshadowyfigureofabigdogamongthetrees.

問題1選項

A.makeoff

B.makeout

C.makeup

D.makeover

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。makeoff逃走,離開,匆忙離開;makeout理解,辨認出,說明,填寫,設法應付;makeup組成,補足,化妝,編造;makeover轉(zhuǎn)讓,移交,修改。句意:在暗光下,我在樹叢中辨認出一只大狗的影子。B項符合題意。

2.問答題

Inspirittheirworkwasclosertothehumorofthefast-developingcomicstripandgagcartoon

A

B

thantothestringofpoliticalsatire.Theirsubjectsweremoreoftenamusingthanoffendedby

C

D

amiableattacks.

【答案】試題答案:D;amused

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。amusing一般形容物;amused一般形容人。theirsubjects意為“他們的繪畫對象”,表示人。

3.單選題

Itisthroughlearningthattheindividual(

)manyhabitualwaysofreactingtosituations.

問題1選項

A.acquires

B.achieves

C.gains

D.retains

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。acquire意為“獲得,取得”,指經(jīng)過努力逐步獲得才能、知識、習慣等;achieve意為“取得”,指成就、目標、幸福的取得;gain意為“獲得”,指通過較大努力獲得某種利益或好處;retain意為“保持,保留”。

句意:正是通過學習,個人才能獲得處理各種情況的習慣做法。

4.翻譯題

46.當有人對我說,他們喜愛動物是因為動物有感情,然后又虐待動物,我就對他們說,幸虧他們不喜歡我。(4points)

47.貧困國家轉(zhuǎn)變富裕國家靠的是投資開發(fā)自然資源,并借助教育和技術的轉(zhuǎn)移項目提高人力資源和技術資源。(5points)

48.有一些人,他們之所以關心經(jīng)濟發(fā)展,或是因為他們認為發(fā)展經(jīng)濟是發(fā)展中國家人民需要實現(xiàn)的目標,或是因為他們認為只有經(jīng)濟增長率達到令人滿意的程度才能保證政治穩(wěn)定。(5points)

49.失去理想是人們可能會犯的一個重大錯誤,這就是為什么我們應該奮力向前并且相信我們自己,無論選定的目標看起來多么遙不可及,我們都應爭取實現(xiàn)。(6points)

【答案】46.Whenpeopletellmethattheyloveanimalsbecauseanimalshavefeelings,buttorturethem,Itellthemit’sagoodthingtheydon’tlikeme.

47.Thetransitionfrompoortorichcountriesisachievedbyinvestmentinthedevelopmentofnaturalresourcesandthepromotionhumanandtechnologicalresourcesthrougheducationandtechnologytransferprojects.

48.Therearethosewhoareconcernedabouteconomicdevelopment,eitherbecausetheybelievethateconomicdevelopmentisagoalthatpeopleindevelopingcountriesneedtoachieve,orbecausetheybelievethatpoliticalstabilitycanbeensuredonlyiftheeconomicgrowthratereachesasatisfactorylevel.

49.Losingouridealsisabigmistakepeoplecanmake,whichiswhyweshouldpushforwardandbelieveinourselves.Nomatterhowreachlessthechosengoalmayseem,weshouldstrivetoachieveit.

5.單選題

Fewerandfeweroftoday’sworkersexpecttospendtheirworkinglivesinthesamefield,()thesamecompany.

問題1選項

A.allelse

B.muchworse

C.lesslikely

D.letalone

【答案】D

【解析】考查語義辨析。A選項allelse“其他所有”;B選項muchworse“更糟糕的是”;C選項lesslikely“更不可能的是”;D選項letalone“更不必說”,句意為:如今想在同一個領域干一輩子的工人越來越少,更不用說同一個公司了。D選項符合句意,因此選D。

6.單選題

Theaccusationswebringagainstothersshouldbe()ourselves;weshouldnotcomplacencyandeasyjudgmentsonourpartconcerningourownmoralconduct.

問題1選項

A.denigrationof…exclude

B.instructionsto...equate

C.parodiesof...satirize

D.warningsto...justify

【答案】D

【解析】固定搭配和動詞詞義辨析。denigrationof“低毀”;exclude“排除”;instructions“指令,說明”;equate“使相等”;parodiesof“效仿”;satirize“諷刺,挖苦”;warningsto“警告”;justify“證明……是正當?shù)摹?。句意:我們對他人的指責應該是對自己的一種警告;我們不應該自滿,也不應該對我們自己的道德行為輕易地做出判斷。選項D符合題意。

7.單選題

Correctideasarenot()inthemind,butcomefromsocialpractice.

問題1選項

A.learned

B.friendly

C.imparted

D.innate

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項learned“博學的,有學問的”;B選項friendly“友好的,親切的”;C選項imparted“給予的,授予的”;D選項innate“先天的,固有的”,句意:正確的思想不是頭腦中固有的,而是來源于社會實踐。由選項意思和句意可知,D選項符合句意。

8.單選題

Isthereanypossible______explanationforhisbadhealthsinceheseemstohavenoobviousdisease?

問題1選項

A.psychiatric

B.psychological

C.surgical

D.physical

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.psychiatric精神病學的B.psychological心理的,心理學的

C.surgical外科的,手術上的D.physical物理的,身體的

【考查點】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】由原因狀語從句sinceheseemstohavenoobviousdisease(因為他似乎沒有什么明顯的疾病)可知,沒有身體方面的疾病,那么推測,空格處表示“心理方面的原因”。因此,B項正確。

【干擾項排除】A、C、D選項都不符合句意。

【句意】他的健康狀況不佳有沒有可能的心理原因,因為他似乎沒有什么明顯的疾???

9.單選題

Itwasessentialthattheapplicationforms(

)backbeforethedeadline.

問題1選項

A.mustbesent

B.wouldbesent

C.besent

D.weresent

【答案】C

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。由itisvital(necessary,important等)+that引導的主語從句中的謂語動詞應該用虛擬語氣的形式,動詞應該用動詞原形或should+動詞原形,選項C符合題意。

10.單選題

TheyearsfollowingthepublicationofDarwin’sworkhaveseenafabulousdevelopmentofgeneralandhumanpaleontology.

問題1選項

A.distinctive

B.parallel

C.marvelous

D.unique

【答案】C

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.distinctive獨特的,特別的B.parallel極相似的,同時發(fā)生的

C.marvelous極好的,非凡的D.unique獨特的,罕見的

【答案】C

【考查點】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】fabulous的意思為“極好的,絕妙的;很大的,巨大的”,用來形容development,指的是古生物學和人類古生物學發(fā)展得特別好,非常迅速,marvelous與之詞義相近,因此C選項正確。

【干擾項排除】A、B、D選項詞義與之不符。

【句意】在達爾文發(fā)表著作幾年后,古生物學和人類古生物學都取得了驚人的進展。

11.翻譯題

Totalitarianismisthepolarcaseofsuchbureaucraticconcentrationofpowerthatdestroysdemocraticprocessess,butnottheonlyone.Thesametendencycanbeobservedinpoliticalmachinethattransferthepowerthatlegallybelongstovoterstopoliticalbosses,inbusinesscorporationsthatvestthepowerthatrightfullybelongstostockholdersincorporationofficials,inthoseunionsthatbestowthepowerthatrightfullybelongstorank-and-filemembersuponunionleaders.Thesecasesleadsomewriterstocontendthatthepresenttrendtowardbureaucratizationspellsthedoomofdemocraticinstitution.Thismaywellbetoofatalisticaviewpoint,buttherecanbenodoubtthatthistrendconstitutesachallenge.Toprotectourselvesagainstthisthreat,whilecontinutingtoutilizetheseeffcientadministrativemechanisms,wemustfirstlearnfullytounderstandhowbureaucraciesfunction.

【答案】【參考譯文】

極權(quán)主義是這種官僚權(quán)力集中破壞民主進程的極端例子,但不是唯一的例子。在其他方面也可看到相同趨勢:政治機器將合法屬于選民的權(quán)力轉(zhuǎn)移給政治領袖;商業(yè)公司將合法屬于股東的權(quán)力授予公司高層;一些工會將應賦予普通成員的權(quán)力給工會領導人。這些案例使一些作家認為,目前的官僚主義趨勢預示著民主制度的滅亡。這可能是一個偏宿命論的觀點,但毫無疑問,這種趨勢(給我們)帶來了一種挑戰(zhàn)。在我們繼續(xù)使用這些有效行政機制時,為了保護自己不受這種威脅,必須首先充分了解官僚機制是如何運作的。

12.單選題

Inthelongrun,thenewsystem,whichisuniformandsimpler,willsavemoney.

問題1選項

A.Inthecourseoflongexperience

B.Onaccountoffinancialdifficulties

C.Withtheviewofenrichingthepeople

D.Inthelightofeconomicreckoning

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞義辨析。Inthelongrun表示“從長遠看”;A項Inthecourseoflongexperience“在長期經(jīng)驗的過程中”,B項Onaccountoffinancialdifficulties“因為財政困難”,C項Withtheviewofenrichingthepeople“以富民的觀點”,D項Inthelightofeconomicreckoning“根據(jù)經(jīng)濟計算”。句意:從長遠來看,統(tǒng)一且更簡單的新系統(tǒng)將節(jié)省資金。因此A項正確。

13.單選題

Questions16to18arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

問題1選項

A.Similarityininterests.

B.Mentalstimulation.

C.Openness.

D.Compassion.

問題2選項

A.Thewillingnesstooffertimelyhelp.

B.Thejoyfoundineachother’scompany.

C.Personalbonds.

D.Emotionalfactors.

問題3選項

A.Failuretokeepapromise.

B.Lackoffrankness.

C.Feelingsofbetrayal.

D.Lossofcontact.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

【解析】RecordingOne

Qualitiesofarelationshipsuchasopenness,compassion,andmentalstimulation,areofconcerntomostofusregardlessofsex.Butjudgingfromthequestionnaireresponse,they’remoreimportanttowomenthantomen.Askedtoconsidertheingredientsofclosefriendship,womenratedthesequalitiesaboveallothers.[16]Menassignedalowerprioritytotheminfavorofsimilarityininterests,selectedby77%ofmen,andresponsivenessinacrisis,chosenby61%ofmalerespondents.Mentalstimulation,rankedthirdinpopularitybymenaswellaswomen,wastheonlyareaofoverlap.Amongmen,only28%namedopennessasanimportantquality;caringwaspickedbyjust23%.

[17]Itisevidentbytheirselectionsthatwhenwomenspeakofclosefriendships,they’rereferringtoemotionalfactors,whilemenemphasizethepleasuretheyfindinafriend’scompany.Thatis,whenamanspeaksof“afriend”,heislikelytobetalkingaboutsomeonehedoesthingswith—ateammate,afellowhobbyist,adrinkingbuddy.Theseactivitiesarethefabricofthefriendship.Itisa“doing”relationshipinwhichsimilarityininterestsisthekeybond.Thisfactorwasaconsiderationoflessthan11%ofwomen.Womenoptforawarmemotionalatmospherewherecommunicationflowsfreely;activityismerebackground.

Lastly,men,aswehaveseen,haveseriousquestionsabouteachother’sloyalty.Perhapsthisiswhytheyplacedsuchstrongemphasisonresponsivenessinacrisis—someoneIcancallonforhelp.Women,astheirtestimoniesindicate,aregenerallymoresecurewitheachotherandconsequentlyaremorelikelytotreatthisissuelightly.Infollow-upinterviews,thiswasconfirmednumeroustimesaswomanafterwomanindicatedthatbeingtherewhenneededwastakenforgranted.[18]Asforthehazardsoffriendship,morethanafewrelationshipshavebeenshatteredbecauseofcutthroatcompetitionandfeelingsofbetrayal.Thisappliestobothmenandwomen,butunequally.Incomparison,nearlytwiceasmanymencomplainedabouttheseissuesaswomen.Further,whilecompetitionandbetrayalarethemainthornstofemalefriendship,menareplaguedinalmostequalamountsbytwoadditionalissues:lackoffranknessandafearofappearingunmanly.Obviously,foraman,agoodfriendshipishardtofind.

16.Whatqualitydomenvaluemostconcerningfriendshipaccordingtoaquestionnaireresponse?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】題目問男性在友誼方面最看重什么品質(zhì)?錄音開頭提到,男性更傾向于尋找興趣上的相似性(infavorofsimilarityininterests),A選項“興趣上的相似性”與原文表述相符,因此正確。B選項“精神鼓勵”;C選項“率真,開放”和D選項“同情心”雖然在錄音中有所涉及,但只是說女性比男性更加看重這些品質(zhì),而男性認為這些都不是最重要的(Menassignedalowerprioritytothem),他們優(yōu)先考慮的是興趣上的相似性。因此均可排除。

17.Whatdowomenrefertowhenspeakingofclosefriendships?

【試題答案】D

【試題解析】題目問的是女性對于親密友誼的看法。錄音中明確提到,當女性說起親密友誼時,她們指的是情感因素(emotionalfactors),D選項“情感因素”是錄音原文的復現(xiàn),因此正確。A選項“愿意及時提供幫助”在錄音中沒有提及;B項“在彼此陪伴下找到的快樂”,這是男性的看法,因此排除;C選項“個人紐帶”,利用錄音中的bond制造干擾,錄音中說的是興趣上的相似性是友誼的關鍵紐帶,只有不到11%的女性考慮到了這一因素,選項與原文表述不符,因此排除。

18.Whatmaythreatenafriendshipforbothmenandwomen?

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】題目問有什么因素對于男性和女性來說都會威脅到友誼?錄音后半部分提到,很多關系都因為激烈的競爭和被背叛的感覺而破裂,這一點對男性和女性都適用,因此C選項“背叛的感覺”正確。A選項“沒有信守諾言”和D選項“失去聯(lián)系”在錄音中沒有提及;B選項“缺乏坦率”,這只是男性關系中面臨的問題之一,并沒有說女性之間也有類似問題,與題干不符,因此排除。

14.單選題

Nearlyalltreeshaveseedsthatfalltotheearth,takeroot,andeventually().

問題1選項

A.generatenewseeds

B.newseedsgenerated

C.generatesnewseeds

D.newseedsaregenerated

【答案】A

【解析】考查語法知識。本句的that用來引導定語從句修飾先行詞seeds,定語從句中有三個并列的動作:fall,takeroot,generate;三個動作形式保持一致,因此A選項符合題意。

15.翻譯題

A.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.

Theairwebreatheissofreelyavailablethatwetakeitforgranted.Yetwithoutitwecouldnotsurvivemorethanafewminutes.Forthemostpart,thesameairisavailabletoeveryone,andeveryoneneedsit.Somepeopleusetheairtosustainthemwhiletheysitaroundandfeelsorryforthemselves.Othersbreatheintheairandusetheenergyitprovidestomakeamagnificentlifeforthemselves.

Opportunityisthesameway.Itiseverywhere.Opportunityissofreelyavailablethatwetakeitforgranted.Yetopportunityaloneisnotenoughtocreatesuccess.Opportunitymustbeseizedandacteduponinordertohavevalue.Somanypeoplearesoanxiousto“getin”ona“groundflooropportunity’’,asiftheopportunitywilldoallthework.That’simpossible.Justasyouneedairtobreathe,youneedopportunitytosucceed.Ittakesmorethanjustbreathinginthefreshairofopportunity,however.Youmustmakeuseofthatopportunity.That’snotuptotheopportunity.That’suptoyou.Itdoesn’tmatterwhat“floor”theopportunityison.Whatmattersiswhatyoudowithit.

B.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.

如果失敗了你會怎么做?很多人可能會選擇放棄。然而,要想成功,最可靠的方法就是堅持你的方向和目標。在通往成功的路上,你必須堅持你的方向。它就像一盞燈,在黑暗中為你指路,幫助你度過難關。否則,你很容易就會迷失方向或猶豫不前。方向意味著目標,人生如果沒有目標,將一事無成。你可以試著把你的目標寫在紙上,并制定實現(xiàn)目標的計劃。這樣,你就會懂得如何合理安排時間,如何正確地支配時間。而且你還要有這樣的信念:只要你一直堅持自己的方向,你就一定可以成功。

【答案】A.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.

【參考譯文】

我們所呼吸的空氣觸手可及,以至于我們將其視為理所當然。然而,倘若沒有空氣,我們只能存活幾分鐘。大多數(shù)情況下,每個人都能呼吸到同樣的空氣,也都需要空氣。有的人一邊坐著自怨自艾,一邊又呼吸空氣來維持生命。另一些人卻呼吸空氣,并利用空氣提供的能量為自己創(chuàng)造美好的生活。

機遇也是如此。它無處不在。機遇是如此唾手可得,以至于我們將其當作理所當然。然而,只有機遇不足以創(chuàng)造成功。為了讓機遇有價值,必須抓住機遇并采取行動。很多人都急于抓住“先機”,好像抓住機遇就會一勞永逸,這是不可能的。正如你需要空氣來呼吸一樣,你也需要獲得成功的機遇。然而,成功不僅僅是呼吸到機遇的新鮮空氣。你必須利用所獲得的機遇。對機遇的利用不取決于機遇,而取決于你。機遇處于什么“階段”不重要,最重要的是你如何利用它。

B.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.

【參考譯文】

Whatwouldyoudoifyoufailed?Manypeoplemaychoosetogiveup.However,thereliablewaytosuccessistoadheretoyourdirectionandgoal.Onthewaytosuccess,youmustkeepyourdirection.Itisjustlikealamp,guidingyouindarknessandhelpingyoupullthough.Otherwise,youwilleasilygetlostorhangback.Directionmeansgoals.Nothingcanbedonewithoutagoalinyourlife.Youcantrytowritedownyourgoalsandmakesomeplanstoachievethem.Inthisway,youwillknowhowtoarrangeanduseyourtimeproperly.Furthermore,youshouldhaveabeliefthatyouaresuretosucceedaslongasyoukeepyourdirectionallthetime.

16.單選題

()ofover5%areattractiveifthedollarreallyisgoingtostabilize.

問題1選項

A.Manufactures

B.Yields

C.Creating

D.Receiving

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項Manufactures“產(chǎn)品”;B選項Yields“生產(chǎn)量,收益”;C選項Creating“創(chuàng)造”;D選項Receiving“接受”。句意:如果美元真的要穩(wěn)定下來,超過5%的_____率是有吸引力的。根據(jù)邏輯,前半句講到要穩(wěn)定下來,那么之后說的應該也是“收益率”,因此B選項符合題意。

17.單選題

Heleftthehouse______unawarethathewasstillwearinghispajamas.

問題1選項

A.assiduously

B.blithely

C.perfunctorily

D.domestically

【答案】C

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A項assiduously“刻苦地,勤勉地”,B項blithely“快活地,無憂無慮地”,C項perfunctorily“敷衍地,潦草地,表面地”,D項domestically“國內(nèi)地,家庭式地,適合國內(nèi)地”。由句子意思“他離開了家_______沒有意識到他還穿著睡衣”可知,空格處應該填入副詞修飾unaware,四個選項中只有C項符合語境。句意:他若無其事地離開了家,沒有意識到他還穿著睡衣。因此,該題選擇C項正確。

18.單選題

Thisdocumentis(

)unlessitisofficiallystamped.

問題1選項

A.invalid

B.acute

C.deliberate

D.confidential

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。invalid“無效的”;acute“嚴重的”;deliberate“故意的”;confidential“機密的,保密的”。句意:這份文件除非有官方蓋章,否則就是無效的。由后半句unless…這個條件可知A項正確。

19.單選題

Eveniftheyareonsale,theserefrigeratorsareequalinpriceto,ifnotmoreexpensivethan,()attheotherstore.

問題1選項

A.anyone

B.theothers

C.theones

D.that

【答案】C

【解析】考查不定代詞。句意:即使減價出售,這些冰箱的價格即使不比另一家商店的貴,價格也是一樣的。根據(jù)句意可知填空處所指代的應該是refrigerators,代詞one可以用來替代前面提到過的名詞,以避免重復。而這里使用的是冰箱的復數(shù)形式,所以也要用復數(shù)的ones來指代,并且refrigerators是上文已經(jīng)提及的,表示特指,所以要加上定冠詞the,選項C正確。

20.單選題

Some4,000privateimporters,exportersandwholesalerswerenationalizedand(

)intoahugegovernmentmonopoly,theStateTradingCorp.

問題1選項

A.incorporated

B.inclined

C.resigned

D.resorted

【答案】A

【解析】incorporateinto并入;其他選項都不與into搭配,而是一般與to搭配。句意:約4,000家私營進出口商和批發(fā)商被收歸國有,并被并入一家大型的政府壟斷企業(yè)——國有貿(mào)易公司。選項A符合句意。

21.單選題

Thetrainclatteredoverpointsandpassedthroughastation.

Thenitbegansuddenlytoslowdown,presumablyinobediencetoasignal.Forsomeminutesitcrawledalong,thenstopped;presentlyitbegantomoveforwardagain.Anotherup-trainpassedthem,thoughwithlessvehemencethanthefirstone.Thetraingatheredspeedagain.Atthatmomentanothertrain,alsoonadown-line,swervedinwardstowardsthem,foramomentwithalmostalarmingeffect.Foratimethetwotrainsranparallel,nowonegainingalittle,nowtheother.Mrs.McGillicuddylookedfromherwindowthroughthewindowsoftheparallelcarriages.Mostoftheblindsweredown,butoccasionallytheoccupantsofthecarriageswerevisible.Theothertrainwasnotveryfullandthereweremanyemptycarriages.

Atthemomentwhenthetwotrainsgavetheillusionofbeingstationary,ablindinoneofthecarriagesflewupwithasnap.Mrs.McGillicuddy,lookedintothelightedfirst-classcarriagethatwasonlyafewfeetaway.

Thenshedrewherbreathinwithagaspandhalf-rosetoherfeet.

Standingwithhisbacktothewindowandtoherwasaman.Hishandswereroundthethroatofawomanwhofacedhim,andhewasslowly,remorselessly,stranglingher.Hereyeswerestartingfromtheirsockets,herfacewaspurple.AsMrs.McGillicuddywatched,fascinated,theendcame;thebodywentlimpandcrumpledintheman’shands.

Atthesamemoment,Mrs.McGillicuddy’strainsloweddownagainandtheotherbegantogainspeed.Itpassedforwardandamomentortwolaterithadvanishedironsight.

AlmostautomaticallyMrs.McGillicuddy'shandwentuptothecommunicationcord,thenpaused,irresolute.Afterall,whatusewoulditberingingthecordofthetraininwhichshewastravelling?Thehonorofwhatshehadseenatsuchclosequarters,andtheunusualcircumstances,madeherfeelparalyzed.Someimmediateactionwasnecessary—butwhat?

Thedoorofhercompartmentwasdrawnbackandaticketcollectorsaid,“Ticket,please”.

1.WhenMrs.McGillicuddy’strainpassedthroughastation,it(

).

2.Mrs.McGillicuddyseemstobea(n)person

).

3.Whatshesawintheparalleltrainmadeherfeel

).

4.Shedidn’tringthecommunicationcordimmediatelybecause(

).

問題1選項

A.gainedspeedsuddenly

B.keptitsusualspeed

C.changeditsspeed

D.stoppedimmediately

問題2選項

A.observant

B.interested

C.nosy

D.nervous

問題3選項

A.excited

B.anxious

C.worried

D.horrified

問題4選項

A.shewasverymuchafraid

B.therewasnopointofdoingso

C.shewastooshockedtomove

D.theticketcollectorcamein

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“當McGillicuddy太太乘坐的火車經(jīng)過車站時,這輛火車……”。文章第二段第一句提到“它突然變慢了,好像在遵循什么信號”(Thenitbegansuddenlytoslowdown,presumablyinobediencetoasignal),選項C“改變速度”符合題意。

2.推理判斷題。題目問的是“McGillicuddy太太看起來是一個……的人”。文章第二段提到“McGillicuddy太太透過她的窗戶看向?qū)γ婊疖嚒保∕rs.McGillicuddylookedfromherwindowthroughthewindowsoftheparallelcarriages),接下來描寫了她看到的內(nèi)容,由此可以推斷出她是一個善于觀察的人。選項A符合題意。

3.推理判斷題。題目問的是“她看到對面火車上的情形時,感覺……”。文章第四段提到“她吸了一口氣,半蹲著”(Thenshedrewherbreathinwithagaspandhalf-rosetoherfeet);第五段提到“當她看到這些時,被嚇得動彈不得,終于熬到結(jié)束”(AsMrs.McGillicuddywatched,fascinated,theendcame),由此可以看出她非常害怕,選項D符合題意。

4.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“她沒有立刻拉警報索,是因為……”。文章最后一段提到“畢竟,拉警報鎖又有什么用呢?”(Afterall,whatusewoulditberingingthecordofthetraininwhichshewastravelling),選項B“這樣做沒有意義”符合題意。

22.翻譯題

Readingisfun,notbecausethewriteristellingyousomething,butbecauseitmakesyourmindwork.Yourownimaginationworksalongwiththeauthor’sorevengoesbeyondhis.Yourexperience,comparedwithhis,bringsyoutothesameordifferentconclusions,andyourideasdevelopasyouunderstandthis.

Everybookstandsbyitself,likeaone-familyhouse,butbooksinalibraryarelikehousesinacity.Althoughtheyareseparate,togethertheyalladduptosomething;theyareconnectedwitheachotherandwithothercities.Thesameideas,orrelatedones,turnupindifferentplaces;thehumanproblemsthatrepeatthemselvesinliferepeatthemselvesinliterature,butwithdifferentsolutionsaccordingtodifferentwritingsatdifferenttimes.

【答案】閱讀之所以有趣,并不是因為作者在向你講述什么,而是由于閱讀使你積極地思考。在作者的引導之下,你的想象力任意馳騁,甚至超越作者的想象。對比作者的經(jīng)歷,你會得出自己的結(jié)論,可能相同,也可能相悖。而你的想法會隨著你的理解而發(fā)展。

每一本書籍都獨立存在,就像獨門獨戶的房子,而圖書館中的書籍卻像城市中的建筑。盡管它們各自獨立,但卻共同構(gòu)成一個整體。它們之間彼此相連,而且也與其他城市相互聯(lián)系。相同或者相關的想法在不同的地方出現(xiàn)。人類在生活中反復出現(xiàn)的問題在文學中也重復出現(xiàn),但在不同的時代、不同的作品中解決的辦法各不相同。

23.不定項選擇題

Theenergycontainedinrockwithintheearth’scrustrepresentsanearlyunlimitedenergysource,butuntilrecentlycommercialretrievalhasbeenlimitedtoundergroundhotwaterand/orsteamrecoverysystems.These-systemshavebeendevelopedinareasofrecentvolcanicactivity,where,highratesofheatflowcausevisibleeruptionofwaterintheformofgeysersandhotsprings.Inotherareas,however,hotrockalsoexistsnearthesurfacebutthereisinsufficientwaterpresenttoproduceeruptivephenomena.Thusapotentialhotdryrock(HDR)reservoirexistswhenevertheamountofspontaneouslyproducedgeothermalfluidhasbeenjudgedinadequateforexistingcommercialsystems.

Asaresultoftherecentenergycrisis,newconceptsforcreatingHDRrecoverysystems—whichinvolvedrillingholesandconnectingthemtoartificialreservoirsplaceddeepwithinthecrust—arebeingdeveloped.InallattemptstoretrieveenergyfromHDR’s,artificialstimulationwillberequiredtocreateeithersufficientpermeabilityorboundedflowpathstofacilitatetheremovalofheatbycirculationofafluidoverthesurfaceoftherock.

TheHDRresourcebaseisgenerallydefinedtoincludecrustalrockthatishotterthan150℃,isatdepthslessthantenkilometers,andcanbedrilledwithpresentlyavailableequipment.Althoughwellsdeeperthantenkilometersaretechnicallyfeasible,prevailingeconomicfactorswillobviouslydeterminethecommercialfeasibilityofwellsatsuchdepths.Rocktemperaturesaslowas100°Cmaybeusefulforspaceheating;however,forproducingelectricity,temperaturesgreaterthan200°Caredesirable.

Thegeothermalgradient,whichspecificallydeterminesthedepthofdrillingrequiredtoreachadesiredtemperature,isamajorfactorintherecoverabilityofgeothermalresources.TemperaturegradientmapsgeneratedfromoilandgaswelltemperaturedepthrecordskeptbytheAmericanAssociationofPetroleumGeologistssuggestthattappablehigh-temperaturegradientsaredistributedallacrosstheUnitedStates.(Therearemanyareas,however,forwhichnotemperaturegradientrecordsexist.)

IndicationsarethattheHDRresourcebaseisverylarge.Ifanaveragegeothermaltemperaturegradientof22°Cperkilometerofdepthisused,astaggering13,000,000quadrillionB.T.U.’softotalenergyarecalculatedtobecontainedincrustalrocktoatenkilometerdepthintheUnitedStates.Ifweconservativelyestimatethatonlyabout0.2percentisrecoverable,wefindatotalthatiscomparabletotheestimatedresourcebaseofallthecoalremainingintheUnitedStates.Theremainingproblemistobalancetheeconomicsofdeeper,hotter,morecostlywellsandshallower,cooler,lessexpensivewellsagainstthevalueofthefinalproduct,electricityand/orheat.

8.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto().

9.Thepassagewouldbemostlikelytoappearina().

10.Accordingtopassage,anaveragegeothermalgradientof22°Cperkilometerofdepthcanbeusedto().

11.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheavailabilityoftemperature-depthrecordsforanyspecificareasintheUnitedStatesdependsprimarilyonthe().

12.Accordingtothepassage,inallHDRrecoverysystemsfluidwillbenecessaryinordertoallow().

13.Accordingtothepassage,iftheaveragegeothermalgradientinanarea22°Cperkilometerofdepth,whichofthefollowingcanbereliablypredicted?

I.Thetemperatureatthebaseofa10-kilometerwellwillbesufficientfortheproductionofelectricity.

II.Drillingofwellsdeeperthan10kilometerswillbeeconomicallyfeasible.

III.Insufficientwaterispresenttoproduceemotivephenomena.

14.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethemostappropriatetitleforthepassage?

問題1選項

A.alertreaderstotheexistenceofHDRsasanavailableenergysource

B.documentthechallengesthathavebeensurmountedintheefforttorecoverenergyfromHDRs

C.warntheusersofcoalandoilthatHDRsarenotaneconomicallyfeasiblealternative

D.encouragetheuseofnewtechniquesfortherecoveryofenergyfromundergroundhotwaterandsteam

E.urgeconsumerstodemandquickerdevelopmentofHDRresourcesfortheproductionofenergy

問題2選項

A.petrologicalresearchreportfocusedonthehistoryoftemperature-depthrecordsintheUnitedStates

B.congressionalreporturgingtheconservationofoilandnaturalgasresentsintheUnitedStates

C.technicaljournalarticleconcernedwiththerecoverabilityof

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