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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-中國(guó)傳媒大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買!第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題
Youshouldbuytheshirtonesizelargerthanyouusuallywear,becausethismaterial______whenyouwashesit.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.decreases
B.expands
C.shrinks
D.diminishes
【答案】C
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)decrease“減少,減小,降低”,B項(xiàng)expand“擴(kuò)張,使膨脹”,C項(xiàng)shrink“(使)縮小,(使)收縮,(衣服、布料)縮水”,D項(xiàng)diminish“減少,縮小”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息onesizelargerthanyouusuallywear“比平時(shí)穿的大一號(hào)”,結(jié)合空格前的詞語(yǔ)material“材料”可知,空格處填入shrink“縮水”符合語(yǔ)境。句意:你應(yīng)該買一件比你平時(shí)穿的大一號(hào)的襯衫,因?yàn)檫@種布料洗時(shí)會(huì)縮水。因此,該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。
2.單選題
Althoughheisinhisfifties,his(
)armsareaspowerfulasthoseofayoungman.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.energetic
B.gigantic
C.muscular
D.effective
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。energetic“精力充沛的”;gigantic“巨大的,龐大的”;muscular“肌肉的,強(qiáng)健的”;effective“有效的”。句意:盡管他已經(jīng)五十多歲了,他充滿肌肉的手臂像年輕人一樣充滿力量。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。
3.翻譯題
TranslatethefollowingintoChinese
Itwouldbewrongtoidentifytherealwomanwiththetypicalwildonewho,afteradifficultchildhood,haslefthomeearlytolivebyherwitsattheexpenseofmen.Thewildwomanisincapableeitheroffriendshipforotherwomenwhomshecannotfailtoregardasrivals,orofloveforaman,herdeclaredenemy.Butatleastshekeepshereyesopenandridiculestheviewthatwomenmustenthusiasticallyacceptthisgloriousmodemworldofplentybestowedonthembytheirhard-workingmenfolk,andthattheyenjoybeingpassionatelysweptofftheirfeetandafterwardstreatedwithamusedindulgence.Therewasnever,ofcourse,anytruthinthecomic-striplegendofaprimitivehe-manwhowouldgrabhiswomanbythehair,threatenherwithaknobbedclubifsherefusedhisadvancesandhaulheroffpuntingecstaticallytohiscave.
Throughallofourhistorywehaveponderedthestarsandmusedwhetherhumanityisuniqueorif,somewhereelseinthedarkofthenightsky,thereareanyotherbeingswhocontemplateandwonderaswedo,fellowthinkersinthecosmos.Suchbeingsmightviewthemselvesandtheuniversedifferently.Theremightbeveryexoticbiologiesandtechnologiesandsocieties.Inacosmicsettingvastandoldbeyondordinaryhumanunderstanding,wearealittlelonely,andwepondertheultimatesignificance,ifany,ofourtinybutexquisiteblueplanet.Thesearchforextraterrestrialintelligenceisthesearchforagenerallyacceptablecosmiccontextforthehumanspecies.Inthedeepestsense,thesearchforextraterrestrialintelligenceisasearchforourselves.Alongwiththegrowingdedicationtoaserioussearch,aslightlynegativenotehasemergedwhichisneverthelessveryinteresting.Afewscientistshavelatelyaskedacuriousquestion:ifextraterrestrialintelligenceisabundant,whyhavewenotalreadyseenitsmanifestations?
【答案】將一個(gè)真正的女人和一個(gè)典型的瘋狂的女兒相提并論是錯(cuò)誤的。在經(jīng)歷苦難的童年后,她早早離開家,在沒有男人的情況下,憑借自己的智慧生存。瘋狂的女人既不能與她視為對(duì)手的其他女人建立友誼,也不能與她宣稱為敵人的男人產(chǎn)生愛情。但她至少讓自己保持清醒,嘲笑這樣兩種觀點(diǎn):一種是女性必須熱情地接受這個(gè)由辛勤工作的男性同胞賦予她們的豐富多彩的現(xiàn)代世界;另一種是她們喜歡熱情地被人迷得神魂顛倒,然后被以開心的放縱方式對(duì)待。當(dāng)然,在連環(huán)畫里一個(gè)野蠻的男人在女人拒絕他的追求后,抓住她的頭發(fā)并用一個(gè)圓頭棍子威脅她,然后欣喜地把她拉到他的洞穴里去。
在歷史長(zhǎng)河中,我們一直在思考星辰,思考人類是否是獨(dú)一無(wú)二的,或者是否有其他的生命,宇宙中的思考者在夜空下思索同樣的問題。這些人可能會(huì)以不同的視角看待自己和宇宙??赡軙?huì)有外來(lái)的生物、技術(shù)和社會(huì)。在普通人類無(wú)法理解的浩瀚而又古老的宇宙中,我們有點(diǎn)孤獨(dú),我們思索著這微小而又精致的藍(lán)色星球的終極意義。對(duì)地外文明的探索是人類普遍接受的對(duì)宇宙環(huán)境的探索。從最深層次的意義上來(lái)說(shuō),對(duì)地外文明的探索就是對(duì)我們自己的探索。隨著越來(lái)越多的人投入到這個(gè)嚴(yán)肅的探索中,一個(gè)稍微消極的聲音出現(xiàn)了,但是這樣的探索依然很有趣。最近少數(shù)科學(xué)家提出了一個(gè)奇怪的問題:如果地外文明豐富多彩,為什么我們現(xiàn)在還沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)端倪?
4.單選題
Firstthegoodnews:9in10peoplesaidtheyweresatisfiedwiththeirjobsorworkthattheydo-andthatremainedsteadythroughout2008,despitetheeconomy.Andnowthebad,evenifitsnotsosurprising:Thenumberofpeoplewhosaidtheiremployerreducedthesizeoftheworkforcerosedramaticallyduringtheyear,from15%inthefirstquarterto23%inthefourthquarter.
That’saccordingtoasurveyfromGallupandhealthmanagementcompanyHealthways.Nearlyeachdayin2008,about1,000adultswereaskedabouttheirphysical,emotional,economicandworkplacewell-being.Whenitcametotheirworkenvironment,manyofthe355,334peoplesurveyedbyphonewerepositive.Butthereweresomelaborpains.
Just47%ofrespondentsfromHawaiisaidtheyweresatisfiedwiththeirjobs,usedtheirstrengthsatwork,weretreatedbyasupervisorasapartnerandworkedinan“open,trustingenvironment”.Thatwasthelowestscoreofanystateonaworkenvironmentindexthatwascompiledbycalculatingpositiveresponsesinthosefourareas.Utahnabbedtophonors,with59%ofitsrespondentssayingthosefourelementswereprevalentinworklives.AmongthebiggestdifferencesbetweenUtahandHawaii:73%ofUtahrespondentssaidtheirsupervisorcreatedatrustingenvironment,whileonly58%offolksinHawaiifeltthatway.Thenationalaveragewas65%.TheGallup—HealthwaysAHIPCongressionalReportdidn’tofferanyinsightsintowhyUtahruledandHawaiirankedsopoorlyontheworkplacefront.
Hawaii’sresidentstooktheNo.1slotinanothertwosurveyareas,emotionalhealthandlivingconditions.“Maybehavingajobwhileyou’reinparadisemaynotbeallthatgreat,”saysJimHarter,achiefscientistofworkplaceandwell-beingatGallup.
Utahhasdonewellinseparateworkplacestudies,aswell.Afterconsideringfactorssuchasunemploymentrate,jobgrowth,incomegrowth,medianhouseholdincomeandthecostofliving,Moody’sEnameditscapital,SaltLakeCity,thebestU.S.citytoworkinfor2007and2008.Butthoseglorydayshavefaded,saysGusFaucher,Moody’sEdirectorofmacroeconomics.Utah’shousingboomturnedintoabustlaterthanmoststates.ThenationalrecessionbeganinDecember2007,accordingtotheNationalBureauofEconomicResearch.SaltLakeCity’srecessionbeganinNovember2008,accordingtoMoody’sE.
Fromanon-economicangle,FauchersayshecanseewhyUtahwouldearnstrongmarksontheworkfront.“ThestateisreallyMormon,sothereisasenseofsolidarity”amongmanyemployees,hesays.“Peoplefeelveryconnectedtoeachother.”Also,withitshighbirthrate,Utahhasarobustpopulationofyoungeremployeeswhooftenaddenthusiasmtotheworkplace,Fauchersays.That’sthecaseattheWasatchMusicCoachingAcademyinSaltLakeCity,schoolownerDavidMurphysays.Mostinstructorsarebetween22and35yearsoldandareextremelypassionateandexcitedaboutteachingstudents,hesays.Murphy,52,whosayshehasa“dream”job,takesacollaborativeapproachinmanagingallstaffers,“Iseemyselfworkingsidebysidewithmystaff,notovermystaff.”
1.Whatcanweinferfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?
2.FromParagraph4,wecaninferallofthefollowingEXCEPTthat______.
3.TheauthormentionsseveralfactorsthatwillaffectthehappinessofpeopleEXCEPT:______.
4.Whichofthefollowingiscorrectaccordingtothepassage?
5.WhycouldUtahearnstrongmarksontheworkfront?
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.Theeconomyof2008wasstillsteady.
B.Morepeoplehadtochangetheirjobs.
C.FromJan.toApr.,about54,000peoplelosttheirjobs.
D.Mostofthepeoplesurveyedfelthopeless.
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.Hawaii’sresidentsmayfeelmorerelaxed
B.theword“paradise”mayrefertoHawaii
C.peoplemaypreferlivinginHawaiitoworkingthere
D.JimHartermaybeascientistinHawaii
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.Physicalhealth
B.Psychologicalcondition
C.Placestheycomefrom
D.Workingenvironment
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.SaltLakeCityisthebestplacetoworkinforever.
B.Utah’seconomyneverencounteredrecession.
C.Hawaiiisabestplaceforentertainmentandwork.
D.ManycitiesintheUnitedStateshaveencounteredeconomicdepression.
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.Thesenseofsolidarityandpassionsofyoungemployees.
B.Goodregulationssetbythegovernment.
C.Favoriteclimate.
D.Goodgeographicallocation.
【答案】第1題:B
第2題:D
第3題:C
第4題:D
第5題:A
【解析】1.【試題答案】B
【試題解析】推理判斷題。A選項(xiàng)“2008年的經(jīng)濟(jì)保持穩(wěn)定”,可以定位到文章第一段第一句9in10peoplesaidtheyweresatisfiedwiththeirjobsorworkthattheydo-andthatremainedsteadythroughout2008.(90%的人說(shuō)他們對(duì)自己的工作或目前的工作感到滿意,而且在整個(gè)2008年這一比例都保持穩(wěn)定),2008年,90%對(duì)工作滿意度呈平穩(wěn)趨勢(shì),可排除A選項(xiàng)。B選項(xiàng)“更多的人不得不換工作”,可以定位到文章第一段最后一句Thenumberofpeoplewhosaidtheiremployerreducedthesizeoftheworkforcerosedramaticallyduringtheyear,from15%inthefirstquarterto23%inthefourthquarter.(今年,聲稱雇主裁員的人數(shù)大幅上升,從第一季度的15%上升到第四季度的23%),雇主削減了勞動(dòng)力規(guī)模的人數(shù)在今年大幅上升,可以推測(cè)更多的人不得不更換工作,B選項(xiàng)正確。C選項(xiàng)“從1月到4月,大約有54000人失業(yè)”,文章沒有提到這個(gè)內(nèi)容,可排除。D選項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)接受調(diào)查的人感到絕望”,文章提到許多人對(duì)工作環(huán)境持肯定態(tài)度,因此大多數(shù)人不會(huì)感到絕望,可排除D選項(xiàng)。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。
2.【試題答案】D
【試題解析】推理判斷題。由題干我們可以定位到文章第四段。D選項(xiàng)“吉姆?哈特可能是夏威夷的科學(xué)家”,文章第四段沒有提到此內(nèi)容,D選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“夏威夷的居民可能會(huì)感到更放松”,可以定位到第四段第一句Hawaii’sresidentstooktheNo.1slotinanothertwosurveyareas,emotionalhealthandlivingconditions.(夏威夷居民在情緒健康和生活條件這兩個(gè)調(diào)查領(lǐng)域也名列榜首),文章所說(shuō)夏威夷居民在情緒健康和生活條件這兩個(gè)調(diào)查領(lǐng)域也名列榜首,也就是夏威夷的居民會(huì)感到放松,A選項(xiàng)排除。B選項(xiàng)“天堂這個(gè)詞可能指的是夏威夷”,可以定位到文章第四段第二句Maybehavingajobwhileyou’reinparadisemaynotbeallthatgreat.(在天堂擁有一份工作可能不是那么地好),可以推測(cè)天堂也就是代指前面的夏威夷,B選項(xiàng)可排除。C選項(xiàng)“人們可能更喜歡住在夏威夷而不是在那里工作”,可以定位到文章第四段第二句Maybehavingajobwhileyou’reinparadisemaynotbeallthatgreat.(在天堂擁有一份工作可能不是那么地好),也就是夏威夷不太適合工作,C選項(xiàng)可排除。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。
3.【試題答案】C
【試題解析】判斷推理題。C選項(xiàng)“他們來(lái)自哪里”,文章沒有提到,他們來(lái)自哪里會(huì)影響他們的幸福感,C選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“身體健康”,可以定位到第四段第一句Hawaii’sresidentstooktheNo.1slotinanothertwosurveyareas,emotionalhealthandlivingconditions.(夏威夷居民在情緒健康和生活條件這兩個(gè)調(diào)查領(lǐng)域也名列榜首),情緒健康和生活條件這兩個(gè)調(diào)查領(lǐng)域也名列榜首,也就是身體健康會(huì)影響人們的幸福感,A選項(xiàng)可排除。B選項(xiàng)“心理狀態(tài)”,心理狀態(tài)會(huì)影響人們的幸福感,B選項(xiàng)可排除。D選項(xiàng)“工作環(huán)境”,可以定位到文章第三段第一句Just47%ofrespondentsfromHawaiisaidtheyweresatisfiedwiththeirjobs,usedtheirstrengthsatwork,weretreatedbyasupervisorasapartnerandworkedinan“open,trustingenvironment”(在夏威夷的受訪者中,只有47%的人對(duì)自己的工作感到滿意,在工作中發(fā)揮自己的優(yōu)勢(shì),被上司視為合作伙伴,在一個(gè)“開放、信任的環(huán)境”中工作),文章提到在“開放、信任的環(huán)境”中工作,會(huì)對(duì)工作感到滿意,人們的幸福感也就會(huì)提升,D選項(xiàng)可排除。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。
4.【試題答案】D
【試題解析】判斷推理題。D選項(xiàng)“美國(guó)許多城市都遭遇了經(jīng)濟(jì)蕭條”,文章倒數(shù)第二段倒數(shù)第二句ThenationalrecessionbeganinDecember2007,accordingtotheNationalBureauofEconomicResearch.(根據(jù)美國(guó)國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)研究局的數(shù)據(jù),這場(chǎng)全國(guó)性的衰退始于2007年12月),也就是美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)經(jīng)歷了全國(guó)大蕭條,D選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“鹽湖城永遠(yuǎn)是最好的工作場(chǎng)所”,文章倒數(shù)第二段第五句SaltLakeCity,thebestU.S.citytoworkinfor2007(鹽湖城評(píng)為2007年美國(guó)最適宜工作的城市),沒有提到是永遠(yuǎn)適宜工作的地點(diǎn),A選項(xiàng)可排除。B選項(xiàng)“猶他州的經(jīng)濟(jì)從未遭遇過衰退”,可以定位到文章倒數(shù)第二段倒數(shù)第三句Utah’shousingboomturnedintoabustlaterthanmoststates.(猶他州的房地產(chǎn)泡沫破滅的時(shí)間比大多數(shù)州都晚),但并不是從沒有經(jīng)歷衰退,B選項(xiàng)可排除。C選項(xiàng)“夏威夷是娛樂和工作的最佳場(chǎng)所”,可以定位到文章第四段第二句Maybehavingajobwhileyou’reinparadisemaynotbeallthatgreat.(在天堂擁有一份工作可能不是那么地好),可推測(cè)夏威夷可能不太適合工作,C選項(xiàng)可排除。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。
5.【試題答案】A
【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。通過題干我們可以定位到文章最后一段第四句Also,withitshighbirthrate,Utahhasarobustpopulationofyoungeremployeeswhooftenaddenthusiasmtotheworkplace(此外,由于猶他州的高出生率,年輕員工的數(shù)量也非常多,他們經(jīng)常為工作增添熱情),這也就是猶他州能夠獲得高分的原因。A選項(xiàng)“年輕員工的團(tuán)結(jié)感和激情”符合文章內(nèi)容,A選項(xiàng)正確。B選項(xiàng)“政府制定的良好規(guī)章制度”,文中沒有提到此內(nèi)容,B選項(xiàng)可排除。C選項(xiàng)“最喜歡的氣候”,氣候并不是造成猶他州取得高分的原因,C選項(xiàng)可排除。D選項(xiàng)“地理位置優(yōu)越”,文章沒有提到此內(nèi)容,可排除。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。
5.單選題
AmongtheastronomersofancientGreece,twotheories()concerningtheplaceoftheearthintheuniverse.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.developing
B.indevelopment
C.developed
D.whichtheydeveloped
【答案】C
【解析】語(yǔ)法題。考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,句子主語(yǔ)為twotheories(兩種理論),空格后面的“concerning”為動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞做后置定語(yǔ),因此空格處應(yīng)填入一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,只有C項(xiàng)可做謂語(yǔ)。句意:古希臘的天文學(xué)家創(chuàng)立了兩種關(guān)于地球在宇宙中的位置的理論。
6.單選題
ItisincongruousthatthenumberofBritishinstitutionsofferingMBAcoursesshouldhavegrownby254percentduringaperiodwhentheeconomyhasbeenslidingintodeeperrecession.Optimists,orthosegiventospeed,assumptions,mightthinkitmarveloustohavesucharesourceofbusinessschoolgraduatesreadyfortherecovery.Unfortunately,thereisnowmuchdoubtaboutthevalueofthedegreenotleastamongMBAgraduatesthemselves,sufferingastheyarefromtheeffectsofrecessionandfacingtheprospectofshrinkingmanagementstructures.
Whatwastakensomeyearsagoasaticketofcertainadmissiontosuccessisnowbeingexposedtothescrutinyofcost-consciousemployerswhoseek“can-dos”ratherthan“might-dos”,andwhofeelthatacademiahasnotbeensufficientlyappreciativeoftheneedsofindustryoroftheemployers’possiblecontribution.
Itiscurious,giventhenameofthedegree,thatthereshouldbenoleaguetableforUKbusinessschools;nounanimityaboutwhatthedegreeshouldencompass;andnoagreedsystemofaccreditation.Surelythereissomethingwrong.Onewonderswhereallthetutorsforthismassiveinfusionofbusinessexpertisecamefromandwhyallthismushroomingtookplace.
Perhapscompaniesthatmadelargeinvestmentswouldhavebeenwisertoinvestinalreadyexistingmanagers,perchedanxiouslyontheirowninternalladders.TheInstituteofManagement’s1992survey,whichrevealedthateighty-onepercentofmanagersthoughttheypersonallywouldbemoreeffectiveiftheyreceived-moretraining,suggeststhatthismightbethecase.Thereis,too,thefactthattrainingalonedoesnotmakesuccessfulmanagers.Theyneedtheinherentqualifications.Ofcharacter,adegreeofself-subjugation;and,aboveall,theabilitytocommunicateandlead;moresonow,whenempowermentisabuzzwordthatisatleastgeneratinggenuflections,ifnottotalconviction.
Onecaneasilythinkofpeople,somecomparativelyunlettered,whoarenowlaudedcaptainsofindustry.Wemay,therefore,notneedtobetooconcernedaboutthefallinapplicationsforbusinessschoolplaces,oreventhedoubtaboutMBAs.Theproliferationandsubsequentquestioningmayhavebeenaninevitableevolution.IftheManagementCharterInitiative,nowexploringtheintroductionofaseniormanagementqualification,issuccessful,therewillbeapowerfulcorrective.
Webelievenowthatmanagementisallaboutchange.Onehopestherewillbesomeofthatinrelationshipbetweenmanagementandsciencewithinindustry,currentlycausingconcernandwhichisoverdueforattention.Noonedoubtsthatweneedmorescientistsandinnovationtogiveusanedgeinanincreasinglycompetitiveworld.Ifscientistsfeelthemselvesundervaluedandunder-used,workinginindustrialghettos,thatisnotapromisingauguryforthefuture.Itseemswehavetoresolvethesemisapprehensionsbetweenscienceandindustry.Aboveall,wehavetomakesurethatmanagementisnotitselfsmugaboutitsstatusandthatitdoesnotissuemissionstatementsaboutcommunicationwithoutrealizingattheessenceofitisadialogue.Moreempowermentisrequiredandweshouldstrivetoachieveit.
16.Whatisthewriter’sviewinthereadingpassage?
17.Accordingtothepassage,employers____.
18.Accordingtothepassage____.
19.Inthewriter’sopinion____.
20.Whichoftheinformationistrueaccordingtothepassage?
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.HebelievesthattherearetoomanyMBAs.
B.Hebelievesthatthedegreeisover-valued.
C.Hebelievesthatstandardsareinconsistent.
D.Hebelievesthatthedegreehasdubiousvalue.
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.feelthattheyhavenotbeenconsultedsufficientlyabouttheirneeds
B.considerthatcost-consciousnessisthemostimportantqualification
C.aremoreconcernedaboutthevalueofthedegreethangraduatesthemselves
D.feelthatMBAswillnotbenecessarybecauseofshrinkingmanagementstructures
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.managersneedadegreeandtheabilitytocommunicate
B.trainingneedtobedoneingroupstobesuccessful
C.managerstodaymusthavegoodcommunicationandleadershipskills
D.industrialmanagersdonotneedtowriteletters
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.scienceincreasescompetition
B.scientistsareundervalued
C.themanagementofscienceneedsreassessment
D.managementfeelssmugaboutitsstatus
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.Mostmanagersinterviewedfeltthattheircolleaguesneededmoretraining.
B.Employerstodayarelookingforprovenexperienceratherthanpotentialability.
C.TheManagementCharterInitiativeisanattempttostandardizeMBAs.
D.CompanieswouldhavebenefitedmorefromrecruitingMBAsratherthaninvestingintheirownstaff.
【答案】第1題:C
第2題:D
第3題:C
第4題:A
第5題:B
【解析】16.【選項(xiàng)釋義】
Whatisthewriter’sviewinthereadingpassage?本文中作者的觀點(diǎn)是什么?
A.HebelievesthattherearetoomanyMBAs.A.他認(rèn)為,MBA學(xué)生太多了。
B.Hebelievesthatthedegreeisover-valued.B.他認(rèn)為這個(gè)學(xué)位被高估了。
C.Hebelievesthatstandardsareinconsistent.C.他認(rèn)為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是不一致的。
D.Hebelievesthatthedegreehasdubiousvalue.D.他認(rèn)為這個(gè)學(xué)位的價(jià)值值得懷疑。
【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。
【解題思路】本題詢問的是作者的觀點(diǎn)。原文第3段第2句提到“對(duì)于該程度應(yīng)包含什么內(nèi)容,各方意見不一(nounanimity);也沒有公認(rèn)的認(rèn)證體系(noagreedsystem)”,由此可知,C選項(xiàng)“他認(rèn)為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不一致”表述正確,是作者的觀點(diǎn)。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】
A選項(xiàng)“他認(rèn)為,MBA學(xué)生太多了”,原文并未提及,該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有;
B選項(xiàng)“他認(rèn)為這個(gè)學(xué)位被高估了”,可定位到原文的1段最后一句,該句說(shuō)到“如今,人們對(duì)這個(gè)學(xué)位的價(jià)值產(chǎn)生了很多懷疑,尤其是在MBA畢業(yè)生中(notleastamongMBAgraduatesthemselves)?!庇纱丝傻?,這是別人的觀點(diǎn),而非作者的觀點(diǎn),該選項(xiàng)屬于張冠李戴;
D選項(xiàng)“他認(rèn)為這個(gè)學(xué)位的價(jià)值值得懷疑”,同B選項(xiàng),對(duì)該學(xué)位價(jià)值的懷疑是別人的觀點(diǎn),而非作者的觀點(diǎn),該選項(xiàng)屬于張冠李戴。
17.【選項(xiàng)釋義】
Accordingtothepassage,employers____.根據(jù)文章,雇主____。
A.feelthattheyhavenotbeenconsultedsufficientlyabouttheirneedsA.覺得他們的需求沒有得到充分的咨詢
B.considerthatcost-consciousnessisthemostimportantqualificationB.認(rèn)為成本意識(shí)是最重要的資格
C.aremoreconcernedaboutthevalueofthedegreethangraduatesthemselvesC.比畢業(yè)生本身更關(guān)心學(xué)位的價(jià)值
D.feelthatMBAswillnotbenecessarybecauseofshrinkingmanagementstructuresD.認(rèn)為由于管理結(jié)構(gòu)的萎縮,MBA學(xué)生將不再是必要的
【考查點(diǎn)】判斷推理題。
【解題思路】本題要求選出雇主的觀點(diǎn)。D選項(xiàng)“認(rèn)為由于管理結(jié)構(gòu)的萎縮,MBA學(xué)生將不再是必要的”,可定位到原文第1段最后一句,該句提到“面臨管理結(jié)構(gòu)萎縮的前景,MBA畢業(yè)生們對(duì)該學(xué)位的價(jià)值產(chǎn)生了懷疑”,由此可知,管理結(jié)構(gòu)萎縮,讓MBA學(xué)位的價(jià)值縮水。另外,原文第5段第2句提到,“申請(qǐng)商學(xué)院的人會(huì)下降(fallinapplicationsforbusinessschoolplaces),也會(huì)對(duì)MBA產(chǎn)生懷疑(thedoubtaboutMBAs)”,由此推斷,雇主們不認(rèn)為一定要招MBA的學(xué)生,D選項(xiàng)“認(rèn)為由于管理結(jié)構(gòu)的萎縮,MBA學(xué)生將不再是必要的”表述正確。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】
A選項(xiàng)“覺得他們的需求沒有得到充分的咨詢”,可定位到第2段最后一句,該句提到“學(xué)術(shù)界沒有充分認(rèn)識(shí)到企業(yè)的需要或雇主可能做出的貢獻(xiàn)”,原文并未提到“咨詢”雇主需求的問題,該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有;
B選項(xiàng)“認(rèn)為成本意識(shí)是最重要的資格”,可定位到原文第4段最后一句,該句提到“最重要的是(aboveall),溝通和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力(theabilitytocommunicateandlead)”,由此可知,成本意識(shí)不是最重要的資格,該選項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤;
C選項(xiàng)“比畢業(yè)生本身更關(guān)心學(xué)位的價(jià)值”,可定位到原文的1段最后一句,該句說(shuō)到“如今,人們對(duì)這個(gè)學(xué)位的價(jià)值產(chǎn)生了很多懷疑,尤其是在MBA畢業(yè)生中(notleastamongMBAgraduatesthemselves)。”由此可知,畢業(yè)生最關(guān)心學(xué)位的價(jià)值,該選項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤。
18.【選項(xiàng)釋義】
Accordingtothepassage____.根據(jù)文章____。
A.managersneedadegreeandtheabilitytocommunicateA.管理者需要學(xué)位和溝通能力
B.trainingneedtobedoneingroupstobesuccessfulB.訓(xùn)練需要在小組中進(jìn)行才能取得成功
C.managerstodaymusthavegoodcommunicationandleadershipskillsC.今天的管理者必須有良好的溝通和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力
D.industrialmanagersdonotneedtowritelettersD.工業(yè)管理者不需要寫信
【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。
【解題思路】原文第4段最后兩句,此處提到,“培訓(xùn)本身并不能造就成功的管理者(successfulmanagers)。他們需要內(nèi)在的資質(zhì)(theinherentqualifications)”,“最重要的是(aboveall),溝通和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力(theabilitytocommunicateandlead)”,由此可得,C選項(xiàng)“今天的管理者必須有良好的溝通和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力”表述正確。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】
A選項(xiàng)“管理者需要學(xué)位和溝通能力”,原文是指溝通能力和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力,學(xué)位不那么重要;
B選項(xiàng)“訓(xùn)練需要在小組中進(jìn)行才能取得成功”,原文并未提及,該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有;
D選項(xiàng)“工業(yè)管理者不需要寫信”,根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“l(fā)etters”可定位到第5段第1句,該句提到“一些相對(duì)不太識(shí)字(unlettered)的人,現(xiàn)在被譽(yù)為行業(yè)領(lǐng)袖”,原文指的是“不識(shí)字”,而不是寫信,該選項(xiàng)屬于偷換概念。
19.【選項(xiàng)釋義】
Inthewriter’sopinion____.作者認(rèn)為____。
A.scienceincreasescompetitionA.科學(xué)增加了競(jìng)爭(zhēng)
B.scientistsareundervaluedB.科學(xué)家被低估了
C.themanagementofscienceneedsreassessmentC.科學(xué)的管理需要重新評(píng)估
D.managementfeelssmugaboutitsstatusD.管理層對(duì)自己的地位沾沾自喜
【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。
【解題思路】A選項(xiàng)“科學(xué)增加了競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”,可定位到本文第6段。本段第3句提到“沒有人懷疑,我們需要更多的科學(xué)家和創(chuàng)新(morescientistsandinnovation),讓我們?cè)诟?jìng)爭(zhēng)日益激烈的(increasinglycompetitive)世界中占據(jù)優(yōu)勢(shì)(giveusanedge)。”由此可知,作者認(rèn)為
科學(xué)有利于在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中占據(jù)優(yōu)勢(shì),A選項(xiàng)表述正確。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】
B選項(xiàng)“科學(xué)家被低估了”,可定位到原文第6段。本段第4句提到“如果科學(xué)家們覺得自己被低估(Ifscientistsfeelthemselvesundervalued)……”,由此可知,這只是作者的假設(shè),并不是作者的觀點(diǎn),該選項(xiàng)屬于過度推理;
C選項(xiàng)“科學(xué)的管理需要重新評(píng)估”,原文并未提及,該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有;
D選項(xiàng)“管理層對(duì)自己的地位沾沾自喜”,可定位到原文第6段。本段倒數(shù)第2句提到“最重要的是,我們必須確保管理層本身不會(huì)對(duì)自己的地位沾沾自喜(managementisnotitselfsmugaboutitsstatus)”,因此,選項(xiàng)表述并非作者觀點(diǎn)。
20.【選項(xiàng)釋義】
Whichoftheinformationistrueaccordingtothepassage?根據(jù)文章,哪些信息是正確的?
A.Mostmanagersinterviewedfeltthattheircolleaguesneededmoretraining.A.大多數(shù)接受采訪的管理人員認(rèn)為,他們的同事需要更多的培訓(xùn)。
B.Employerstodayarelookingforprovenexperienceratherthanpotentialability.B.現(xiàn)在的雇主更看重的是經(jīng)驗(yàn)而不是潛在的能力。
C.TheManagementCharterInitiativeisanattempttostandardizeMBAs.C.管理憲章倡議是對(duì)MBA課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化的一次嘗試。
D.CompanieswouldhavebenefitedmorefromrecruitingMBAsratherthaninvestingintheirownstaff.D.企業(yè)本可以從招聘MBA學(xué)生而不是投資于自己的員工中獲益更多。
【考查點(diǎn)】判斷推理題。
【解題思路】原文第2段提到“幾年前被視為成功入場(chǎng)券的東西,如今正受到注重成本的雇主的審視,這些雇主尋求的是‘能做的’而不是‘可能做的’(seek‘can-dos’ratherthan‘might-dos’)”,由此推斷,雇主們更看重有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的人(can-dos),而不是有潛力的人(might-dos),B選項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)在的雇主更看重的是經(jīng)驗(yàn)而不是潛在的能力”表述正確。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】
A選項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)接受采訪的管理人員認(rèn)為,他們的同事需要更多的培訓(xùn)”,可定位到原文第4段第2句,該句提到“管理學(xué)院1992年的調(diào)查顯示,81%的管理人員認(rèn)為,如果他們接受更多的培訓(xùn)(iftheyreceived-moretraining),他們個(gè)人就會(huì)更有效率(theypersonallywouldbemoreeffective)?!庇纱丝芍?,接受采訪的人認(rèn)為自己需要培訓(xùn),而沒有說(shuō)他們的同事,該選項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤,屬于曲解原文;
C選項(xiàng)“管理憲章倡議是對(duì)MBA課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化的一次嘗試”,可定位到原文第5段最后一句,該句提到“如果正在探索引進(jìn)高級(jí)管理人員資格(theintroductionofaseniormanagementqualification)的管理憲章計(jì)劃(theManagementCharterInitiative)獲得成功?!庇纱丝芍?,該計(jì)劃的目的是“探索引進(jìn)高級(jí)管理人員資格”,而不是“MBA課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化”,該選項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤,屬于張冠李戴;
D選項(xiàng)“企業(yè)本可以從招聘MBA學(xué)生而不是投資于自己的員工中獲益更多”,可定位到原文第4段第1句,該句提到“或許,進(jìn)行大規(guī)模投資的公司更明智的做法(wouldhavebeenwiser)是投資于已經(jīng)存在的、焦慮地坐在自己內(nèi)部階梯上的管理人員(investinalreadyexistingmanagers)?!庇纱丝芍?,企業(yè)投資自己的員工更明智,即獲益更多,該選項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤,屬于本末倒置。
7.單選題
Any(
)futurereligionmusttakeseriouslytheimplicationsforreligionoftheremarkablediscoveriesofthemodernnaturalandhumansciences.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.reflexive
B.viable
C.familial
D.secular
【答案】D
【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)reflexive“反身的;反射性的”;B選項(xiàng)viable“可行的;能養(yǎng)活的”;C選項(xiàng)familial“家族的;家庭的;遺傳的”;D選項(xiàng)secular“世俗的;長(zhǎng)期的;不朽的”句意:任何……的未來(lái)的宗教都要重視現(xiàn)代自然和人文科學(xué)的重大發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)它的影響。由句意可知句中應(yīng)表示“長(zhǎng)久存在的宗教”,因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。
8.單選題
IcannevertouchlobsterbecauseI’m()toshellfish.
e
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.sensitive
B.allergic
C.infected
D.sensibl
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)sensitiveadj.敏感的,易受傷害的;B選項(xiàng)allergicadj.對(duì)……過敏的;C選項(xiàng)infectedadj.被感染的;D選項(xiàng)sensibleadj.明智的,明顯的,通情達(dá)理的。句意:我不能接觸龍蝦,因?yàn)槲覍?duì)殼類動(dòng)物過敏。根據(jù)句意,本題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。
9.單選題
Somepeopleviewedthefindingswithcaution,notingthatacause-and-effectrelationshipbetweenpassivesmokingandcancerremained().
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.tobeshown
B.tohavebeenshown
C.tohaveshown
D.beingshown
【答案】A
【解析】考查固定用法。remaintobedone“待完成;待處理”為固定用法。句意:一些人對(duì)研究結(jié)果持謹(jǐn)慎態(tài)度,指出吸二手煙和癌癥之間的因果關(guān)系有待揭示。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。
10.單選題
Thetravelagencyhasafullprogramof(),iftouristswishtovisitlocalplacesofinterest.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.expeditions
B.excursions
C.explorations
D.propositions
【答案】B
【解析】句意:如果游客想游覽當(dāng)?shù)氐拿麆俟袍E,旅行社有一套完整的短途旅行計(jì)劃。
考查名詞辨析。expedition遠(yuǎn)征,探險(xiǎn);excursion遠(yuǎn)足,短程旅行;exploration探測(cè);proposition命題,提議。根據(jù)“當(dāng)?shù)氐拿麆俟袍E”可知四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,B項(xiàng)正確。
11.單選題
Shethoughtitcoulddonoharmto()herescortabit,atleastonhistasteinwines.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.complement
B.flatter
C.flatten
D.decorate
【答案】B
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)complement“補(bǔ)足;補(bǔ)充”;B選項(xiàng)flatter“奉承;諂媚;使高興”;C選項(xiàng)flatten“擊敗;摧毀;使平坦”;D選項(xiàng)decorate“裝飾;布置”。句意:她認(rèn)為,稍微奉承下她的陪同不可能帶來(lái)害處,至少在奉承其對(duì)葡萄酒的品味上不可能帶來(lái)害處。結(jié)合此處語(yǔ)境,B選項(xiàng)正確。
12.單選題
Anearrevolutionhasoccurredoverthepastdecadeinourunderstandingoftheimpactsofclimatechange.Boththenaturalscienceandtheeconomicsunderlyingpredictionsofclimate-changeimpactshavealtereddramatically.Climatescientistshavereducedthemagnitudeofpredictedwarming,suggestingmilderfutureclimatescenarios.Ecologistshaveshiftedfrompredictingecosystemcollapsetopredictingthatnetprimaryproductivitywilllikelyincreaseoverthelongrun.Andeconomistsarenolongerpredictinglargedamages,butratheramixtureofdamagesandbenefits.
Thesechangesaresodramaticthatitisnotclearwhethertheneteconomiceffectsfromclimatechangeoverthenextcenturywillbeharmflilorhelpful.Thenewresearchfurthersuggeststhateffectsarelikelytovaryacrosstheplanet.Wenowexpecttemperateandpolarcountriestoenjoysmalleconomicgains,whereastropicalcountriesaremorelikelytosuffereconomiclosses.
Ofcourse,wehavenotbanishedalluncertainty,whichwillalwayshauntfutureprojectionsofoutcomes.Thedynamicsofecosystemsarepoorlyunderstood;carboncyclesmaychangeovertime;polaricemaygenerateunwelcomesurprises;andtheeffectsofchangeontropicalregionshavenotyethadthethoroughstudytheyrequire.Nonetheless,therecentscientificandeconomicfindingscreateanewperspectiveonthegreenhouse-gasproblem,andthisnewvision,inturn,callsfornewstrategiesandnewpoliticaloutcomes.
Thereductionindamage-estimatesremovestheurgencytoengageincostlycrashabatementprograms.Ourinitialperspectiveongreenhousegasessuggestedthatwewererapidlyapproachingtheedgeofacliff.Thosefearsnowappearunfounded,fortheimpactsfromclimatewarmingseemtoberelativelysmallforthenextcentury.Therewillbedamagestobesure,buttheywillbeoffsetbybenefits.Thenetexpectedeffectnowisclosertozeroratherthanto2percentofGDP.Asaconsequence,thenewabatementpoliciesshouldbedesignedforthelongrun,andshouldbeinexpensiveandcost-effective.
1.Theoverallpurposeofthepassageisto(
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