考研考博-英語-廣東創(chuàng)新科技職業(yè)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廣東創(chuàng)新科技職業(yè)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Thewoodwassorottenthat,whenwepulled,it（）intofragments.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.brokeaway

B.brokeoff

C.brokeup

D.brokethrough

【答案】C

【解析】短語辨析。句意：木頭腐爛成那樣了，我們拉它的時(shí)候，它就

片了。

brokeaway脫離，放棄，裂開；brokeoff折斷，突然停止；brokeup分手，破碎；brokethrough突破。

后半句有一個(gè)“fragments（碎片）”,C項(xiàng)符合句意。雖然A項(xiàng)breakaway也可表示“弄碎”的意思，但后面一般不與“into（sth.）”連用。

2.單選題

Therain（）ourspiritsbecausewewereplanningtogoforapicnic.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.decreased

B.dampened

C.moistened

D.hampered

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:下雨我們的熱情，因?yàn)槲覀儽緛硪ヒ安汀ecreased降低，減少；dampened使...受挫；moistened弄濕；hampered妨礙。我們本來想去野餐，但是下雨妨礙了我們?nèi)ヒ安偷臒崆?。故選D。

3.單選題

Heseemstothinktheplanwillwork,butIam（

）aboutitssuccess.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.unbelieving

B.unbelievable

C.incredible

D.skeptical

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。unbelieving“不相信的”；unbelievable“難以置信的，不可信的”；incredible“難以置信的，驚人的，極好的”；skeptical“懷疑的”。句意：他似乎覺得這個(gè)計(jì)劃會(huì)湊效，但我對(duì)它的成功表示懷疑。前半句表達(dá)的是一個(gè)人相信的態(tài)度，由but可知后半句態(tài)度與之相反，即懷疑的態(tài)度。故D項(xiàng)正確。beskepticalabout對(duì)……表示懷疑。

4.單選題

Everyone______therighttohisownopinion.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.imitates

B.requests

C.deserves

D.outlines

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)imitates“模仿”；B選項(xiàng)requests“正式要求，請(qǐng)求”；C選項(xiàng)deserves“應(yīng)得”；D選項(xiàng)outlines“概括”。句意：每個(gè)人都______權(quán)利持有自己的觀點(diǎn)。選項(xiàng)符合題意。根據(jù)語境，這里指的是每個(gè)人本身都有權(quán)利持有自己的觀點(diǎn)，C選項(xiàng)deserves“應(yīng)得”符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Themillionsofcalculationsinvolved,（

）byhand,wouldhavelostallpracticalvaluebythetimetheywerefinished.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hadtheybeendone

B.theyhadbeendone

C.havingbeendone

D.theyweredone

【答案】A

【解析】句意:如果用手進(jìn)行數(shù)百萬次的計(jì)算，到結(jié)束時(shí)就已經(jīng)失去了意義。

語法題?？疾榈寡b。由句意以及wouldhavelost…推斷此句應(yīng)采用If引導(dǎo)的非真實(shí)條件句表示虛擬,而且表示與過去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)。因此應(yīng)該是iftheyhadbeendonebyhand,當(dāng)省略if后需采用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，即Hadtheybeendonebyhand。

6.單選題

Theplane（

）,itsbombsexplodingasithittheground.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.smashed

B.crushed

C.plunged

D.crashed

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。smash意為“打碎，打破，撞擊”；crush意為“壓壞，壓碎”；plunge意為“暴跌，驟降”；crash意為“碰撞、墜落，墜毀”，根據(jù)習(xí)慣用法，飛機(jī)失事，動(dòng)詞都是用crash。

句意：飛機(jī)墜毀了，其炸彈在撞擊地面時(shí)爆炸。

7.翻譯題

1.Chinaisplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinhelpingtheinternationalcommunityintheprocessoferadicatingextremepovertyby2030.Sincetheimplementationofreformandopeningupinthelate1970s,Chinahashelpedasmanyas400millionpeopleoutofpoverty.Inthenextfiveyears,Chinawillprovideassistancetootherdevelopingcountriesinpovertyreduction,educationdevelopment,agriculturalmodernization,environmental,protection,healthcareandsoon.Chinahasmaderemarkableprogressinpovertyalleviation,andithasmadeunremittingeffortsinpromotingeconomicgrowth.Thiswillencourageotherpoorcountriestocopewiththeirowndevelopmentchallenges.ThesecountriescanlearnfromChina’sexperienceinseekingthepathofdevelopmentwiththeirowncharacteristics.

【答案】1.中國在幫助國際社會(huì)到2030年消除極度貧困的進(jìn)程中發(fā)揮著越來越重要的作用。自上世紀(jì)70年代末實(shí)施改革開放以來，中國已幫助多達(dá)4億人擺脫貧困。未來5年里，中國將在減貧、教育發(fā)展、農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化、環(huán)境保護(hù)、衛(wèi)生保健等方面向其他發(fā)展中國家提供援助。中國在減貧方面取得了顯著進(jìn)展，在促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長方面做出了不懈努力。這將鼓勵(lì)其他貧困國家應(yīng)對(duì)自身的發(fā)展挑戰(zhàn)。這些國家在尋求具有自身特色的發(fā)展道路時(shí)，可以借鑒中國的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。

8.問答題

【答案】1.【答案】And改為However

2.【答案】inbeingtreatedas改成atbeingtreatedas

3.【答案】inferiorthan改為inferiorto

4.【答案】leveledwith改為leveledagainst

5.【答案】term改為terms

6.【答案】fail改為failing

7.【答案】∧treat加上to

8.【答案】giving改為given

9.【答案】farmuchmore去掉far

10.【答案】before改為after

【解析】1.【解題思路】上一句說的是過去的情況，用到了inthepast（在過去），這一句用的是today（今天），二者形成對(duì)比，要用一個(gè)表示轉(zhuǎn)折的邏輯詞，并且要用逗號(hào)和句子隔開，能單獨(dú)使用。所以把And改為However。

2.【解題思路】根據(jù)句意“現(xiàn)在的年輕女性對(duì)自己的地位遠(yuǎn)沒有那么理性，她們對(duì)于自己在某些方面不如男性的對(duì)待更加咄咄逼人?！边@里表示“在……方面”，所以用介詞at，故把in改為at。

3.【解題思路】inferiorto是固定搭配，表示“不如，次于”，所以要把than改為to。

4.【解題思路】根據(jù)句意“由于缺乏動(dòng)力是針對(duì)女性的批評(píng)之一……”，這里用介詞against意為“針對(duì)，反對(duì)”，符合原文語境，所以把with改為against。

5.【解題思路】cometotermswith是固定搭配，表示“妥協(xié)，達(dá)成協(xié)議”，所以把term改為terms。

6.【解題思路】failtoreachthetop（未能到達(dá)頂峰）是做后置定語來修飾women，所以應(yīng)該使用現(xiàn)在分詞形式，所以把fail改為failing。

7.【解題思路】句中間有兩個(gè)逗號(hào)隔開的句子whenawomanwithyoungchildrenappliesforpromotion（當(dāng)有小孩的女性申請(qǐng)晉升時(shí)）是插入語成分，可先忽略不看，再將句子連起來發(fā)現(xiàn)，這里考查的是tendto“傾向于”這個(gè)固定搭配，所以需在treat前加上介詞to。

8.【解題思路】該句的邏輯主語是Employers，句意是“如果給他們選擇的機(jī)會(huì)……”，選擇的機(jī)會(huì)是被給予的，所以用過去分詞表被動(dòng)，把giving改為given。

9.【解題思路】根據(jù)句意“這項(xiàng)研究的作者們推薦了一種更為積極的方式”，muchmore意為“更加，多得多”；farmuchmore意為“遠(yuǎn)得多”，不符合句意。所以應(yīng)該去掉far。

10.【解題思路】根據(jù)原文可知，該句句意是“這些女性應(yīng)該是想等孩子長大直到不再需要她們管之后再來找工作”，所以應(yīng)該把before改為after。

9.翻譯題

學(xué)問是自己的事，不能依靠別人。環(huán)境好，圖書設(shè)備充足，有良師益友指導(dǎo)啟發(fā)，當(dāng)然有很大的幫助，但是這些條件具備，也不一定能保證一個(gè)人在學(xué)問上就有成就。世間也有不少在學(xué)問上有成就的人，并不具備這些條件。最重要的因素，還是個(gè)人自己的努力。求學(xué)是一件艱苦的事，許多人不能忍受那必經(jīng)的艱苦，所以不能得到成功。

【答案】Learningisone'sownbusiness,andonecannotrelyonothers.Obviouslyitwillbeveryhelpfultolearnknowledgeifonehasgoodconditions,suchasgoodenvironment,enoughbooksandequipmentandguidanceandenlightenmentsfromscholarlymentorsandbeneficialfriends.However,eveniftheseconditionsareprovided,itisnotsurethatonewillhavesuccessinlearning.Therearemanypeoplemakingachievementinlearningwithnothoseconditions.Themostimportantfactorinlearningliesintheindividual'sownendeavor.Learningistough,andmanypeoplecannotbearthehardshiptheymustexperience,sothattheycannotachievesuccess.

10.單選題

Therefusalofsomecountriestoextraditepersonsaccusedorconvictedofterroristactshasfocusedattentionontheproblemscausedbythepoliticaloffenseexceptiontoextradition.Extraditionistheprocessbywhichonecountryreturnsanaccusedorconvictedpersonfoundwithinitsborderstoanothercountryfortrialorpunishment.Underthepoliticaloffenseexception,therequestedstatemay,ifitconsidersthecrimetobea“politicaloffense,”denyextraditiontotherequestingstate.

Protectionofpoliticaloffensesisarecentadditiontotheancientpracticeofextradition.ItistheresultoftwofundamentalchangesthatoccurredasEuropeanmonarchieswerereplacedbyrepresentativegovernments.First,thesegovernmentsbegantorejectwhathadbeenaprimaryintentofextradition,toexpeditethereturnofpoliticaloffenders,andinsteadsoughttoprotectdissidentsfleetingdespoticregimes,second,countriesbegantocontendthattheyhadnolegalormoraldutytoextraditeoffenderswithoutspecificagreementscreatingsuchobligations.Asextraditionlawssubsequentlydevelopedthroughinternationaltreaties,thepoliticaloffenseexceptiongraduallybecameanacceptedprincipleamongWesternnations.

Thereisnointernationalconsensus,however,astowhatconstitutesapoliticaloffense.Foranalyticalpurposesillegalpoliticalconducthastraditionallybeendividedintotwocategories.“Pure”politicaloffensesareactsperpetrateddirectlyagainstthegovernment,suchastreasonandespionage.Thesecrimesaregenerallyrecognizedasnonextraditable,evenifnotexpresslyexcludedfromextraditionbytheapplicabletreaty.Incontrast,commoncrimes,suchasmurder,assault,androbbery,aregenerallyextraditable.However,therearesomecommoncrimesthataresoinseparablefromapoliticalactthattheentireoffenseisregardedaspolitical.Thesecrimes,whicharecalled“relative”politicaloffenses,aregenerallynonextraditable.

Despitethewidespreadacceptanceoftheseanalyticconstructs,thedistinctionsaremoreacademicthanmeaningful.Whenitcomestorealcase,thereisnoagreementaboutwhattransformsacommoncrimeintoapoliticaloffenseandaboutwhetherterroristactsfallwithintheprotectionoftheexception.Mostterroristsclaimthattheiractsdofallunderthisprotection.

Nationsoftheworldmustnowbalancethecompetingneedsofpoliticalfreedomandinternationalpublicorder.Itistimetoreexaminethepoliticaloffenseandnonpoliticalcrimes.Theonlyrationalandattainableobjectiveoftheexceptionistoprotecttherequestedpersonagainstunfairtreatmentbytherequestingcountry.Theinternationalcommunityneedstofindanalternativetothepoliticaloffenseexceptionthatwouldprotecttherightsofrequestedpersonsandyetnotofferterroristsimmunityfromcriminalliability.

61.Inthepassage,theauthorprimarilyseeksto______.

62.Accordingtothepassage,whendidcountriesbegintoexceptpoliticaloffendersfromextradition?

63.Accordingtotheauthor,theprimarypurposeofthepoliticaloffenseexceptionshouldbeto______.

64.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthorwouldagreewithwhichoneofthefollowingstatementsaboutthepoliticalexception?

65.Theauthorwouldmostlikelyagreethatthepoliticaloffenseexception______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.defineasetofterms

B.outlineanewapproach

C.describeacurrentproblem

D.exposeanillegalpractice

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Whentheprincipleofextraditingaccusedorconvictedpersonsoriginated.

B.Whensomenationsbeganrefusingtoextraditepersonsaccusedorconvictedofterroristacts.

C.WhenrepresentativegovernmentbegantoreplaceEuropeanmonarchies.

D.Whencountriesbegantorefusetoextraditepersonsaccusedorconvictedofcommoncrimes.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.ensurethatterroristsaretriedfortheiracts

B.ensurethatindividualsaccusedofpoliticalcrimesarenottreatedunfairly

C.distinguishbetweenpoliticalandnonpoliticaloffenses

D.limitextraditiontothoseaccusedof“pure”politicaloffenses

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theexceptionisveryunproven.

B.Theexceptionisprobablyillegal.

C.Theexceptionisusedtoolittle.

D.Theexceptionneedsrethinking.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.hasinsomecases,beenstretchedbeyonditsintendeduse

B.hasbeenusedtooinfrequentlytobeevaluated

C.hasbeenamodestlyusefulweaponagainstterrorism

D.hasnevermettheobjectiveforwhichitwasoriginallyestablished

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】61.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“在文章中，作者主要尋求……”。文章第一段最后一句提到了Underthepoliticaloffenseexception,therequestedstatemay,ifitconsidersthecrimetobea“politicaloffense,”denyextraditiontotherequestingstate.（根據(jù)政治罪例外，如果被請(qǐng)求國認(rèn)為罪行為“政治罪”，可以拒絕向請(qǐng)求國引渡），可知文章首先講述了某些國家拒絕引渡大部分原因是政治庇護(hù)，然后作者在第二段解釋了什么是引渡和什么是因?yàn)檎卧蚓芙^引渡，這是對(duì)當(dāng)今社會(huì)中出現(xiàn)問題的總體描述而展開整篇文章的論述，故C項(xiàng)“描述當(dāng)前的問題”正確。A項(xiàng)“定義一組術(shù)語”完全不是作者想要描述的內(nèi)容；B項(xiàng)“概述一種新方法”文章沒有提到什么新方法，B項(xiàng)不選；D項(xiàng)“揭露違法行為”，文章主要是第三段有描述，其他段落都沒有提及，所以D項(xiàng)也不選。因此該題選C。

62.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“根據(jù)短文，各國從什么時(shí)候開始把政治犯引渡除外了？”。根據(jù)文章第二段前兩句Protectionofpoliticaloffensesisarecentadditiontotheancientpracticeofextradition.ItistheresultoftwofundamentalchangesthatoccurredasEuropeanmonarchieswerereplacedbyrepresentativegovernments.（對(duì)政治犯罪的保護(hù)是對(duì)引渡的古老做法的新近補(bǔ)充。這是代議制政府取代歐洲君主制之后發(fā)生的兩大根本性變化的結(jié)果。）由此可知，代議制政府取代歐洲君主制之后政治犯引渡就受到了保護(hù)，即政治犯引渡例外，所以C項(xiàng)“代議制政府開始取代歐洲的君主政體”正確。A項(xiàng)“當(dāng)引渡被指控者或被定罪者的原則起源的時(shí)候”，文中沒有相關(guān)信息提及此內(nèi)容，A項(xiàng)不選；B項(xiàng)“當(dāng)一些國家開始拒絕引渡被指控或判定犯有恐怖主義行為的人的時(shí)候”，第一段首句提到Therefusalofsomecountriestoextraditepersonsaccusedorconvictedofterroristactshasfocusedattentionontheproblemscausedbythepoliticaloffenseexceptiontoextradition.（一些國家拒絕引渡被指控或被判定犯有恐怖主義行為的人，引起了人們對(duì)政治犯罪例外引渡所引起的問題的關(guān)注。），由此可知一些國家開始拒絕引渡被指控或判定犯有恐怖主義行為的人這一行為引起了人們對(duì)這一問題的關(guān)注，而不是引起各國開始把政治犯引渡除外的原因，因此B項(xiàng)不正確；D項(xiàng)“當(dāng)各國開始拒絕引渡被指控或被判犯有普通罪行的人的時(shí)候”，文章首句提到了是“一些”而不是所有國家，與原文不符，D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。因此該題選C。

63.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“作者認(rèn)為，政治犯罪例外的主要目的應(yīng)該是為了什么？”。根據(jù)文章最后一段第三句Theonlyrationalandattainableobjectiveoftheexceptionistoprotecttherequestedpersonagainstunfairtreatmentbytherequestingcountry.（政治犯罪例外的唯一合理和可實(shí)現(xiàn)的目標(biāo)是保護(hù)被請(qǐng)求人不受請(qǐng)求國的不公平待遇）可知，作者認(rèn)為政治犯罪例外的主要目的是保護(hù)政治犯不受請(qǐng)求國的不公平待遇，因此B項(xiàng)“確保被控犯有政治罪行的個(gè)人不受不公平對(duì)待”正確。A項(xiàng)“確?？植婪肿拥男袨槭艿綄徟小保鶕?jù)文章最后一句Theinternationalcommunityneedstofindanalternativetothepoliticaloffenseexceptionthatwouldprotecttherightsofrequestedpersonsandyetnotofferterroristsimmunityfromcriminalliability.（國際社會(huì)需要找到政治犯罪例外之外的替代辦法，既保護(hù)被請(qǐng)求人的權(quán)利，又不給予恐怖分子刑事責(zé)任豁免。）可知確?？植婪肿拥男袨槭艿綄徟惺亲髡咴谔岢鰢H社會(huì)需要找到政治犯罪例外之外的替代辦法時(shí)所論述的內(nèi)容，所以，該項(xiàng)不是政治犯罪例外的主要目的，A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。C項(xiàng)“區(qū)分政治犯罪和非政治犯罪”，根據(jù)最后一段前兩句Nationsoftheworldmustnowbalancethecompetingneedsofpoliticalfreedomandinternationalpublicorder.Itistimetoreexaminethepoliticaloffenseandnonpoliticalcrimes.（世界各國現(xiàn)在必須在政治自由和國際公共秩序的相互競爭的需要之間取得平衡。是時(shí)候重新審視政治犯罪和非政治犯罪了。）可知，區(qū)分政治犯罪和非政治犯罪是為了讓各國在政治自由和國際公共秩序的相互競爭的需要之間取得平衡，所以C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。D項(xiàng)“將引渡限制在那些被指控為‘純粹’政治罪行的人”，根據(jù)第三段最后兩句However,therearesomecommoncrimesthataresoinseparablefromapoliticalactthattheentireoffenseisregardedaspolitical.Thesecrimes,whicharecalled“relative”politicaloffenses,aregenerallynonextraditable.（然而，也有一些普通犯罪與政治行為是如此密不可分，以至于整個(gè)犯罪都被視為政治犯罪。這些犯罪被稱為“相對(duì)”政治犯罪，通常是不可引渡的。）可知，引渡不止是限制在“純粹”政治犯，也限制這些“相對(duì)”政治犯。因此該題選B。

64.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“從文章中可以推斷出，作者將會(huì)同意下列哪一種關(guān)于政治例外的陳述？”。根據(jù)文章最后一段中第二句Itistimetoreexaminethepoliticaloffenseandnonpoliticalcrimes.（是時(shí)候重新審視政治犯罪和非政治犯罪了）和最后一句Theinternationalcommunityneedstofindanalternativetothepoliticaloffenseexceptionthatwouldprotecttherightsofrequestedpersonsandyetnotofferterroristsimmunityfromcriminalliability.（國際社會(huì)需要找到政治犯罪例外之外的替代辦法，既保護(hù)被請(qǐng)求人的權(quán)利，又不給予恐怖分子刑事責(zé)任豁免）可知，作者認(rèn)為政治犯罪例外需要重新審視，其中reexamine與rethink為近義詞，所以D項(xiàng)“這個(gè)例外需要重新思考”正確。A項(xiàng)“這個(gè)例外是未經(jīng)證實(shí)的”，根據(jù)第二段最后一句Asextraditionlawssubsequentlydevelopedthroughinternationaltreaties,thepoliticaloffenseexceptiongraduallybecameanacceptedprincipleamongWesternnations.（隨著引渡法通過國際條約的發(fā)展，政治犯罪例外逐漸成為西方國家普遍接受的原則。）可知，A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；B項(xiàng)“這種例外可能是非法的”和C項(xiàng)“例外使用得太少”都沒有提到。因此該題選D。

65.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“作者很可能同意政治犯罪例外……”。根據(jù)第四段最后兩句Whenitcomestorealcase,thereisnoagreementaboutwhattransformsacommoncrimeintoapoliticaloffenseandaboutwhetherterroristactsfallwithintheprotectionoftheexception.Mostterroristsclaimthattheiractsdofallunderthisprotection.（在實(shí)際案件中，對(duì)于如何將普通犯罪轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)檎畏缸?，以及恐怖主義行為是否屬于例外的保護(hù)范圍，沒有達(dá)成一致意見。大多數(shù)恐怖分子聲稱他們的行為確實(shí)受到這種保護(hù)。）和最后一段第二句Itistimetoreexaminethepoliticaloffenseandnonpoliticalcrimes.（是時(shí)候重新審視政治犯罪和非政治犯罪了。）可推斷，政治犯罪例外在某些情況下保護(hù)了恐怖分子，所以這是超出了預(yù)期的用途，故A項(xiàng)“在某些情況下，已經(jīng)超出了預(yù)期用途”正確。B項(xiàng)“使用得太不頻繁而無法進(jìn)行評(píng)估”，根據(jù)第二段最后一句thepoliticaloffenseexceptiongraduallybecameanacceptedprincipleamongWesternnations.（政治犯罪例外逐漸成為西方國家普遍接受的原則。）可知，西方國家普遍使用政治犯罪例外，所以B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。C項(xiàng)“是對(duì)付恐怖主義的適度有效的武器”，文章已經(jīng)提到對(duì)部分恐怖分子起了保護(hù)作用，所以C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。D項(xiàng)“從未達(dá)到它最初設(shè)立的目標(biāo)”沒有提到。因此該題選A。

11.單選題

Whenbusinessis（

）thereisusuallyanobviousincreaseinunemployment.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.degraded

B.depressed

C.reduced

D.lessened

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)degrade“貶低，降低”；B選項(xiàng)depress“壓抑，使沮喪，使蕭條”；C選項(xiàng)reduce“減少，降低”；D選項(xiàng)lessen“減少，減輕”。句意：當(dāng)商業(yè)蕭條的時(shí)候，失業(yè)率通常會(huì)明顯上升。選項(xiàng)B更符合邏輯。

12.單選題

Doyouthinkit'sfairtokeepabird（

）inacageallthetime?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.restricted

B.limited

C.confined

D.enclosed

【答案】C

【解析】restrictin限制，約束（指不能自由行動(dòng)）；限定；limitedin受制于；confine限制，禁閉（指被限制在某局部地區(qū)不能自由行動(dòng)）；enclose圍繞，裝入。句意：你認(rèn)為把一只鳥一直關(guān)在籠子里公平嗎？選項(xiàng)C更符合語境。

13.單選題

Althoughtherehasbeenagreatdealofconstructionattheuniversityinthelastfewyears,butthecampusstillfeelsfairlyopenanduncluttered.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.therehasbeen

B.attheuniversityinthelast

C.butthe

D.feelsfairlyopenanduncluttered

E.沒有問題

【答案】C

【解析】連詞多余。去掉but。句子中已經(jīng)有了從屬連詞although，故并列連詞but多余。

14.單選題

Ifacatcomestooclosetoitsnest,themockingbird_______asetofactionstoprotectitsoffspring.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hastens

B.releases

C.devises

D.initiates

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。hastens“催促，加速”；releases“釋放，發(fā)表”；devises“發(fā)明，圖謀”；initiates“發(fā)動(dòng)，發(fā)起”。句意：如果貓?jiān)絹碓娇拷谤叺某玻鼘?huì)發(fā)動(dòng)一系列行動(dòng)去保護(hù)它的后代。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

15.單選題

Everyday,manypeoplecometovisitthe（

）oftheoldcastle.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.location

B.highland

C.site

D.desert

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：每天都有人來參觀城堡的遺址。location“場所”；highland“高低”；site“遺址”；desert“沙漠”。根據(jù)句意，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

16.單選題

"Theword‘protection'isnolongertaboo".Thisshortsentence,utteredbyFrenchPresidentNicolasSarkozylatelastmonth,mayhavelaunchedaneweraineconomichistory.Why?Fordecades,Westernleadershavebelievedthatloweringtradebarriersandtariffswasanaturalgood.Doingso,theyreasoned,wouldleadtogreatereconomicefficiencyandproductivity,whichinturnwouldimprovehumanwelfare.Championingfreetradethusbecameamoral,notjustaneconomic,cause.

Theseleaders,ofcourse,weren'tactingoutofunselfishness.Theyknewtheireconomieswerethemostcompetitive,sothey'dprofitmostfromliberalization.AnddevelopingcountriesfearedthattheireconomieswouldbeswampedbysuperiorWesternproductivity.Today,however,thetableshaveturned—thoughfewacknowledgeit.TheWestcontinuestopreachfreetrade,butpracticesitlessandless.Asia,meanwhile,continuestopleadforspecialprotectionbutpracticesmoreandmorefreetrade.

That'swhySarkozy'swordwassoimportant:hefinallyinjectedsomehonestyintothetradedebate.ThetruthisthatlargepartsoftheWestarelosingfaithinfreetrade,thoughfewleadersadmitit.Someeconomistsaremorehonest.PaulKrugmanisoneofthefewwillingtoacknowledgethatprotectionistargumentsarereturning.Intheshortrun,therewillbewinnersandloserswillbeintheWest.EconomistsinthedevelopedworldusedtolovequotingJosephSchumpeter,whosaidthat"creativedestruction"wasanessentialpartofcapitalistgrowth.Buttheyalwaysassumedthatdestructionwouldhappenoverthere.WhenWesternworkersbeganlosingjobs,suddenlytheirleadersbegantolosefaithintheirprinciples.Thingshaveyettoreversecompletely.Butthere'sclearlyanegativetrendinWesterntheoryandpractice.

Alittlehypocrisyisnotinitselfaseriousproblem.TherealproblemisthatWesterngovernmentscontinuetoinsistthattheyretaincontrolofthekeyglobaleconomicandfinancialinstitutionswhiledriftingawayfromgloballiberalization.Lookatwhat'shappeningattheIMF(InternationalMonetaryFund).TheEuropeanshavedemandedthattheykeepthepostofmanagingdirector.Butalltoooften,Westernofficialsputtheirowninterestsaboveeveryoneelse'swhentheydominatetheseglobalinstitutions.

ThetimehasthereforecomefortheAsians—whoareclearlythenewwinnersintoday'sglobaleconomy—toprovidemoreintellectualleadershipinsupportingfreetrade.Sadly,theyhaveyettodoso.UnlessAsiansspeakout,however,there'sarealdangerthatAdamSmith'sprinciples,whichhavebroughtsomuchgoodtotheworld,couldgraduallydie.Andthatwouldleaveallofusworseoff,inonewayoranother.

1.Itcanbeinferredthat"protection"(Line1,Para.1)means（）

2.TheWesternleaderspreachfreetradebecause（）

3.By"thetableshaveturned"(Line3-4,Para.2)theauthorimpliesthat（）

4.TheWesterneconomistsusedtoliketheideaof"creativedestruction"becauseit（）

5.Theauthoruses"IMF"asanexampletoillustratethepointthat（）

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.improvingeconomicefficiency

B.endingthefree-tradepractice

C.loweringmoralstandard

D.raisingtradetariffs

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.itisbeneficialtotheireconomies

B.itissupportedbydevelopingcountries

C.itmakesthemkeepfaithintheirprinciples

D.itisadvocatedbyJosephSchumpeterandAdamSmith

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.theWesternleadershaveturnedself-centered

B.theAsianleadershavebecomeadvocatesoffreetrade

C.thedevelopedeconomieshaveturnedlesscompetitive

D.thedevelopingeconomieshavebecomemoreindependent

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.setalong-termratherthanshort-termgoal

B.wasanessentialpartofcapitalistdevelopment

C.entailedapositiveratherthannegativementality

D.wasmeanttobethedestructionofdevelopingeconomics

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Europeanleadersarereluctanttoadmittheyarehypocritical

B.thereisaninconsistencybetweenWesterntheoryandpractice

C.globalinstitutionsarenotbeingledbytrueglobalizationadvocates

D.Europeancountries'interestsarebeingignoredbyeconomicleaders

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:信息推斷題。第一段的首句提到，protection不再是一種禁忌，這將開啟一個(gè)新時(shí)代，以及下文提到的幾十年來，西方領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人一直認(rèn)為，降低貿(mào)易壁壘和關(guān)稅是一件自然的好事。他們認(rèn)為，這樣做將導(dǎo)致更大的經(jīng)濟(jì)效率和生產(chǎn)力，從而改善人類福利。根據(jù)文章可推測，下文提到的都是與protection意義相反的內(nèi)容。所以這里的保護(hù)指的是提高貿(mào)易關(guān)稅。選項(xiàng)D正確。

第2題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段的第二句"...sothey'dprofitmostfromliberalization"他們將從自由化中獲得最大的利益。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容，發(fā)達(dá)國家知道他們的經(jīng)濟(jì)是最具競爭力的，然而這一形勢發(fā)生了轉(zhuǎn)變，也就是說發(fā)達(dá)國家的經(jīng)濟(jì)競爭力有所下降。選項(xiàng)C正確。

第4題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段的"theyalwaysassumedthatdestructionwouldhappenoverthere."他們（發(fā)達(dá)國家）總是假設(shè)毀滅會(huì)發(fā)生。以及第三段的最后一句“Butthere'sclearlyanegativetrendinWesterntheoryandpractice.”但在西方的理論和實(shí)踐中，顯然存在著一種消極的趨勢。所以西方經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家過去喜歡引用這句話的原因是因?yàn)樗馕吨l(fā)展中的經(jīng)濟(jì)將會(huì)被毀滅，選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

第5題:信息推斷題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“IMF”定位到第四段，根據(jù)第四段的最后一句“Westernofficialsputtheirowninterestsaboveeveryoneelse'swhentheydominatetheseglobalinstitutions.”但當(dāng)西方官員主導(dǎo)這些全球機(jī)構(gòu)時(shí)，他們往往把自己的利益置于所有人的利益之上。所以作者以IMF為例是為了說明全球機(jī)構(gòu)不是由真正的全球化倡導(dǎo)者領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的，選項(xiàng)C正確。

17.單選題

Americanstodaydon’tplaceaveryhighvalueonintellect.Ourheroesareathletes,entertainers,andentrepreneurs,notscholars.Evenourschoolsarewherewesendourchildrentogetapracticaleducation—nottopursueknowledgeforthesakeofknowledge.Symptomsofpervasiveanti-intellectualisminourschoolsaren’tdifficulttofind.

“Schoolshavealwaysbeeninasocietywherepracticalismoreimportantthanintellectual,”sayseducationwriterDianeRavitch.“Schoolscouldbeacounterbalance.”Ravitch’slatestbook,LeftBack:ACenturyofFailedSchoolReforms,tracestherootsofanti-intellectualisminourschools,concludingtheyareanythingbutacounterbalancetotheAmericandistasteforintellectualpursuits.

Buttheycouldandshouldbe.Encouragingkidstorejectthelifeofthemindleavesthemvulnerabletoexploitationandcontrol.Withouttheabilitytothinkcritically,todefendtheirideasandunderstandtheideasofothers,theycannotfullyparticipateinourdemocracy.Continuingalongthispath,sayswriterEarlShorris,“wewillbecomeasecond-ratecountry.Wewillhavealesscivilsociety.”

“Intellectisresentedasaformofpowerorprivilege,”writeshistorianandprofessorRichardHofstadterinAnti-intellectualisminAmericanlife,aPulitzerPrizewinningbookontherootsofanti-intellectualisminU.S.politics,religion,andeducation.Fromthebeginningofourhistory,saysHofstadter,ourdemocraticandpopulisturgeshavedrivenustorejectanythingthatsmellsofelitism.Practicality,commonsense,andnativeintelligencehavebeenconsideredmorenoblequalitiesthananythingyoucouldlearnfromabook.

RalphWaldoEmersonandotherTranscendentalistphilosophersthoughtschoolingandrigorousbooklearningputunnaturalrestraintsonchildren:“Weareshutupinschoolsandcollegerecitationroomsfor10or15yearsandcomeoutatlastwithabellyfulofwordsanddonotknowathing.”MarkTwain’sHuckleberryFinnexemplifiedAmericananti-intellectualism.Itsheroavoidsbeingcivilized—goingtoschoolandlearningtoread—sohecanpreservehisinnategoodness.

Intellect,accordingtoHofstadter,isdifferentfromnativeintelligence,aqualitywereluctantlyadmire.Intellectisthecritical,creative,andcontemplativesideofthemind.Intelligenceseekstograsp,manipulate,reorder,andadjust,whileintellectexamines,thinks,wonders,theorizes,criticizesandimagines.

Schoolremainsaplacewhereintellectismistrusted.Hofstadtersaysourcountry’seducationalsystemisinthegripsofpeoplewho“joyfullyandmilitantlyproclaimtheirhostilitytointellectandtheireagernesstoidentifywithchildrenwhoshowtheleastintellectualpromise.”

1.WhatdoAmericanparentsexpecttheirchildrentoacquireinschool?

2.WecanlearnfromthepassagethatAmericanshaveahistoryof（

）.

3.TheviewsofRavitchandEmersononschoolingare（

）.

4.Emerson,accordingtothepassage,isprobably（

）.

5.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofintellect?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thehabitofthinkingindependently.

B.Profoundknowledgeoftheworld.

C.Practicalabilitiesforfuturecareer.

D.Theconfidenceinintellectualpursuits.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.undervaluingintellect

B.favoringintellectualism

C.supportingschoolreform

D.suppressingnativeintelligence

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.identical

B.similar

C.complementary

D.opposite

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.apioneerofeducationreform

B.anopponentofintellectualism

C.ascholarinfavorofintellect

D.anadvocateofregularschooling

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Itevolvesfromcommo