2022新高考全國(guó)I卷英語(yǔ)試卷

★啟用前

試卷類(lèi)型：A2022年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試英語(yǔ)本試卷共10頁(yè)，滿(mǎn)分120分?？荚囉脮r(shí)120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必用黑色字跡例筆或簽字筆將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)和座位號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。用2B鉛筆將試卷類(lèi)型（A）填涂在答題卡相應(yīng)位置上。將條形碼橫貼在答題卡右上角“條形碼粘貼處”。因筆試不考聽(tīng)力，選擇題從第二部分的“閱讀”開(kāi)始，試題序號(hào)從“21”開(kāi)始。2.作答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B船筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目選項(xiàng)的答案信息點(diǎn)涂黑；如需改動(dòng)，用像皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案，答案不能答在試卷上。3.非選擇題必須用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫(xiě)在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)位置上：如而改動(dòng)，先則掉原來(lái)的答案，然后再寫(xiě)上新的答案；不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案無(wú)效。4.考生必須保持答題卡的整潔?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將試卷和答題卡一并交回。第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AGradingPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiteratureGradingScale90-100,A;80-89,B;70-79,C;60-69,D;Below60,E.Essays(60%)Yourfourmajoressayswillcombinetoformthemainpartofthegradeforthiscourse:Essay1=10%;Essay2-15%;Essay3=15%;Essay4=20%.GroupAssignments(30%)Studentswillworkingroupstocompletefourassignments(作業(yè))duringthecourse.AlltheassignmentswillbesubmittedbytheassigneddatethroughBlackboard,ouronlinelearningandcoursemanagementsystem.DailyWork/In-ClassWritingsandTest/GroupWork/Homework(10%)nClassactivitieswillvaryfromdaytoday,butstudentsmustbereadytocompleteshortin-classwritingsortestsdrawndirectlyfromassignedreadingsornotesfromthepreviousclass’lecture/discussion,soitisimportanttotakecarefulnotesduringclass.Additionally,fromtimetotimeIwillassigngroupworktobecompletedinclassorshortassignmentstobecompletedathome,bothofwhichwillbegraded.LateWorkAnessaynotsubmittedinclassontheduedatewilllosealettergradeforeachclassperioditislate.Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4thdayaftertheduedate,itwillearnazero.Dailyassignmentsnotcompletedduringclasswillgetazero.Shortwritingsmissedasaresultofanexcusedabsencewillbeaccepted.21.

Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atextbook.

B.Anexampaper.C.Acourseplan.

D.Anacademicarticle.22.

Howmanypartsisastudent’sfinalgrademadeupof?A.Two.

B.Three.

C.Four.

D.Five.23.

Whatwillhappenifyousubmitanessayoneweekaftertheduedate?A.Youwillreceiveazero.

B.Youwilllosealettergrade.C.Youwillbegivenatest.

D.Youwillhavetorewriteit.BLikemostofus,Itrytobemindfuloffoodthatgoestowaste.Thearugula(芝麻菜)wastomakeanicegreensalad,roundingoutaroastchickendinner.ButIendedupworkinglate.Thenfriendscalledwithadinnerinvitation.Istuckthechickeninthefreezer.Butasdayspassed,thearugulawentbad.Evenworse,Ihadunthinkinglyboughtwaytoomuch;IcouldhavemadesixsaladswithwhatIthrewout.Inaworldwherenearly800millionpeopleayeargohungry,“foodwastegoesagainstthemoralgrain,”asElizabethRoytewritesinthismonth’scoverstory.It’sjaw-droppinghowmuchperfectlygoodfoodisthrownaway-from“ugly”(butquiteeatable)vegetablesrejectedbygrocerstolargeamountsofuneatendishesthrownintorestaurantgarbagecans.Producingfoodthatnooneeatswastesthewater,fuel,andotherresourcesusedtogrowit.Thatmakesfoodwasteanenvironmentalproblem.Infact,Roytewrites,“iffoodwastewereacountry,itwouldbethethirdlargestproducerofgreenhousegasesintheworld.”Ifthat’shardtounderstand,let’skeepitassimpleasthearugulaatthebackofmyrefrigerator.MikeCurtinseesmyarugulastoryallthetime-butforhim,it’smorelike12boxesofdonatedstrawberriesnearingtheirlastdays.CurtinisCEOofDCCentralKitcheninWashington.D.C.,whichrecoversfoodandturnsitintohealthymeals.Lastyearitrecoveredmorethan807,500poundsoffoodbytakingdonationsandcollectingblemished(有瑕疵的)producethatotherwisewouldhaverottedinfields.Andthestrawberries?Volunteerswillwash,cut,andfreezeordrythemforuseinmealsdowntheroad.Suchmethodsseemobvious,yersooftenwejustdon’tthink.“Everyonecanplayapartinreducingwaste,whetherbynotpurchasingmorefoodthannecessaryinyourweeklyshoppingorbyaskingrestaurantstonotincludethesidedishyouwon’teat.”Curtinsays.24.

Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbytellingthearugulastory?A.Wepaylittleattentiontofoodwaste.

B.Wewastefoodunintentionallyattimes.C.Wewastemorevegetablesthanmeat.

D.Wehavegoodreasonsforwastingfood.25.

Whatisaconsequenceoffoodwasteaccordingtothetext?A.Moraldecline.

B.Environmentalharm.C.Energyshortage.

D.Worldwidestarvation.26.

WhatdoesCurtin’scompanydo?A.Itproduceskitchenequipment.

B.Itturnsrottenarugulaintocleanfuel.C.Ithelpslocalfarmersgrowfruits.

D.Itmakesmealsoutofunwantedfood.27.

WhatdoesCurtinsuggestpeopledo?A.Buyonlywhatisneeded.

B.Reducefoodconsumption.C.Goshoppingonceaweek.

D.Eatinrestaurantslessoften.CTheelderlyresidents(居民)incarehomesinLondonarebeinggivenhenstolookaftertostopthemfeelinglonely.Theprojectwasdreamedupbyalocalcharity(慈善組織)toreducelonelinessandimproveelderlypeople’swellbeing.Itisalsobeingusedtohelppatientssufferingdementia,aseriousillnessofthemind.Staffincarehomeshavereportedareductionintheuseofmedicinewherehensareinuse.Amongthosetakingpartintheprojectis80-year-oldRuthXavier.Shesaid:“IusedtokeephenswhenIwasyoungerandhadtopreparetheirbreakfasteachmorningbeforeIwenttoschool.“Iliketheprojectalot.Iamdownthereinmywheelchairinthemorninglettingthehensoutanddownthereagainatnighttoseethey’vegonetobed.“It’sgoodtohaveadifferentfocus.Peoplehavebeenbringingtheirchildrenintoseethehensandresidentscomeandsitoutsidetowatchthem.I’menjoyingthecreativeactivities,anditfeelsgreattohavedonesomethinguseful.”Therearenow700elderlypeoplelookingafterhensin20carehomesintheNorthEast,andthecharityhasbeengivenfinancialsupporttorollitoutcountrywide.WendyWilson,extracaremanagerat60PenfoldStreet,oneofthefirsttoembarkontheproject,said:“Residentsreallywelcometheideaoftheprojectandthecreativesessions.Wearelookingforwardtothebenefitsandfuntheprojectcanbringtopeoplehere.”LynnLewis,directorofNottingHillPathways,said:“Wearehappytobetakingpartintheproject.Itwillreallyhelpconnectourresidentsthroughasharedinterestandcreativeactivities.”28.

Whatisthepurposeoftheproject?A.Toensureharmonyincarehomes.

B.Toprovidepart-timejobsfortheaged.C.Toraisemoneyformedicalresearch.

D.Topromotetheelderlypeople’swelfare.29.

HowhastheprojectaffectedRuthXavier?A.Shehaslearnednewlifeskills.

B.Shehasgainedasenseofachievement.C.Shehasrecoveredhermemory.

D.Shehasdevelopedastrongpersonality.30.

Whatdotheunderlinedwords“embarkon”meaninparagraph7?A.Improve.

B.Oppose.

C.Begin.

D.Evaluate.31.

Whatcanwelearnabouttheprojectfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Itiswellreceived.

B.Itneedstobemorecreative.C.Itishighlyprofitable.

D.Ittakesagestoseetheresults.DHumanspeechcontainsmorethan2,000differentsounds,fromthecommon“m”and“a”totherareclicksofsomesouthernAfricanlanguages.Butwhyarecertainsoundsmorecommonthanothers?Aground-breaking,five-yearstudyshowsthatdiet-relatedchangesinhumanbiteledtonewspeechsoundsthatarenowfoundinhalftheworld’slanguages.Morethan30yearsago,thescholarCharlesHockettnotedthatspeechsoundscalledlabiodentals,suchas“f”and“v”,weremorecommoninthelanguagesofsocietiesthatatesofterfoods.NowateamofresearchersledbyDamiánBlasiattheUniversityofZurich,Switzerland,hasfoundhowandwhythistrendarose.Theydiscoveredthattheupperandlowerfrontteethofancienthumanadultswerealigned(對(duì)齊),

makingithardtoproducelabiodentals,whichareformedby

touchingthelowerliptotheupperteeth.Later,ourjawschangedtoanoverbitestructure(結(jié)構(gòu)),makingit

easiertoproducesuchsounds.TheteamshowedthatthischangeinbitewasconnectedwiththedevelopmentofagricultureintheNeolithicperiod.Foodbecame

easiertochewatthispoint.Thejawbonedidn’thavetodoasmuchworkandsodidn’tgrowtobesolarge.AnalysesofalanguagedatabasealsoconfirmedthattherewasaglobalchangeinthesoundofworldlanguagesaftertheNeolithicage,withtheuseof

“f”

and

“v”

increasingremarkablyduringthelastfewthousandyears.Thesesoundsarestillnotfoundinthelanguagesofmanyhunter-gathererpeopletoday.Thisresearchoverturnsthepopularviewthatallhumanspeechsoundswerepresentwhenhumanbeingsevolvedaround300,000yearsago.

“Thesetofspeechsoundsweusehasnotnecessarilyremainedstablesincetheappearanceofhumanbeings,butratherthehugevarietyofspeechsoundsthatwefindtodayistheproductofacomplexinterplayofthings

likebiologicalchangeandculturalevolution,”

saidStevenMoran,amemberoftheresearchteam.32.

WhichaspectofthehumanspeechsounddoesDamián

Blasi’sresearchfocuson?A.Itsvariety.

B.Itsdistribution.

C.Itsquantity.

D.Itsdevelopment.33.

Whywasitdifficultforancienthumanadultstoproducelabiodentals?A.Theyhadfewerupperteeththanlowerteeth.B.Theycouldnotopenandclosetheirlipseasily.C.Theirjawswerenotconvenientlystructured.D.Theirlowerfrontteethwerenotlargeenough.34.

Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?A.Supportingevidencefortheresearchresults.B.Potentialapplicationoftheresearchfindings.C.Afurtherexplanationoftheresearchmethods.D.Areasonabledoubtabouttheresearchprocess.35.

WhatdoesStevenMoransayaboutthesetofhumanspeechsounds?A.Itiskeytoeffectivecommunication.

B.Itcontributesmuchtoculturaldiversity.C.Itisacomplexanddynamicsystem.

D.Itdrivestheevolutionofhumanbeings.第二節(jié)（共5小題：每小題2.5分。滿(mǎn)分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。FitnessMagazinerecentlyrananarticletitled“FiveReasonstoThankYourWorkoutPartner.”O(jiān)nereasonwas:“You’llactuallyshowupifyouknowsomeoneiswaitingforyouatthegym,”whileanotherread:“

36

”Withaworkoutpartner,youwillincreaseyourtrainingeffortasthereisasubtle(微妙)competition.So,howdoyoufindaworkoutpartner?Firstofall,decidewhatyouwantfromthatperson.

37

Ordoyoujustwanttobephysicallyfit,abletomovewithstrengthandflexibility?Thinkabouttheexercisesyouwouldliketodowithyourworkoutpartner.Youmightthinkaboutpostingwhatyouarelookingforonsocialmedia,butitprobablywon’tresultinausefulresponse.

38

Ifyouplanonworkingoutinagym,thatpersonmustbelongtothesamegym.Mypartnerpostedherrequestonthenoticeboardofalocalpark.Hernoticeincludedwhatkindoftrainingshewantedtodo,howmanydaysaweekandhowmanyhoursshewantedtospendoneachsession,andherage.Italsolistedherfavoritesportsandactivities,andprovidedherphonenumber.

39

Youandyourpartnerwillprobablyhavedifferentskills.

40

Overtime,bothofyouwillbenefit-yourpartnerwillbeabletoliftmoreweightsandyouwillbecomemorephysicallyfit.Thecore(核心)ofyourrelationshipisthatyouwillalwaysbetheretohelpeachother.A.Yourfirstmeetingmaybealittleawkward.B.Aworkoutpartnerusuallyneedstolivecloseby.C.You'llworkharderifyoutrainwithsomeoneelse.D.Doyouwanttobeabetterathleteinyourfavoritesport?E.Howcanyouwriteagood"seekingtrainingpartner"notice?F.Justacceptyourdifferencesandlearntoworkwitheachother.G.Anynoticeforatrainingpartnershouldincludesuchinformation.第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Myhusband,ourchildrenandIhavehadwonderfulcampingexperiencesoverthepasttenyears.Someofour

41

arefunny,especiallyfromtheearlyyearswhenourchildrenwerelittle.Once,we

42

alongChalkCreek.Iwas

43

thatour15-month-oldboywouldfallintothecreek(小溪).Itiedaropearoundhiswaisttokeephimneartoourspot.Thatlastedabouttenminutes.Hewas

44

,andhiscryingletthewholecampgroundknowit.So

45

tyinghimup,Ijustkeptacloseeyeonhim.It

46

-hedidn’tendupinthecreek.Mythree-year-old,however,did.Anothertime,werentedaboatinVallecitoLake.Theskywasclearwhenwe

47

,butstormsmoveinfastinthemountains,andthisonequickly

48

ourpeacefulmorningtrip.The

49

pickedupandthunderrolled.Myhusbandstoppedfishingto

50

themotor.Nothing.Hetriedagain.No

51

.Wewerestuckinthemiddleofthelakewithadeadmotor.Asweallsatthere

52

,afishermanpulledup,threwusaropeandtowed(拖)usback.Wewere

53

.Now,everyyearwhenmyhusbandpullsourcamperoutofthegarage,wearefilledwithasenseof

54

,wonderingwhatcampingfunand

55

wewillexperiencenext.41.A.ideas

B.jokes

C.memories

D.discoveries42.A.camped

B.drove

C.walked

D.cycled43.A.annoyed

B.surprised

C.disappointed

D.worried44.A.unhurt

B.unfortunate

C.uncomfortable

D.unafraid45.A.dueto

B.insteadof

C.apartfrom

D.asfor46.A.worked

B.happened

C.mattered

D.changed47.A.signedup

B.calmeddown

C.checkedout

D.headedoff48.A.arranged

B.interrupted

C.completed

D.recorded49.A.wind

B.noise

C.temperature

D.speed50.A.find

B.hide

C.start

D.fix51.A.luck

B.answer

C.wonder

D.signal52.A.patiently

B.tirelessly

C.doubtfully

D.helplessly53.A.sorry

B.brave

C.safe

D.right54.A.relief

B.duty

C.pride

D.excitement55.A.failure

B.adventure

C.performance

D.conflict第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheChinesegovernmentrecentlyfinalizedaplantosetupaGiantPandaNationalPark(GPNP).

56

(cover)anareaabout

threetimes

57

sizeofYellowstoneNationalPart,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnationalparkinthecountry.Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthat

58

(be)previouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthority

59

(increase)effectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.Afterathree-yearpilotperiod,theGPNPwillbeofficiallysetupnextyear.TheGPNP

60

(design)toreflecttheguidingprincipleof"protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)ofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,

61

leavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets(資產(chǎn))forfuturegenerations".TheGPNP'smaingoalistoimproveconnectivitybetweenseparate

62

(population)andhomesofgiantpandas,and

63

(eventual)achieveadesiredlevelofpopulationinthewild.Giantpandasalsoserve

64

anumbrellaspecies(物種),bringingprotectiontoahostofplantsandanimalsinthesouthwesternandnorthwesternpartsofChina.TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestrongerprotectionforallthespecies

65

livewithintheGiantPandaRangeandsignificantlyimprovethehealthoftheecosysteminthearea.第四部分寫(xiě)作（共兩節(jié)、滿(mǎn)分40分）第一節(jié)（滿(mǎn)分15分）假定你是校廣播站英語(yǔ)節(jié)目“TalkandTalk”的負(fù)責(zé)人李華，請(qǐng)給外教Caroline寫(xiě)郵件邀請(qǐng)她做一次訪(fǎng)談。內(nèi)容包括：1.節(jié)目介紹；2.訪(fǎng)談的時(shí)間和話(huà)題。注意：1.寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearCaroline,Yourssincerely,LiHua第二節(jié)（滿(mǎn)分25分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Itwasthedayofthebigcross