高中同位語從句精講和練習(xí)題

高中同位語從句精講和練習(xí)題高中同位語從句精講和練習(xí)題高中同位語從句精講和練習(xí)題V:1.0精細(xì)整理，僅供參考高中同位語從句精講和練習(xí)題日期：20xx年X月同位語從句講解是名詞性從句(主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句、同位語從句)中的主要從句之一，從句作同位語表示與之同位的名詞(短語)的實(shí)際內(nèi)容，它的作用相當(dāng)于名詞，對(duì)前面的名詞(短語)加以補(bǔ)充說明或進(jìn)一步解釋，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)表語從句，它們之間的關(guān)系是同位關(guān)系，即主表關(guān)系。詳細(xì)信息一個(gè)名詞(或其它形式)對(duì)另一個(gè)名詞或代詞進(jìn)行修飾，限定或說明，這個(gè)名詞(或其它形式)就是同位語。同位語與被它限定的詞的格要一致，并常常緊挨在一起。1.名詞作同位語MrWang,mychild’steacher,willbevisitingusonTuesday.王先生，我孩子的老師，星期二要來看我們。2.短語作同位語I,theoldestgirlinthefamily,alwayshadtocarefortheotherchildren.我，作為家里最大的女孩，老得照料家中的其他孩子。3.直接引語作同位語Butnowthequestioncomestotheirminds,“Didshedieyoungbecauseshewasaclone”

但是現(xiàn)在他們不得不思考這樣的問題：“多莉早死是因?yàn)樗且恢豢寺⊙騿帷?.句子作同位語ThegirlsweresurprisedatthefactthatoceanshipscansailuptheGreatlakes.巨大的海輪可以開到五大湖，讓表姐妹倆感到吃驚。同位語從句用法同位語部分是個(gè)句子,就是同位語從句,這種用法比較"固定"一、在復(fù)合句中用作同位語的從句叫同位語從句。它一般跟在某些名詞后面，用以說明該名詞表示的具體內(nèi)容。Iheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon．我聽到了我們隊(duì)獲勝的消息。二、可以跟同位語從句的名詞通常有news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，words（消息），possibility等。I’vecomefromMr.Wangwithamessagethathewon’tbeabletoseeyouthisafternoon．我從王先生那里來，他讓我告訴你他今天下午不能來看你了。三、英語中引導(dǎo)同位語從句的詞通有連詞that，whether，連接副詞how,when,where等。（注：if,which不能引導(dǎo)同位語從句。）Hemustanswerthequestionwhetherheagreestoitornot.他必須回答他是否同意這樣一個(gè)問題。四、有時(shí)同位語從句可以不緊跟在說明的名詞后面，而被別的詞隔開。Thethoughtcametohimthatmaybetheenemyhadfledthecity．他突然想起可能敵人已經(jīng)逃出城了。同位語從句-引導(dǎo)詞同位語從句的引導(dǎo)詞，引導(dǎo)同位語從句的詞語通常有連詞that，whether，連接代詞和連接副詞等。1.連詞that引導(dǎo)同位語從句（注：引導(dǎo)同位語從句的that不能省略）Theideathatyoucandothisworkwellwithoutthinkingisquitewrong.你認(rèn)為不動(dòng)腦筋就能做好這件工作的想法是完全錯(cuò)誤的。（作idea的同位語）【注意1】在某些名詞(如demand,wish,suggestion,resolution等)后面的同位語從句要用虛擬語氣TherewasasuggestionthatBrownshouldbedroppedfromtheteam.有一項(xiàng)建議是布朗應(yīng)該離隊(duì)?！咀⒁?】引導(dǎo)同位語從句的連詞that通常不省略，但在非正式文體中也可以省去。HegabbedhissuitcaseandgavetheimpressionhewasboardingtheTokyoplane.他拿起了手提箱，給人的印象是他要登上飛往東京的飛機(jī)了。2.連詞whether引導(dǎo)同位語從句（注：if不能引導(dǎo)同位語從句）Thequestionwhetherweshouldcallinaspecialistwasansweredbythefamilydoctor.我們是否請(qǐng)專家由家庭醫(yī)生來定?！咀⒁狻縲hether可引導(dǎo)同位語從句，但if不能引導(dǎo)同位語從句。其它引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)的同位語從句連接代詞what,who,whom,whose,which引導(dǎo)同位語從句1).Ihavenoideawhatsizeshoesshewears.我不知道她穿幾號(hào)的鞋。（what作定語）2).Ihavenoideawhichwineisbest—it’samatterofpersonaltaste.我不知道哪種酒最好，這是個(gè)人口味的問題。（which作定語）3).Thequestionwhowilltakehisplaceisstillnotclear.（who作主語）4.連接副詞引導(dǎo)同位語從句連接副詞when,where,how,whyWehaven’tyetsettledthequestionwherewearegoingtospendoursummervacation.到哪兒去度暑假，這個(gè)問題我們還沒有決定。同位語從句-相關(guān)語法一、同位語從句在句中的位置1.一般情況下同位語從句跟在某些名詞(如news，idea，fact，promise，hope，message等)的后面，用以說明該名詞所表達(dá)的具體內(nèi)容。I’vecomefromMrWangwithamessagethathewon’tbeabletoseeyouthisafternoon.我從王先生那邊得知一個(gè)消息，他說他今天下午不能來看你了。2.有時(shí)同位語從句可以不緊跟在它所說明的名詞后，而被別的詞語隔開，在語法上叫做分隔式同位語從句。Thethoughtcametoherthatmaybeshehadleftthedooropenwhenshelefthome.她突然想起可能在她離開家時(shí)沒把門關(guān)上。二、同位語從句前名詞的數(shù)同位語從句前的名詞通常用單數(shù)形式，并且往往帶有限定詞(word除外)加以修飾。WheredidyougettheideathatIcouldnotcome你在哪兒聽說我不能來

三、同位語從句的語氣在suggestion，advice，request，order等意為“建議；命令；要求”的名詞后，同位語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞通常用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”的虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)，句中的should可以省略。Ourteachergaveussomeadvicehowwe(should)usethecomputer.老師給我們提出了一些如何使用電腦的建議。四、同位語從句的先行詞同位語從句的先行詞通常是抽象名詞，常見的有：idea,situationthought,fact,evidence,belief,doubt,fear,hope,question,theory,news,order,ability等等。HowdidthecheatsexplainthefactthattheEmperordidn'tfeelthenewclothesinhim皇帝覺得身上并沒有穿上新衣，對(duì)這個(gè)問題騙子是怎樣解釋的

代詞it可用作同位語從句的先行詞。這個(gè)it常放在某些動(dòng)詞或短語動(dòng)詞后作賓語，同時(shí)兼作其后that同位語從句的先行詞。IoweittoyouthatIamstillalive.幸虧你，我現(xiàn)在還活著。有的語法學(xué)家把先行詞it后的that從句看作是動(dòng)詞或介詞的真正賓語。一般認(rèn)為，這種it后的that從句應(yīng)看作it的同位語，因?yàn)樗喈?dāng)于“主語+be+表語”結(jié)構(gòu)。Youmustsetoitthatthechildrendon'tcatchcold.(=Youmustseetoit,andItisthatthechildrendon'tcatchcold.)你要當(dāng)心，別讓孩子們著涼了。同位語從句-語法區(qū)別與定語從句的的語法區(qū)別：1．意義的不同同位語從句是用于說明所修飾名詞的具體內(nèi)容的，它與被修飾詞語通常可以劃等號(hào)；而定語從句是限制所修飾名詞的，它的作用是將所修飾的名詞與其他類似的東西區(qū)別開來：Wearegladatthenewsthathewillcome.聽到他要來這個(gè)消息我們很高興。(news的內(nèi)容就是thathewillcome，故that引導(dǎo)的是同位語從句)Wearegladatthenewsthathetoldus.聽到他告訴我們的這個(gè)消息我們很高興。(that從句是限制thenews的內(nèi)容的，即我們高興只是因?yàn)樗嬖V的這個(gè)news而不是其他的news，故that從句為定語從句)2.引導(dǎo)詞的不同what,how,if,whatever等可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，但不引導(dǎo)定語從句。3.引導(dǎo)詞的功能上的不同that引導(dǎo)同位語從句時(shí)，它不充當(dāng)句子成分，而引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)，它作為關(guān)系代詞，要么充當(dāng)定語從句的主語，要么充當(dāng)定語從句的賓語。如上例thathetoldus中的that就充當(dāng)told的賓語。4.被修飾詞語的區(qū)別同位語從句所修飾的名詞比較有限，通常有hope,wish,idea,news,fact,promise,opinion,suggestion,truth等，而定語從句所修飾的名詞則非常廣泛。另外，when和where引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)，通常只修飾表示時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)的名詞，而它們引導(dǎo)同位語從句時(shí)卻不一定；又如why引導(dǎo)定語從句，它通常只修飾名詞thereason，而它引導(dǎo)同位語從句時(shí)則不一定：Ihavenoideawhentheywillcome.我不知道他們什么時(shí)候來。(同位語從句)I’llneverforgetthedayswhenIlivedthere..我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記我住在那兒的日子。(定語從句）同位語從句-特殊形式1.間隔同位語從句同位語從句通常是跟在它解釋或說明的名詞后，但有些情況下，由于句子結(jié)構(gòu)的原因，同位語從句不緊跟在名詞后，而被其他的詞隔開。AwarmthoughtsuddenlycametomethatImightusethepocketmoneytobuysomeflowersformymother'sbirthday簡析：由于that從句太長，為避免句子失去平衡，此處用了間隔同位語從句2.suggestion,request和order等名詞后的同位語從句用虛擬語氣。Shemadearequestthatthedoctor(should)besentforatonce.她請(qǐng)求立即請(qǐng)醫(yī)生來。簡析：suggestion，order，request，proposal，requirement，command，advice，proposition和recommendation等名詞后接同位語從句時(shí)，從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞要用“(should+)動(dòng)詞原形”的形式，其中should一詞可省略。3.短語及固定句式后的同位語從句IwillcomeonconditionthatJohnisinvited.如果約翰也被邀請(qǐng)的話，我就來。簡析：短語Oncondition,onsupposition,ontheground(s),ontheunderstanding,withtheexception,inspiteofthefact,ontheassumption及句式Therebe+nodoubt(hope,chance,possibility,…)后的that從句為同位語從句。練習(xí)一．單選1.Hissuccesswasbecauseof________hehadbeenworkinghard.

A.thatB.thefactwhichC.thefactthatD.thefact

2."IsMaryfromNewYorkCity""Idon'tknow_______."

A.fromwhatcitydoesshecomefrom

B.fromwhatcityshecome

C.whatcitydoesshecomefrom

D.whatcityshecomesfrom

3.________makesmistakesmustcorrectthem.

A.WhatB.ThatC.WhoeverD.Whatever

4.ThereasonwhyIdidn'tgotoShanghaiwas________anewjob.

A.becauseIgotB.becauseofgetting

C.IgotD.thatIgot

5.Itworriedherabit____herhairwasturninggrey.

A.whileB.thatC.ifD.for

6.Henrykilledthedog.I'llaskhimwhy________.

A.didhedothatB.hedidthat

C.hedidD.hehasdoneso

7.HaveyouseenHenrylatelyMybosswantstoknow________.

A.howheisgettingalong

B.howishegettingalong

C.whatheisgettingalong

D.whatishegettingalong

8.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild____heorshewants.

A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever

9.Heaskedme________withme.

A.whatisthetroubleB.whatwrongwas

C.whatwasthematterD.whattroubleitis

10.Iamsure________hesaidistrue.

A.thatB.aboutthatC.ofthatD.thatwhat

11.Whenandwhyhecamehere________yet.

A.isnotknownB.arenotknown

C.hasnotknownD.havenotbee

12.Iwonderhowmuch________.

A.doesthewatchcostB.didthewatchcost

C.thewatchcostedD.thewatchcosts

13.Maryis________someonemightrecognizeher.

A.afraidofB.afraidabout

C.afraidthatD.afraidfor

14.________isnoreasonfordismissingher.

A.Becauseshewasafewminuteslate

B.Owingtoafewminuteslate

C.Thefactthatshewasafewminuteslate

D.Beingafewminuteslate

15.Theycametotheconclusion________byacomputer.

A.thatnotallthingscanbedone

B.becauseofnotallthingsbedone

C.beingnotallthingscanbedone

D.becausenotallthingscanbedone

16.Whytheexplosionoccurredwas________thelaboratoryattendanthadbeencareless.

A.forB.becauseC.sinceD.that

17.Idon'tdoubt________he'llcome.

A.thatBifC.whatD.whether

18."Whydidyougotothewrongclass,Mr.Wang"

"Well,Iforget_______Iwassupposedtogoto."

A.whichtheroomB.whichroomC.whatwastheroomD.whatroomwasit

19.Outputisnowsixtimes________itwasbeforeliberation.

A.thatB.whichC.whatD.ofwhich

20.Mary:Helenisamerewasherwoman,yetshe'snowbuyingabighouse.

Carol:Yes.Becauseshe'salwayssaved________.

A.whatlittlesheearnsB.howlittlesheearns

C.forlittlesheearnsD.withlittlesheearns

21._______surprisedmemostwas________suchalittleboyofsevencouldplaytheviolinsowell.

A.That...whatB.What...thatC.That...whichD.What...which

22.Wegavehim________helpwecould.

A.whichB.whatC.thatD.this

23.Sheispleasedwithwhatyouhavegivenhimand________youhavetoldhim.

A.thatB.whichC.allwhatD.allthat

24.Excusemewouldyoupleasetellme________

A.whenthesportsmeetistakenplace

B.whenisthesportsmeetgoingtobeheld

C.whenisthesportsmeettobegin

D.whenthesportsmeetistotakeplace

25.Doyouhappentoknow________

A.whatsizeshoeshewears

B.howbigshoeshewears

C.whatisthesizeofhisshoes

D.whatnumbershoesarehis26.Thisbookwillshowyou________canbeusedinothercontexts.

A.howyouhaveobserved

B.howwhatyouhaveobserved

C.thatyouhaveobserved

D.howthatyouhaveobserved

27.Wheredoyouthink________

A.hashegoneB.hashebeen

C.he'sgoneD.washe

28.Doyouknow________

A.howmanypopulationsthereareintheworld

B.howmuchpopulationthereisintheworld

C.howmanythepopulationoftheworldis

D.whatthepopulationoftheworldis

29.Wouldyougoandsee________outside

A.whattotakeplaceB.whatTomhashappened

C.whatishappeningD.whatthematterhadbeen

30.Thesubjectof"WhatisinterestingisthatIdonotevenknowhim."is_______.

A.whatB.interestingC.WhatisinterestingD.I

31.________IthinkheisCharles.

A.Whodoyouthinkheis

B.Doyouthinkwhoheis

C.Whomdoyouthinkheis

D.Doyouthinkwhoheis

32.Hedidn'tknowwhichroom________.

A.theylivedB.theylivedin

C.didtheyliveD.didtheylivein

33.Thelittleboyate________hismothergavehim.

A.thatB.whichC.whateverD.nomatterwhat34.Thecityisnolonger________.

A.whatitisB.thatitusedtobeC.whichitwasD.whatitusedtobe

35.Myparentsused________theyhadtogetanewcarforme.

A.whichB.thatC.whatD.allwhat

36.________wegoswimmingeveryday________usalotofgood.

A.If...doB.That...do

C.If...doesD.That...does

37.________wastheidea_______thewifethoughtof

A.What...thatB.That...whatC.How...whyD.Why...how

38._______didhetellhiswife________hewishedtodo

A.That...whatB.What...thatC.Where...whichD.Which...where

39.Oneofthemenheldtheview________thebooksaidwasright.

A.whatthatB.thatwhat

C.thatwhichD.whichthat

40.Ihavenoidea________ornothehasfinishedthework.

A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.which

41."Doyouknow________""Hisfatherisadoctor."

A.whatishisfatherB.whoishisfather

C.whathisfatherisD.whohisfatheris

42.Isthis________wemeteachothertwoyearsago

A.placeB.placeinwhichC.whereD.placewhich

43.It________Bobdrivesbadly.

A.thinksthatB.isthoughtwhatC.thoughtthatD.isthoughtthat

44.Weallknowthetruth________thereareair,waterandsunlighttherearelivingthings.

A.whereB.whereverC.thatD.thatwherever

45.Theydiscussed________theycouldsettletheproblemwithoutothers'help.

A.ifB.thatC.whatD.whether

46.Sheasked________.

A.whatIwasdoingwhensherangmeup

B.whatwasIdoingwhensherangmeup

C.whensherangmeupwhatIwasdoing

D.whendidsheringmeupwhatIwasdoing

47.-MayIborrowthering

-Youcantake_______youlike.

A.nomatterwhatB.whichC.whicheverD.that

48.Hesaidthathewasfondof________.

A.whatbeautifulisB.whatisbeautiful

C.beautifuliswhatD.whatitisbeautiful

49.Heinsistedthathe________ingoodhealthand_______toworkthere.

A.was,besentB.is,issentC.be,wassentD.be,send

50.Doyouknow________heexpectswillgiveusatalkA.whoB.whomC.thatD.whose

51.It'suncertain________theexperimentisworthdoing.

A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.how

52.Theywouldhavefixedthetelephoneyesterday_________itwasaholiday.

A.exceptB.exceptforC.exceptthatD.butfor

53.________istodogoodallone'slifeandneverdoanythingbad.

A.WhicheverishardB.Nomatterwhatishard

C.WhatishardD.Allwhatishard

54.________theboydidn'ttakemedicinemadehismotherangry.

A.ThatB.WhatC.HowD.Which

55.Asthedaywasfine,Imadethesuggestion________forawalkinthepark.

A.wegoB.wewillgoC.shouldwegoD.thatwego56.____wecan'tgetseemsbetterthan____wehave.

A.What,whatB.What,thatC.That,thatD.That,what

57.____youdon'tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.

A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether

58.Youcan'timagine____whentheyreceivedtheseniceChristmaspresents.

A.howtheywereexcitedB.howexcitedtheywere

C.howexcitedweretheyD.theywerehowexcited

59.____we'llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.

A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where

60________hereallymeansis________hedisagreeswithus.

A.What…thatB.That…what

C.Why…thatD.If…what

61._________isgoingtodothejobwillbedecidedbythePartycommittee.

A.ThatB.WhyC.HowD.Who

62._______we'llfinishtranslatingthebookdependsonthetime.

A.WhenB.WhyC.WhatD.That

63._______thehousewillbebuiltwillbediscussedattomorrow'smeeting.

A.IfB.WhereC.ThatD.What

64._______hewon'tgothereiscleartoallofus.

A.HowB.WhatC.WhyD.This

65._______youcomeornotisuptoyou.

A.WhatB.IfC.WhyD.Whether

66._______makesmistakesmustcorrectthem.

A.WhoB.AnyoneC.WhoeverD.Anybody

67._______teamwillwinthematchisamatterofpublicconcern.

A.WhichB.ThatC.IfD.How

68.Threedayslater,wordcame________ourcountryhadsentupanotherman-madesatellite.

A.whichB.whenC.thatD.where

69.Theproblemis________willgotothemeeting.

A.whyB.whenC.whatD.who

70.Itlooks_______itweregoingtorain.

A.evenifB.asifC.eventhoughD.like

71.Thatis_______helikestheplacesomuch.

A.thatB.whatC.whyD.how

72.Thatis______LuXunoncelived.

A.whatB.whereC.thatD.why

73.Wethought_______strangethatTomdidnotcomeyesterday.

A.thatB.itC.thisD.what

74.Thefact_______shehadnotsaidanythingsurprisedallofus.

A.whichB.whatC.thatD.how

75.WhatI'mconsideringnow_________themoneyweneed.

A.isB.areC.wereD.was76.Canyoutellme__________

A.whoisthatgentleman

B.thatgentlemaniswho

C.whothatgentlemanis

D.whomisthatgentleman

77.________leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.

A.AnyoneB.ThepersonC.WhoeverD.Who

78.Itiswellknown_________apersoneatscauseschangesinthebody.

A.thatwhat,when,andhowB.that

C.whatD.how

79.Theenergyis________makesthecellsabletodotheirwork.

A.thatB.whichC.whatD.such

80.Jackwassoontold________hedidwasnotnecessary.

A.whyB.thatC.howD.whywhat

81.Weshouldthinkcarefullyabout________Mr.Needhamsaidatthemeeting.

A.thatB.whatC.whichD.X

82.Canyoupointout________tworadiosarethebest

A.whichB.whatC.thatD.whether

83.Youwilleasilyknow________videorecorders(錄相機(jī))arethesame.

A.whatthoseB.thatofthose

C.thatallofD.whichofthose

84.________youhaveseenthingslikethesebeforedoesn'tmatter.

A.IfB.WhetherC.WhatD.When

85.IaskedherinEnglish________shewas,andshetoldme________shewasanactress.

A.who…thatB.who…X

C.what…XD.how…that

86.Shetookitforgranted________I'dbebackhomeanhourago.

A.thatB.whetherC.ifD.when

87.Wethinkitpossible________thelocalgovernmentwillbeabletosolvethehousingproblem.

A.forB.thatC.whenD.how

88.Nowthereisadanger________thegroundmayfallin(沉下)undertheheavytraffic.

A.whetherB.ifC.XD.that

89.AtthattimeIhadnoidea________Icouldhandittohimwithoutbeingseen.

A.ifB.howC.whichD.thathow

90.LastSundayhepromised________today,buthehasn'tappearedyet.

A.thathewouldcomeB.thathewillcome

C.hewillcometoseemeD.whetherhewouldcome

91.LastSundayhemadeapromise________hewasfreehewouldtakemetoQingdao.

A.ifB.thatC.thatifD.whether

92.Doyouhaveanyidea________

A.whenMissSmithwillarrive

B.whenwillMissSmitharrive

C.howwillMissSmitharrive

D.whyhasn'tMissSmitharrived

93.Ihavealmostforgotten________.

A.howMr.Taylor'slikeB.whatMr.Taylor'sfaceislike

C.whatMr.Taylor'sfaceisD.whichMr.Taylor'sfaceislike

94.Thetruevalueoflifeisnotin________,but________.

A.howyouget…thatyougive

B.whichyougotwhatyougive

C.whatyouget…whatyougive

D.whatdoyouget…whatdoyougive

95.Doyouknow________

A.whatisthisusedforB.whatthisisusedfor

C.whichthisisusedD.thatthisisusedfor

96.________surprisedmemostwas________.

A.That…thatshespokeJapanesesowell

B.What…h(huán)owcouldshespeakJapanesesowell

C.What…thatshespokeJapanesesowell

D.That…whyshecouldspeakJapanesesowell

97.________istodance.

A.ThatinterestsMaryreallyB.WhichreallyinterestsMary.

C.WhatreallyinterestsMaryD.WhatreallyinterestMary98.Weweregreatlyamusedby________.

A.whatyouhavetoldusB.whichyouhadtoldus

C.whatyoutoldusD.thatyoutoldus

99.Thesecomputersaredifferentfrom________.

A.thatweexpectedB.whatweexpected

C.whichwehaveexpectedD.whatweexpect

100._____